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BATHYMETRIC SURVEY FOR CENTRAL JAVA COAL FIRED

POWER PLANT (2 X 1000 MW)

BATHYMETRIC SURVEY FOR CENTRAL JAVA


COAL FIRED POWER PLANT (2 X 1000 MW)
SECOND SURVEY REPORT - NOVEMBER 2017
OFFSHORE FIELD SURVEY STUDY

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POWER PLANT (2 X 1000 MW)

This survey report:

Bathymetric Survey for Central Java Coal Fired Power Plant (2 X 1000 MW) - November 2017

has been prepared by

PT. Gomam Netra Buana, Jl. Buahbatu 174, Bandung – 40265, Indonesia

for the

PT. Bhimasena Power Indonesia, Menara Karya Building 29th Floor, Unit F, G, and H, H.R
Rasuna Said Kav 1 - 2, Blok X - 5, Jakarta - 12950, Indonesia

under the Contract No. 4500001847 issued on 28th of August 2017.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

SIGNATORIES i
TABLE OF CONTENTS ii
LIST OF FIGURES iii
LIST OF TABLES iv
I SCHEDULE 1
II RESULTS 3
II.1 TIDAL ANALYSIS 3
II.2 BATHYMETRIC MAP 7
III SUMMARY AND COMPARISONS 13
III.1 COMPARISONS 13
III.2 SUMMARY 17
APPENDIX 18
REFERENCES 22

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LIST OF FIGURES

Fig. 1.1. The detailed schedule plan of Bathymetric Survey in Central Java Coal Fired 2
Power Plant (2 X 1000 MW).
Fig. 2.1. Tidal record from 7 days observation at the platform of Central Java Coal Fired 3
Power Plant (2 X 1000 MW).
Fig. 2.2. A Peilschaal ready to be deployed at Tidal Station in Central Java Coal Fired 4
Power Plant (2 X 1000 MW).
Fig. 2.3. Tidal chart from 7 days observation at the offshore platform of Central Java Coal 4
Fired Power Plant (2 X 1000 MW).
Fig. 2.4. Activities on the Bathymetric Survey Area. 8
Fig. 2.5. Survey vessel track map. 9
Fig. 2.6. TIN surface model of the Survey Area. 10
Fig. 2.7. Raster surface model generated from TIN. 11
Fig. 2.8. The result of Focal Statistics neighborhood interpolation. 11
Fig. 2.9. Final bathymetric map with coloring and contouring. 12
Fig. 3.1. The comparison of September 2017 contour with November 2017 contour. 14
Fig. 3.2. The amount of seabed change during September 2017 until November 2017. 16

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LIST OF TABLES

Table. 2.1. Tidal Harmonic Constituent 5


Table. 2.2. Tidal reference elevation from the 7 days observation 6
Table. 2.3. Coordinates of jetty structure in Central Java Coal Fired Power Plant (2 X 1000 8
MW) Area
Table. A.1. Structural team list for Bathymetric Survey at Central Java Coal Fired Power 19
Plant (2 X 1000 MW)
Table. A.2. Equipment list for Bathymetric Survey at Central Java Coal Fired Power Plant (2 19
X 1000 MW)
Table. A.3. Daily report of Bathymetric Survey at Central Java Coal Fired Power Plant (2 X 20
1000 MW)

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I
SCHEDULE

The field activities has taken place between the period of 9 days starting from 29 October
2017 until 6 November 2017, then the off – field activities has taken place between the period
of 5 days starting from 7 November 2017 until 11 November 2017 (Fig. 1.1).

Field project work commenced with mobilization of equipment and survey crew by vehicle to
location and ended with demobilization of equipment and survey crew from location. Off –
field project work consist of data processing and draft reporting which took place in office
(Bandung) starting right after the end of field operation.

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POWER PLANT (2 X 1000 MW)
BATHYMETRIC SURVEY FOR CENTRAL JAVA COAL FIRED

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Fig. 1.1. The detailed schedule plan of Bathymetric Survey in Central Java Coal Fired Power Plant (2 X 1000 MW).

