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Sample- MM Business Blue Print Document for
Chemicals/ Polymers for New Consultants
August 26, 2017 | 2,062 Views |

shivakkumar Geetha venkatesan

more by this author
MM (Materials Management)
ManufacturingSD (Sales and Distribution) logisticssapsap mmsap ppsap sd
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Sample:- MM Business Blue Print Document for Chemicals/ Polymers.

Business Blue print Document preparation is the second phase in SAP ASAP METHODOLOGY. it is
requires complete understanding of client business Process after details study of their Process and
also the Outcome of AS-IS/ TO-BE steps. it is very crucial step in every project Phase and it is
requires high skill efficiency, Clear listening and understanding of the Process and good planning on
further phases. I hope expertised consultants will agree this and if failure or mis-out in blue print will
also have an impact in next consecutive phases in Project and finally we cannot achieve
success.even i can say failure in Blue Printing will made many projects failure. so requesting careful
study of the process and details given in this blog. I have given here Business process, Master Data,
Assumption, Gaps, ABAP Developments- Forms & Reports. This is again framed for New
Consultants in SAP and experts already known to it. this blog is just a sample to uderstand the Blue
Print Document Preparation.

1.Introduction
1.1 Objective of this report
The report initially gives an overview of the Materials management Module purview along with CIN
and Warehouse Management. This would essentially help in defining the boundaries of the module
and also in identifying the activities to be performed within Materials management Module in SAP.
Subsequently, the report discusses in detail, the proposed coverage of SAP at ZZZ, in terms of
organisational entities and business processes. Each business process has been described with all
the variations. The authorisation requirements would be identified and configured during the
configuration phase.

1.2 Organization Overview

ZZZ Group SAP implementation spans the following two group companies:

 ZZZ Chemicals Limited

 ZZZ Polymers Limited

1.2.1 About ZZZ Chemicals

ZZZ Chemicals Ltd. is in the business of manufacturing and marketing of petroleum products
It serves the following market segments:

 The industrial market consisting of industrial users of oils who buy the products in bulk on
regular basis. These include private sector as well as public sector companies.
 The retail market consisting of small users of oils to whom products are sold through multiple
levels of demand chain (C&F Agents, Dealers and Retailers).
 Export market

The product categories of ZZZ are:

Specialty oils, with a focus on Industrial customers, consisting of:

 Transformer oils
 Light Liquid Paraffin
 Heavy Liquid Paraffin
 White Oils
 Speciality Oils
 Lube Oils with a focus on retail users

 ZZZ has about 350 stock keeping units, consisting of Product, Grade, Brand and Pack
size.ZZZ’s business units are:
 Head office in BANGALORE
 Two factories – HYDERABAD & CALCUTTA
 One packing unit at BANGALORE
  Five branch offices
 About 40 C&F Agents spread all over India.

1.2.2 About ZZZ Polymers

ZZZ Polymers Ltd. is situated in Coimbatore and in engaged in the business of manufacturing and
selling petroleum products and polymers catering to the requirement of telecom industry,
pharmaceutical & cosmetic industry as well as manufacturing emulsifiable waxes & emulsions for
textile industry. Presently about 80% of the turnover is for Export products viz.: CFC, Transformer
Oils, White Oil and Petroleum Jelly. The domestic market demand involves emulsifiable wax BW 3xx
and small quantities of CFC, Petroleum Jelly and Optical Fibre Jelly. SPL employs about 75 people.

1.3 Materials Management at zzz

The Material Management Module has multiple processes broadly divided into Procurement, Good
Receipt and Inventory Management across businesses in ZZZ Group.

Purchasing is a component of Materials Management (MM). The Materials Management (MM)

module is fully integrated with the other modules of the SAP System. It supports all the phases of
materials management: materials planning and control, purchasing, goods receiving, inventory
management, and invoice verification

The purchasing module deals with the:

 External procurement of materials and services

 Determination of possible sources of supply for a requirement identified by the materials
planning and control system or arising directly within a user department
 Purchasing communicates with other modules in the SAP System to ensure a constant flow
of information. For example, it works side by side with the following modules like Controlling
(CO), Financial Accounting (FI), Sales and Distribution (SD), Quality Control (QM).

Inventory Management component of Material management deals with the following tasks:

 Management of material stocks on a quantity and value basis

 Planning, Entry, and Documentation of all Goods Movements
 Carrying out the Physical Inventory.

Logistics Invoice Verification is a part of Materials Management (MM). It is situated at the end of the
logistics supply chain that includes Purchasing, Inventory Management, and Invoice Verification. It is
in Logistics Invoice Verification that incoming invoices are verified in terms of their content, prices,
and arithmetic. When the invoice is posted, the invoice data is saved in the system. The system
updates the data saved in the invoice documents in Materials Management and Financial
Accounting.
Business Process Scope:
The Materials Management (MM) module will cover the following business processes:
Organization Structure (Related to Materials)

Consumption Based MRP – Planning of material either based on Reorder Point or Forecast based.
Purchase Requisition Processing – Generation of Requisitions for materials and services based on
MRP, Real time (manual), sales order and projects.
RFQ/Quotation Processing – Generation of Request for Quotation (RFQ), Quotation processing and
comparison.
Purchase Order Processing – Creating Purchase Orders (PO) for materials and services with
respect to PR, Quotation, Contracts, direct PO, Stock Transfer Order, Sub-Contracting, Releasing
the PO to vendors.

Vendor Evaluation – Vendor Evaluation based on Quality and reliability parameters.

Inventory Management – Managing material receipt, Issues and transfers in the plants, and Physical
Inventory.
Inventory Valuation – Material Valuation based on moving average price and standard price based
on inventory transactions.
Invoice Verification – Bill passing for the vendors for materials and services, Credit Note.

2. Organizational elements in ZZZ (MM)

Normally we have org structure Diagram in Blue Print. Here i have not used the Diagram
2.1.1 Plants
The Plant is an operating area within a company where there is stock movement. Each of the
manufacturing locations and A & B locations shall be identified as a Plant in SAP. For the purposes
of valuation of inventory at ZZZ Group, the Plant is defined as the Valuation Level within SAP where
materials will be valued.

The plant is embedded in the organizational structure as follows:

The Plant is assigned to a single Company code. A Company code can have several plants. As ZZZ
has two companies i.e. ZZZ Chemical and ZZZ Polymer each companies will have their own set of
Plants.
Several Storage Locations in which material stocks are managed can belong to a plant. A plant can
have one or more storage locations.

A Plant can be assigned to several combinations of Sales Organisation and Distribution Channel.
A Plant can have several Shipping Points. A Shipping Point can be assigned to several Plants A
plant has an Address, Language, and Country.
A plant has its own material master data. You can maintain data at plant level for the following views
on a material master record in particular: MRP, Purchasing, Storage, Work scheduling, Production
resources/tools, Forecasting, Quality management, Sales, Accounting and Costing.
The plant plays an important role in Material Valuation, Inventory Management, MRP, Production,
and Costing & Plant Maintenance.

The list of plants attached to ZZZ Chemicals Limited as under:

ZZZ Chemicals
Trichy Plant – 1100
Chennai Plant – 1200
Salem Plant – 1300

Outside Storage – 1400

Delhi Branch – 1500

8 Windmills – 1701 – 1708

43 A & B Locations – 1601 – 1643

Head Office – 1800

The list of plants attached to ZZZ Polymers Company is as under:

ZZZ
mohali Plant – 2100
SSSS Plant – 2200
Head Office – 2300

Outside Location – 2400

Dependencies
One additional logical plant of Head office has to be created as the procurement activities for ZZZ
chemical and ZZZ polymer is handled centrally from head office.

SSSS Plant 2200 attached to company ZZZ will be used only for managing initial assets and
inventory. Transactions for this plant will not be mapped.
The procurement of administrative and Service items at head office will have to be identified as per
the companies.
All the material stored in the outside locations will have to be identified as per the company code and
will be accounted in one Plant for each company code i.e. Outside Locations

For identification of stock at various Storage Locations and tanks within the storage locations will
done through ware house management.

As materials are stored at A&B and each A&B has its own valuation, the same will be created as
Plants.

2.1.2 Purchase Organizations

A Purchase Organization is an organizational unit within logistics in SAP R/3, which subdivides an
enterprise to facilitate efficient and effective Purchasing. A Purchase Organization procures
materials and services, negotiates conditions of purchase with vendors, and bears responsibility for
such transactions.

