Trigonometry

y = asinb(θ - c) + d LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I

Lesson Notes

Label all tick marks in the following grids and

Example 1 state the coordinates of each point.
Trigonometric
Coordinate Grids
a) y
5

2π π 0 π 2π θ

-5

b)

y
20

2π π 0 π 2π θ

-20

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Trigonometry
LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I y = asinb(θ - c) + d
Lesson Notes

y
c)
12

8π 0 8π θ

-12

d)

y
40

4π 0 4π θ

-40

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 Trigonometry
y = asinb(θ - c) + d LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I
Lesson Notes

Example 2 Exploring the graph of y = sinθ. y = sinθ

y
a) Draw y = sinθ.
1
3
2

2
2

1
2

2π 3π π π 0 π π 3π 2π θ
11π 7π 5π 4π 5π 7π 5π 3π 2π π π π π π π 2π 3π 5π 7π 5π 4π 5π 7π 11π
6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6

2 2 2 2
1
2

2
2

3
2

-1

b) State the amplitude.

c) State the period.

d) State the horizontal displacement (phase shift).

e) State the vertical displacement. Unit Circle Reference

f) State the θ-intercepts. Write your answer using

a general form expression.

g) State the y-intercept.

h) State the domain and range.

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Trigonometry
LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I y = asinb(θ - c) + d
Lesson Notes

Example 3 Exploring the graph of y = cosθ. y = cosθ

y
a) Draw y = cosθ.
1
3
2

2
2

1
2

2π 3π π π 0 π π 3π 2π θ
11π 7π 5π 4π 5π 7π 5π 3π 2π π π π π π π 2π 3π 5π 7π 5π 4π 5π 7π 11π
6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6

2 2 2 2
1
2

2
2

3
2

-1

b) State the amplitude.

c) State the period.

d) State the horizontal displacement (phase shift).

e) State the vertical displacement. Unit Circle Reference

f) State the θ-intercepts. Write your answer using

a general form expression.

g) State the y-intercept.

h) State the domain and range.

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 Trigonometry
y = asinb(θ - c) + d LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I
Lesson Notes

Example 4 Exploring the graph of y = tanθ. y = tanθ

y
a) Draw y = tanθ.
3

1
3
3

2π 3π π π π π 3π 2π θ
11π 7π 5π 4π 5π 7π 5π 3π 2π π π π π π π 2π 3π 5π 7π 5π 4π 5π 7π 11π
6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6

2 2 3
2 2
-1

-3

b) Is it correct to say a tangent graph has an amplitude?

c) State the period.

d) State the horizontal displacement (phase shift).

Unit Circle Reference

e) State the vertical displacement.
π
tan = undefined
2
f) State the θ-intercepts. Write your answer using tan
2π
=- tan
π
=
3 3
a general form expression. tan
3π
= -1
π
tan = 1
4 4
5π π
tan =- tan =
6 6

tan π = 0 tan 0 = 0
g) State the y-intercept.
7π 11π
tan = tan =-
6 6
h) State the domain and range. 5π tan
7π
= -1
tan =1 4
4
4π 5π
tan = tan =-
3 3
3π
tan = undefined
2

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Trigonometry
LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I y = asinb(θ - c) + d
Lesson Notes

Graph each function over the domain 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π.

Example 5 The base graph is provided as a convenience.
The a Parameter

a) y = 3sinθ b) y = -2cosθ

5 5

0 0
2π 2π

-5 -5

1 5
c) y = sinθ d) y = cosθ
2 2

5 5

0 0
2π 2π

-5 -5

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 Trigonometry
y = asinb(θ - c) + d LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I
Lesson Notes
Determine the trigonometric function
Example 6 corresponding to each graph.
The a Parameter

a) write a sine function. b) write a sine function.

8 28

0 0
2π 2π

-8 -28

c) write a cosine function. d) write a cosine function.

1 5

(π, 14 )
0 0
2π 2π

-1 -5

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Trigonometry
LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I y = asinb(θ - c) + d
Lesson Notes

Graph each function over the domain 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π.

