KI GDOM OF CAMBODIA

STATE SECRETARIAT OF CIVil AVI ATION

CAMBODIAN CIVIL AVIATION REGULATIONS (CCAR)

PART 1:

Approved by :
TL
ATE

Effective Date: 16 June 2016

The prev Ious Regu lation Part 1: General
Policies, Procedures, and Defini tions (issue : 2,
Revision: 0)

dated 18 M ay 200 9 is here by repealed .

 KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA
STATE SECRETARIAT OF CIVIL AVIATION

CAMBODIAN CIVIL AVIATION REGULATIONS (CCAR)

PART 1:
General Policies, Procedures, and Definitions
(Issue: 3, Revision: 0)

Approved by:

Effective Date: 16 June 2016

The Previous Regulation Part 1:
General Policies, Procedures, and
Definitions (issue: 2, Revision: 0)
dated 18 May 2009 is hereby repealed.
PART 1 - GENERAL POLICIES, PROCEDURES, AND DEFINITIONS
INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT RECORD OF REVISIONS

RECORD OF REVISIONS
REV NO. DATE CHAPTER REV NO. DATE CHAPTER

Issue 3 16 JUN 2016 -

INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT RECORD OF REVISIONS

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 GENERAL POLICIES, PROCEDURES, AND DEFINITIONS
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1.1 RULES OF CONSTRUCTION
1.1.1.1 RULES OF CONSTRUCTION
(a) Throughout these regulations the following word usage applies:
(1) Shall indicates a mandatory requirement.
(2) The words “no person may...” or “a person may not...”mean that no person is required,
authorised, or permitted to do an act described in a regulation.
(3) May indicates that discretion can be used when performing an act described in a regulation.
(4) Will indicates an action incumbent upon the SSCA.
(5) Includes means “includes but is not limited to.”
(6) Approved means the SSCA has reviewed the method, procedure, or policy in question and
issued a formal written approval.
(7) Acceptable means the SSCA has reviewed the method, procedure, or policy and has neither
objected to nor approved its proposed use or implementation.
(8) Prescribed means the SSCA has issued written policy or methodology which imposes either a
mandatory requirement, if the written policy or methodology states "shall" or a discretionary
requirement if the written policy or methodology states "may"
1.1.1.2 APPLICABILITY
(a) These regulations shall apply to all persons operating or maintaining the following—
(1) aircraft registered in Cambodia;
(2) aircraft registered in another Contracting State that are operated by a person licensed by
Cambodia, and must be maintained in accordance with the standards of the aircraft State of
Registry, wherever that maintenance is performed;
(3) aircraft of other Contracting States operating in Cambodia.
(b) Those regulations addressing persons certificated under any Part of these regulations apply also to any
person who engages in an operation governed by any Part of these regulations without the appropriate
certificate, operations specification, or similar document required as part of the certification.
(c) Regulations addressing general matters establish minimum standards for all aircraft operated in
Cambodia. Specific standards applicable to the holder of a certificate shall apply if they conflict with a
more general regulation.
(d) Foreign air operators who conduct commercial air transport into, from or within Cambodia, shall be
governed by the provisions of the Operations Specification issued by the SSCA, and by those
provisions in Parts 7, 8, and 10 that specifically address commercial air transport. Regulations that
address AOC holders apply only to operators certificated by Cambodia.

