Answer scheme: Chapter 2_ Electricity

Sec B
Qestion Answer SUB
1. (a) To show the pattern of the electric field
(b)
Suitable characteristic Reason

Rectangular plate as To produce parallel electric field

electrode
Bigger size of electrode To produce a stronger electric field

Electrode are placed Electric field will be stronger

closer
Higher voltage of power To produce a stronger electric field /
supply magnitude of the electric field depends
on the voltage / potential difference
across the plate
smaller / smaller mass of Can move faster and easier
seeds

(c) Compare the brightness of the bulbs correctly 1

- The bulb in Circuit A is dimmer / vice versa
Compare the thickness of the connecting wire correctly 1
- The connecting wire in Circuit A is thinner / vice versa
Relate the brightness of the bulb and the current correctly 1
- The higher the current, the brighter the bulb / vice versa
Relate the current and the resistance of the wire correctly 1
- The higher the current, the lower the resistance / vice versa
State the relationship between the thickness of the connecting 1
wire and resistance correctly
- The thicker the wire, the smaller the resistance / vice vers
(d) (i) State the reason correctly 1
- No, because the graph is not a straight line
(ii) State the answer to the resistance correctly 1
- The resistance of the filament increases
Relate the temperature and the current correctly 1
- The higher the current, the higher the temperature of the filament
bulb
Relate the resistance of the filament and the gradient of the graph 1
correctly
- As the current increases, the gradient of the graph / the ratio of the
voltage and current increases
State the relationship between resistance and gradient of the graph
correctly
- Resistance is the gradient of the graph 1
2.

(a)(i) Electrical energy - light energy + heat energy 1

(ii)

3
Diagram 2.1(a) Diagram 2.1 (b)

(b)  The bulb in Diagram 2.1(a) is dimmer .

 The brightness of bulbs within the circuit for both circuits is the
same.
 The potential difference of all bulbs in diagram 2.1(a) is smaller
than the voltage supplied by the cell. ( V = V1 + V2 + V3)
 The potential difference across the bulbs in diagram 2.1(a) is the
same as the voltage supplied by the cell. （V = V1 = V2 = V3）
 The effective resistance in Diagram 2.1(a) is larger tahn that in
Diagram 2.1(b).
 The current flow through each bulb in Diagram 2.1(a) is smaller than
the current flow through the bulb in Diagram 2.1(b). 6

(c) Modifications Explanation

(i) All the bulbs are connected in Every bulb is supplied with the
parallel to the power supply. same voltage .
(ii) Use energy saving type of bulb The energy consumed can be
reduced.
(iii) Use higher efficiency bulb The waste of energy as heat can be
reduced.
The temperature in the booth can
remain cool.

(iv) Use identical lamp Every booth is brighten with same

brightness.
(v) Fuse should be connected to To cut off the circuit if short
each booth. circuit occured
(vi) Do not use extention plug for To,prevent the high current flow
too many bulbs which may cause the short circuit.
(vii) Use short connecting wires To reduce resistance in the circuit.
10
Sec C

3(a)
The total resistance in the circuit which represents the multiple
1
resistors connected in series or parallel to the circuit.

(b)  If one bulb is blown the other still can be used 1

 Lower the total resistance 1

 Easy to trace damage circuit 1

 Maintain the potential difference same as the supply through the

household appliances 1

(c)(i) Control the speed of the fan 1

(c)(ii)  1/r = 1/20 + 1/(20+10) @ 1/r = 1/20 + 1/30 @ 1/r = 50/60 @ 1

r = 60/50
r = 1.2 Ω
1

 1/r = 1/20 + 1/20 @ 1/r = 2/20 @ 1/r = 1/10 1

r = 10 Ω 1

(d)

Suitable characteristic Reason

High melting point Can withstand high temperatures

High conductivity of heat Heat flows easily

High resistivity Produces more heat

Very low density Not heavy and easier to carry from place
to place.
R is most suitable :
High melting point, high conductivity of heat, high resistivity and very low
density.
Physics 3