A Purchasing Organization can be divided into several purchasing groups that are responsible for
different operational areas. Each purchasing organization has its own –

 Vendor Master Data

 Purchase Info Records

 Conditions for Pricing

Purchasing Organisation for ZZZ Group: ZZZ group will have one Central Purchase Organisation
which will be responsible for procurement for ZZZ Chemical and ZZZ Polymers.
ZZZ Group will also have plant wise Decentralised Purchase Organisation to cater miscellaneous
procurement handled independently by each plant.
T001 – Central Purchase Org (handled by Head office)

C001 – Decentralised P org for Trichy

C002 – Decentralised P org for Chennai

C003 – Decentralised P org for Salem

C003 – Central P org for ZZZ

P001 – Decentralised P org for Coimbatore

These purchasing organisations will cater to all the procurement activities required for the plants.
For example all the plant specific raw materials/spares/tools etc. will be bought by the plant
procurement department using the respective purchasing organisation.

2.1.3 Purchasing Groups

The purchasing organisation is further subdivided into purchasing groups (buyer groups), which are
responsible for day-to-day buying activities. A purchasing group is an entity, which communicates
with the vendor.

The purchasing group is internally responsible for the procurement of a material or an external
service and as a rule the principal channel for a company’s dealings with its vendors.

Purchasing groups for ZZZ Group

H01 – Imports – Presently the person Responsible are Mr xxxxl and yyyyy
H02 – RM Domestic, Packing and Transport – Presently the person responsible Mr cccc

H03 – Engineering & capital & consumables purchase – Presently the person responsible
Mr ffffff

H04 – For administrative purchases

P01 – Trichy Plant – Presently the person responsible is Plant Head Trichy
P02 – Salem Plant – Presently the person responsible is Plant Head Salem
P03 – Mangalore Plant – Presently the person responsible is Plant Head Mangalore

P03 – Madras Plant – Presently the person responsible is Plant Head Madras.

2.1.4 Storage Locations

A storage location is the place where stock is physically kept within a plant.
A storage location has the following attributes:

 There shall one or more storage locations within a plant.

 A storage location has its code and description.
 It is possible to store material data specific to a storage location.
 Stocks are managed only on a quantity basis and not on a value basis at storage location
level.
 Physical inventories are carried out at storage location level.
 Storage location are always created for a plant.

Storage Locations for ZZZ Group are

Plant Trichy 1100

S007 OIL-1 Tank Area

S008 Near Weigh BRIDGE.

S009 PM Speciality Open

S010 Scrap

S011 Rejected Speciality

S012 Rejected Lubes.

S013 Engineering Stores

S014 R&D

S015 TO Godown.

S016 Lube Plant

S017 Lube open

S018 New warehouse I

S019 New warehouse 2

Plant: Chennai 1200

S101 Scrap

S102 Rejected

S103 Engineering Stores

S104 Trading Stores

S105 FG/PM Stores

S106 Returnable Stores.

Plant: Salem 1300

S204 Unit No. 1

S205 Unit No. 2

S206 Rear end road

S207 New BSR -Road

S208 Area OPP .to Unit I & II

S209 Unit NO.2

S210 Unit NO. 1

S211 Engg. Stores

S212 Utility Block

S213 Scrap

Dependencies
Each plant will have minimum one storage location to monitor inventory related transaction
For ZZZ company

 Delhi Plant, A & B Plants, Wind Mill Plants and HO will have one Storage location each

For ZZZ company

 Salem Plant and HO will have one storage location.

2.1.5 Warehouse
The Warehouse Management (WM) application provides flexible, automated support to assist you in
processing all goods movements and in maintaining current stock inventories in your warehousing
complex.
WM supports warehousing processes by making it possible for you to
  Define and manage complex warehousing structures
 Optimize material flow using advanced put away and picking techniques
 Process goods receipts, goods issues and stock transfers quickly and easily

For ZZZ Group Ware house structure is as follows:

Assumptions

1. In ZZZ Group Ware House Management will activated only for Tanks in the respective
plants.
2. All the tanks will be created as BIN.

1.Process Architecture
3 Material Master
The material master contains information on all the materials that a company procures or produces,
stores, and sells. It is the company’s central source for retrieving material-specific data. This
information is stored in individual material master records.

Material master is integrated with

 Material Management
 Production Planning
 Sales and Distribution
 Accounting and Controlling

Creation of material code is always with reference to the material type for which it is created Material
number generation is at the Level of Material Type.

 Each material type will be identified with a different number range series.
 Uniform material codification has to be maintained across all the plants of ZZZ
 Material code has to be maintained on which CENVAT is allowed as per CIN requirement.

3.1.1 The material types identified for ZZZ

 Raw Materials
 Stores and Spares
 Packing Material
 Semi-Finished goods (Intermediate Goods)
 Finished goods
 Scrap
 Trading goods
 Engineering for capital goods
 Administration

3.1.2 Assumptions
1. ZZZ will follow the external numbering for material codification system.
2. The numbering will be restricted to maximum 6 characters
 3. Material Code will unique across all plants
4. Raw material e.g. Base oil will be batch managed
5. Raw Material, Stores and Spares, Packing Material and Trading Goods will have Moving
Average Price (MAP)
6. Semi Finished, Finished and Scraps goods will have Standard Price (SP)
7. If the same material is sourced from local and foreign vendors, it will have a separate code
and valuations
8. Bonded and Ex-bonded material will have a unique code and hence one valuation
9. Each material type will have a valuation class and a G/L A/c linked to it for inventory
postings.

3.1.3 Unit of Measurement

Following Units of measurement can be maintained in material master.

 Base Unit of Measurement

 Sales Unit of measurement
 Ordering Unit of measurement
 Issue Unit of measurement

For any entry of UOM other than base unit of measurement, a conversion factor with respect to the
base UOM will have to be maintained. At The material transactions the appropriate conversion will
be carried out. For e.g. base UOM is KG however Issue UOM is L & the Conversion rate is 1kg=2L
then if 100kg of material is issued the stock will be reduced by 200L.The stock overview report can
be seen in both UOM’s.

SAP standard reports provide the information in the Base Unit of Measurement.
The relation between base unit of measure and alternative unit of measure has to be identified
properly and relationship will be unique for the material. The material cannot have multiple values for
an alternative unit of measure with respect to the base unit of measure.

For ZZZ

Base oils the base unit of measurement will be Litres.

The base UOM will be unique for a material for all the plants.

3.2 Vendor Master

Vendor shall be created for the Purchasing Organisation and company code wherein it’s going to be
used. The various Account groups, which shall be used to create a vendor, are:

 Domestic Vendors
 Import Vendors
 Service Vendors
 Employees
 FI vendors
 For advanced licence tracking

3.2.1 Assumptions
1. Vendor numbering will be alpha-numeric linked to Account Groups and the number ranges
will be externally generated with separate no. range assigned to various account groups
 2. If a vendor is supplying from multiple location, separate vendor codes shall be created for
each of the vendor location.
3. Dummy Vendors will be created for each of the Advance License. A separate reconciliation
account will be identified for these type of vendors created per advance license
4. The vendors are maintained at company code and purchasing organisation level and cannot
be identified by plant level.

3.3 Batch Management

Certain raw materials in stores be batch managed. For these materials, batch numbering shall be
externally assigned. Material having similar characteristics but slight difference in specifications shall
be managed with activation of batch management.

Batch will be at plant level, while transferring the material from one plant to another; same batch
number shall be identified at the receiving plant.

Batches will be identified manually during issue. There will be no batch for SFG. All FG’s except
lubes will be batch managed.
The batches Number will be captured at the time of GRN preparation which will be entered
manually. Batch number can be maintained as vendor wise, make wise, date wise etc. as per
requirement.

ZZZ will use vessel wise batch numbers for imports raw material.

3.4 Excise Masters

Following India-specific (from statutory standpoint) masters need to be created in SAP

 Chapter ID Descriptions
 Material Chapter ID combination
 Material Assessable values
 Modvat determination
 Vendor Excise details
 Customer Excise details
 Excise rates
 Exceptional Excise rates
 Additional Excise rates

4.Procurement
In SAP the procurement process can be broadly defined as per the eight steps defined below. In
ZZZ the Material requirement planning (MRP) of raw material will be derived based on Bill of
Material of finished goods. The forecast for the finished goods will be indicated in the Sales and
operation planning (SOP). The requirement of the raw material will be net of the available stock,
open purchase order and open purchase requisition.

4.1 Purchase Requisition

A Purchase Requisition is an internal document, which is a request or instruction to Purchasing
Department to procure a certain quantity of a material or services so that it is available at a certain
point in time.
The following shall be the source of Purchase Requisition (PR):
  MRP (Materials requirement planning including reorder /forecast)
 Manual
 Maintenance Order

PR to RFQ/ PO

4.1.1 Process Flow

From MRP:
For Raw materials, Packing materials and Stores and Spares the Purchase Requisition will be
automatically created through MRP run. Raw material and Packing material requirement will be
based on the BOM of FG and SFG. In case of Stores and Spares the material requirement will be
based on reorder point, which will be defined in the Material Masters.

The user can also create a Manual Requisition for specific requirement and will be created by
authorised personnel.