Note: In accordance with ICAO Convention Article 3 and Article 1 of the Law on Civil Aviation of the
Kingdom of Cambodia, State aircraft are not covered by these regulations.
1.1.1.3 ORGANISATION OF REGULATIONS
(a) These regulations are subdivided into five hierarchical categories:
(1) Part refers to the primary subject area.
(2) Subpart refers to any subdivision of a Part.
(3) Section refers to any subdivision of a Subpart.
(4) Subsection refers to the title of a regulation and can be a subdivision of a Subpart or Section,
(5) Paragraph refers to the text describing the regulations. All paragraphs are outlined
alphanumerically in the following hierarchical order: (a), (1), (i), (A).
(b) Definitions used throughout
(1) Definitions applicablethese
to tworegulations are appear
or more Parts organised as follows:
in Part 1, Subsection 0;
(1) Definitions applicable only to one Part appears at the beginning of that Part; and
(2) Definitions contained in Law on the Civil Aviation of the Kingdom of Cambodia are presented
therein, and not in these regulations
(c) Acronyms used within each Part are defined at the beginning of those Parts, and if a definition is
 GENERAL POLICIES, PROCEDURES, AND DEFINITIONS
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supplied, a note will indicate the Part where the definition is located.
(d) Notes appear in Subsections to provide exceptions, explanations, and examples to individual
requirements.
(e) Subsections may refer to Implementing Standards, which provide additional detailed requirements that
support the purpose of the subsection, and where specifically referenced by the subsection, gain the
legal force and effect of the referring subsection. The rules of construction, Subsection 1.1.1.1, apply to
Implementing Standards.
1.1.1.4 DEFINITIONS
(a) For the purpose of these regulations, the following definitions shall apply:
(1) Accountable manager. The manager who exercises SSCA on behalf of the SSCA for
ensuring that all prescribed actions are performed to the standard required by the SSCA.
When authorised by the SSCA, the accountable manager may redelegate all or part of his or
her SSCA in writing to another person within in the organisation, who becomes the
accountable manager for the matters delegated.
(2) Aerodrome. A defined area on land or water (including any buildings. Installations and
equipment) intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure and surface
movement of aircraft.
(3) Aeronautical experience. Pilot time obtained in an aircraft, approved flight simulator, or
approved flight-training device for meeting the training and flight time requirements of these
regulations.
(4) Aeronautical product. Any aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller, or subassembly, appliance,
material, part, or component to be installed thereon.
(5) Aeroplane. A power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in flight chiefly from
aerodynamic reactions on surfaces which remain fixed under given conditions of flight.
(6) Air Traffic Control. A service that promotes the safe, orderly, and expeditious flow of air
traffic at aerodromes and during the approach, departure, and en route environments.
(7) Air Traffic Control (ATC) facility. A building holding the persons and equipment responsible
for providing ATC services (e.g., airport tower, approach control, center).
(8) Aircraft category. Classification of aircraft according to specified basic characteristics (e.g.,
aeroplane, helicopter, glider, free balloon).
(9) Aircraft component. Any component part of an aircraft up to and including a complete
powerplant and/or any operational/emergency equipment.
(10) Aircraft type. All aircraft of the same basic design.
(11) Airframe. The fuselage, booms, nacelles, cowlings, fairings, airfoil surfaces (including rotors
but excluding propellers and rotating airfoils of a powerplant), and landing gear of an aircraft
and their accessories and controls.
(12) Airworthiness data. Any information necessary to ensure that an aircraft or aircraft
component can be maintained in a condition such that airworthiness of the aircraft, or
serviceability of operational and emergency equipment, as appropriate, is assured.
(13) Airworthiness release. A certification signed by a licensed mechanic authorised by the AOC
holder indicating that work was performed in accordance with the AOC holder's maintenance
manual, was inspected by a licensed mechanic, and the aircraft was found satisfactory for
safe operation.
(14) Appliance. Any instrument, mechanism, equipment, part, apparatus, appurtenance, or
accessory, including communications equipment, that is used or intended to be used in
operating or controlling an aircraft in flight, is installed in or attached to the aircraft, and is not
part of an airframe, powerplant, or propeller.
(15) Approved by the SSCA. Approved by the SSCA directly or in accordance with a procedure
approved by the SSCA.
(16) Approved Maintenance Organisation (AMO). An organisation approved to perform specific
aircraft maintenance activities by the SSCA. These activities may include the inspection,
overhaul, maintenance, repair and/or modification and release to service of aircraft or
 GENERAL POLICIES, PROCEDURES, AND DEFINITIONS
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aeronautical products.
(17) Approved continuous maintenance program. A maintenance program approved by the
State of Registry.
(18) Approved standard. A manufacturing, design, maintenance, or quality standard approved by
the SSCA.
(19) Approved training. Training carried out under special curricula and supervision approved by
the SSCA.
(20) Authorised instructor. A person who—
(i) Holds a valid ground instructor certificate issued under Part 2 when conducting
ground training;
(ii) Holds a current flight instructor certificate issued under Part 2 when conducting
ground training or flight training; or
(iii) Is authorised by the SSCA to provide ground training or flight training under Part 2
and Part 3.
(21) Balloon. A non-power-driven lighter-than-air aircraft.
(22) Category II (CAT II) operations. With respect to the operation of aircraft, means a straight-in
ILS approach to the runway of an airport under a Category II ILS instrument approach
procedure issued by the SSCA or other appropriate civil aviation authority.
(23) Category III (CAT III) operations. With respect to the operation of aircraft, means an ILS
approach to, and landing on, the runway of an airport using a Category III ILS instrument
approach procedure issued by the SSCA or other appropriate civil aviation authority.
(24) Certify as airworthy. The required maintenance record entry completed by a properly
authorised person after the modification, overhaul, repair, or the inspection of an aircraft, or
aeronautical product required by the SSCA.
(25) Certifying staff. Those personnel who are authorised by the Approved Maintenance
Organisation in accordance with a procedure acceptable to the SSCA to certify aircraft or
aircraft components for release to service.
(26) Commercial air transport. An aircraft operation involving the transport of passengers, cargo,
or mail for remuneration or hire.
(27) Contracting States. All States that are signatories to the Convention on International Civil
Aviation (Chicago Convention).
(28) Course. A program of instruction to obtain an airman license, rating, qualification,
authorisation, or currency.
(29) Courseware. Instructional material developed for each course or curriculum, including lesson
plans, flight event descriptions, computer software programs, audio-visual programs,
workbooks, and handouts
(30) Crew Resource Management. A program designed to improve the safety of flight operations
by optimising the safe, efficient, and effective use of human resources, hardware, and
information through improved crew communication and co-ordination.
(31) Cross-country time. That time a pilot spends in flight in an aircraft which includes a landing
at a point other than the point of departure and, for the purpose of meeting the cross-country
time requirements for a private pilot license (except with a rotorcraft rating), commercial pilot
license, or an instrument rating, includes a landing at an aerodrome which must be a straight-
line distance of more than 50 nautical miles from the original point of departure.
(32) Dual instruction time. Flight time during which a person is receiving flight instruction from a
properly authorised pilot on board the aircraft.
(33) Evaluator. A person employed by a certified Aviation Training Organisation who performs
tests for licensing, added ratings, authorisations, and proficiency checks that are authorised by
the certificate holder's training specification, and who is authorised by the SSCA to administer
such checks and tests.
(34) Examiner. Any person authorised by the SSCA to conduct a pilot proficiency test, a practical
test for an airman license or rating, or a knowledge test under these regulations.