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BATHYMETRIC SURVEY FOR CENTRAL JAVA COAL FIRED
POWER PLANT (2 X 1000 MW)

II
RESULTS

II.1 TIDAL ANALYSIS


The tide gauge data plot during this survey period (7 days) are shown in Fig. 2.1. Using
the recorded tides, we could calculate the harmonic constituents that used in datum
calculations. The harmonic constituents of tidal are calculated by using Least Square
method based on 7 days tidal observation. The analysis is started from October 31th,
2017 at 12:00:00 o’clock to November 6th, 2017 at 11:00:00 o’clock. Note that, the
recorded tides values are measured from peilschaal which already calibrated into tide
gauge recorder. Peilschaal (Fig. 2.2) is an instrument (in this case, height marker) to
measure the level of liquid (in this case, sea water elevation).

Fig. 2.1. Tidal record from 7 days observation at the platform of Central Java Coal Fired
Power Plant (2 X 1000 MW).

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Fig. 2.2. A Peilschaal ready to be deployed at Tidal Station in Central Java Coal Fired Power
Plant (2 X 1000 MW).

Tidal record from Fig. 2.1 need to be converted into digital format, so that we could
do the analysis for tidal correction. This process was done with manual reading. Fig.
2.3 shows the digitized tidal data plotted in Microsoft® Excel™.

Fig. 2.3. Tidal chart from 7 days observation at the offshore platform of Central Java Coal
Fired Power Plant (2 X 1000 MW).

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The results of Mean Sea Level (MSL) calculation along with nine (9) harmonic
constituents (M2, S2, N2, K2, K1, O1, P1, M4 and MS4) are shown in Table 2.1.

Table 2.1. Tidal Harmonic Constituent


So M2 S2 N2 K2 K1 O1 P1 M4 MS4

A (cm) 1.442 0.116 0.118 0.065 0.040 0.130 0.044 0.040 0.006 0.003

g (°) 8.938 235.245 55.253 318.999 126.274 314.997 194.516 299.016 70.980

Where:
A = One-half the range of a tidal constituent
g = A phase lag of the observed tidal constituent relative to the theoretical
equilibrium tide
So = Mean Sea Level above peilschaal/palm zero
M2 = Main semidiurnal moon component
S2 = Main semidiurnal sun component
N2 = Elliptical moon component
K2 = Semidiurnal moon component
K1 = Diurnal moon component
O1 = Main diurnal moon component
P1 = Main diurnal sun component
M4 = Main quarter diurnal moon component
MS4 = Moon-sun component

The calculation of tidal constants yielded Formzahl number is to indicate the tidal type
of an area. The Formzahl number indicates that the tidal type of at the offshore
platform of Central Java Coal Fired Power Plant (2 X 1000 MW), Batang is mixed
semidiurnal tide (two high and two low waters of unequal height every day).

( AK 1  AO1) (0.130  0.044)


F   0.743
( AM 2  AS 2) (0.116  0.118)
Tidal types are defined as follows:
• F < 0.25 : Semidiurnal (Two high and two low waters of equal height every
day)

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• 0.25 < F < 1.5 : Mixed Semidiurnal (Two high and two low waters of unequal height
every day)
• 1.5 < F < 3.0 : Mixed Diurnal (One high and one low waters of unequal height every
day
• F > 3.0 : Diurnal (One high and one low waters of equal height every day)
A tidal datum is a level from which tides are measured. There are number of such
levels of reference that are important. The following Table 2.2 is some of the datum
generally used.

Table 2.2. Tidal reference elevation from the 7 days observation


Elevation (cm)
Reference Elevation
Peilschaal MSL LWS CDL
HHWL/HWS 192.85 48.63 97.25 104.68
MHWL 173.14 28.92 77.54 84.97
MSL 144.22 0.00 48.62 56.05
MLWL 115.31 -28.91 19.71 27.14
LLWL/LWS 95.60 -48.62 0.00 7.43
CDL 88.17 -56.05 -7.43 0.00

The important tidal elevation is defined as follows:


• HHWL (Highest High Water Level) or HWS (Highest Water Spring), the highest of all
high water levels.
• MHWL (Mean High Water Level), the average of all high water levels.
• MSL (Mean Sea Level), the average of all water levels.
• MLWL (Mean Low Water Level), the average off all low water levels.
• LLWS (Lowest Low Water Spring) or LWS (Lowest Water Spring), the lowest of all
low water levels.
• CDL (Chart Datum Level), the lowest of all water levels due to astronomical effects.

It was a requirement of the survey to present depth data relative to the CDL. CDL is
0.5605 meter below MSL and so this offset was used for the correction. The tidal
correction was done using the following formula.