From Maintenance Order:

System will automatically generate the PR for the non stock able items in the order.
Document types for Purchase Requisitions NB- Purchase requisitions.
RFQ to Purchase Order

4.2 Process Flow

Request for Quotations are the enquiries issued to the identified vendors for receiving the Price
quote of required materials.

RFQ’s will be issued to each of the approved vendors for a particular material. Based on the
numbers of vendors the same number of RFQ’s will be issued i.e. A unique RFQ will be issued to
each of the approved vendors for a particular material.
RFQ will be created with reference to the Purchase requisition if it exists as per the PR procedure
earlier defined e.g. PR created manually or through MRP. RFQ’s also will be created without any
reference if no PR exists.

Each individual RFQ created will have Header and Item Information.

 Header Information will capture vendor details based on the Vendor Master and General
Information in the form Text.
 Item Information will capture the details of the material, the quantity required and delivery
dates.

In the RFQ the user will identify the following details

 Purchasing Organisation
 Purchase Group
 Deadline for Submission of quotation
 Material and Quantity
 Plant for which the material is required.

All the RFQ issued to different vendors for the procurement of the same material will be identified
with a same and unique collective number. The collective number will be identified by the user as it
will form a base for comparison of quotation from different vendors for the same material
A tracking number also can be identified by the user for each of the RFQ’s for the his operating
convenience

There shall be RFQ document type: AN

4.3 Vendor Quotation and Bid evaluation
4.3.1 Process Flow
Quotations will be received from the vendors based on the RFQ sent to them. The Quotations will
have the various pricing conditions quoted by the vendor for the material specified in RFQ.
The quotation received will be entered in the system with reference to RFQ issued. The RFQ and
quotation will be identified with the same number.

The detail price break up will be identified in the quotation. For e.g. some of the details are stated
below.

 Basic Rate
 Discount
 Packing and Forwarding
 Excise Duty
 VAT
 Freight (Inward and Outward)

Assumptions
The above price break-up will be the form pricing condition in the Price Schema which will be
attached in the Vendor master.

Quotation compare
The quotation compare will be based on the collective number identified in the RFQ. All the RFQ
identified with a unique collective number will be compared. The system will calculate the net
effective price after taking into consideration the secondary elements in the price i.e. Discount,
Freight, packing etc.

The system will consider the taxation during calculate the effective / net price. I.e. The net price will
be net of excise, but the sales tax will not be taken into account.
All quotation comparisons will be on the net landed price. If the user wants to refer the detail pricing
of each quotation, then on the same screen the user will have to click on the quotation and the data
will be furnished.

All the quotations also can be compared with reference to ideal quotation which will have a best
price.
The system will rank the compared quotation based on the landed price.

Based on the RFQ generated in the SAP, the vendor sends his quotation this is captured in the RFQ
made for the vendor in the SAP.
The details of the quote, i.e. the conditions (like Basic price, freight, discounts etc) are keyed into the
system. Quotations received from the various suppliers shall be entered into the system with
reference to RFQ generated in the system. Quotation comparison can be carried out using various
Quotation numbers or using the Collective number.

 In SAP the RFQ & Quotations shall have the same number.
 The quotation shall be compared based on the pricing conditions entered in the system.
4.3.2 Gaps / Issues Identified and Solutions
The system does not compare the quotations based on payment terms, Inco terms and technical
aspects of the material.

4.3.3 Forms and reports required

Report on Quotation Compare will have to be developed.

4.4 Purchase order Stock items

A purchase order is a formal request to a vendor to supply certain goods or services under certain
conditions.

4.4.1 Process Flow

A purchase order is a formal request to a vendor to supply certain goods or services under certain
conditions.

The user will create Purchase Order can be created with reference to the RFQ or Last Purchase
Order, this will help the system to copy all the details in the RFQ on to the purchase order and the
relation of the RFQ and the purchase order is set in the system
If purchase order is created with reference the vendor details e.g. Vendor Address, Payment Terms,
Inco terms will be copied from the vendor master.

Purchase Order can also be created with out any reference, in this case the user will have to enter
all the details e.g. Vendor, material, pricing condition etc
Purchase Order will be made by ZZZ Group for those material for which the price is negotiated for
each transaction are subject to change for ever new transaction e.g. Base Oils , Additives etc.
For a particular transaction if the Payment Terms and Inco term are different from the vendor
master, the same can be changed in the Purchase order.

The pricing related conditions will be copied from the RFQ and also can be independently
maintained in the Purchase Orders. The pricing conditions shall be assigned a value either in
percentage terms, value terms or per quantity basis.

The different conditions (primary and secondary price elements) get defaulted in the Quotations or
purchase order based on the pricing schema attached to the schema group field of vendor master.
New pricing conditions can also be added and existing condition shall be changed only before first
goods receipt entry posted against PO.
Material and Vendor related Excise and Sales tax details shall be identified using the Tax Code at
the Item level in PO. The tax codes will have to be entered in the PO at the item level and contain
the following information:

 Excise Duty
 Additional Excise duty
 Special Excise duty
 Sales Tax applicable / VAT related condition
 Surcharges over tax as applicable for a specific region
 Turnover tax

The excise duty shall be populated in the PO based on the Excise masters maintained for the
material code in the CIN version of SAP to be entered in the PO at an item level. Excise rate master
and material excise detail has to be maintained for proper excise duty calculation and CENVAT
claim.
The user shall specify the Plant, Purchasing organisation, Purchasing group, Material code, quantity
of the material in the purchase order.
Over delivery tolerances will be maintained in the purchase order as per the requirements for e.g.
imported material where excess receipts are expected to certain extent. In case if there is an excess
stock receipt beyond the over delivery tolerance identified in PO, receipts can be made only after
changing the quantities in PO.
Header text and Item text shall be maintained to communicate the vendor regarding specific terms
and conditions which are specific to the purchase
ZZZ will have the following document types for a purchase order.

 Import Purchase Order

 Domestic Purchase Order – this will cover Subcontracting also

 Engineering, IT, Laboratory – Non Stock Purchases and Services

 Stock Transfer Order
 Asset PO
 Service PO

The number ranges will be different for each of the above document types and company code this
will help the user identify the Purchase order at a glance.

The system will create a purchase order number which will be system generated and the series of
the number will based on the document type and Company Code which is specified during creation
of the purchase order.

The PO will be amended for quantity as per the receiving plant on the receipt of the material before
the GRN

Condition types for CVD, Cess on CVD, Basic customs duty, Cess on customs duty and ADC will be
percentage based and in foreign currency for which the invoice verification for delivery costs will be
made in INR.

All the condition types will be copied to the new PO from the old PO along with the percentage or
value or quantity based rate.
The unwanted condition types will be deleted from the new PO.

All the secondary cost conditions will be identified in the PO with some vendor as no condition can
be added nor the value can be changed once a GRN is prepared.

Contracts will be prepared on the secondary vendors for transportation, barging, CHA, insurance,
etc and will be only used as reference; no data will be copied from the contract in the PO by the
system.

The secondary vendors will be changed at the time of GRN if different than that identified in the PO.

Importing against Advance License: If the import receipts are against an Advance License where no
Custom Duty and CVD has to be paid, the amount liable against the Custom and CVD conditions will
to be identified against a Dummy Vendor in the PO. This vendor number will be same as AL number,
which will be same as the Advance License Number. For creation of these liabilities, all the duties
and taxes will be identified in the PO (like any normal import PO). This vendor will be credited with
the duty liability and which will be subsequently settled against an income clearing account.
On the sales side, a report will be generated to track exports obligations to help Finance create the
necessary entries.

4.4.2 Exceptions and Variations

Retrospective Amendments are not available in SAP. The changes made to PO will not affect the
GRN which is posted before the changes. The changes shall be affected only to the subsequent
document posted after the changes.

4.4.3 Forms and reports required

Purchase Order Print layout will be developed

4.4.4 Conditions in Purchase Order

Condition types are the various cost carrier components in P.O that determine the value with which
the Material is valuated & how the reimbursement for the same is being carried out. Conditions for
import and local procurement will be different.

ZZZ will have the following condition

 Basic Price
 Discount
 Surcharge
 Freight
 Cess i.e. Market Cess for NMMC
 Survey Charges
 Insurance
 Barging
 Clearing and Forwarding
 Wharfage
 Pricing procedure is a summation of the condition type in a set sequence which helps the
system calculate the net priceThere will two pricing procedure for ZZZ i.e. Local and Imports.

