BO GIAO DUG VA BAO TAO TAUGNG DAI HOC SU PHAM KY THUAT THANH PHO HO CHi MINH 180 9901:2000 TS. 86 THANH TRUNG _ GIAO TRINH ANSYS - PHAN TICH Ws NHA XUAT BAN ! DAI HOC QUGC GIA TP. HO CH/ MINHBQ GIAO DUC VA DAO TAO TRUONG DAI HQC SU PHAM KY THUAT THANH PHO HO CHi MINH SEC UEEES BEE EEE TS. DO THANH TRUNG GIAO TRINH _ANSYS - PHAN TICH UNG SUAT VA BIEN DANG NHA XUAT BAN DAI HQC QUOC GIA THANH PHO HO CHi MINHLOI NOI DAU Trong Tinh vue khoa ge kg thudt, van dé dgt ra cho cdc ky sur thiét ké la phai lam niu thé ndo dé céng vide (hid ké ir nén chinh xde va chi phi la thap nhdt. Hay sau khi thiét ké, phai kiém tra, thir nghiém va che tao nhu thé nao aa mang lai higu qua kinh té cao va thoa man nbting didu kién k¥ thuat. Tat ca nhing van dé dé da dan con ngudi dén viée nghién ctu va tao ra mét sé céng cu dé giai quyét hitu hiéu bai todn ma thiét ké va kiém nghiém dat ra. Trong d6, phan mém ANSYS 12 cho phép ching fai mé6t cach nhanh chong va chinh xac nhing van dé phite tap do. Tuy nhién, ANSYS 12 chua duge sir dung phé bién va dang can tim hiéu vé kha nang tmg dung dé giai cdc bai toan co hoe, tim tmg suat va bién dang cia cde chi tiét may va hé thong may. Ngoai ra, mon hoe Thiét ké va md phong may 1a mét mén hoc co sé cla nganh Co khi Ché tao may trong chtrong trinh dao tao Thac si cla Truong Dai hoc Su pham Ky thudt Thanh phé Hé Chi Minh. Muc tiéu ctia mén hoc la nhim gitip cho hoc vién 6 kha nang thiét ké, m6 phong chi tiét, cum, bd phan may va may, quan ly co so dit ligu thiét ké, phan tich va danh gia két qua thiét ké va m6 phong. Dé thuc hién duge cac céng viée trén, doi hoi hoc vién phai van dung cac kién thie co sé nganh, két hop véi cac phuong phap tinh va str ie thanh thao cdc phan mém m6 phong nhu : AutoCAD, ANSYS, CATIA, . V6i nhimg mu dich nhu trén, tac gia da bién soan cuén séch nay véi sy gitip dé nhiét tinh cla KS. Nguyén Tuan Anh, ThS. Dinh Hitu Hanh va cdc ding nghiép — Trudng Dai hoc Su pham K¥ thuat TP HCM, nhaim dung lam tai ligu hoc tap cho sinh vién Dai hoc va hoc vién Cao hoc thuéc nhém nganh Kj thuat n6i chung va nganh Co khi Ché tao may noi riéng. Tuy nhién, cuén sach nay chi yéu danh cho déi tugng m6i lam quen véi ANSYS nén chi dimg 6 mire co ban va giai cdc bai toan khéng qué phite tap. Trong qua trinh bién soan, cuén séch nay khéng thé tranh khoi nhiing thiéu sot. Téc gia rat mong nhan duge sy gop y cua ngudi doc dé cdc phién ban sau duge hoan thién hon. Moi gop y xin vui léng gui vé dia chi mail: trungdt@hcmute.edu.vn. Tae gid, TS. B6 Thanh Trung Truong Dai hgc Su pham Ky thuat TP HCMMuUC Luc LOLNOT DAU MUC LUC Chuong 1: TONG QUAN 1.1. GIOI THIEU PHAN MEM ANSYS 1.1.1, Gidi thigu chung 1.1.2. Cach cai dat ANSYS 12 1.1.3. Khéi dong ANSYS 12 1.1.4. Giao dign ANSYS 12 1.2. GIGI THIEU BAI TOAN CG HOC Chwong 2: TRINH TU PHAN TiCH 2.1. BAI TOAN TONG QUAT 2.2. BAI TOAN TINH 2,3, PHAN TICH BAI TOAN DAO BONG RIENG 2.4. PHAN TICH BAI TOAN DAO BONG RIENG KET HOP Chwong 3: PHAN