𝑑̂ = 𝑑 𝑢 − 𝐻𝑡 + ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟

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Where:
𝑑̂ = True depth
𝑑𝑢 = Measured depth
ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = Correction level above zero chart
𝐻𝑡 = Apparent sea surface above zero chart
In this case, ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 is equally CDL because we will correct the depth data to the level
of Chart Datum.

II.2 BATHYMETRIC MAP


The next important step which also one of concluding this survey report are mapping.
To create a good map, especially contour map, we need to ensure the grid (dimension
of data) to be dense enough. The reason behind that is, the resulting map will have
higher resolution if the grid is small enough.

In this survey, we planned to run survey vessel at every 50 meter interval for north –
south direction as main survey lines. But in some area, we could not run the survey
vessel because of the crowded activity (Fig. 2.4 as activities on the survey area and
Fig. 2.5 as survey vessel track map). The obvious one of those areas is in the middle of
Survey Area that is just around the wharf now being constructed. Table 2.3 show the
coordinates list of jetty on Survey Area. To solve this problem, we interpolated the
data inside those region, so that it could satisfy the expected grid we wants.

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Fig. 2.4. Activities on the Survey Area.

Table 2.3. Coordinates of jetty structure in Central Java Coal Fired Power Plant (2 X 1000
MW) Area
NUM NAME X-UTM Y-UTM
1 West Wharf point 369344.099 9239252.605
2 East Wharf point 369706.355 9239159.617
3 Trestle starting point 368271.513 9237078.074

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Fig. 2.5. Survey vessel track map.

Due to the good coverage of data, an interpolation of the data could be undertaken in
GIS software (ArcGIS®) to produce a full representation of the bathymetry in the

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Survey Area ([ESRI], 2016). Using ArcGIS® tools named Focal Statistics, we performs a
neighborhood operation that computes an output raster where the value for each
output cell is a function of the values of all the input cells that are in a specified
neighborhood around that location. Conceptually, on execution, the algorithm visits
each cell in the raster and calculates the specified statistic with the identified
neighborhood. The cell for which the statistic is being calculated is referred to as the
processing cell. The value of the processing cell, as well as all the cell values in the
identified neighborhood, is included in the neighborhood statistics calculation. The
neighborhoods can overlap so that cells in one neighborhood may also be included in
the neighborhood of another processing cell. That means we can confidently fill the
blank zone by setting our interpolation parameter to the most optimum (indeed, we
do some trial and error for a couple of try).
Fig. 2.6 shows the initial Triangulation point, which represent surface model of the
bathymetric data. This commonly called Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN), was
created using the entire depth data, resulting in mesh – shaped surface.

Fig. 2.6. TIN surface model of the Survey Area.

Those TIN was used furthermore to generate raster surface with a spatial resolution
of 5 meter (Fig. 2.7). The purpose is for lightly smooth the grid to improve contour
generation, and to give us some idea about how much interpolation will be needed in
this dataset. We can clearly noticed the blank zone inside the red circle in Fig. 2.7.

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Fig. 2.7. Raster surface model generated from TIN.

Using Focal Statistics tools, we interpolate those blank zone using the neighborhood
range of 250 meter. The resulting grid is shown in Fig. 2.8, notice that the previously
blank zone already filled with interpolated data.

Fig. 2.8. The result of Focal Statistics neighborhood interpolation.

Finally, the bathymetric map was created with basic map scale of 1:5000, which means
every 1 centimeter on the map is represent 50 meter on the field. The contour interval
generated every 0.5 meter based on data (Fig. 2.9).

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Fig. 2.9. Final bathymetric map with coloring and contouring.

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III
SUMMARY AND COMPARISONS

III.1 COMPARISONS
By analyzing the bathymetry contour, we could notice there are some seabed changes
that happen between the current survey (November 2017) and the last survey
(September 2017). Fig. 3.1 shows the comparison of bathymetric contours in
September 2017 and November 2017. From the map, it can be identified that the
seabed elevation at the center of the wharf changed from approximately -7.04 meter
to -7.33 meter during the period.

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Fig. 3.1. The comparison of September 2017 contour with November 2017 contour.

Furthermore, we do analytical approach to determine how much exactly the seabed


has changed. First, we create the model of seabed depth using September 2017

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contour ([BPI], 2017). The model are exactly the same raster surface like the previous
one. Second, we calculate the seabed change by reducing the November 2017 model
with September 2017 model. After that we get the surface model of seabed changes,
which just in scientifically approach was more valid and logically more trusted (Fig.
3.2).