4.4.5 Delivery Costs in Purchase Orders

The secondary vendor for freight, Insurance and clearing will be identified in the Purchase order
against the specific condition type. The secondary vendor can be changed during the good receipt
stage also.
The delivery condition charges shall be booked to a separate account code at the time of Goods
receipt. It is necessary to identify the Freight, Clearing, Insurance vendor in the PO for the proper
valuation of the material at the GRN stage. However at the time of preparation of GRN, the actual
vendor to whom the payment is to be made can also be identified. In case if the transportation
charges have to be paid to the material vendor than in delivery condition the vendor field can be left
blank & the freight gets automatically allocated to the Material Vendor

 Freight Supplier can be changed at the GRN stage only if the planned delivery conditions
have been identified in PO. However the value of the delivery cost can be changed vat the
time of bill passing only.
 Delivery Charges cannot be changed /amended in GRN
 Any changes in the value of delivery charges (e.g. freight, Clearing, Insurance) can be
carried out at the time of invoice verification. Thus vendor can be paid based on the actual
invoice amount.
4.4.6 Excise and Sales tax related Details
User shall identify relevant tax codes in PO based on which the Excise Duty and Sales Tax shall be
calculated.

 The user needs to select correct tax code in the PO

 The user needs to select correct document type (order type) in the PO.
 The tax code shall be identified at item level in the PO
 TDS shall be calculated in the Financial Accounting system. Please refer to the Business
Blueprint of Financial Accounting for details regarding TDS.
 Excise and Sales Tax (VAT) will posted to a different account and will not be posted to the
stock account.

4.4.7 Account Assigned PO (Consumption Orders)

Account Assigned PO will be used in case of materials which are non-coded e.g. Engineering,
Stationery, Laboratory items, Administration and other consumable where the stock tracking for such
material is not required and a cost centre can be directly debited for its consumption.

Specific requirement of any department can be booked using the account assigned PO and
identifying a cost centre linked to the department in the PO.

 At the time of Goods receipt for such materials, stock of the material will not be updated and
directly the total cost of the procured material shall be debited to an identified account
assignment i.e. cost centre Mechanical, Civil, Electrical or internal order.

4.4.8 Asset Purchase

All the asset purchases shall be linked to the asset class. Such PO shall be account assigned to an
Asset. Finance department shall provide the required details to the purchase department regarding
the Asset class and Asset number, which need to be identified in the asset PO.
All asset purchases shall be account assigned PO with account assignment as ‘Asset’. Before
raising Asset PO, FI will provide the Asset number.

4.4.9 Release Procedure for Purchase Order

Release procedures will be defined for the following documents:

 Purchase Requisition
 Purchase Orders

In case of Purchase Requisitions only Engineering Purchase Requisitions will follow a release
procedure as the engineering specification are to be vetted out.

In case of Purchase Order the entire PO will follow a Release Procedure. Release procedure will be
different for each of the Purchasing Groups as per the person responsible (i.e. Imports, Local,
Service, Admin and Plant Purchases). The entire POs will be finally released by the MD. All types of
PO will have a release procedure including STO.

4.4.10 Forms and reports required

Purchase Order Print layout will be developed

4.5 High Sea Sales

ZZZ will use the High Sea Sales scenario for the sale of base oil. The process flow will be as shown
below.
4.5.1 Exceptions and Variations
The PO has to be amended as the sales order will be prepared after the PO. The existing line item
has to be deleted / modified and new line item will be added with reference to the PR generated from
the Sales Order.

A statistical GRN will be made in the system causing the following accounting entries:
Dr. Cost of Goods Sold
Cr. GR/IR Account

This entry will eliminate the need for taking the material into stock, making customer delivery and
posting goods issue.

Customer invoice can be raised once the statistical GRN and the invoice verification are posted.

5.Inventory Management
5.1 Material Receipt
 A goods receipt is a goods movement with which the receipt of goods from a vendor or from
production is posted. A goods receipt leads to increase of material stock.
  Material shall be received at the plants or the delivery address other than the plant identified
in the PO.
 In case of Subcontracting PO, the finished goods shall be received at the plants from where
raw material was issued for processing.

5.1.1 Goods Receipt Procedure

 In Goods receipt is done using Movement Type 101, Stock is directly posted to unrestricted
stock or quality inspection stock and vendor can be paid after invoice verification.
 Both rejection and acceptance cannot be done for the material on which quality management
is not activated. The system can not allow posting accepted quantity and rejected quantity
simultaneously in single posting and for such condition two step goods receipt procedure is
to be followed.

Irrespective of the procedure followed,

 No material shall be received without any reference of the PO

 ZZZ can use single step goods for material like spares, regular consumable items etc.
 Any changes to the PO shall be reflected before preparation of GR
 There shall be only one internal number range for the all types of Goods Receipt across all
the plants.

Goods Receipt for Local Material

 Scenario IA: Good receipt of Excisable Material
 CENVAT related details should be captured by the user before preparing the GR. User shall
enter the Vendors Excise Invoice details in the SAP CIN module. The reference of the
internally generated document shall be given at the time of GR. At the time of GR, RG23A
Part I shall be gets updated if excise invoice has been captured before GRN.
 Part II entries will be generated at the time of Excise Invoice Verify and post.
 In case if Excise Invoice is captured after GR, Part I and Part II entries will be updated at the
time of Excise Invoice Verify and Post.
 If Excise Invoice has not accompanied the material, the material can be received into
unrestricted stock. Whenever Excise invoice comes, Excise Invoice is captured after GR,
Part I and Part II entries will be updated at the time of Excise Invoice Verify and Post. Invoice
verification can be entered only after the excise invoice verified & posted.
 If Vendor has not given the excise invoice for excisable material, then user has to change the
PO as non excisable before posting of goods receipt and vendor invoice.

 Scenario IA: Good receipt of Non Excisable Material

 If the material is not excisable then user shall prepare the GRN using movement 101 without
use of CIN Excise Module.
The following accounting entry will be passed in the Financial Accounts

Dr. RM/PM Stock Account

Cr. GR/IR Account

Cr. Freight Clearing Account

Excise Entry for revenue purchases

Dr. Cenvat BED/ AED/ SED Account

Cr. Cenvat Clearing Account

Excise Entry for Capital purchases

Dr. Cenvat BED/ AED/ SED Account

Dr. Cenvat on hold Account

Cr. Cenvat Clearing Account

Goods Receipt for Import Material

Import good receipts will be carried out either at the outside storage location or directly at the
Manufacturing Plant

Amendments will have to done in the PO, for quantity splitting as per receiving plant and any other
condition if required
The break up of the pricing elements (i.e. freight, Barging, CVD etc) will be copied from the last PO
If the material is received at Outside Storage location, Stock transfer Order will be used to transfer
the material to the manufacturing plant.
 Scenario IIA: Goods Receipt for imports at Outside Storage Locations

 Preparation of PO
 Release of PO
 The invoice verification shall be carried out for CVD before the goods receipt of the material
in the system.
 Posting of invoice verification for duty charges as delivery costs
 The excise invoice (i.e. CVD) shall be captured and posted in CIN.
 The GRN shall be prepared with respect to PO.
 Posting of part 2 in dummy excise registration
 Preparing of Transfer order & confirmation for warehouse
 Placing in Bin

 Scenario IIB: Goods Receipt for imports directly at Manufacturing Plant

 Preparation of PO
 Release of PO
 The invoice verification shall be carried out for CVD before the goods receipt of the material
in the system.
 Posting of invoice verification for duty charges as delivery costs
 The excise invoice (i.e. CVD) shall be captured and posted in CIN.
  The GRN shall be prepared with respect to PO.
 Posting of part 2 in respective plants excise registration
 Preparing of Transfer order & confirmation for warehouse
 Placing in Bin.

Accounting Entry:
Invoice Verification for Custom Duty when material not purchased against Advance License
Dr. Cenvat Clearing Account

Dr. Custom Clearing Account

Cr. Vendor Account

Invoice Verification for Custom Duty when material purchased against Advance License.
Dr. Custom Clearing Account
Cr. License Vendor Account (Recon A/c-adv license receivable A/c)

Goods receipt when the material is not purchased against advance License
Dr. Stock Account

Cr. GR/ IR Account

Cr. Custom Clearing Account

Goods receipt when the material is purchased against advance License

Dr. Stock Account
Cr. GR/ IR Account

Cr. Custom Clearing Account

Capture Excise Part II when the material is not purchased against advance License
Dr. BED Account

Dr. Cess Account

Cr. Cenvat Clearing Account

Invoice Verification for Foreign Vendor

On receipt of vendor bill the following entry will be passed:
Dr. GR/IR Account

Cr. Vendor Account

 Scenario IIC: Goods Receipt for imports in Manufacturing Plant from Outside Storage
Locations (Stock Transport Order)

 Creation of Stock transport order with supplying plant as Outside Storage Location and
receiving Plant as Manufacturing Plant
 Creation of Replenishment Delivery
 Preparing of Transfer order and Confirmation for warehouse
 Creation of Post Good issue to reduce the inventory at Outside Storage Location
 Pro-forma Invoice
  Excise Invoice at Supplying Plant (i.e. Outside Storage Locations)
 Good receipt at Receiving Plant (i.e. Manufacturing Plant)
 Preparing of Transfer order and Confirmation for warehouse
 Excise Invoice post and capture in receiving plant.