Example 7 The base graph is provided as a convenience.
The d Parameter

a) y = sinθ - 2 b) y = cosθ + 4

5 5

0 0
2π 2π

-5 -5

1 1 1
c) y = - sinθ + 2 d) y = cosθ -
2 2 2

5 5

0 0
2π 2π

-5 -5

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 Trigonometry
y = asinb(θ - c) + d LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I
Lesson Notes
Determine the trigonometric function
Example 8 corresponding to each graph.
The d Parameter

a) write a sine function. b) write a cosine function.

4 35

0 0
2π 2π

-4 -35

c) write a cosine function. d) write a sine function.

32 4

0 0
2π 2π

-32 -4

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Trigonometry
LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I y = asinb(θ - c) + d
Lesson Notes

Graph each function over the stated domain.

Example 9 The base graph is provided as a convenience.
The b Parameter

a) y = cos2θ (0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π) b) y = sin3θ (0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π)

1 1

0 0
π 2π π 2π

-1 -1

1 1
c) y = cos θ (0 ≤ θ ≤ 6π) d) y = sin θ (0 ≤ θ ≤ 10π)
3 5
1 1

0 0
2π 4π 6π 2π 4π 6π 8π 10π

-1 -1

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 Trigonometry
y = asinb(θ - c) + d LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I
Lesson Notes

Graph each function over the stated domain.

Example 10 The base graph is provided as a convenience.
The b Parameter

a) y = -sin(3θ) (-2π ≤ θ ≤ 2π) b) y = 4cos2θ + 6 (-2π ≤ θ ≤ 2π)

1 12

-2π -π π 2π -2π -π π 2π

-6

-1 -12

1 4
c) y = 2cos θ-1 (-2π ≤ θ ≤ 2π) d) y = sin θ (0 ≤ θ ≤ 6π)
2 3
3 1

0
-2π -π π 2π 2π 4π 6π

-1

-2

-3 -1

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Trigonometry
LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I y = asinb(θ - c) + d
Lesson Notes

Determine the trigonometric function

Example 11 corresponding to each graph.
The b Parameter

a) write a cosine function.

2

0
π 2π

-2

b) write a cosine function.

4

0
6π 12π

-4

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 Trigonometry
y = asinb(θ - c) + d LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I
Lesson Notes
c) write a sine function. The b Parameter

0
3π 6π 9π

-2

d) write a sine function.

0
π 2π

-1

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Trigonometry
LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I y = asinb(θ - c) + d
Lesson Notes

Graph each function over the stated domain.

Example 12 The base graph is provided as a convenience.
The c Parameter

a) (-4π ≤ θ ≤ 4π) b) (-4π ≤ θ ≤ 4π)

1 1

-4π -2π 2π 4π -4π -2π 2π 4π

-1 -1

c) (-2π ≤ θ ≤ 2π) d) (-2π ≤ θ ≤ 2π)

1 4

-2π -π π 2π -2π -π π 2π

-1 -4

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 Trigonometry
y = asinb(θ - c) + d LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I
Lesson Notes
Graph each function over the stated domain.
Example 13 The base graph is provided as a convenience.
The c Parameter

a) π b)
θ 2π (-2π ≤ θ ≤ 6π)
2
1 1

π π 2π -2π 2π 4π 6π
2

-1 -1

c) (-π ≤ θ ≤ 4π) d) (-2π ≤ θ ≤ 2π)

2 4

-π 2π 4π -2π -π π 2π

-1

-2 -4

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Trigonometry
LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I y = asinb(θ - c) + d
Lesson Notes

Determine the trigonometric function

Example 14 corresponding to each graph.
The c Parameter

a) write a cosine function.

π π 2π
2

-1

b) write a sine function.

6

0
2π 4π

-6

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 Trigonometry
y = asinb(θ - c) + d LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I
Lesson Notes
c) write a sine function.
The c Parameter
1

-π π 2π

-1

d) write a cosine function.

-8π -4π 4π 8π

-4

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Trigonometry
LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I y = asinb(θ - c) + d
Lesson Notes

Graph each function over the stated domain.

