UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA

INSTITUTO DE LETRAS – IL
DEPARTAMENTO DE LÍNGUAS ESTRANGEIRAS E TRADUÇÃO – LET
142573 – Inglês Instrumental 2 Prof. Julwaity Cardoso Neto
2º Semestre 2017

PHRASAL VERBS (VERBOS FRASAIS) – 2

5. Alguns phrasal verbs apresentam partículas que servem apenas para indicar que a ação está
completa ou para reforçar/enfatizar o sentido do verbo. Este verbo é frequentemente formado
com a partícula up. Exemplos:

cut up – eliminar
burn up - queimar
mix up – misturar

Observações:

A) Quando o objeto é longo, evita-se separar os componentes dos phrasal verbs, uma vez
que isto dificultaria a compreensão:

Yesterday the teacher pointed out problems related to phrasal verbs. / Yesterday the
teacher pointed problems related to phrasal verbs out. (Ontem a professora apontou
problemas relacionados aos phrasal verbs.)

Apesar de estar gramaticalmente correta, a segunda oração poderia apresentar problemas

práticos de compreensão.

B) Quando não soubermos se o phrasal verb é separável ou não, poderemos fazer uso das
seguintes dicas para evitar erros:

1 - Evitar o emprego de objetos pronominais, principalmente em phrasal verbs idiomáticos,

aqueles em que não podemos deduzir seu significado total analisando separadamente as
partes que o compõem;
2 - Phrasal verbs literais são geralmente separáveis;
3 - Phrasal verbs que indicam ações completas, concluídas ou reforçam/enfatizam o sentido
do verbo são geralmente separáveis.

Diferenças entre Phrasal Verbs e Prepositional Verbs

A principal diferença entre phrasal verbs e prepositional verbs se dá no plano sintático:

quando transitivos, os phrasal verbs exigem a colocação do objeto entre o verbo e a partícula
(advérbio ou preposição) sempre que o objeto for um pronome, ao passo que os prepositional
verbs não permitem a colocação do objeto entre o verbo e a preposição. Exemplos:

Phrasal Verb: They called up Tedd. = They called Tedd up. = They called him up. (Eles
telefonaram para o Tedd / ele.)
Logo, os Phrasal verbs transitivos são considerados verbos SEPARÁVEIS.

Prepositional Verb: They called on Tedd. = They called on him. (Eles visitaram o Tedd. / Eles
o visitaram.)
Logo, os prepositional verbs são considerados verbos INSEPARÁVEIS.
Quanto ao plano semântico, o significado dos prepositional verbs pode, muitas vezes, ser
deduzido a partir das partes que os compõem. O significado dos phrasal verbs, no entanto,
dificilmente pode ser deduzido dessa mesma maneira. Ex.: give = dar; give up = desistir,
"largar de mão". Sendo assim, para entender o significado dos phrasal verbs, é bom analisar o
contexto em que ele está sendo usado.

Outros exemplos de phrasal verbs:

grow (aumentar); grow up (crescer)
take (pegar); take after (parecer)
count (contar); count on (confiar)

6. Os phrasal verbs são quase sempre verbos transitivos com partículas. Seguem alguns verbos
comuns e suas partículas mais frequentes:

bring: about, along, back, forward, in, off, out, round, up

buy: out, up
call: off, up
carry: off, out
cut: back, down, off, out, up
give: away, back, off
hand: back, down, in, on out, over, round
knock: down, out, over
leave: behind, out
let: down, in, off, out
pass: down, over, round
point: out
push: about, around, over
put: across, away, down, forward, off, on, out, through, together, up
read: out
set: apart, aside, back, down
shut: away, in, off, out
take: apart, away, back, down, in, on, up, over
think: over, through, up
EXERCÍCIOS

A. Complete o verbo frasal com a preposição adequada.

1. Someone in this class broke the window. The entire class will be punished unless the
person who did this steps __________ now. (on / forward / down)
2. The manager decided to step ________ to allow a more qualified candidate to take his
position. (up / forward / aside / in)
3. Charles and Steve had been arguing for hours. When they started pushing each other, I
had to step ______ to prevent a physical fight. (in / out / around / down)
4. We were weeks behind schedule and our manager was on vacation. Larry decided to step
_____ and take charge of the team. He gave us all tasks and deadlines and we managed
to get the project done just in time. (up / on / on it / around)
5. After the news of corruption in government, the protesters demanded that the president
step __________. (in / around / back / down)
6. If you can't solve a problem, perhaps you should take a moment to step ________. You
might realize your mistake. (on / out / back / down)
7. Experienced politicians are experts at stepping __________ questions that they don't
want to answer. (out / on it / in / around)
8. This project is due in two days and you're way behind. You'd better step _________! (on
/ on it / it out / up)
9. We've all been working hard today. Let's step ______ for a few minutes and grab lunch.
(around / out / in / up)
10. Jimmy was the youngest CEO the company has ever had. He was very careful not to step
_____ the toes of his senior managers who were all much older than him. (around / in /
down / on)

B. Complete as frases com as preposições abaixo

after – at – back – on – down – forward to – in – out – round – through – up – into

1. Henry looked ____________ the magazine quickly.

2. Look ______! There's a bus coming! It is going to hit you!
3. Did the doctor look _________ your leg?
4. She looked _________ from her book when she heard the noise.
5. We were looking ____________ the shops when we were in Ashville.
6. They are looking ____________ meeting their friends.
7. How do you feel when you look ___________ your childhood?
8. John has to look __________ his younger brother.
9. Our boss looks ____________ some people in his firm.
10. Look ____________ when you are in town again.

Para mais informações e exercícios, clique em:

https://www.engvid.com/10-step-phrasal-verbs-in-english/