TCH BAI TOAN DAM - LINE BODIES 3.1. BAI TOAN 3.1 3.2. BAL TOAN 3.2 — LINE BODIES 3.3. BAI TOAN 3.3 - DAM CHU I (LINE BODIES) Chuong 4: PHAN TICH BAI TOAN HE THANH GIAN — LINE BODIES 4.1. BAI TOAN 4.1 4.2. BAI TOAN 4.2 Chuong 5: PHAN TiCH BAI TOAN DAM 2D - SURFACE BODIES Chuwong 6: PHAN TiCH BAI TOAN DANG DIA, TAM 2D - SURFACE BODIES 15 15 16 28 31 37 37 42 59 69 69 78 89 996.1. BAI TOAN 6.1; CHI TIRT DANG DIA (SURFACE BODIES) 6.2. BAI TOAN 6.2: CHI TIET DANG TAM (SURFACE, BODIES) Chuong 7: PHAN TiCH BAL TOAN DANG KHOI 3D - SOLID Chwong 8: PHAN TICH BAI TOAN COMPOSITE 3D — SOLID 8.1. BAI TOAN 8.1 8.2. BAI TOAN 8.2 Chwong 9: PHAN TICH BAI TOAN DAO DONG 9.1. BALTOAN 9.1 9.2. BAI TOAN 9.2 Chwong 10; PHAN TiCH BAI TOAN DAO DONG MO RONG 10.1. BAI TOAN 10.1 10.2. BAI TOAN 10.2 Chwong 11: PHAN TICH BAI TOAN ON DINH 11.1. BAITOAN 11.1 11.2. BAI TOAN 11.2 11.3. BAI TOAN 11.3 11.4. BAI TOAN 11.4 Chuong 12: PHAN TiCH CHI TIET DON TREO TREN TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 99 110 17 123 123 131 139 139 146 153 153 160 169 169 177 186 199Chuong 1 TONG QUAN 1.1. Giéi thigu chung ANSYS duge lap ra tir nam 1970, do nhém nghién tru cita Dr. John . Swanson, hé thong tinh toan Swanson (Swanson Analysis System) tai MY, 1a m6t g6i phan mém dua trén phuong phaép phan tir hiru han dé phan tich cac bai todn vat ly co hoc, chuyén cdc phuong trinh vi phan phvong trinh dao ham riéng tir dang giai tich vé dang 86 voi viéc str dung phuong phap roi rac héa va gan dung dé giai va m6 phong img xir cia mot hé vat ly khi chiu tac d6ng eta cdc loai tai trong khac nhau. Nho tng dung phuong phép phan tir hitu han, cdc bai todn ky thuat vé co, nhiét thiy khi, dign tir sau khi mé hinh héa va xay dung mé hinh toan hoc cho phép giai ching vai cdc diéu kién bién cy thé voi sé bac tyr do Ién. Trong bai toan két cdu (structural), phan mém ANSYS néi chung ding dé xac dinh trudng chuyén vi, bién dang, img sudt va cdc phan luc. Phan tich két cdu gom phan tich tinh, phan tich dong va mét so phan tich két cu khde nhu phan tich phé, phan tich dao déng riéng, mat 6n dinh,.. Nhw vay tac dung cla ANSYS 1a dé tinh todn kiém tra d6. bai img suat, bién dang, dao dOng, nhiét, t6i uu héa két cu... Néu da cé két cau, c6 thé str dung ANSYS dé kiém tra két cdu c6 bén hay khéng, néu chua du bén thi nguyén nhén 1a @ dau va tir dé tim ra cach khac phuc kip thoi, hoc néu cé sai héng thi cing biét duoc ly do tai sao, Néu chua co két cdu thi 6 thé ding ANSYS dé nghién ctu va tim ra phuong an 161 uu cho két cu, tranh duoc nhiing sai sot gay ra thigt hai. Vi y nghia rat lon nén ANSYS duge ding nhiéu trong cdc co quan nghién ciru, thiét ké co khi va co hoc. ANSYS 1a mét phan mém manh va dé giai cdc bai ton véi sé phan ter lén thi doi hoi cdu hinh méy cao. Dé sit dung phan duge ANSYS 12 thi céu hinh may tinh nén sir dung 1a bO xt ly Pentium hay Itanium v6i it nhat 512 MB of RAM (1 GB voi bé xit ly Itanium) 950 MB tréng trong 6 cimg, 6 