Example 15 The base graph is provided as a convenience.
a, b, c, & d

a) (0 ≤ θ ≤ 6π) b) (0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π)

5 1

0 0
2π 4π 6π π 2π

-5 -1

c) -3 (0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π) d) (0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π)

5 6

0 0
π 2π π 2π

-5 -6

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 Trigonometry
y = asinb(θ - c) + d LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I
Lesson Notes

Example 16 Write a trigonometric function for each graph. a, b, c, & d

a)

-2π -π π 2π 3π 4π

-2

b)

12

-2π -π π 2π

-12

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Trigonometry
LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I y = asinb(θ - c) + d
Lesson Notes

Example 17 Exploring the graph of y = secθ. Graphing Reciprocal Functions

y
a) Draw y = secθ.
3

2
2
2 3
3
1

2π 3π π π 0 π π 3π 2π θ
11π 7π 5π 4π 5π 7π 5π 3π 2π π π π π π π 2π 3π 5π 7π 5π 4π 5π 7π 11π
6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6

2 2 2 2
2 3
-1
3
2

-2

-3

b) State the period.

c) State the domain and range.

d) Write the general equation of the asymptotes. Unit Circle Reference (for secθ)
π
sec = undefined
2
1 2π π
e) Given the graph of f(θ) = cosθ, draw y = . sec
3
= -2 sec
3
=2
f(θ) 3π π
sec =- sec =
y
4 4
5π π
3 sec =- sec =
6 6

sec π = -1 sec 0 = 1

7π 11π
sec =- sec =
2π 0 2π θ 6 6
5π 7π
sec =- sec =
4 4
4π 5π
sec = -2 sec =2
3 3
3π
-3 sec = undefined
2

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 Trigonometry
y = asinb(θ - c) + d LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I
Lesson Notes

Example 18 Exploring the graph of y = cscθ. Graphing Reciprocal Functions

y
a) Draw y = cscθ.
3

2
2
2 3
3
1

2π 3π π π 0 π π 3π 2π θ
11π 7π 5π 4π 5π 7π 5π 3π 2π π π π π π π 2π 3π 5π 7π 5π 4π 5π 7π 11π
6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6

2 2 2 2
2 3
-1
3
2

-2

-3

b) State the period.

c) State the domain and range.

d) Write the general equation of the asymptotes. Unit Circle Reference (for cscθ)
π
csc =1
2
1
e) Given the graph of f(θ) = sinθ, draw y = . csc
2π
= csc
π
=
f(θ) 3π
3 3
π
csc = csc =
y 4 4
5π π
3
csc =2 csc = 2
6 6

csc π = csc 0 =
undefined undefined
7π 11π
2π 0 2π θ csc = -2 csc = -2
6 6
5π 7π
csc =- csc =-
4 4
4π 5π
csc =- csc =-
3 3
-3 3π
csc = -1
2

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Trigonometry
LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I y = asinb(θ - c) + d
Lesson Notes

Example 19 Exploring the graph of y = cotθ. Graphing Reciprocal Functions

y
a) Draw y = cotθ.
3

1
3
3

2π 3π π π π π 3π 2π θ
11π 7π 5π 4π 5π 7π 5π 3π 2π π π π π π π 2π 3π 5π 7π 5π 4π 5π 7π 11π
6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6 6 4 3 3 4 6

2 2 3
2 2
-1

-3

b) State the period.

c) State the domain and range.

d) Write the general equation of the asymptotes. Unit Circle Reference (for cotθ)
π
cot =0
2
1
e) Given the graph of f(θ) = tanθ, draw y = . cot
2π
=- cot
π
=
f(θ) 3 3
3π π
y cot = -1 cot = 1
4 4
3 5π π
cot =- cot =
6 6

cot π = cot 0 =
undefined undefined

2π 0 2π θ 7π 11π
cot = cot =-
6 6
5π 7π
cot =1 cot = -1
4 4
4π 5π
cot = cot =-
3 3
-3
3π
cot =0
2

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 Trigonometry
y = asinb(θ - c) + d LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I
Lesson Notes
Graph each function over the domain 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π.
Example 20 The base graph is provided as a convenience.
Transformations of
State the new domain and range. Reciprocal Functions

a) b)

3 3

0 0
π 2π π 2π

-3 y = secθ
-3 y = secθ

c) d)

3 3

0 0
π 2π π 2π

-3 y = cscθ
-3
y = cotθ

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Trigonometry
LESSON THREE - Trigonometric Functions I y = asinb(θ - c) + d
Lesson Notes

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