SECTION A

NO MARKING CRITERIA MARK

SUB TOTAL
1(a) (i) Temperature 1 1
(ii) Current 1 1
(iii) Length of conductor 1 1
(b)
/0C I/A 1/I /A-1
10 0.29 3.4 1
20 0.18 5.6
30 0.13 7.7 1
40 0.10 10.0
50 0.08 12.5
1
Title of table – quantity
All the unit are correct 1
Value of /0C - all correct 5
Measuring of I (in range) - all correct 1
Measuring of 1/I (in range) - all correct

(c) Axis – quantity/symbol y-axis and x-axis A 1

Unit for y-axis and x-axis B 1

C
Uniform scale  1

Plotting – all correct  D 1 6

Graph line (cross y-axis) E Graph size > 75% F 1

(d) 1/I increase linearly with θ 1 1

(e) Eyes should be perpendicular to the reading on the scale to 1 1

avoid parallax error.

16
 2 (a) Resistance R is directly proportional to 1/d2 1
(b) From the graph, when R= 1.25 Ω, 1/d2 = 1.222 mm [show on the graph] 1

d2 = 1.439 , d = 1.222 mm 1
(c)(i) Draw a gig trianle on the graph 1

1
Gradient =

= 1.875 Ω mm2 1

(ii)
ρ= x 103 )

1
= x 103 )
1
= 0.94 Ω mm

(d) ρ=
1
1

R= = = 445 Ω
1

(e) Switch off the circuit while not taking the reading to prevent the circuit from being 1
heated.

3 (a) Inference: 1
Resistance of a conductor depends on its cross sectional area.
(b) Hypothesis : 1
As the cross sectional area of a conductor wire increases, its resistance
decreases.
(c)(i) Aim of experiment : 1
To investigate the relationship between the cross sectional area of a
constantan wire and its resistance.
(ii) Variables 1
Manipulated : Number of constantan wire connected in parallel
( Represent Cross sectional area
of wire)
Responding : Resistance, R
Constant : Length of constantan wire/ material of conductor wire 1
// Material of the wire
(iii) Complete list of apparatus and materials 1
Dry cells, insulated constantan wires, connector wire, ammeter, voltmeter,
rheostat, switch, meter rule.

(iv) 1

(v) State one method of measuring the responding variable:

 Adjust the rheostat and until the ammeter reading is I = 0.2 A. 1
 Measure the corresponding reading on the voltmeter, V
Calculate the resistance of conductor using equation; 1
R = V/I
Repeat the experiment at least 4 times
 Repeat the experiment with cross sectional area increase to 1
(vi) 0.2 mm2, 0.3 mm2, 0.4 mm2, 0.5 mm2 by using 2, 3, 4 and 5 constantan
wires connected in parallel across PQ.

Tabulation of data:
Number of wire V/V I/A R/Ω
1 1
2
3
4
5

Analyse the data .

R/Ω 1

No of wire
4 (a) Inference: 1
Resistance of a conductor depends on its temperature.
(b) Hypothesis : 1
As the temperature of a conductor wire increases, its resistance decreases.
(c)(i) Aim of experiment : 1
To investigate the relationship between the temperature of a constantan
wire and its resistance.
(ii) Variables 1
Manipulated : Temperatureof wire, T
Responding : Resistance, R
Constant : Length of constantan wire/ material of conductor wire //
cross-sectional area of the wire
1
(iii) Complete list of apparatus and materials 1
Dry cells, insulated constantan wires, connector wire, ammeter, voltmeter,
rheostat, switch, meter rule, beaker, bunsen burner, thermometer

(iv) Set up of Apparatus 1

(v) State one method of measuring the responding variable:
 Set up the apparatus as shown. 1
 Water is heated until temperatue, T achieved 20oC.
 Adjust the rheostat until the ammeter reading is I = 0.2 A. 1
 Measure the corresponding reading on the voltmeter, V ,
Calculate the resistance of conductor using equation;
R = V/I 1
(vi)
Repeat the experiment at least 4 times
 Repeat the experiment with temperature increase to 30oC, 40oC ,
50oC and 60oC and coresponding resistance is calculated.

Tabulation of data:
Temperature/T oC V/V I/A R/Ω 1
20
30
40
50
60

Analyse the data .

R/Ω 1

o
T/ C