CD ROM, hé diéu hanh Window XP 64 bit, Window XP 32 bit hay Window 2000 va man hinh 17” tré lén véi d6 phan giai khi sir dung it nhat ld 1024x768 Medium color (16 bit).1.1.2. ANSYS cé nhitng tinh nang noi bat nhue sau: + Kha ning 43 hoa manh me gitip cho vige md hinh edu trae rit nhanh va chinh xae, cing nh truyén déin nhimg m6 hinh CAD + Giai duge nhitu Jogi bai todn nhu: tinh ton chi tiét may, cdu trae céng trinh, di n tir, dién tir, nhiét, lu chat... + Thu vign phan tir 16n, 6 thé thém phan tir, loai bé hoc thay doi d6 ctmg phan tir trong mé hinh tinh toan. + Da dang vé tai trong: tai tp trung, phan bé, nhiét, van téc géc.. + Phan xtr ly két qua cao cdp cho phép vé cac dé thi, tinh toan toi uu... + Cé kha nang nghién ciru nhiing dap img vat ly nhu: trudng img suat, trudng nhiét 6, anh hudng cita trudng dign tir. + Giam chi phi san xudt vi cé thé tinh todn thir nghigm. + Tao nhimg mau kiém tra cho méi trudng c6 diéu kién lam vige khé khan, + Hé théng Menu 6 tinh truc gide giip ngudi sir dung e6 thé dinh hung xuyén sudt chuong trinh ANSYS. Cach cai dat ANSYS 12 Tién hanh chay file setup.exe, xuat hién cita s6 sau: Thyc hién cac bude: cde méi trudng hé tro cho ANSYS. 3 — Cai dat gidy phép sir dung ( license server).Dé cai dat gidy phép str dung, chon nhu chi dan sau: NOTE you dv les hoe m Boar i aid oth re ‘geryer machine ond do ot wish to tla es of aa te, nae Sick sCancem To natal @ keane to later ta, use tee |ANSUIC_ADMN Uity's Run tne License We? option, The ANSYS, ne. Lcenes Ware wa tate you tough the tolowng steps: 4. natal the sense fe. 2. Altomaticly apecity th losel machine as the beanse server. 13. Stadhesia the ANSYS, ne. License Manager When avaiable, you may use the Programe > ANSYS12.0 > Workbench dé vao moi trudng Workbench ca ANSYS. 1.1.4. Giao dign ANSYS 12 Giao dién cia ANSYS Workbench cé ba phan chinh: - Phia trén la cdc thanh cong cy hé tre. _- Phia bén tay trai la hp thogi Toolbox noi chita nhing mé dun ma 6 thé sir dung khi thao tac vdi phan mém. - Phan gitta 1a man hinh chinh Project Schematic. Pe vow took Ute eb Liter open. save seve 5 ce, Beep aes) BB eae mamas YG) Fon (CX) iy ae Tl YS) BD prematnne (sr9) EB Fancent senetural (ANS) 3 er Trong hép thoai Toolbox\Analysis system gom 17 mé dun tuong img véi 17 kiéu bai toan cé thé phan tich voi ANSYS 12. 1. Electric - Dign 2. Explicit Dynamic —Déng lye hoc 3. Fluid flow ( CFX) -— Dong chit lang (CFX) 4. Fluid flow ( FLUENT) — Dong chat long (FLUENT) 5. . Harmonic response — Tinh todn dap img diéu hoaLinear Buckling — Tinh toan 6n dinh Magnetostatic — Phan tich tir tinh Modal — Phan tich dao d6ng riéng 9. Random Vibration — Dao dong ngau nhién ens 10. Response Spectrum — Phan tich phd 11, Shape Optimization — T6i uu héa hinh dang 12. Static Structural — Phan tich tinh 13. Steady — State Thermal — Phan tich nhiét & trang thai én dinh 14. Thermal Electric — Nhiét dién 15. Transient Structural (ANSYS) — Két cdu qua do (ANSYS) 16. Transient Structural (MBD) — Két cau qua d6 (MBD) 17. Transient Thermal — Qué d6 nhiét Déi véi mét bai todn cu thé, phai xdc dinh duge dang eta bai todn va tir dé lua chon mé dun phi hop dé giai quyét vin dé ma bai todn dat ra. Déi voi méi dang bai img véi timg m6 dun sé c6 phuong phap giai khée nhau trong phan mém ANSYS 12. Van dé dat ra 1a thao tac dé giai nhiing bai toan dé trong phan mém ANSYS 12 nhw thé nao. Vi vay, tai ligu nay sé gidi thigu cach gidi, cach phan mém phan tich bai toan va dua ra phuong phap cy thé, tang quat doi voi mét sb dang bai toan co ban trong co hoc. Trong gidi han cua tai ligu nay, chi tap trung phan tich bai toan tinh (Static Structural), m@t sé bai toan dao d6ng riéng (Modal) va bai toan 6n dinh (Linear Buckling). 1.2. GIGI THIEU BAI TOAN CO HQC Co hoe cé dién 14 co sé cho su phat trién ciia cdc nganh khoa hoc ky thuat va cong nghé nhu: ché tao may, xdy dung... Co hoc cd. dién chia ra thanh ba phan lén: tinh hoc, dong hoc va dong luc hoe, tir dé cing 6 duge cac bai toan tinh hgc, bai toan dong hoc va bai toan dng lyc hgc. + Tinh hoe: Tinh hoc 14 mét phan nhanh cua vat ly lién quan dén viée phan tich cdc tai (Ive, moment luc) trén mt hé vat 6 trang thai can bang tinh cé nghia 1a trong trang thai ma vj tri tuong d6i gitta cdc thanh phan trong hé la khéng thay Gi theo thoi gian, hoc khi cdc thanh phan va cau trac dang ib6 trang thai dimg yén. Khi & trong trang thai can bang tinh, dimg yén hodc khoi tam cia no dang di chuyén voi van toc déu. Theo dinh luat IL Newton trang thai nay cé nghia la tong ngoai lye va moment luc trén méi vat trong hé bang khéng, c6 nghia 1 voi bat ky mét luc nao tac déng lén vat phai cd mét lye bang ve dd lén va nguge chiéu tac ‘dong én vat. Tir rang bude nay nhiing dai Iugng nhu nén hay ap luc c6 thé duge suy ra. Tong ngoai lye bang Khong duge biét voi tén diéu kign can bing thir nhat, va tng moment luc bing khong duge biét véi tén diéu kién can bang thir hai. Tinh hoc duge ding nhiéu trong vige phan tich céc cdu trac nh trong k¥ thuat kien trac va cau tric. Sire bén vat liéu 1a mot Tinh vue lién quan trong co hoc dya chu yéu trén viée tng dung can bang tinh. Thuy tinh hoc cdn duge biét dén véi tén tinh hoc chat ldng, 1a mét nganh nghién ctru chat long 6 trang thai dimg yén. Nganh nay phan tich cc hé 6 trang thai can bang tinh trong d6 6 cdc luc sinh ra do chat long co hoe. Dac tinh bat ky chat long nao 6 trang thai dimg yén 1a luc tac dong lén bat ky phan nao ciia chat long cing bang nhau theo moi huong, Néu luc la khéng bing nhau chat léng sé chay theo hudng cia téng lye. + Dong hoe: Nghién ctu m6 ta nhig hé vat chat dang trong qué trinh chuyén dong, nghién ciru cdc quy luat chuyén déng ciia vat thé don thuan vé hinh hoc, khéng dé cp dén khéi lugng va lye. Nhimg két qua khao sat trong dong hoc sé lam co sé cho viée nghién ctru toan dign cde quy Iuat chuyén dong cua vat thé trong phan dong lie hoc. Trong dong hoc, vat thé