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Fig. 3.2. The amount of seabed change during September 2017 until November 2017.

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III.2 SUMMARY
Judging by the processing result, we could make some statement that:
• The amount of seabed change during the period of September 2017 to November
2017 is varying from +0.34 meter (deepened) to -0.14 meter (shallowed).
• The resulting depth measured from November 2017 survey is more likely still in
the same pattern as September 2017 depth, with the deepest depth of 8.92 meter
and the shallowest depth of 5.47 meter.
• The trend of seabed change is slight shallowing at eastern part and western part
of Survey Area (-0.14 meter at maximum), while at the center part of Survey Area,
the seabed elevation has a trend to become deeper (+0.34 meter at maximum,
just around the center of wharf). However it still need to accumulate data and
compare the result from upcoming surveys.

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APPENDIX

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Table A.1. Structural team list for Bathymetric Survey at Central Java Coal Fired Power Plant (2 X
1000 MW)

STRUCTURAL
NAME JOB SPECIFIC JOB CONTACTS
POSITION
ALDWIN EXPERTS OCEANOGRAPHY TEAM LEADER 081394311209
SYAHPERDANA SPECIALIST
IYAN PRIYATNA TECHNICIAN BATHYMETRIC TEAM MEMBER 081394694104
PROCESSING
YOSEP SOLIHIN TECHNICIAN POSITIONING AND TEAM MEMBER 081322279035
NAVIGATION
OYO WAHYONO TECHNICIAN TIDES AND REPAIRMAN TEAM MEMBER 082120510100

Table A.2. Equipment list for Bathymetric Survey at Central Java Coal Fired Power Plant (2 X 1000
MW)

NUM EQUIPMENT MARKS TOTAL


1 GNSS RTK HI-TARGET POSITIONING SYSTEM
HI-TARGET H32 SERIES BASE STATION SET 1
HI-TARGET K9 SERIES ROVER SET 1
2 SINGLE-BEAM HI-TARGET ECHOSOUNDER SYSTEM
HI-TARGET HD380 MAIN UNIT ECHOSOUNDER UNIT 1
DUAL FREQUENCY HI-TARGET TRANDUCER UNIT 1
3 AUTOMATIC TIDE GAUGE SYSTEM
OTT KEMPTEN TIDE RECORDER UNIT 1
PVC PIPE METER 6
4 TRIPOD UNIT 2
5 PORTABLE COMPUTER (LAPTOP) UNIT 2
6 UHF RF ANTENNA SYSTEM SET 1
7 DC BATTERY 45 A UNIT 3
8 DC BATTERY CHARGER UNIT 2
9 TOOLBOX (SCREWDRIVER, WRENCH, ETC) SET 1
10 MEASUREMENT POLE UNIT 1
11 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
SAFETY HELMET UNIT 5
SAFETY BOOT UNIT 5
SAFETY VEST UNIT 5
LIFE VEST UNIT 5
SAFETY SUIT UNIT 5

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Table A.3. Daily report of Bathymetric Survey at Central Java Coal Fired Power Plant (2 X 1000 MW)
SURVEY LINE LENGTH START X START Y END X END Y
DATE REMARK
LINE (METER) POSITION POSITION POSITION POSITION
1/11/2017 A_23 1500 369176.055 9238415.532 369561.4462 9239865.178 Survey
started at
A_24 1500 369224.3766 9238402.686 369609.7677 9239852.332 8:00 AM
A_25 1500 369272.6981 9238389.84 369658.0893 9239839.486 and
finished
A_26 1500 369321.0196 9238376.993 369706.4108 9239826.639 at 15:00
A_27 1500 369369.3412 9238364.147 369754.7323 9239813.793 PM