Other Good Receipts

 Scenario III: Goods Receipt for Assets Material / Spares

 The cycle of local /import GRN holds good for capital materials.
 The type of material (Asset) shall be specified while capturing the excise invoice.
 The GRN shall be prepared with respect to excise invoice. The system shall update RG23C
Part I after the GRN has been posted.
 The excise invoice shall be posted and the system shall pass an entry for claiming 50%
Modvat for the current year updating RG23C Part II. In the subsequent year remaining 50%
Modvat shall be claimed.

 Scenario IV: Goods Receipt for Consumable materials

 The regular GRN cycle holds well for the consumable materials with the exception that
system shall not update the stock of the material.
 It shall be assumed that the material is consumed after good receipt no separate goods
issue transaction needs to be carried out.

Accounting entries in FI at the time of GRN

Dr. Consumption A/c

Cr. GR/IR Clearing A/c

 Scenario V: Goods Receipt for Production Order

 Goods shall be received in the concerned plant and storage location with respect to
production order. This shall result into converting of stocks from work in progress to semi
finished material or finished good. This shall result into increase of stocks in the storage
location.

Accounting entries in FI at the time of GRN

Dr. FG inventory A/c
Cr. Factory output A/c / Cost of production A/c

 Scenario VI: Goods Receipt against Returnable Gate Pass

 Service PO will be created for the repairs to be made along with the charges
 The inventory of the asset eg pump or motor will be generated against a non valuated
material code
 A transfer posting to the subcontractor stock will be entered in SAP to keep a track of the
stock
 The material will be sent out of the gate against a printed copy of Returnable gate pass from
SAP.
 On receipt of the repaired asset the transfer posting made earlier will be reversed
 Service entry sheet will be posted for the repair charges and the invoice verification will be
done for the same. The GRN for the services will be posted automatically in the background.
 Scenario VII: Goods Receipt for Subcontracting Purchase Order and Material received in
Plant and transferred to Subcontractor

 Scenario VIII: Goods Receipt for Subcontracting Purchase Order material is directly received
at Subcontractor.
  The PO shall be prepared on the subcontractor for the End Product (incoming material)
 The components (outgoing material) required for the manufacture of the end product shall be
specified in the PO manually or based on the Bill of Material and will be supplied by ZZZ.

The components shall be issued to the vendor with respect to the subcontracting PO through
transfer posting. This will result in the posting and identification of stocks at the vendor location. The
raw materials can also be received directly at the subcontractor by

 posting a GRN for the PO in which the subcontractor has been identified in the delivery
address of the PO.
 No Accounting transactions shall take place when stocks (components) are transferred to the
vendor location.
 A 57F4 document (Excise Challan) shall be generated and printed (optional) based on the
transfer-posting document in CIN.
 On the receipt of the End Product from the vendor (subcontractor) at plant, the GRN shall the
prepared with respect to the subcontracting PO and 57F4 document.
 This shall result in the posting of the consumption entries for the components lying at the
vendor location.
  The 57F4 document shall be reconciled & completed in CIN after final receipt of the End
Product.
 Logistics Invoice Verification shall be carried out for the labour charges for the end product
supplied by the Vendor.
 The subcontracting PO shall have the Labour charges as the price component.

5.1.2 Excise details to be captured at goods receipt from vendor

 User would capture excise-related details at the time of preparing the GR. User will enter the
Vendor’s Excise Invoice details in the GRN transaction. At the time of GR, RG23 A or C Part
I will get updated.
 Part II entries will be generated at the time of Excise Invoice Verify and Post stage which will
be done after GR
 In case if Excise Invoice is captured after GR, Part I and Part II entries will be updated at the
time of Excise Invoice Verify and Post.
 If Excise Invoice has not accompanied the material, the material can be received into GR
Blocked stock. The GR block stock shall not update the total valuated stock and will not be
available for usage. Whenever Excise invoice comes, the material can be taken to
unrestricted stock from GR block stock. However, from unrestricted stock the material cannot
be moved back to GR block stock.
 If Excise Invoice has not accompanied the material and material is required for use in
production the user can post the goods receipt and subsequently post the CENVAT with the
reference of PO and goods receipt material document number.

5.1.3 Gaps / Issues Identified and Solutions

As per standard SAP only two weights can be captured in the GRN out of which one is actual GRN
quantity the other one can be either BOE/ BL quantity or actual quantity received at the dock.
Development will be done to capture four different weights.
Transport vendor and the barge vendor will be changed at the time of GRN if different than that
identified in the PO.

5.1.4 Forms and reports required

 Report for outturn i.e. the weights captured at the different stages will be developed
 Returnable Gate Pass
 Non Returnable Gate Pass

5.1.5 Interfaces
Weigh Bridge Interface will be developed to meet the business requirement of identifying the
quantity in weight and volume of the raw materials (e.g. Oils) which are received in Tankers.

5.2 Material Issues (Consumption)

A goods issue (GI) is a good movement with which a material withdrawal or material issue, a
material consumption or a shipment of good to a customer is posted. A good Issue leads to
reduction of the stocks. Material shall be issued to various departments. The issues can be specific
against a production order, maintenance order or generally to a cost centre against a reservation.
The consumption entries shall get posted at the time of goods issue. Other than high value
maintenance spares, all materials will be charged to consumption as soon as it issued from the main
stores. In certain cases the material is issued to production or cost centre but is not identified as
consumption. For e.g. materials issued to shop floor locations, for such cases, a separate storage
location will be identified in the system for tracking the stock on the shop floor. High value
maintenance spares such as chemical & fluxes shall be transferred from Main Stores storage
location to the Shop floor location. Hence, the issues for production/ cost centre from the main
storage will be shown as transfer posting from storage location to storage. No accounting entries
shall be generated for the transfer posting. On charging the materials to a work order or cost centre,
issue to production order/cost centre will be recorded. Thus exact consumption quantity will be
recorded for the production order. For other products, which can be issued, as per exact
requirement, a material issue to production order will be carried out from the main storage location
directly.

 Negative stocks shall not be allowed in the system.

 The materials such as chemicals, oils, engineering goods shall be stored in the defined
stores and directly issued to the production order or cost centre if required.
 The materials such as high value maintenance spares shall be stored in the engineering
stores and transferred to the shop location and subsequently the issue shall be booked
against maintenance order or cost centre if required.
 If stores want to issue material other than originally planned in the reservation then material
has to be changed in the reservation with the required alternative material.
 There shall be only one internal number range for all types of Goods Issue and Transfer
Posting documents across all the plants.
 When the material is issued against the production order the following accounting entries will
take place in FI

Dr. RM stock A/c

Cr. Inventory Change A/c

5.2.1 Transfer Postings

  During the normal business activity it may be essential to move the material physical from
one place to the other within the same company code, or within the same plant or move it
from one stock type to another or from one material to another. These can be done in SAP
by transfer posting.

The major material transfers that can be carried out in SAP are

 Plant to Plant
 Storage Location to Storage Location
 Stock to Stock i.e. unrestricted to blocked
 Batch to Batch
 Bin to Bin
 Material to Material.

5.2.2 Plant to plant transfers

 If the material is transferred from one plant to another of the same company code Stock
transport orders “STO” will be used wherein the transfers are carried out using the Sales
functionality of Delivery.
 Transportation cost will be included in the PO and cost of transportation will be loaded onto
the stock valuation of the material at the receiving location.
 STO will be used to transfer the material from Trichy / Chennai to the A&B agents. In the
STO the MAP (Moving Average Price) will defaulted as the Basic price and the transport cost
will be identified as one of the price
 If material is moving from one plant to another plant. The excise invoice needs to be
prepared in CIN for the transfer of the excisable material. Excise will be debited at originating
plant and same amount shall get credited at the receiving plant by capturing excise invoice
details of the issuing plant.

5.2.3 Transfer of material from Manufacturing Plant to Stocking Plant or

A&B (with Excise invoice)
 The transfer shall be carried out using Stock Transport Order (STO) with outbound delivery
for finished goods. STO shall be created in the MM module by the supplying plant for the
receiving plant. Based on the STO, delivery shall be carried out in Sales and Distribution
(SD) module of SAP. The excise invoice will also be prepared at the time of good delivery.
The material shall be received in the receiving plant using movement type 101 in Materials
Management. Till such time goods shall be tracked as ‘stock-in-transit’.
 Stocking Plant or A&B can maintain the finished goods stock in batches, which are received
from manufacturing plant.
 Stocking Plant or A&B can only avail the CENVAT mentioned in the excise invoice received
from manufacturing plant.