duge dua ra dudi hai mé hinh: dng diém va vat Dong diém 1a diém hinh hoc chuyén d6ng trong khong gian, cdn vat ran 1a tap hop nhiéu dong diém ma khoang cach gitra hai diém bat ky trong no luén luén khong di. Khi khao sat cdc vat thye cé kich thuéc Khong dang ké, c6 thé coi nhu mé hinh dong diém. Chuyén d6ng 1a sw thay di vi tri cia vat trong khong gian theo thdi gian. Don vj do d6 dai 1a mét va ky higu m, don vj do thdi gian 1a gidy va ky hiéu la s. Tinh chat cia chuyén déng phu thudc vao vat chon lam méc dé so sanh goi la hé quy chiéu. Trong déng hoc, hé quy chiéu duge ha chon ty y sao cho vige khao sat chuyén dong cua vat duge thuan tign. De co thé tinh todn ngudi ta con phai chon hé toa d6 gan voi hé guy chiéu. Dé don gian, théng thudng ding ngay hé toa d lam hé quy chieu. nTinh thoi gian thong thuong phai so sinh voi méc thoi diém to chon trude. Vé ndi dung, déng hoc phai tim cdch xéc dinh vj tri cua vat va mé ta chuyén dong cua vat theo thdi gian so véi hé quy chiéu da chon. Thong s6 xde dinh vi tri cua vat so voi hé quy chiéu da chon la thong sé don vj. Thong so don vi c6 thé la véc to, toa d6, goc... Quy ludt chuyén déng duge biéu dién qua cae biéu thire lién hé gitta cac thong 6 dinh vi véi thdi gian va duge goi la phuong trinh chuyén dong. Trong phuong trinh chuyén déng, thoi gian duge coi 1a déi sé déc lap. Khi khu déi so théi gian trong phuong trinh chuyén dong duge biéu thir lién hé gitta cac théng sé dinh vi goi la phuong trinh quy dao. Dé biéu thj tinh chat cua, chuyén dong chting ta dua ra cac dai luong van téc va gia téc. Van téc la dai lugng biéu thi huéng va toc di chuyén déng cia diém hay v . Gia téc 1a dai lugng biéu thi sy thay doi ctia van toc theo thi gian. Gia téc cho biét tinh chat chuyén déng déu hay bién ddi. Van téc va gia téc 1 cae dai Ivong phy thudc vao théi gian. Can ctr vao ndi dung ching ta chia dong hoc thanh hai phan: dong hoc diém va dong hoe vat ran. Khi khao sat dong hgc vat ran bao gid ciing gom hai phan: déng hoc cua ca vat va déng hoc cla diém thude vat. + Dong lue hoc: Déng luc hoc 1a m6t nganh trong co hoc chuyén nghién ciru chuyen dong ca cdc vat thé va mdi lién hé gitta ching v6i tuong tac gitta cac vat. Dong lye hoc quan tam dén nguyén nhan sinh ra chuyén d6ng cia cc vat, dé 1a lye. Dong lye hoe thiét lap cac dinh luat lién hé gitta lye tac dung voi nhimg dac trung dong hoc va ap dung cde dinh luat dé ed thé gidi cdc bai toan k¥ thuat. Co sé cua dong lye hoe trong thé gidi vi m6 (kich thude én hon c& milimet) 14 cde dinh lugt Newton va nguyén ly Galileo, theo co hoc cé dién hay tién dé cita thuyét tuong ddi. Co sé cla dong lye hoe trong thé gidi vi mé (kich thuée nhé hon c& micromet) chinh 1a thuyét lugng tur. Vat thé trong déng luc hoc duge xét dudi dang m6 hinh: chat diém, co hé, vat rn. Chat diém 1a mét diém hinh hoc c6 mang khéi lugng. chat diém 1a m6 hinh don gin nhat va co ban nhat ctia vat thé trong dong lye hge. Khac véi tinh hoe, luc