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(35) Flight crewmember. A licensed crewmember charged with duties essential to the operation
of an aircraft during flight time.
(36) Flight simulator. A device that—
(i) Is a full-size aircraft cockpit replica of a specific type of aircraft, or make, model, and
series of aircraft;
(ii) Includes the hardware and software necessary to represent the aircraft in ground
operations and flight operations;
(iii) Uses a force cueing system that provides cues at least equivalent to those cues
provided by a 3 degree freedom of motion system;
(iv) Uses a visual system that provides at least a 45 degree horizontal field of view and a
30 degree vertical field of view simultaneously for each pilot; and
(v) Has been evaluated, qualified, and approved by the SSCA.
(37) Flight time. The total time from the moment an aircraft first moves under its own power for the
purpose of taking off until the moment it comes to rest at the end of the flight.
Note: Flight time as here defined is synonymous with the term "block-to-block" time or "chock-
to-chock" time in general usage, which is measured from the time an aircraft moves from the
loading point until it stops at the unloading point.
(38) Flight training device. A device that—
(i) Is a full-size replica of the instruments, equipment, panels, and controls of an aircraft,
or set of aircraft, open or in an enclosed cockpit, including the hardware and software
for the systems installed, that is necessary to simulate the aircraft in ground and flight
operations;
(ii) Need not have a force (motion) cueing or visual system; and
(iii) Has been evaluated, qualified, and approved by the SSCA.
Note: A set of aircraft are those that share similar performance characteristics, such as similar
airspeed and altitude operating envelopes, similar handling characteristics, and the same
number and type of propulsion systems.
(39) Flight training. Training, other than ground training, received from an authorised instructor in
flight in an aircraft.
(40) Glider. A non-power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in flight chiefly from
aerodynamic reactions on surfaces, which remain, fixed under given conditions of flight.
(41) Helicopter. A heavier-than-air aircraft supported in flight chiefly by the reactions of the air on
one or more power-driven rotors on substantially vertical axis.
(i) Class 1 helicopter. A helicopter with performance such that, in case of critical
engine failure, it is able to land on the rejected take-off area or safely continue the
flight to an appropriate landing area, depending on when the failure occurs.
(ii) Class 2 helicopter. A helicopter with performance such that, in case of critical
engine failure, it is able to safely continue the flight, except when the failure occurs
prior to a defined point after take-off or after a defined point before landing, in which
case a forced landing may be required.
(iii) Class 3 helicopter. A helicopter with performance such that, in case of engine failure
at any point in the flight profile, a forced landing must be performed.
(42) Inspection. The examination of an aircraft or aeronautical product to establish conformity with
a standard approved by the SSCA.
(43) Instrument approach. An approach procedure prescribed by the SSCA having jurisdiction
over the aerodrome.
(44) Instrument time. Time in which cockpit instruments are used as the sole means for
navigation and control.
(45) Instrument training. Training which is received from an authorised instructor under actual or
simulated instrument meteorological conditions.
(46) Knowledge test. A test on the aeronautical knowledge areas required for an airman license
or rating that can be administered in written form or by a computer.
(47) Large aeroplane. An aeroplane having a maximum certified take-off mass of 5,700 kg.
 GENERAL POLICIES, PROCEDURES, AND DEFINITIONS
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(12,500 lbs.), or more.
(48) Maintenance. Tasks required to ensure the continued airworthiness of an aircraft or
aeronautical product including any one or combination of overhaul, repair, inspection,
replacement, modification, and defect rectification.
(49) Maintenance release. A document containing a certification that inspection and maintenance
work has been performed satisfactorily in accordance with the methods prescribed by the
SSCA.
(50) Minimum equipment list (MEL). A list approved by the SSCA which provides for the
operation of aircraft, subject to specified conditions, with particular equipment inoperative,
prepared by an operator in conformity with, or more restrictive than, the Master Minimum
Equipment List established for the aircraft type by the aircraft manufacturer, and approved by
the State of Design.
(51) Night. The hours between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil
twilight or such other period between sunset and sunrise. Civil twilight ends in the evening
when the centre of the sun's disc is 6 degrees below the horizon and begins in the morning
when the centre of the sun's disc is 6 degrees below the horizon.
(52) Operational control. The exercise of authority over the initiation, continuation, diversion or
termination of a flight in the interest of the safety of the aircraft and the regularity and
efficiency of the flight.
(53) Pilot in command. The pilot responsible for the operation and safety of the aircraft during
flight time.
(54) Pilot time. That time a person—
(i) Serves as a required pilot;
(ii) Receives training from an authorised instructor in an aircraft, approved flight simulator,
or approved flight training device; or
(iii) Gives training as an authorised instructor in an aircraft, approved flight simulator, or
approved flight training device.
(55) Powered-lift. A heavier-than-air aircraft capable of vertical takeoff, vertical landing, and low
speed flight that depends principally on engine-driven lift devices or engine thrust for lift during
these flight regimes and on nonrotating airfoil(s) for lift during horizontal flight.
(56) Powerplant. An engine that is used or intended to be used for propelling aircraft. It includes
turbosuperchargers, appurtenances, and accessories necessary for its functioning, but does
not include propellers.
(57) Practical test. A competency test on the areas of operations for a license, certificate, rating,
or authorisation that is conducted by having the applicant respond to questions and
demonstrate manoeuvres in flight, in an approved flight simulator, or in an approved flight
training device, or in a combination of these.
(58) Pre-flight inspection. The inspection carried out before flight to insure that the aircraft is fit
for the intended flight.
(60) Pressurised aircraft. For airman licensing purposes, means an aircraft that has a service
ceiling or maximum operating altitude, whichever is lower, above 25,000 feet MSL. Propeller.
A device for propelling an aircraft that has blades on a powerplant driven shaft and that, when
rotated, produces by its action on the air, a thrust approximately perpendicular to its plane of
rotation. It includes control components normally supplied by its manufacturer, but does not
include main and auxiliary rotors or rotating airfoils of powerplants.
(61) Rating. An authorisation entered on or associated with a license or certificate and forming part
thereof, stating special conditions, privileges or limitations pertaining to such license or
certificate.
(62) Repair. The restoration of an aircraft/aeronautical product to a serviceable condition in
conformity with an approved standard.
(63) Second in command. A licensed pilot serving in a piloting capacity other than as pilot-in-
command, who is designated as second in command and who meets second in command
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requirements of Part 8 of these regulations.
(64) Small aeroplane. An aeroplane having a maximum certified take-off mass of less than 5,700
kg. (12,500 lbs.).
(65) Solo flight. Flight time during which a student pilot is the sole occupant of the aircraft, or that
flight time during which the student acts as a PIC of a gas balloon or an airship requiring more
than one flight crewmember.
(66) SSCA. The State Secretariat for Civil Aviation, which is the civil aviation authority responsible
for the oversight of civil aviation in Cambodia.
(67) State of Registry. The Contracting State on whose registry an aircraft is entered.
(68) Technical log. A document carried on an aircraft that contains information to meet ICAO
requirements; a technical log contains two independent sections: a journey record section and
an aircraft maintenance record section.
(69) Training program. Program that consists of courses, courseware, facilities, flight training
equipment, and personnel necessary to accomplish a specific training objective. It may include
a core curriculum and a specialty curriculum.
(70) Training time. The time spent receiving from an authorised instructor flight training, ground
training, or simulated flight training in an approved flight simulator or approved flight-training
device.