5.2.4 Material Transfer from Storage Location to Storage Location

 The material can be transfer from one location to another within the plant. This transaction
does not involve accounting entry for the material.
 ZZZ can use this transaction to transfer the material form material inspection storage location
to stores. Similarly the materials like spares that are issued to the specific departments can
 be transferred from stores to the specific departments and subsequently the consumption
can be booked for the material if required.

5.2.5 Material to Material Transfer

 If a material changes over time in such a way that it no longer corresponds to the features
defined in the material master record, but to the features of a different material, the user can
carry out transfer posting from material to material.
 A transfer posting from material to material results in the transferred quantity being managed
under a different material number. A material master record must exist for the receiving
material.
 Parallel to the material document, an accounting document is posted. The issuing material
master record determines the value of the transfer posting.
 The material to material transfer should be done in consultation with accounts as it involves
accounting entries being posted for the material.
 Both the materials should have the same base unit of measure.

5.2.6 Stock to stock

When the quality inspection posting is completed the material transfers from Quality stock to
Unrestricted use stock. Similarly it is also possible to move ‘unrestricted use’ stock to a specific sales
order stock or specific project stock.

5.2.7 Bin to Bin transfer

As with all stock movements, to transfer stock from one storage bin to another storage bin within a
warehouse number you first create a transfer order.

To transfer stock of a material from one storage type to another, you can display the bin stock of the
source storage type (same as with the bin status report). From this display you can select the stock
to be transferred and create the respective transfer orders.

ZZZ will use the bin to bin transfer posting for transferring the material from bonded to ex bonded
location.

The quantity of material in the bonded and the ex bonded location can be reviewed in the bin status
report for the section type bonded or ex bonded.

5.3 Material Returns

A goods return procedure can be divided in following steps:

 Return to vendor after good receipt or if the material fails in the production
 Return of excess material to stores/storage location from production or cost centre.

5.3.1 Material Return To vendor

Material can be returned back to the vendor if the quality department has rejected it or the material
has been returned from the production department due to some defects.
The material shall be returned to the vendor using the

 Return to vendor movement type in SAP or

 Creating a Return PO
  Return movement, user can send back the material of a single document (GRN). The return
document shall refer to the GRN document against which the material was received.

The excise duty shall be reversed and gate pass shall be generated using the Excise for other
movement transaction of SAP.

Using the Return PO, user can send many materials back to vendor. However, the return PO will not
refer to any specific GRN or material document.
The excise duty shall be reversed and gate pass shall be generated using the Excise for other
movement transaction of SAP. The user shall manually enter the excise duty.
For vendor returns,

 If the bill of the vendor has been passed and later the material is rejected on shop floor, the
vendor liability is not reduced automatically.
 At the time of vendor return, system credits the stock account and debits the GR/IR account
but vendor does not get debited automatically.
 A separate FI entry needs to be passed in financial accounting system if the vendor is not
providing with the replacement for the rejected material.
 If the vendor is replacing the rejected material, create the FI entry for debiting the vendor
liability. Create a new PO for the replacement material and carry out the receipt and bill
passing procedure for the same.

5.3.2 Material Return to Stores

Material can be returned back to the stores from Production. Two different options are available to
receive back the material that has been issued.
The material can be returned back and the consumption can be reversed using the reference of the
original issue document. However, in this route full quantity of a material, which was issued, is
returned back and part quantity return is not possible. But the consumption reversal entries and the
value attached to it are based on the original issue document.

Second route is returning the material without the reference of the original issue document. In this
case material will be posted at moving average price of the material at that point of time. This
procedure can also be used for scrap return and serviceable items from shop floor.

5.3.3 Forms and reports required

ZZZ to give the layouts & formats

5.4 Material Reservation

With this component, user makes a request to the warehouse to keep materials ready for withdrawal
at a later date and for a certain purpose. This simplifies and accelerates the goods receipt process.
A reservation for goods issue can be requested by various departments for various account
assignment objects (such as cost centre, order, asset, etc.).
The purpose of a reservation is to ensure that a material will be available when it is needed. It also
serves to simplify and accelerate the goods issue process and prepare the tasks at the point of
goods issue.
It is also important that reservations are taken into account by Material Requirements Planning
(MRP), which means that required materials are procured in time if they are out of stock. The system
makes reservations at plant level.
When production / maintenance order is created, the components of order from the storage location
are reserved automatically. User cannot manually process automatic reservations. For example, it is
not possible to change reservations for an order directly. User has to change the components in the
order. The system then updates the reservation.

ZZZ can use the material reservation for raw materials, spares and engineering stores materials
related items to take care of non-availability of the material. If the material stock goes below the
reserved quantity, the system will result into generation of Purchase Requisition after running the
MRP, based on the reorder level / material planning norms set in the material master.

When a reservation is entered, the following events occur in the system:

 The system creates a reservation document, which serves as proof of the request.
  In the material master record, total stock and unrestricted-use stock of the material remain
unchanged. Reserved stock is increased by the reserved quantity and can be seen in the
stock overview (MMBE).
 In MRP, available stock is reduced by the reserved quantity. This is visible in the current
stock/requirements list (MD04). The reservation causes an entry to be made in the
requirements planning file.

F Note: The procedure of creating the reservation does not mean hard reservation of the material. If
the stock exists for the material, it can be issued to another entity irrespective of the material is
reserved or not, i.e. system does not take into the consideration the priority of the reserved
materials.

 By transfer posting however the material may be allocated from unrestricted use stock to
specific sales order or project stocks.
 The purpose of reservation is only limited to consider the stocks of the materials for MRP
purpose and create Purchase Requisition for the material to avoid the situation of non-
availability of the material.
 All the reservations get automatically closed after the material is issued to the order or
reservation.
 All the open reservations for which the materials have not to be issued must be closed
manually.
 All the reservations that are created automatically for production order must be closed (if
open material issue exists) during final confirmation of the order.
 On periodic basis the open reservations may be closed.

5.5 Stock transfer Order

The material transfers from one plant to another plant or A&B will be supported by the stock transfer
order. The stock transfer orders are purely for material movement within ZZZ group or to the A&B’s
and not to be issued to any external vendor of ZZZ.
Definition: In stock transfer processing, goods are procured and supplied within a company. One
plant orders the goods internally on another plant (receiving plant/issuing plant). The goods are
procured with a special type of purchase order with SAP i.e. the stock transport order. User can
request and monitor the transfer of goods with a stock transport order. The delivery can be
processed in Inventory Management or in Sales and Distribution (SD Shipping). The delivery should
be processed through SD to take care of the billing.

When transferring the raw material, semi finished goods like oil for packing to Mohali; finished goods
to A&B, spares etc. from one plant to another or various depots, the stock transfer order shall be
used.

The requesting plant shall raise the stock transport order on the supplying plant for example, in case
of transfer of oil for packing from Trichy to Chennai; Chennai will raise a Stock Transport Order,
which is a form of a purchase order on Trichy, the material to be transferred using the stock
transport route needs to be maintained in the Sales area view of the plants.
The material shall be transferred at the current valuation rate of the material in the supplying plant.
While transferring the common raw material between the plants, excise will be debited in one plant
and shall be credited in the receiving plant.

5.5.1 Characteristics of a Stock Transfer Order

The quantity posted from stock of the sending plant is first of all managed as stock in transit of the
receiving plant. Only once the goods receipt has been entered the quantity is posted to
the unrestricted-use stock of the receiving plant. This enables the quantity “on the road” to be
monitored. Additional Delivery costs can be entered in the stock transport order.

5.5.2 Processing of Stock Transfers between the Two Plants

Insurance Declaration to the insurance company will be carried out outside the SAP system. SAP
will not provide any information regarding the insurance declarations.

5.6 Vendor Evaluation

The vendor evaluation shall be carried out for particular criteria such as quality, delivery and
quantity. The quality score shall be generated based on the usage decision specified in QM module
and the score related to a delivery shall be generated based on the deviation between actual
delivery date and planned delivery date. The score related to quantity reliability shall be generated
based on the deviation between goods receipt quantity and order quantity.

TIME PERIOD: The days to be considered for vendor evaluation e.g. 365 or 180 days. The system
shall consider the history data pertaining to last 12 or 6 months from the date of evaluation.
WEIGHTAGE: The weightage to be specified for each evaluation criteria. (Could be equal or
unequal)
E.g. Price: 30

Quality: 20
Delivery: 50

Total: 100 %
Each criterion can have more than one sub criteria

E.g. On time delivery: 60

Quantity reliability: 40
Each criteria /sub criteria shall have different scoring pattern based on the deviation of each
criteria/sub criteria from the standard.