trong dong lye hoc ¢6 thé la khéng d6i, c6 thé bién ddi ca vé dé lon lain phuong chiéu. Trong d6ng luc hoe, luc c6 thé 1a lye phu thuée vao thdi gian nhw luc kéo dau may, phy thuéc vao vi tri cua vat nhu lye hap dan, phu thuge 13vao van tée nhu lye can cia khong khi. M6t cach tong quat trong déng luc hoc luc 1a mét ham cia thoi gian, vj tri va van toc. Trong dong lye hoe, cdc Iwe duge phan chia thanh ndi lye, ngoai lye hay phan lye lién két. Ngoai lye 1 cae lye do chat diém hay vat thé ngoai hé tac dung vao hé, Phan lyc lién két 1a luc tac dung do cdc vat gay lién két lén co hé khao sat. Dé khao sat chuyén dng cua vat bao gid cling chon trudc mét hé quy, chiéu. Hé quy chiéu khéng phy thu6c vao thdi gian goi la hé quy chiéu quan tinh, nguge lai hé quy chiéu phy thudc vao thoi gian goi la hé quy chiéu kh6ng quan tinh.Chuong 2 TRINH TU’ PHAN TICH 2.1. BAITOAN TONG QUAT V6i méi bai toan cy thé déu cé phuong phap giai khéc nhau tuy yao cde diéu kién ma bai toan dua ra, vi thé m@i bai toan sé co mot dac trung riéng nhung trinh tw dé gidi mét bai toan trong ANSYS 12 gan nhu 1a giéng nhau vé mat tong quat, déu phai qua cdc trinh ty cy thé c6 lién di Trinh tu dé giai mot bai todn trong ANSYS 12 nhw hinh 2.1. Chon hé théng phan tich Thiét lap cdc thudc tinh vat ligu : Xay dung m6 hinh hinh hoc r 5 x Thiét lap m6 hinh phan tir hiru han (phan tir loi) ¥ Thiét lap cdc diéu kién bién ctia bai todn (rang buéc, tai...) _Y__ Giai (Phan tich) ¥ Xt ly va xem két qua Hinh 2.1 15Déi vi mét bai toan cu thé, déu phai thye hién cdc trinh ty gidi trén va doi héi su chinh xac, théng nhat voi nhau. Cac bude gidi mét bai toan cy thé déu duge phan mém thé hién duéi dang thu myc cay (Tree Outline) gitip ching ta cé thé dinh hudng, truce quan vé bai gidi, ve vi tri cae bude trong he théng mét bai giai. Chung ta c6 thé thay ddi cdc thong 36 hay nhimg diéu kién trong mét bude gidi vao bai cit lic nao trong qua iai Tat ca déu duge phan mém cap nhat va giai lai theo nhing théng s6 mdi. Vi vay sé rdt thuan tién trong qua trinh nghién ctu Iya chon phuong 4n nao 1a thich hop nhat. 2.2. BAI TOAN TINH Déi véi bai toan co hoc dang tinh tire 1a phdn tich vat thé 6 trang thai dimg yén dudi sy tac déng cta tai trong, lye hay mémen luc. ANSYS sé phan tich bai toan va cho thay duoc trang thai img suat, bién dang ctia chi tidt.. .Ciing c6 thé img dung dé kiém tra do n cua céc ket cau, tim ra tmg suat tai timg vi tri, tai vi tri ndo chju img suat lén nhat va mé phong su bién dang ctia chi tiét. Dé phan tich m6t bai toan két cdu dang tinh (Static Structural), phai thye hién cdc bude sau: 1, Engineering Data: Lua chon va thiét lap cdc théng sé vat ligu 2. Geometry: Xay dyng mé hinh hinh hoc 3. Model: Thiét lap mé hinh phan tir hiu han 4. Set up: Dat cde rang buéc va tai 5. Solution: Phan tich 6. Results: Két qua phan tich - is 2 & Engineering Date Va 38 Geometry a 4 @ Model 4 SB setup Pa * Bude 1. Engineering Data: Lua chon va thiét