Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1
DATA
1. Type of Tank: Intze Tank
2
OBJECTIVE
1:- To make a study about the analysis and design of water tank
2:- To make a study about the guidelines for the design of liquid retaining structure according to
IS Code
IS: 456:2000
3:- To know about the design philosophy for the safe and economical design of water tank
4:- To estimate the overall cost for making the Intze Tank
3
WATER QUANTITY ESTIMATION IN COLLEGE CAMPUS
= 45 × 2662
= 1,19,790 litres
= 120 KL (assume)
4
FLUCTUATION IN RATE OF DEMAND
If this average supplied at all the times it will not be sufficient to meet the fluctuation.
HOURLY VARIATION
5
WATER CONSUMPTION IN HOSTEL
= 216 KL
= 346 KL
͌ 350 KL
6
DESIGN REQUIREMENT OF TANK
* Concrete mix weaker than M-20 is not used because of higher grade lesser porosity of
concrete.
* Coefficient of shrinkage may be taken = 450 × 10-6 for initial and 200 × 10-6 for drying
shrinkage.
* Minimum cover to all reinforcement should be 20 mm or the diameter of main bar whichever
is greater.
* An overhead liquid retaining structure is design using working stress method avoiding the
cracking in the tank and to prevent the leakage and the component of tank can be design using
LIMIT STATE METHOD
(example:-column ,foundation ,bracing ,stairs etc.).
IS: 456:2000
* The leakage is more with higher liquid head and it has been observed thad water head up to
15m does not cause leakage problem.
For thickness between 100 mm to 450 mm = varies linearly from 0.3% to 0.2%
* For concrete thickness ≥ 225 mm, two layer of reinforcement be placed one near water face
and other away from water face.
7
FROM IS -3370
(ii) Cracking – The maximum calculated surface width of concrete for direct tension and flexure
or restrained temperature and moisture effect shall not exceed 0.2 mm with specified cover.
(iv) Bar spacing should generally not exceed than 300 mm or the thickness of the section
whichever is less.
8
DETERMINATION OF FOUNDATION
ℎ 1 − ℎℎℎℎ
ℎ= ( )
ℎ 1 + ℎℎℎℎ
100 1−ℎℎℎ12
= ( )
17 1+ℎℎℎ12
r = density of soil
= 1.76 gm/cm3
= 17.6 KN/m3
p = 100 KN/m3
ℎ = 2.52 ℎ
9
9. DETERMINATION OF HEIGHT OF STAGGING
So Re > 4000
0.079
f=
ℎℎ1/4
L = length of pipe,
d = diameter of pipe
4ℎℎℎ2
ℎd= 2ℎℎ
ℎℎ
ℎ=
2
ℎ = ℎℎ
ℎ
ℎ = 4 × 0.152 = 0. .176ℎ2 =
Only for one hour maximum velocity occurs in the pipe so the discharge during that period
ℎ 350 ℎ3
ℎ = ℎ = 60×60 = 0.097 ℎ
ℎ = ℎℎ
0.097= 0.0176 × ℎ
ℎ = 5.52 m/sec.
ℎℎ 5.52×0.15
ℎℎ = = = 8.2 × 105 (O.K.)
ℎ 0.01×10−4
0.079
ℎ= 1
(8.2 × 105 )4
= 2.61 × 10−3
10
Minimum length of pipe requirement
= 2 × height of building up to 3 storeys from the level + lateral distance up to the centre of tank
= 2 × 15.6 + 18
= 49.2 m
≈ 50 m
4×2.61×10−3 ×50×5.522
Head loss ℎℎ = 2×9.81×0.15
= 5.40 m
HEIGHT OF STAGGING
ℎ ℎ2
Total head = + + ℎ + ℎℎ + ℎℎℎℎℎ ℎℎℎℎℎℎ
ℎ 2ℎ
ℎℎ ℎ2
= ℎ
+ 2ℎ + ℎ + ℎℎ + 1
5.522
= 4.5 + 2×9.81 + 15.6 + 5.4 + 1
= 28.08 ℎ
= 25 m
11
DESIGN OF TOP DOME
ℎℎ1
Meridional thrust at edges ℎ1 =
1+ℎℎℎℎ1
= 30897.15 N/m
30897.15
Meridional stress = 100×100 = 0.308 MPa < 5 MPa (OK)
Use 8 mm bars.
ℎℎ = 50 ℎℎ2
1000×50
Spacing = 240
= 208.33
= 205 mm c/c.
The 205 mm c/c for radial bar is provided at the springing of the dome.
Hence the curtailment of radial bars may be carried out at the appropriate distance.
12
13
DIMENSION OF TANK
= 2.25 m
= 2.5 m
Capacity of tank:-
R2 =6 m
4
Sin Ɵ2 = 6
Ɵ2 = 41.8o
ℎ=2ℎ
1 × (2R1-1) = 6 × 6
R1 = 18.5 m
14
Sin Ɵ1 = 6/18.5
Ɵ1 = 18.92o
A ring beam is provided at the junction of top dome and the vertical wall to resist hoop tension
induced by the top dome.
= 29227.8 N/m.
ℎ1 ×ℎ
Total hoop tension tending to rupture of beam = 2
29227.8×12
= 2
= 175366.8 ℎ
= 3.72
=4
= 1257 mm2
Ac = 124841.53
15
Design of cylindrical wall:-
In the membrane analysis the tank wall is assumed to be free at top and bottom maximum hoop
tension occurs at the base of the wall and its magnitude:-
ℎℎ ℎℎ 9800×ℎ×12
= = = 58800 ℎ
2 2
=3×2+5
= 11 cm.
At x = 1 m.
= 392 mm2
Provide 8 mm bars.