E.g. On time delivery

For the above criteria the scoring pattern can be assumed like

Percentage Deviation Score for Evaluation

99 1

80 20

60 40

40 60

20 80

00 100

-20 80

-40 60

-60 40

-80 20

-100 1
Explanation: a) if the deviation of the actual delivery date and planned delivery date is 80%, the
vendor shall score 20. b) If the deviation of the actual delivery date and planned delivery date is –
40%, the vendor shall score 60.
The max (+/-) Deviation permitted for a material shall be specified in the purchasing value key
configuration. The purchasing value key has to be maintained in the material master e.g. Key A1: 20
days as delivery variance
The A1 key denotes if the vendor delivers a material before/after 20 days from the planned delivery
date then the vendor shall be awarded zero score. If the vendor delivers a material 5 days after
planned delivery date, the score shall be based on the percentage deviation with respect to 20 days
i.e. 5X 100/20 = 25%. The system shall find out from the configuration the nearest value if
percentage deviation for the said criteria and allocate a score. In the mentioned scenario vendor
shall score 80.

The vendor evaluation for price level as criteria is calculated as follows

 To determine a vendor’s price level, the system compares the vendor’s effective price with
the market price for the material.
 The system first checks whether the buyer has maintained a market price for the material.
(Special condition record)
 If not, the system calculates the market price, which is equal to the average of the effective
prices for all vendors supplying this material. The system then applies the effective price for
the vendor from the conditions.
 The vendor’s effective price is then compared with the market price and the percentage
variance determined.
 The system then assigns a score to the variance in accordance with the settings made in
Customizing.
 The limitation of the vendor evaluation for ‘price’ criteria is that system does not take into
consideration PO price but it always compares material market price with effective price
maintained in the info Record.

The vendor evaluation for quantity reliability as criteria is as follows:

 When goods are received against a purchase order, the system checks whether the quantity
received are the same as the quantity ordered. If this is not so, the system works out the
difference and converts it into a percentage variance using the following formula:
 GR quantity – order quantity / order quantity x 100
 The system issues a score for this percentage variance as defined in Customizing.
 The new score is then included in the vendor’s previous score for the sub criterion. To
calculate the new score for the sub criterion from the already existing composite score and
this new individual score the system applies the smoothing factor Quantity variance defined
in Customizing.
 When user run a new evaluation, the system calculates the average of the individual scores
for all materials to obtain a score for the vendor for adherence to the confirmation date.
 delivery quantity % specified in the material master purchasing value key plays an important
role in the evaluation. The min. delivery qty. % signifies that min. qty. to be delivered in the
order for the goods receipt to be included in the evaluation. In this way, user can prevent a
vendor from receiving a good score for a punctual delivery, where the quantity delivered was
insufficient. If this value is not maintained in purchasing value key of material master, the
system shall pick up the average value specified in the customisation irrespective of material
and vendor.
The score for on time delivery shall be calculated as under

 At the time of a goods receipt against a purchase order, the system checks whether the
delivery was on time or late:
 GR date – delivery date / delivery date = date variance
 If the delivery was on time, the system checks whether a minimum delivery quantity is to be
taken into account.
 It checks the Minimum delivery quantity/standardising value for delivery time variance from
material indicator.
 If the indicator has been selected, it checks whether a value has been maintained in the
material master record:
 If a value exists, it is used. If no value exists, the value from the Minimum delivery
percentage field is used. If there no such value in this case either, goods receipts of fractions
of the order quantity are included in the calculation of the score.
 If the indicator has not been selected, the value from the Minimum delivery percentage field
is used. If no value exists, goods receipts of fractions of the order quantity are included in the
calculation of the score.
 If the minimum delivery quantity is not reached, the system does not determine a score for
the goods receipt.

If the minimum delivery quantity is reached and the delivery date adhered to, the variance is
zero and the system awards the highest points score for the relevant goods receipt.

 If the delivery is not on time, the system calculates the date variance in days and converts it
into a percentage variance.
 In the process, the system searches for the standardising value as follows:
 It checks the Minimum delivery quantity/standardising value for delivery time variance from
material indicator.
 The system then awards the score user defined in Customizing for this percentage variance.
The new score is then included in the vendor’s previous score for the sub criterion. To
calculate the new score for the sub criterion from the already existing composite score and
this new individual score the system applies the smoothing factor Date variance defined in
Customizing. When user run a new evaluation, the system calculates the average of the
individual scores for all the materials to obtain a score for the vendor’s on-time delivery
performance.
 If a goods receipt covers several schedule lines, the Vendor Evaluation system performs this
calculation for each schedule line.

The score for incoming goods receipt subjected to inspection is calculated as follows:

 If a material is subject to incoming inspection, part of the delivered material is checked by the
quality assurance department when goods are received against a purchase order.
 An inspection lot is created. After the inspection or testing, the person responsible in Quality
Management then enters a result and makes a decision as to whether the material can be
used. (Usage decision code has a value attached to it. based on which the score will be
calculated. minimum score has to be one)
 All the incoming inspection lots are stored in a file with their scores.
 When user run an automatic re-evaluation for a vendor, the system selects all the incoming
inspection lots for the vendor that lies within the validity period and calculates the average of
the score.
  The result is the vendor’s score for the quality of goods received.

The data required from ZZZ for carrying out vendor evaluation:

 Market price for each material and score to be awarded based on the percentage deviation
that shall be considered as a reference for calculating the deviation of the vendor’s average
price for evaluation.
 Usage decision codes with the respective quality scores. (Taken care in quality module)
 Purchasing value key (material) specifying the maximum deviation permitted for a material in
terms of days and values in terms of percentage of deviation and respective score (please
refer the above mentioned table with the example). Please note that purchasing value key
can have under delivery / over delivery tolerance along with maximum tolerable deviation
allowed for a delivery.
 Purchasing value key is used in Material master with each of the Item code.

5.6.1 Assumption
All the criteria’s & sub criteria are with weightage will be finalised on discussion in the configuration
phase. Vendor rating will be calculated for a vendor and purchasing organisation combination

5.6.2 Exceptions and Variations

Vendor evaluation can happen only after the required customizing is complete. There has to be
enough transactional data in SAP for same.

5.7 Physical Inventory

There are various physical inventory methods available in SAP

 Periodic inventory
 Cycle counting

ZZZ will be using periodic physical inventory method

The physical inventory process can be single step, two steps or three steps, ZZZ to use single step
procedure.
Three step procedure:

 Periodic Physical inventory procedure shall be carried out in the system; User will create a
physical verification document in SAP system. Based on the actual physical stock, user shall
enter the actual count of material with reference to the physical verification document
number. The same document shall be printed for easy verification.
 In case of differences, material can be recounted.
 The posting of the differences shall be a separate activity based on which the stocks shall be
reorganised- both quantity and value terms. The posting of differences in the inventory shall
be booked to a separate account code. The posting of differences will be subject to approval
of the higher authority.
 Stocks shall be blocked for Posting during Physical inventory process.
 Posting Block indicates that no goods movements involving the materials listed in the
physical inventory document can be posted for the duration of a physical inventory count.

Single step procedure:

 User will enter the actual physical stock in the system (MI10) the system will create the PID
and post the difference at the same time in the background. An accounting document will be
generated along with the PID.

5.7.1 Physical Inventory in Warehouse Management

This component allows you to carry out a physical inventory of your company’s warehouse stocks for
balance sheet purposes.
Integration with MM as the physical inventory process will be updating the base document
/ reference document in MM. The physical inventory differences should be cleared both in WM and
MM.
Cycle Counting: Cycle counting is a method of physical inventory where inventory is counted at
regular intervals within a fiscal year. These intervals (or cycles) depend on the cycle counting

indicator set for the materials. The Cycle Counting Method of Physical Inventory allows fast-moving
items to be counted more frequently than slow-moving items.

Regardless of the physical inventory method, the process of physical inventory can be divided into
three phases:

1. 1. Physical Inventory Preparation

 Create a physical inventory document.

  Blocking Materials for Posting
 Print and distribute the physical inventory document.

2. Physical Inventory Count

 Counting stocks
 Entering the result of the count on the physical inventory document printout

3. 3. Physical Inventory Analysis

 Entering the result of the count into the system

 Initiating a recount, if necessary
 Posting inventory differences

Procedure for Physical Inventory in Warehouse Management -SAP Scenarios

S. No Procedures TCODE Input Output

1 Create a Physical Inventory LI01N Inventory document

document

2 Activate Physical Inventory LX22 Inventory document Inventory document

3 Print count sheet LI04 Inventory document Inventory document

4 Inventory count LX26 Inventory document Inventory document

S. No Procedures TCODE Input Output

5 Entering count results LI11N Inventory document Inventory document

6 Change count results LI12N Inventory document Inventory document

7 Recount on need basis LI14 Inventory document Inventory document

8 Generate difference report LX17 Inventory document Inventory document

9 Differences clearing in WM LI20 Inventory document Inventory document

10 Differences posting in Inventory LI21 Inventory document Inventory document

Management

5.7.2 Exceptions and Variations

The process of physical inventory in WM will only be used for the materials/storage locations for
which the WM is activated for all the other materials/storage locations the normal inventory
management physical inventory process will be used.