lap cdc thong sé vat liéu 16Két qua phan tich cua bai toan sé phy thude vao loai vat ligu. Vi vay khi giai bai ton voi ANSYS can phai xac lap ding nhimg thong i) vat ly ca vat ligu nhu mé dun dan hdi, hé s6 Poisson...ANSYS 12 cung cap thu vién vat liéu kha day du, ngoai ra déi voi timg vat ligu cdn cé thé thay doi cdc thong 36 vat ly sao cho phu hgp voi diéu kign bai toan. Xde dinh ding vat ligu va cac théng 86 cua vat ligu 1a nhimg diéu kién can thiét ban du khong thé thiéu dé cé thé phan tich bai todn hoac két cau mét cach chinh xac. Nhap dup chugt vao Engineering Data sé xuat hién thu vién vat ligu cua phan mem. Cong viée cua ngudi str “dung 1a lya chon nhimng vat ligu a c6 sin cla phan mém hoac tao ra thu vién vat liéu ip cac thong sé vat ly cho thuéc tinh cia vat liéu sao cho phi hop voi yéu ma bai toan dira ra nhu mé dun dan hoi £ hay hé s6 Poisson v, va tai vé cho bai todn ch sir dung trong khi giai @ cdc bude sau. lo ws | @ Engineering Data ‘Contents filtered for Static Structural (ANSYS), @ General Materials F General use material samples For use h various analyses 1 Cereral Norlin|General Materials General use material samples for use in norvlinear analy — nz ® & @ Expict materials a Material samples For use in an explict anaylis. @ a WB Hyperetastic Materials WB magnetic B+ Curves +H Curve samples specific For use in a magnetic analysi— Ur Favorites Quick access ist and defauk tems a Material stress-strain data samples for curve fitting. Sau khi dua vé cho bai toan nhiing vat li¢u can thiét, sé gan vat ligu cho chi set hoae timg bd phan khac nhau, riéng ré cia chi tiét voi muc dich cudi g 1a mé ta chi tiét va két cdu mot cach chinh xdc vé vat ligu str dung. Tién hanh thiét lap vat ligu cho chi tiét bing c4ch thao tac véi thu muc Model\Geometry trong mdi trudng Mechanical (méi truéng sé xudt hién & bude 3: Model). 17Bt Project BB Model (as) fe j eeeee EEEER Bak Coordnate Systems 5B Connections |e West 8-7] static structural (a5) AAS soiyas Settings I-71 Solution (46) — 1B Soktioninfornatien 1 Defaut Cocrdnate System erence Tergerohr [By Envkorvent |=) Material 4 es a Déi véi mdi b6 phan hay khéi riéng ré trong chi tiét (Solid, Surface, Line), chon vat ligu tai hép thoai Details of “Solid (Surface, ie Mat nel Assignment va chon vat ligu trong sé nhimg vat liéu da tai vé tir bude Engineering Data. * Buwéc 2. Geometry: Xay dung mé hinh hinh hoc Sau khi hoan thanh bude dau tién vé chon va cai dat cdc thong sé vat ligu, tien hanh xay dumg mé6 hinh hinh hoc cia bai toan hoac két c4u. Truéc tién, phai chon kiéu mé hinh hinh hoc sp x4y dymg cé thé 1a dang Line Bodies, Solid, 2D, 3D...Cach thao tic: nh4p chuét phai vao Geometry trong Static Structural va chon Properties. ___ Lie nay sé xudt hién h6p thoai Property, trong d6 c6 cdc Iya chon can quan tim dé 1a: 18+ Solid Bodies: mé hinh dang khdi. + Surface Bodies: m6 hinh dang mat. + Line Bodies: mé hinh dang dung. + Analysis Type (2D hode 3D): kiéu phan tich 2D hode 3D. Phai lua chon ding phuong phap dé chudn bi giai, néu khéng phan mém sé khéng hiéu hoac khéng cho phép thyc hign cdc buéc ti¢p theo. 4 ET - « 1 5 =i = : (get ey ‘fa Sold Bods 1 ‘Te Suface bodes | ? ‘ine bodes OU 10 Perameters u Porewoter Key 05 iz ‘irkes =| o I 3 ‘Nared Selections Oo 4 Materl Properties O (a Sea satin 2 . 