1.2 GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE RULES GOVERNING TESTING, LICENSES, AND

CERTIFICATES
1.2.1.1 DISPLAY AND INSPECTION OF LICENSES AND CERTIFICATES
(a) Pilot license:
(1) To act as a pilot of a civil aircraft of Cambodia registry, a pilot shall have in his or her physical
possession or readily accessible in the aircraft a valid pilot license or special purpose
authorisation issued under these regulations.
(2) To act as a pilot of a civil aircraft of foreign registry within Cambodia, a pilot shall be the holder of
a valid pilot license (issued or validated by the State of registry), and have the pilot license in his
or her physical possession or readily accessible in the aircraft.
(b) Flight instructor license: A person who holds a flight instructor license shall have that license, or other
documentation acceptable to the SSCA, in that person’s physical possession or readily accessible in
the aircraft when exercising the privileges of that license.
(c) Other airman license: A person required by any part of these regulations to have an airman’s license
shall have it in their physical possession or readily accessible in the aircraft or at the work site when
exercising the privileges of that license.
(d) Medical certificate: A person required by any part of these regulations to have a current medical
certificate shall have it in their physical possession or readily accessible in the aircraft or at the work
site when exercising the privileges of that certificate.
(e) Pilot School certificate and Aviation Maintenance Technician School certificate: Each holder of a Pilot
School certificate or a provisional Pilot School certificate or Aviation Maintenance Technician School
certificate shall display that certificate in a place in the school that is normally accessible to the public
and that is not obscured. Note: this sub-paragraph may be also applicable for Approved Training
Organization Certificate.
(f) Training Centre Certificate: Each holder of a Training Centre certificate shall prominently display that
certificate in a place accessible to the public in the principal business office of the training centre.
(g) Aircraft Airworthiness Certificate: Each owner or operator of an aircraft shall display that certificate in
the cabin of the aircraft or at the entrance to the aircraft flight deck.
(h) Approved Maintenance Organisation (AMO) Certificate: Each holder of an AMO certificate shall
prominently display that certificate in a place accessible to the public in the principal business office of
the AMO.
(i) Inspection of license: Each person who holds an airman or crewmember license, medical certificate, or
authorisation required by these regulations shall present it for inspection upon a request from:
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(1) The SSCA; or
(2) Any national or local law enforcement officer.
1.2.1.2 CHANGE OF NAME
(a) A holder of a license or certificate issued under these regulations may apply to change the name on a
license or certificate. The holder shall include with any such request—
(1) The current license or certificate; and
(2) A copy of the marriage license, court order, or other document verifying the name change.
(b) The SSCA will return to the airman the documents specified in paragraph (a) of this subsection.
1.2.1.3 CHANGE OF ADDRESS
The holder of an airman license or pilot school, training centre, or aviation maintenance school certificate who
has made a change in permanent mailing address may not, after 30 days from that date, exercise the
privileges of the license or certificate unless the holder has notified the SSCA in writing of the new permanent
mailing address, or current residential address if the permanent mailing address includes a post office box
number.
1.2.1.4 REPLACEMENT OF A LOST OR DESTROYED AIRMAN OR MEDICAL CERTIFICATE OR KNOWLEDGE TEST REPORT
(a) An applicant who has lost or destroyed one of the following documents issued under these regulations
shall request a replacement in writing from the office designated by the SSCA:
(1) An airman license.
(2) A medical certificate.
(3) A knowledge test report.
(b) The airman or applicant shall state in the request letter—
(1) The name of the airman or applicant;
(2) The permanent mailing address, or if the permanent mailing address includes a post office box
number, the person’s current residential address;
(3) The social security number or equivalent national identification number;
(4) The date and place of birth of the airman or applicant; and
(5) Any available information regarding the—
(i) Grade, number, and date of issuance of the license, and the ratings, if applicable;
(ii) Date of the medical examination, if applicable; and
(iii) Date the knowledge test was taken, if applicable.
(c) After receiving a facsimile from the SSCA confirming that the lost or destroyed document was issued,
an airman may carry the facsimile in lieu of the lost or destroyed document for up to 60 days pending
the airman’s receipt of a duplicate document