5.7.3 Authorisation Requirements

Only the concerned staff should be authorised. Write-off authorization should be with the senior
management only.

5.8 Logistics Invoice Verification / Bill Passing

This is the last part of the procurement cycle; the vendor invoice is verified and entered in the
system. ZZZ Accounts department will carry out this as detailed in the FI blue print.
5.8.1 Process flow
 ZZZ shall use Logistics Invoice Verification (LIV) and no changes in the proposed account
codes shall be carried out.
 Bill Passing or Logistics Invoice Verification shall be GR based Invoice Verification default.
Only in certain exceptional cases like Import PO, the LIV can be PO based.
 The import PO bill passing shall be carried out based on the exchange rate of the posting
date. It is assumed that the Exchange rate conversions will be entered on periodic basis
(daily recommended) to reflect the exact rate on the date of posting. The defaulted rate
cannot be changed in the LIV transaction.
 Invoices presented by the supplier can have variances from the system proposed values.
The user can accept the rate differences by increasing the rate as proposed by the system.
However, system identifies such invoices as having variances and checks for the various
tolerance limits identified in the system.
 If there are differences between the amount proposed by the system and the actual amount
in the vendor invoice, user can change the amount and post these differences. The system
cannot provide the reason for such differences.
 To accept the difference, user shall change the value suggested by the system
 Quantity Changes is not recommended by the system
 While posting the invoice, the system will post the differences to the Stock account if the
material is having the price control as moving average and the stock is available. The system
also updates the purchase order history with the changed data. If the stock is unavailable the
differences are posted to the Price difference account.
 Invoices containing variances within defined tolerance limits shall be accepted by the
system. Invoices exceeding the Tolerances limits shall get blocked for payment.
 The various parameters on which the invoice can be blocked are Price, Quantity, and Order
Price Unit Variance and Delivery variance.
 Blocking based on Delivery Date Variance (Value variance based on delivery date variance)
is not required.
 ZZZ shall keep 5% upper tolerance limits to avoid unnecessary blocking in case of
increasing in price, tax, freight etc.
 All the blocked invoices need to be released before the payment can be made against the
blocked invoice in FI. Invoices shall be released in a separate transaction. User shall cancel
the blocking indicator that was set when the invoice was posted. The authorisation of the
transaction shall be controlled through authorisation profile of SAP.
 The differences arising due to foreign currency exchange rate variation at the time of Invoice
Verification (not Bill Payment) shall get loaded to inventory (if there is sufficient stock
coverage). Foreign Currency Exchange variations can be identified only at the IV stage. (And
not at GR stage). In case of insufficient stock, the differences will go to Price difference
account.
 Credit note on vendor shall be generated through FI module if Bill has been passed and paid
to the vendor and later the adjustment needs to be paid.

6.Excise JV’s
Excise JVs can be used for the following functions:

 Scrapping of material,
 Posting any difference in excise amount arising out of wrong data entry,
 Making adjustment postings for materials not used in Production,
 Making adjustment postings for money transferred to PLA and
 Making adjustment postings for additional excise paid by vendors.
  Adjustment of CENVAT at later date (say disputed matters).
 Each plant and A&B shall be identified as excise group in SAP. The excise registers are
maintained at excise group level.
 The external locations will be attached to a dummy plant which will have a dummy excise
registration and excise group

Accounting Entries for excise in FI during Scrapping through material write off
Dr. Cenvat clearing A/c

Cr. BED A/c

Cr. Ecess A/c

Accounting Entry when liability is more than Cenvat Receivable during utilization

Dr. Cenvat Payable Account

Cr. Cenvat RG23 A/C BED/AED/Ecess account

Cr. PLA BED account

Cr. PLA Ecess account

Cr. PLA AED account

Creation of TR6 Challan

Dr. PLA BED account

Dr. PLA Ecess account

Dr. PLA AED account

Cr. PLA on hold account

Payment of excise Duty

Dr. PLA on hold account

Cr. Bank account

Accounting Entry when liability is less than Cenvat Receivable during utilization
Dr. Cenvat Payable Account

Cr. Cenvat RG23 A/C BED/AED/Ecess account

The accounting entries for additional excise through excise JV will be similar to the entries as in the
case of excise entries for GRN of local or import purchase.
The accounting entries for reducing the excess duty posted wrongly through the other adjustment
transaction of excise JV will be same as that of the scrapping entries shown above.
7.Scrap Identification
7.1.1 Process flow
In some cases material gets rejected or becomes useless due to expiry or damage. The scrap shall
be identified as non-valuated material in the system. A separate material code shall be maintained
for each material to be treated as a scrap in the system. Scrap yard or store shall receive scrap, as a
scrap material or from cost centre. Scrap shall be tracked only on quantity basis. Non-stock material
will be brought into stocks just before the sale transaction occurs. In ZZZ such kind of materials can
undergo following treatment

 Material is scrapped but can be sold: The sale of scrap will be handled through SD module of
SAP.
 Material is destroyed

The material that has to be scrapped will be reduced from the stock using the scrap movement.
Stock will be reduced and the cost of the destroyed material shall be accounted in a special account
code and a cost centre
CENVAT claimed for all such materials will have to be reversed using Excise JV with reference to
the original excise invoice number.

The sources of scrap material will be:

 production returns unfit for regular use/ unfit for return to vendor
 non salvage sales returns
 Customer returns beyond repairs
 Inspection sample from QM department
 Damaged stocks in warehouse

Accounting Entries in FI during Scrapping

Dr. Scrap A/c

Cr. Stock A/c

8.Information System in MM
The following reporting requirements are met directly from standard SAP.

 Materials receipt and consumption report

 Total inventory summary Report
 Pending Purchase order Status
 Pending Purchase requisition Status
 Purchasing Value Analysis
 Pending non approved stock (identified as quality inspection stock)
 Stock statement/Weekly / Monthly
 Quotation analysis
 Monthly stock of various items
 Receipt of FG Weekly /Monthly (standard SAP material Document listing)
 Vendor Evaluation Report.
 9.List of ABAP Developments
9.1 Forms & Reports
The following reports and layouts are planned:

 Material shortage report i.e. actual GRN quantity vs. BOE quantity or delivery challan
quantity
 Exception Report for overdue quantity i.e. PO for which the delivery date has expired and
open quantity exists
 Quotation comparison report with price break-up, payment terms, Inco terms
 Outturn i.e. weight report captured at different stages
 PO layout
 Contract layout
 PR status report along with RFQ no, PO no, Release details
 Bonded BOE number against Ex bonded BOE number for STO
 Stock out report for a period
 GRN quantity Vs BOE quantity for a PO with 2% variation in quantity with ED and Ecess
values and the total PO quantity
 Control chart report for time tracking for each activity
 Returnable Gate Pass
 Non Returnable Gate Pass.

9.2 Data Migration Strategy

The following data will be programmatically transferred to SAP:

9.2.1 Master Data

 Material Master
 Vendor Master
 Purchasing Info records

9.2.2 Balances
 Inventory

I hope this blog well explains Materials Management Business blue Print Document Preparation
when working in Client Projects to New Consultants.
Please find my previous blog post on SAP WM

shivakkumar Geetha venkatesan

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4 Comments
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1. Gopala KrishnanAugust 27, 2017 at 9:37 am

Great thanks for sharing this post..Could you please share learning documents related to ALE-
IDOCs.
 like (0)

2. shivakkumar Geetha venkatesan Post authorAugust 27, 2017 at 11:02 am

Hi Gopala,
Thanks for the Appreciation.

Sure. We have many documents related to SAP ALE-IDOC for function consultant. Please find
below Link. Hope it is useful.

IDOC

https://blogs.sap.com/2012/12/31/idoc-basics-for-functional-consultants/
https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/display/ABAP/ALE%2CIDOC
https://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/en/15/3cf334c20ccc52e10000009b38f83b/frameset.htm
?current_toc=/en/19/3cf334c20ccc52e10000009b38f83b/plain.htm&show_children=true
https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/display/ABAP/7+Steps+For+ALE+Configuration
https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/display/ABAP/Handling+Idoc+Acknowledgements
https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/display/ABAP/Outbound+Idoc+Through+ALE
https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/display/ABAP/IDOC+Steps
https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/display/ABAP/Modify+IDOC+Status+by+Program

like (0)

3. mohan naiduSeptember 19, 2017 at 12:29 pm

Really i must appreciate, I know most of the people are getting benefit by your post i am following
you for a long time in Facebook.

like (0)

4. shivakkumar Geetha venkatesan Post authorSeptember 20, 2017 at 5:40 pm

Thanks Mohan sir.

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