Coronary Artery Disease By Sydney Stansell

Background Information Current Research

• As a result of poor diet and lack of exercise, plaque starts to stick to the walls lining your • Based off of current research, patients
blood vessels. This plaque is a combination of cholesterol, fat, and other substances. It participating in regular physical
builds up over time. exercise and low-fat diet, coronary
• This buildup makes arteries become harder and more narrow. Because the artery is now artery disease progresses at a slower
narrow, it is more difficult for blood to flow freely through the human body. pace compared with a control group on
• People with Coronary Artery Disease can range from no symptoms, to chest pain, to a usual care
heart attack. • Also based off of a research study,
CABG remains the standard of care for
patients with three-vessel or left main
Relevance to Public Treatment and Therapies coronary artery disease, since the use
• Treatments include lifestyle changes (dietary and physical activity), medications, of CABG resulted in lower rates of the
Health angioplasty, stent placement, and surgery combined end point of major adverse
• Very common in the US due to poor • Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery, or CABG, is one of the most common cardiac or cerebrovascular events at 1
diet and lack of exercise (More than 3 surgeries performed on someone diagnosed with coronary artery disease. year.
million cases a year in the United
States)
• It mostly affects the older populations
because it is a collection of plaque that
is built up over years and years of poor
dietary habits and lack of physical
activity
• In men, the risk for coronary heart
disease increases starting at age 45. In
women, the risk for coronary heart
disease increases starting at age 55.
References
• 2013 ESC guidelines on the management of stable coronary artery disease. (2013). European Heart Journal, 34(38), 2949-3003. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht296
• Fischman, D. L., Leon, M. B., Baim, D. S., Schatz, R. A., Savage, M. P., & Penn, I. (1994, August 25). A Randomized Comparison of Coronary-Stent Placement and Balloon Angioplasty in the Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease — NEJM. Retrieved October 12, 2017,
from http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejm199408253310802#t
• Schuler, G., Hambrecht, R., Schlierf, G., Niebauer, J., Hauer, K., Neumann, J., . . . Grunze, M. (1992). Regular physical exercise and low-fat diet. Effects on progression of coronary artery disease. Circulation, 86(1), 1-11. doi:10.1161/01.cir.86.1.1.
• Gersh, B. (2010). Percutaneous Coronary Intervention versus Coronary-Artery Bypass Grafting for Severe Coronary Artery Disease. Yearbook of Cardiology, 2010, 379-381. doi:10.1016/s0145-4145(09)79778-3