1.2.1.5 FALSIFICATION, REPRODUCTION, OR ALTERATION OF APPLICATIONS, CERTIFICATES, LOGBOOKS, REPORTS,

OR RECORDS
(a) No person may make or cause to be made concerning any license, certificate, rating, qualification, or
authorisation, application for or duplicate thereof, issued under these regulations:
(1) Any fraudulent or intentionally false statement;
(2) Any fraudulent or intentionally false entry in any logbook, record, or report that these regulations
require, or used to show compliance with any requirement of these regulations;
(3) Any reproduction for fraudulent purpose; or
(4) Any alteration.
(b) Any person who commits any act prohibited under paragraph (a) of this section may have his or her
airman license, rating, certificate, qualification, or authorisation revoked or suspended.
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1.2.1.6 SURRENDER, SUSPENSION, OR REVOCATION OF LICENSE OR CERTIFICATE
(a) Any license or certificate issued under these regulations ceases to be effective if it is surrendered,
suspended, or revoked.
(b) The holder of any license or certificate issued under these regulations that has been suspended or
revoked shall return that license or certificate to the SSCA when requested to do so by the SSCA.
1.2.1.7 REAPPLICATION AFTER REVOCATION
Unless otherwise authorised by the SSCA, a person whose license, certificate, rating, or authorisation has
been revoked may not apply for any license, certificate, rating, or authorisation for 1 year after the date of
revocation.
1.2.1.8 REAPPLICATION AFTER SUSPENSION
Unless otherwise authorised by the SSCA, a person whose license has been suspended may not apply for
any license, rating, or authorisation during the period of suspension.
1.2.1.9 VOLUNTARY SURRENDER OR EXCHANGE OF LICENSE
(a) The holder of a license or certificate issued under these regulations may voluntarily surrender it for:
(1) Cancellation;
(2) Issuance of a lower grade license; or
(3) Another license with specific ratings deleted.
(b) An applicant requesting voluntary surrender of a license shall include the following signed statement or
its equivalent: "This request is made for my own reasons, with full knowledge that my (insert name of
license or rating, as appropriate) may not be reissued to me unless I again pass the tests prescribed for
its issuance."
1.2.1.10 PROHIBITION ON PERFORMANCE DURING MEDICAL DEFICIENCY
(a) A person who holds a current medical certificate issued under these regulations shall not act in a
capacity for which that medical certificate is required while that person:
(1) Knows or has reason to know of any medical condition that would make the person unable to
meet the requirements for the required medical certificate; or
(2) Is taking medication or receiving other treatment for a medical condition that results in the
person being unable to meet the requirements for the required medical certificate.
1.2.1.11 DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING AND REPORTING
(a) An employee who performs any function requiring a license, rating, qualification, or authorisation
prescribed by these regulations directly or by contract for a certificate holder under the provisions of these
regulations may—
(1) Be denied any license, certificate, rating, qualification, or authorisation for a period of up to 1
year after the date of such refusal; and
(2) Have his or her license, certificate, rating, qualification, or authorisation issued under these
regulations suspended or revoked.
(b) Any person subject to these regulations who is convicted for the violation of any local or national statute
relating to the growing, processing, manufacture, sale, disposition, possession, transportation, or
importation of narcotic drugs, marijuana, or depressant or stimulant drugs or substances, may—
(1) Be denied any license, certificate, rating, qualification, or authorisation issued under these
regulations for a period of up to 1 year after the date of final conviction; or
(2) Have his or her license, certificate, rating, qualification, or authorisation issued under these
regulations suspended or revoked.
(c) Any person subject to these regulations who refuses to submit to a test to indicate the percentage by
weight of alcohol in the blood, when requested by a law enforcement officer, or refuses to furnish or to
authorise the release of the test results requested by the SSCA may—
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(3) Be denied any license, certificate, rating, qualification, or authorisation issued under these
regulations for a period of up to 1 year after the date of that refusal; or
(4) Have his or her license, certificate, rating, qualification, or authorisation issued under these
regulations suspended or revoked.

1.3 EXEMPTIONS AND EQUIVALENT SAFTEY CASE

1.3.1.1 APPLICABILITY
(a) This subpart prescribes procedures for the request, review, and denial or issuance of exemptions from the
Regulations of these Parts, as provided by Article 50 of the Law on Civil Aviation of the Kingdom of
Cambodia.
Note : The term “exemptions” also includes exceptions, deviations and prolonged extensions.

1.3.1.2 GENERAL
(a) Any interested person may apply to the SSCA for an exemption from these Regulations.
(b) Only the SSCA may issue exemptions, and no person may take or cause to be taken any action not in
compliance with these Regulations unless the SSCA has issued an applicable exemption to the person.

1.3.1.3 REQUIREMENTS FOR APPLICATION

1.3.1.3.1 GENERAL
(a) Applications for an exemption should be submitted at least 60 days in advance of the proposed effective
date, to obtain timely review.
(b) The request must contain the applicant’s:
(1) Name
(2) Street address and mailing address, if different.
(3) Telephone number
(4) Fax number if available.
(5) Email address if available.
(6) Agent for all purposes related to the application.
(c) If the applicant is not a citizen or legal resident of Cambodia, the application must specify a Cambodian
agent for service.

