CHAPTER NO 1

Introduction to Solid Waste

Waste:
Waste are unwanted or unusable materials. Waste is any substance which is discarded
after primary use, or it is worthless, defective and of no use.
Solid Waste:
Non liquid and non soluble material ranging from municipal garbage to industrial waste
that contain complex and sometimes hazardous substances.
Solid Waste Composition

Types Of Solid Waste:

 Municipal Waste
 Industrial Waste
  Biomedical Waste
Municipal Waste
 All types of solid waste generated by households and commercial
establishments, and collected usually by local government bodies.
Industrial Waste
 Industrial waste is the waste produced by industrial activity which includes any
material that is rendered useless during a manufacturing process such as that of
factories, industries, mills, and mining operations
Biomedical Waste
 Any waste which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of
human beings or animals or in research activities or in the production or testing
of biological.
Sources of Solid Waste in a Community
Source Typical activities Types of Solid Waste
where solid waste are
generated
Residential Single-family and multifamily Food wastes, paper,
dwellings; low-,medium- cardboard, plastics, textiles,
,and high-density leather, yard wastes, wood,
apartments etc. glass, tin cans, aluminum,
other metal, ashes, street
leaves, special wastes
(including bulky items,
consumer electronics, white
goods, yard wastes
collected separately,
batteries, oil, and tires),and
household hazardous
wastes

Commercial Stores, restaurants, markets Paper, cardboard, plastics,

office buildings, hotels,
motels, print shops, service
stations, auto repair shops,
etc
Industrial Construction, fabrication,
light and heavy
manufacturing, refineries,
chemical plants, power
plants, demolition, etc
wood, food wastes, glass,
metal wastes ashes, special
waste
Industrial process wastes,
scrap and materials, etc.;
nonindustrial waste
materials, etc. including food
wastes, rubbish, shes,
demolition and construction
wastes ,special wastes, and
hazardous waste
Agricultural Field and row crops Spoiled food wastes,
,orchards, vineyards, agricultural, wastes, rubbish,
dairies, feedlots, farms, etc and hazardous wastes

Solid waste in terms of weight%