Patented June 8, 1937 UNITED STATES 2,083,303 PATENT OFFICE 2,088,208 PRODUCTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON ‘Franz Krezil, Aussig on the Elbe, Crechoslovakia ‘No Drawing, Application Januaty 24, 1986, Se- Hal No, 60,204." In Great 1935 3 Claims. 1935. The object. of the present invention is to provide a simple, effective and aulcker method of producing a hard active car- bon of igh adserptive power in the shaped or ‘moulded state, which may be for instance in the 10 form of threads, sticks or cartridges of any des sired shape, generally made from pul- 5 Bist, January, Activated carbon ts verlzed organic raw material which is mixed with suitable activating agents, such as zine chloride 15 or phosphoric-acid and heated to a high ace tivating temperature. The product is a granular OF Powdered activated carbon, but for many technical uses a shaped or moulded active cat bon is required. Such shaped active carbon, ‘29 has been produced by forming the desired shapes in the powdered raw material or in the partially carbonized raw material before activation and to brevent crumbling of these shapes during the activation process, a fine powdered charcoal has 25 been added with a binder and heated to a tems erature under 100° C. for 24 hours or special Faw materials have been chosen which were found to resist the disruptive or erumbling action of the activation treatment. ‘An object of this invention is to provide a Drocess of obtaining a shaped activated carbon Without requiring protracted heating or the addition of powdered charcoal as a binder or the ‘selection of special peats which have the © property of resisting the crumbling action of the activation process. ‘The invention resides: {in the technical application of my discovery that, by s relatively short heat treatment it 1 poss sible to destroy the tendency of the uncarbon. “19 tzed ravw material to crumble or spring apart into ‘fragments during activation. Not only does my. Rovel heat treatment destroy the tendency of the organic material to spring apart during ac- tivation, but with proper care, I am able in some ‘9 cases to produce a satisfactory shaped active carbon without employing any binding agent to mix with the powdered raw material before the ‘ish pressure moulding process. ‘This is to soy that by means of my invention, 1 not only de. £0 stroy the disruptive tendency of the organte ma. terial but actually produce some modification in. that raw material which gives to the sald Tew material the cohesive properties required to Te- fain the shaped form during and after active. 58 tion. “The product of my improved process is a. 20 ‘Brita (G22) Ioulded shape of hard active easton of adsorptive power, ae According 10 this invention the organto raw Jota such as sawdust, peat, gnense Be impregnated with known activating agents such ae sine ehlovite £9 acid and well sired while being ‘heated tere (oot Berature in ences of 100° Cand nop nts (es 200". until the preliminary’ ag mere a8 Pattily ‘carbonized mass ascunce a Suge? form ‘whereupon attr this novel pease treatment it fs moulded tinder presse Se and activated in Known manne, ‘The folowing numeral example is given as Auustrating one method of carrying {ie Ieneet While being constantiy ct the heating. being with, the mixture Is a stirred, the temperature 320° C. To commence ‘The form or die of 4s preferably heated to about 100° interrupt the heat treatment. On removal from, the forming press the shapes are passed to an oven where they are further heated till hard, the ‘temperature being carefully controlled in order to Gvoid crumbling. “The oven temperas ture should be from 120°-200" ¢. "The harden ing process ts completed in about two hours, ‘The hard shapes are then transferred to an acy tivating retort, preferably of the known rolasy type, where they are brought to a temperature of 450° C. to 600° C. and activation is complenea im about four hours. The resulting. shapes are then cooled, washed and dried in known man ner. ‘The finished brick or shape, with the Quantities above stated, is about 19 grams weight, that is to say about 38% of the starting welght of the sawdust, Jt is not always essential but cases do arise here it ts advisable to add to the mixture some Organic or inorganic binding agent, psed, such binding ager 1s preferably: Sdded during the preliminary heating and mix. ing process, that is to say during the special heat ‘reatment which constitutes the novel feature 5510 l ‘term “carbonizing and activating agent in the form of a solution” as used in the appended claims is intended to mean the impregnating s0- ations of phosphoric acid, zine chloride and sul- phurle acid or combinations of these now well known in processes for the production of acti- w laim: 1, The preliminary treatment of organic raw maierial which is to be manufactured into shaped 25 pleces of active carbon which consists in mix- Ing the comminuted organic raw material with 2,088,808 an activating agent of the group consisting of gine ebloride and phosphoric acid and simul taneously subjecting said mixture during con- tinued stirring and for a period materially Tess than twelve hours to partial carbonizine proc 5 gag a a temperature over 100", and tess than 0". 2, The preliminary treatment of organic raw ‘material which is to be manufactured into shaped pleces of active carbon which consists in mixing 19 {the rew material with an activating agent of the group consisting of zine chloride and phosphoric fcid in solution, stirring said mixture end simul- taneously heating it to a temperature greater than 100° ©, and less than 200° C., said stirring 165 ‘and heating belng continued for one to one and ‘2 balf hours, then immediately molding the re~ sulting hot plastic and partially carbonized mass {nto the desired shapes under pressure. '3. A form of the process claimed in claim 1, 20 characterized in that, a binding agent is added fo the mass under treatment ab the point in the ‘simultaneous mixing and heat treatment process when the said mass commences to be- FRANZ KRCZIL,