1.3.1.4 SUBSTANCE OF THE REQUEST FOR EXEMPTION

(a) Applications must contain the following:
(1) A citation of the specific requirement from which the applicant seeks relief;
(2) Description of the type of operations to be conducted under the proposed exemption;
(3) The proposed duration of the exemption;
(4) An explanation of how the exemption would be in the public interest, that is, benefit the public as
a whole.
(5) A detailed description of the alternative means by which the applicant will ensure a level of safety
equivalent to that established by the Regulation in question
(6) A review and discussion of any known safety concerns with the requirement, including
information about any relevant accidents or incidents of which the applicant is aware
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(7) If the applicant seeks to operate under the proposed exemption outside of Cambodian airspace,
the application must also indicate whether the exemption would contravene any provision of the
Standards and Recommended Practices of the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO).
(b) If the applicant seeks emergency processing, the application must contain supporting facts and reasons
that the application was not timely filed, and the reasons it is an emergency. The SSCA may deny an
application if the SSCA finds that the applicant has not justified the failure to apply in a timely fashion.

1.3.1.5 REVIEW, PUBLICATION, AND ISSUE OR DENIAL OF THE EXEMPTION

1.3.1.6 INITIAL REVIEW BY THE AUTHORITY

(a) The Authority will review the application for accuracy and compliance with the requirements of 1.3.1.3
(b) If the application appears on its face to satisfy the provisions of 1.3.1.3 and the SSCA determines that a
review of its merits is justified, the SSCA will publish a detailed summary of the application for comment
and specify the date by which comments must be received by the SSCA for consideration.
(c) If the filing requirements of 1.3.1.3 have not been met, the SSCA will notify the applicant and take no
further action until the applicant complies with the requirements of 1.3.1.3

1.3.1.7 EVALUATION OF THE REQUEST

(a) After initial review, if the filing requirements have been satisfied, the SSCA shall conduct an evaluation of
the request to include:
(1) A determination of whether an exemption would be in the public interest;
(2) A determination, after a technical evaluation, of whether the applicant’s proposal would provide a
level of safety equivalent to that established by the Regulation;
(i) If it appears to the SSCA that a technical evaluation of the request would impose a
significant burden on the SSCA’s technical resources, the SSCA may deny the
exemption on that basis.
(3) A determination, if the applicant seeks to operate under the exemption outside of Cambodian
airspace, of whether a grant of the exemption would contravene the applicable ICAO Standards
and Recommended Practices.
(4) An evaluation of comments received from interested parties concerning the proposed exemption.
(5) A recommendation, based on the preceding elements, of whether the request should be granted
or denied, and of any conditions or limitations that should be part of the exemption.

1.3.1.8 NOTIFICATION OF DETERMINATION

(a) The SSCA shall notify the applicant by letter and publish a detailed summary of its evaluation and
decision to grant or deny the request. The summary shall specify the duration of the exemption and any
conditions or limitations to the exemption.
(b) If the request is for emergency relief, the SSCA will publish the application and/or the SSCA’s decision as
soon as possible after processing the application.
(c) If the exemption affects a significant population of the aviation community of Cambodia the Authority shall
also publish the summary in its aeronautical information publications.

1.3.1.9 EXTENSION OF THE EXEMPTION TO OTHER INTERESTED PARTIES

(a) If the SSCA determines that an exemption should be granted, other persons or organisations may apply to
the Authority to be included in the relief granted.
(b) Such applications shall be in accordance with the requirements of 1.3.1.3
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(c) If the SSCA determines that the request merits extension of the exemption to the applicant, it shall notify
the applicant by letter, specifying the duration of the exemption, and listing any additional conditions that
may pertain to the applicant that are not addressed in the underlying exemption.
1.4 REVOCATION, SUSPENSION AND VARIATION OF CERTIFICATES, LICENSES AND
OTHER DOCUMENTS
1.4.1.1 The Head of SSCA or any authorized person may, if he thinks fit, provisionally suspend any certificate, licence,
approval, permission, exemption, authorisation or other documents issued, granted or having effect under this
CCAR pending investigation of the case.
1.4.1.2 The Head of SSCA any authorized person may, on sufficient ground being shown to his satisfaction after due
inquiry, revoke, suspend or vary any such certificate, licence, approval, permission, exemption, authorisation
or other document.
1.4.1.3 The holder or any person having the possession or custody of any certificate, licence, approval, permission,
exemption or other document which has been revoked, suspended or varied under this CCAR shall surrender
it to the Head of SSCA within a reasonable time after being required to do so by him.
1.4.1.4 The breach of any condition subject to which any certificate, licence, approval, permission, exemption or other
document has been granted or issued under this CCAR shall render the document invalid during the
continuance of the breach.
1.4.1.5 The Head of SSCA may, on sufficient ground being shown to his satisfaction after due inquiry, revoke,
suspend or vary any such certificate, licence, approval, permission, exemption, authorisation or other
document.
1.4.1.6 The holder or any person having the possession or custody of any certificate, licence, approval, permission,
exemption or other document which has been revoked, suspended or varied under this CCAR shall surrender
it to the Head of SSCA within a reasonable time after being required to do so by him.
1.4.1.7 The breach of any condition subject to which any certificate, licence, approval, permission, exemption or other
document has been granted or issued under this CCAR shall render the document invalid during the
continuance of the breach.

1.5 OFFENCES IN RELATION TO DOCUMENTS AND RECORDS.

1.5.1 A person shall not with intent to deceive —

(a) use any certificate, licence, approval, permission, exemption, authorisation or other document issued or
required by or under this CCAR which has been forged, altered, revoked or suspended or to which he is
not entitled;
(b) lend any certificate, licence, approval, permission, exemption, authorisation or other document issued or
required by or under this CCAR to or allow it to be used by any other person; or
(c) make any false representation for the purpose of procuring for himself or any other person the grant,
issue, renewal, or variation of any such certificate, license, approval, permission, authorization,
exemption, or any other document and in this paragraph a reference to a certificate, license, approval,
permission, exemption, authorization or any other document including a copy or purported copy thereof.