A_29 1500 369465.9843 9238338.454 369851.3754 9239788.1


A_31 1500 369562.6273 9238312.761 369948.0185 9239762.407
A_33 1500 369659.2704 9238287.069 370044.6615 9239736.715
A_35 1500 369755.9135 9238261.376 370141.3046 9239711.022
A_37 1500 369852.5565 9238235.683 370237.9477 9239685.329
A_39 1500 369949.1996 9238209.99 370334.5908 9239659.636
A_41 1500 370045.8427 9238184.298 370431.2338 9239633.944
A_43 1500 370142.4857 9238158.605 370527.8769 9239608.251
A_45 1500 370239.1288 9238132.912 370624.52 9239582.558
A_47 1500 370335.7719 9238107.219 370721.163 9239556.865
A_49 1500 370432.415 9238081.527 370817.8061 9239531.173
A_51 1500 370529.058 9238055.834 370914.4492 9239505.48
TOTAL 17 25500
2/11/2017 A_1 1500 368112.9813 9238698.152 368498.3724 9240147.798
A_2 1500 368161.3028 9238685.306 368546.694 9240134.952
A_3 1500 368209.6243 9238672.46 368595.0155 9240122.106
A_4 1500 368257.9459 9238659.613 368643.337 9240109.259
A_5 1500 368306.2674 9238646.767 368691.6586 9240096.413
A_6 1500 368354.589 9238633.921 368739.9801 9240083.567
A_7 1500 368402.9105 9238621.074 368788.3016 9240070.72
A_8 1500 368451.232 9238608.228 368836.6232 9240057.874
A_9 1500 368499.5536 9238595.381 368884.9447 9240045.027
A_10 1500 368547.8751 9238582.535 368933.2662 9240032.181
A_11 1500 368596.1966 9238569.689 368981.5878 9240019.335
A_12 1500 368644.5182 9238556.842 369029.9093 9240006.488
A_13 1500 368692.8397 9238543.996 369078.2308 9239993.642
A_14 1500 368741.1612 9238531.15 369126.5524 9239980.796
A_15 1500 368789.4828 9238518.303 369174.8739 9239967.949
A_16 1500 368837.8043 9238505.457 369223.1954 9239955.103
A_17 1500 368886.1258 9238492.61 369271.517 9239942.257
A_18 1500 368934.4474 9238479.764 369319.8385 9239929.41
A_19 1500 368982.7689 9238466.918 369368.1601 9239916.564
A_20 1500 369031.0904 9238454.071 369416.4816 9239903.717

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A_21 1500 369079.412 9238441.225 369464.8031 9239890.871


A_22 1500 369127.7335 9238428.379 369513.1247 9239878.025
A_30 1500 369514.3058 9238325.608 369899.6969 9239775.254
A_32 1500 369610.9489 9238299.915 369996.34 9239749.561
TOTAL 24 36000
3/11/2017 A_28 1500 369417.6627 9238351.3 369803.0539 9239800.946
A_34 1500 369707.5919 9238274.222 370092.9831 9239723.868
A_36 1500 369804.235 9238248.529 370189.6261 9239698.175
A_38 1500 369900.8781 9238222.837 370286.2692 9239672.483
A_40 1500 369997.5211 9238197.144 370382.9123 9239646.79
A_42 1500 370094.1642 9238171.451 370479.5554 9239621.097
A_44 1500 370190.8073 9238145.758 370576.1984 9239595.404
A_46 1500 370287.4503 9238120.066 370672.8415 9239569.712
A_48 1500 370384.0934 9238094.373 370769.4846 9239544.019
A_50 1500 370480.7365 9238068.68 370866.1276 9239518.326
A_CROSS_1 2499.979981 368497.1341 9240143.041 370913.1798 9239500.669
A_CROSS_2 2499.979981 368432.8966 9239901.435 370848.9422 9239259.063
A_CROSS_3 2499.979981 368368.659 9239659.828 370784.7046 9239017.457
A_CROSS_4 2499.979981 368304.4214 9239418.222 370720.4671 9238775.851
A_CROSS_5 2499.979981 368240.1838 9239176.616 370656.2295 9238534.245
A_CROSS_6 2499.979981 368175.9462 9238935.01 370591.9919 9238292.638
A_CROSS_7 2499.979981 368111.7086 9238693.404 370527.7543 9238051.032
TOTAL 17 32499.85987
4/11/2017 WHARF 2123.954556 369404.763 9239162.935 369858.764 9239259.126
TOTAL 1 2123.954556

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REFERENCES

1. [BPI] Bhimasena Power indonesia. 2017. Bathymetric Survey for Central Java Coal
Fired Power Plant (2 X 1000 MW), First Survey Report - September 2017. Batang
(Indonesia): PT. Bhimasena Power Indonesia.
2. [ESRI] Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. 2016. ArcGIS™ Help Library.
Version 10.5. California (USA): ESRI Press.

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