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1. GENERAL PRINCIPLES
2. FORCE VECTORS
3. MOMENT OF A FORCE
4. EQUILIBRIUM OF PARTICLE AND RIGID BODY
5. ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES
6. INTERNAL FORCES
7. FRICTION
8. CENTROID, COG, COM, DISTRIBUTED FORCES
9. MOMENT OF INERTIA
10. VIRTUAL WORK
CHAPTER 1 : GENERAL PRINCIPLES
1. INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS
2. BASIC CONCEPTS
3. IDEALIZATIONS IN MECHANICS
4. WHAT IS FORCE?
5. NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION
6. U N I T S O F M E A S U RE M E N T S
7. L A W O F G R A V I T A T I O NA L A T T R A C T I O N
INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS MECHANICS
physical science which deals with the effects of forces on
PHYSICS objects, it is a branch of physics dealing with matter, force,
study of matter, energy, and the interaction between them. energy and motion.
natural science based on experiments, measurements and
mathematical analysis with the purpose of finding quantitative ENGINEERING MECHANICS
physical laws for everything from the nanoworld of the application of the principles of mechanics to design, because
microcosmos to the planets, solar systems and galaxies that any design must take into account the effect of forces.
occupy the macrocosmos.
WEIGHT
a force which refers to the gravitational attraction of the
earth on a quantity. It’s magnitude depends on the elevation. Particle Rigid body Deformable Body
FORCE?
What is a
Coplanar/ Concurrent /
Coplanar Non-concurrent
Collinear Coplanar concurrent INTERNAL
Coplanar Forces
TYPE OF FORCES
Lines of action line on the same
plane. 1. Applied
Collinear Forces 2. Spring
Lines of action line on the same 3. Normal
CONTACT
line.
4. Frictional
Concurrent Forces
5. Tension / Compression
Non-coplanar Non-concurrent Forces meet at one point.
Non-coplanar concurrent
6. Drag / Air resistance
Coplanar Concurrent Forces 7. Buoyant
Non-coplanar concurrent Forces
Meet at one point and their lines of action lie on the Meet at one point and their lines of action do not lie 8. Gravitational
same plane. on the same plane. 9. Electrostatic
Coplanar Non-concurrent Forces Non-coplanar Non-concurrent Forces NON-
10. Magnetic
Meet at one point and their lines of action do not lie Do not meet at one point and their lines of action do CONTACT
11. Nuclear
on the same line. not lie on the same plane.
NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION
1 INERTIA
A particle originally at rest or moving in
a straight line with constant velocity, will
remain in this state provided the particle
is not subjected to an unbalanced force.
Inertial reference frame fixed coordinate,
non-accelerating reference frame. Inertia is a
property of body to resist or maintain motion.
2 ACCELERATION
A particle acted upon by an unbalanced force
experiences an acceleration that has the
same direction as the force and a magnitude
directly proportional to the force, but inversely
proportional to it’s mass.
Why object move? Object move because the action and reaction forces
are not acting on the same thing. These forces do not cancel out, or it
is not in a state of equilibrium, because when we are drawing FBD, we
are only involving the external forces (action). acting on the body. It is
the net force on any given object that controls its motion.
UNITS OF MEASUREMENTS U.S. CUSTOMARY / BRITISH SYSTEM
SCALAR QUANTITY
positive or negative quantity that can be completely specified
Triangle Rule
by its magnitude. Example : speed, distance, mass, length etc.
GIVEN : Step 1 : Join head to tail Step 2 : Connect start to end
If it is collinear, just add
vector algebraically.
VECTOR QUANTITY
quantity that requires both magnitude and direction for its
complete description. Example : force, velocity, momentum etc.
represented by boldface letters, or letters with arrow above.
1. SCALAR MULTIPLICATION
if a vector is multiplied by a positive/
negative scalar its magnitude will
increase/decrease by that amount, and
if negative the direction will change.
LAW OF SINES AND COSINES ANGLE OF RESULTANT VECTOR LOCATION
PROPERTIES OF VECTORS
1. Closure under addition
2. Commutative property of addition
3. Associative property of addition
ADDITION OF COPLANAR FORCES 4. Additive identity
5. Additive inverse
6. Closure under scalar multiplication
7. Distributive property of multiplication over addition
8. Distributive property of addition over multiplication
R x = ∑F x 9. Associative property of scalar multiplication
R y = ∑F y 10. Identity property of scalar multiplication
3D REPRESENTATION OF FORCES 2. DIRECTIONAL COSINES METHOD
Angle formulas
Vector Components
POSITION VECTOR
FORCE VECTORS
CALCULATOR
TECHNIQUES
CHAPTER 3: MOMENT OF A FORCE
1. WHAT IS MOMENT?
2. MO M E N T O F A F O R C E A B O U T A P O I NT
3. CROSS PRODUCT
4. MO M E N T O F A F O R C E A B O U T A N A X I S
5. P R I N C I P L E O F MO M E NT S
6. MO M E N T O F A C O U P L E
7.
WHAT IS MOMENT OF A FORCE? MOMENT OF A FORCE ABOUT A POINT
C=AxB
C = ABsinθ