1.5.2 A person shall not willfully mutilate, alter or render illegible any log book or other record required by or under this
CCAR to be maintained or any entry made therein, or knowingly make, or procure or assist in the making of, any
false entry in or material omission from any such log book or record or destroy any such log book or record during
the period for which it is required under this CCAR to be preserved.

1.5.3 All entries made in writing in any log book and record referred to in sub-paragraph (2) shall be in ink or indelible pencil.

1.5.4 A person shall not willfully or negligently make in a load sheet any entry which is incorrect in any material
particular, or any material omission from such a load sheet.
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1.5.5 A person shall not purport to issue any certificate for the purposes of this CCAR or requirements notified
thereunder unless he is authorised to do so under this CCAR.

1.5.6 A person shall not issue any such certificate as aforesaid unless he has satisfied himself that all statements in the
certificate are correct.

1.6 AVIATION SAFETY INSPECTORS

1.6.1 APPLICABILITY

(a) This subpart outlines the delegation of responsibility and authority of the SSCA to ensure compliance with
the aviation safety regulations.

1.6.2 DESIGNATE AVIATION SAFETY INSPECTORS

(a) The SSCA may designate aviation safety inspectors to conduct functions on their behalf. The aviation
safety inspectors assigned by the SSCA shall have the status of authorised persons under these
regulations and shall be issued a unique credential for the performance of their functions. All inspection
performance and reports shall be informed to the head of SSCA in due course.
(b) Inspection, checking and oversight can be done at any time (periodic or random) and location where
there is aircraft operation, training and other activities relate to applicability scope of this Cambodian Civil
Aviation Regulations (CCARs) as followed:
(1) Any private or public location where the aircraft is parked to check or any documents in
accordance to the CCARs;
(2) Any airport can be checked or any aircraft in the airport or any documents in accordance to the
CCARs.
(3) Any aircraft, cockpit during the operation can be checked, or any aircraft components and check
flight crew members perform duty.
(c) No person may possess or use these aviation safety inspector credentials unless he is:
(1) Employed by the SSCA to perform the functions of inspection and safety oversight; and
(2) Using the credential in the performance of a specific function of the flight safety oversight of the
SSCA.
(d) For the purpose of exercising his responsibilities under these Regulations, the authorized person shall
carry at all times the means of identification specified in paragraph (b).

1.6.3 POWERS OF AVIATION SAFETY INSPECTORS

(a) An authorised person has the power as delegated by the SSCA to:
(1) Carry out audits or surveillance activities;
(2) Enter and inspect any aerodrome, hangers, AMOs, workshops, ramps, fuel storage, air operator
offices, cargo handling areas, aviation training organizations or other place (at which an aircraft is
located or stored), aircraft or any organization performing tasks and services related to aviation
safety;
(3) Inspect any aircraft, aircraft equipment, components, materials, air navigation services facilities,
personnel or crew members for the purpose of ensuring compliance with the aviation safety
regulations;
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(4) Require any person to produce documents or any other article subject to the aviation safety
regulations;
(5) Require any person to produce copy any certificate, license, logbook, document or record
pursuant to these Regulations.
(6) Inspect and copy any certificate, approvals, authorizations, permits, manuals, procedures,
technical files, personnel files, personnel licences, license, logbook, document or record pursuant
to these Regulations and any directions issued thereunder to require to be produced;
(7) Detain the flying of an aircraft in the interest of public safety when an imminent safety of flight
situation exists regarding the airworthiness of the aircraft and operational capability of its crew;
report immediately to the SSCA and
(8) Re-examinations, evaluations, inspections, investigations, tests, experiments, and flight trials to
be made as deemed necessary to ensure compliance with the aviation safety regulations;
(b) No person may intentionally obstruct or impede any authorized person acting in the exercise of his/her
powers or the performance of his/her duties under these aviation safety regulations (CCARs).
(c) No person shall intentionally obstruct or impede any authorized person from accessing, inspecting or
copying documents subject to the aviation safety regulations (CCARs).

1.6.4 RIGHT OF ACCESS FOR INSPECTION

(a) The Aviation safety inspectors (authorized person) may conduct inspections, investigations and
observations at any time and place that aircraft operations, maintenance, training and other activities
subject to these aviation regulations are in progress
(b) Authorized person shall be given free and uninterrupted right of access:
(1) To any place, whether public or private, where an aircraft is located for the purpose of inspecting
the aircraft or any document subject to the CCARs;
(2) To any aerodrome for the purpose of inspecting the aerodrome or any aircraft on the aerodrome
or any document subject to the aviation safety regulations;
(3) To any aircraft and flight deck compartment, for the purpose of checking while in flight:
(i) Performance of the aircraft or any of its equipment; and
(ii) The efficiency of flight crew members in the performance of their duties.
(c) No person may intentionally obstruct or impede any authorized person from access to the locations
specified in paragraph (b).