Aø = 50.26 mm2
= 130 mm c/c.
At x = 2 m.
= 784 mm2
Provide 10 mm bars.
Aø = 78.53 mm2
= 100 mm c/c.
16
The hoop steel may be curtailed according to hoop tension at different height along the wall
provided 0.24% of minimum vertical reinforcement.
Provide 8 mm ø.
Aø = 50.26 mm2
50.26×1000
Spacing = 384
= 130 mm c/c.
Thickness =100 mm
Base dia. = 8 m
Raidus of curvature = 6 m
The ring beam connect the tank wall within conical dome. The vertical load at the junction of the
wall with conical dome is transferred to the ring beam B3 by horizontal thrust. In the conical dome
the horizontal component of thrust causes hoop tension at the junction.
W = Load transferred through the tank wall at the top of conical dome / unit length.
tan Øo = 2/2.5
17
Øo = 38.65
18
= 30897.15 sin 18.92
= 10018.32 N/m
= 400 mm width
= 0.32×(0.4-0.1)×1×25000
= 2400 N/m
0.12+0.2
(iii) Load due to tank wall =2×( 2
)× 1 × 25000
= 8000 N/m
=(1-0.3) ×0.6×25000
= 10500 N/m
= 30918.32 N/m
= 24725.97 N/m
Pw2 = rw × hd3
= 11760 N/m
24725.97+11760
=( 2
)× 12 = 218915.82 ℎ
19
218915.82
Ash = 150
= 1460 mm2
= 5 bars
= 1570 mm2
218915.82
Stress in equivalent section = (1000×600)+10×1570
The 10 mm diameter distribution bara (vertical bars) provided in the wall@ 100 mm c/c should be
taken round the above ring to act as stirrups.
(a)Meridional thrust :-
20
Ww = Total weight of water on the conical dome
ℎ ℎ ℎ
=9800[ 4 (122 + 82 ) + 12 × 2.5(122 + 82 + 12 × 8) − 4 82 × 2.5]
=3920098 N
l = √2.52 + 22
= 3.2 m
12+8
Ws = 25000ℎ( 2
) × 3.2 × 0.4
= 1005309.649 N
ℎ×12×30918.32+3920098 +1005309.64
= ℎ×8
=242353.22 N/m
To = W2 / cos Øo
= 310321.06 N/m.
21
Diameter of conical dome at any height h’ above base is
D’ = 8 + (12-8)/2 × h’ = 8 + 2h’
= [6-h’]9800 N/mm2
= 10000 N/mm2
ℎ ℎ′
Hoop tension ℎℎ ′ = (ℎℎℎØℎ + ℎ ℎℎℎØℎ ) 2
(6−ℎ′)9800 (8+2ℎ′)
= ( ℎℎℎ38.65 + 1000 ℎℎℎ38.65 ) 2
h’ Hoop Tension
0 333150.48 N
1 353695.41 N
2 349144.86 N
2.5 337457.95 N
ℎℎℎ ′
For maximum =0
ℎℎ′
h’= 1.31 m.
22
Meridional stress = 0.775 N/mm2
As = 354969.29/150
= 2366.46 mm2
= 170 mm c/c
= 1182 mm2
354969.29
Maximum tensile stress in composite section = (400×1000)+(2×1182×10)
1000×78.53
Spacing = = 180 mm c/c
420
Hence provide 10 mm bars @ 180 mm c/c on each face with a clear cover 20 mm
Ɵ2= 41.8
ℎ ℎℎ2 2
W0=[ × ℎ0 2 ℎ0 – (3ℎ2 − ℎ2 )]ϒw
4 3
W0=850471.35N
23
R2=6, h2=1.5, t2=0.25
Ws=353429.17N
Total Weight=1203900.52N
1203900.52
Meridional thurst=T2= ℎℎ
ℎ ℎℎℎ41.8
D0=8
T2=71866.98N/m
718866.98
Meridional Stress= 250
× 1000
R2 =6,h2=1.5
P2=21289.63N/m2
ℎ2 ℎ2 (21289.63×6)
=
2ℎ2 2×.25
=255475.625N/mm2
Use 10 mm Ɵbars
78.5
Spacing=1000 × =120mm
650
Hence provide 10mm ᶲ bars @ 120mm c/c in both direction also provide 16mm ø meridoinal bars
@170mm c/c near water face.
=310321.06 Sin38.65
=193814.5 N/m
24
Outward thrust from bottom dam=T2cosƟ2
=7866.98cos41.8
=56126.36N/m
=550752.56N
=290423.93 N/m
=18000N/m
2Ɵ=45o C1=0.066,C2=0.030,C3=0.005
wR2Ɵ=308423.9×42×π/4
=3875769.4
=255800.78N.m
=116273.08N.m
=19378.84Nm
For σ cbc=8.5
25
Hysd bars σst=150 N/mm2
8.5
=10.98 ×
10.98×8.5+150
=0.383
Lever Arm
J=1-K/3=0.872
R=1/2×σcbc×J×k=1/2×8.5×0.872×0.383
1.41
Mr=Rbd2
255800.78=1.41×600×d2
d=550mm
=308423.9×4×π/8
=484471.12N
=308423.9×4×(22.5-9.5) ×π/180
=279916.6N
Mφ=WR2(ƟSinφ+ƟCosƟCosφ-1) sagging
=308423.9×42×(π/8×sin9.5+π/8×cot22.5×cos9.5-1)
=4934.78Nm sagging
Mpt=WR2[Ɵcosφ-Ɵcosφsinφ-(Ɵ-φ)]
26
At the support φ=0 M0t=WR2 (Ɵ-φ)=0
M0t=0
27