1.6.5 PROVISION OF DOCUMENTS FOR INSPECTIONS

(d) Any documents and reports specified by relevant Parts of this set of aviation regulations shall be provided
to aviation safety inspector (authorized person) upon his/her request for such information.
(e) Each person involved or participating in an aviation activity shall, within a reasonable time after being
requested to do so by an authorized person, provide the licenses, certificates and documents which he is
required to have, carry, complete or preserve during the course of his activities.
(f) For the purpose of this subsection, a reasonable time for considered to be:
(1) At the time of the request, for documents required to be:
(i) Carried on the person; or
(ii) On board the aircraft during flight;
(2) During normal business hours, documents required to be:
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(i) Completed and retained at airport;
(ii) Completed and retained at the administrative facilities; or

1.7 POWER TO PREVENT AIRCRAFT FLYING.

1.7.1 If it appears to the Head of SSCA or an authorised person that any aircraft is intended or likely to be flown —

(a) in such circumstances that any provision of article 19 of the Cambodian Civil Aviation Law, paragraphs 4.2
,4.3 , 5.4 , 8.4 , 8.14.3, 8.6.2.16, 10.3 of the CCARs as well the Air Operator Certificate Requirements
(AOCR) would be contravened in relation to the flight;
(b) in such circumstances that the flight would be in contravention of any other provision of this CCAR or any
regulations made thereunder and be a cause of danger to any person or property whether or not in the
aircraft; or
(c) while in a condition unfit for the flight, whether or not the flight would otherwise be in contravention of any
provision of this CCAR or of any regulations made thereunder,
the Head of SSCA or that authorised person may direct the operator or the commander of the aircraft that he is not
to permit the aircraft to make the particular flight or any other flight of such description as may be specified in the
direction, until the direction has been revoked by the Head of SSCA or by an authorised person, and the Head of
SSCA or that authorised person may take such steps as are necessary to detain the aircraft.

1.8 ENFORCEMENT OF DIRECTIONS.

1.8.1 General
Any person who fails to comply with any direction given to him/her by the head of SSCA or by any authorised
person under any provision of Law or CCARs or any regulations made or requirements notified thereunder shall
be deemed for the purposes of Law or CCARs to have contravened that provision.

1.8.2 Commensurate, Firm and Consistent Sanctions:

(a) Sanctions shall be commensurate with the seriousness of the violation, the level of danger
posed to safety as well as the culpability of the offender. Sanctions imposed must be seen to be
firm, fair and consistent.

(b) Sanctions against an individual vs an organisation. Sanctions should be considered against the
employer if the individual violator was operating under a process or procedure approved by his
employer. The individual violator shall not be absolved if he was aware that the process or
procedures would not achieve the required level of safety or would contravene a SSCA
regulation or requirement.

(c) The range of sanctions available include:

• Counselling and/or verbal warning
• Re-examination/re-testing and/or re-training Letters of warning
• Variations to certificates and
• Suspension of certificates/licences
• Revocation of certificates/licences
• Grounding of aircraft Prosecution

1.8.3 Civil Penalties

(a) Any person, other than a person conducting an operation in commercial air transport or international
commercial air transport, who violates any provision of the Law on Civil Aviation, these Aviation Safety
Regulations, or any order issued thereunder, is subject to a civil penalty imposed by SSCA.
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(b) Any person conducting an operation in commercial air transport or international commercial air transport,
who violates any provision of the Law on Civil Aviation, these Aviation Safety Regulations, or any order
issued thereunder, is subject to a civil penalty imposed by SSCA.
(c) Any person, who fails to comply with the requirements imposed by Article 19 of the Law on Civil Aviation
and CCARs Part 22, shall be given a fine ranging from 10 million riels to 20 million riels in Cambodian
currency.
1.8.4 Criminal Penalties
(a) Chapter 10 of the Law on Civil Aviation establishes criminal penalties for any person who knowingly and
willfully violates specified provisions of that Law.
1.9 APPROVAL OF PERSONS TO FURNISH REPORTS.
In relation to any of its functions pursuant to any of the provisions of this CCAR, the head of SSCA may, either
absolutely or subject to such conditions as he thinks fit, approve a person as qualified to furnish reports to him and
may accept such reports.

1.10 RIGHT OF ACCESS TO AERODROMES AND OTHER PLACES.

The Head of SSCA and any authorised person shall have the right of access at all reasonable times —

(a) to any aerodrome, for the purpose of inspecting the aerodrome; or

(b) to any aerodrome for the purpose of inspecting any aircraft on the aerodrome or any document which he
has power to demand under this CCAR, or for the purpose of detaining any aircraft under the provisions of
this CCAR; and
(c) to any place where an aircraft has landed, for the purpose of inspecting the aircraft or any document
which he has power to demand under this CCAR and for the purpose of detaining the aircraft under the
provisions of this CCAR.
1.11 APPROVAL OF PERSONS TO CONDUCT AERODROME SAFETY INSPECTIONS
1.11.1 When and where necessary, the Head of SSCA shall approve a person to conduct aerodrome safety
inspections within the framework of Part 12 of these regulations if the person:
(a) has:
(1) a recognised degree, diploma or certificate in civil engineering, surveying or a related field and a
sound knowledge of the parts of these Regulations and the standards, practices and procedures
that are applicable to the operation and maintenance of aerodromes; and
(2) successfully followed a training course on Aerodrome Certification and a training course on
Safety Management Systems. The training organisations and courses syllabus must have
received the approval of the SSCA
(3) other qualifications, knowledge and experience that the SSCA considers suitable for conducting
an aerodrome safety inspection; and
(b) would, if the approval is given, be able to perform properly the aerodrome safety inspection function.

1.11.2 The Head of the SSCA may suspend or cancel an approval of a person conducting inspections if:
(a) the person is assigned other duties in which his inspection capabilities are no longer necessary.
(b) the person has not properly carried out or is no longer properly carrying out the aerodrome safety
inspection function.