17 | __Use Aesocativty wy 18] tot CardateSatos | ete 5 a Reader Mode Saves Undated Fie | [at | __teport Using inetances | 2 Sina CAD Update ile B Encosre and Symmetry Processing a fet Soe Sane Sau dé thiét ké mé hinh hinh hoc: nhdp dup chu6t vao 6 Geometry trong khung Static Structural, phan mém sé xuat hién méi trudng moi Design Modeler. Khi d6 phai chon don vi sir dung trong bude dymg m6 hinh hinh hoe. Viée xdc dinh nay la cn thiét va quan trong, hi ang don vi cla bai toan phai théng nhat trong timg bude tién hanh giai bai toan néu khéng thi két qua sé khéng chinh xc. Sau khi xac dinh don vi ta sé cé méi trudng mdi voi giao dign:Trong Design Modeler cé hai méi trudng xay dung mé hinh hinh hoe cua bai todn, dé 1a Sketching va Modeling. + Sketching: cho phép thiét ké véi cdc 1énh duge cung cép di dé c6 thé thao téc trong mdi truéng 2D nhw: Line, Circle, Oval, Rectangle, Ellipse... + Modeling: sau khi hoan thanh 6 méi trudng 2D, vao thé Modeling dé tao chi tiét hoan chinh. Trong Modeling cting c6 day du cdc lénh dé thiét ké nhu: Extrude, Sweep, Revole....dé xdy dung khéi 3D, hodc cting co thé Iya chon trong Concept dé tao ra phan tit cho bai toan. Co thé 1a phan tir thanh (Lines From Point, Line From Sketch, Line From Edges), hodc phan tir mat (Surface From Sketch). 1 BEES trecrronrons a Dya vao céc lénh hé trg nhu trén, ta c6 thé x4y dumg duge mé hinh hinh hoc ctia bai toan. Ngoai ra, ANSYS con hé tro cho ngudi dung céng cu hitu higu hon nita, do la nhap nhimg m6 hinh da duge thiét ké 6 cdc 20phan mém dé hoa khdc nhu Selidwork, Pro-Engineer, AutoCAD... gitip tiét kigm duge thoi gian va cong strc trong qua trinh phén tich két qua, bing cich nhap chudt phai vao 6 Geometry > chon Import Geometry > Browse dé nhap mé hinh hinh hoe cé sin Trarwfer Data From new Transfer Date To New Miter cover Sat sym pressure 20.12 phan mém CAD vao ANSYS 12. Trong céc phan mém CAD ma ta da biét thi AutoCAD 14 phan mém phé bién va duge nhiéu ngudi sir dung. Chinh vi vay tac gia sé dua ra cach nhap m6t m6 hinh tir AutoCAD vao phan tich trong ANSYS. + Sau khi hoan thanh thiét ké chi tiét & AutoCAD, xuét file nay sang dinh dang *.sat. Trong AutoCAD vao File > chon Export... 21Chon dinh dang file xuat ra la *.sat. ea Quay tro & lai méi trugng AutoCAD, chon nhimg déi tuong cin Export > Enter. + Sau khi xuat ra file *.sat, khéi dong ANSYS Workbench va vao mé dun can phan tich. Nhap chudt phai vao Geometry > chon Import Geometry > Browse... va chi dén file *.sat can Import. > _Crowol sa SS 0d ‘Transfer Data ToNew Update Refiess Reset Nhu vay nho kha nang tich hop ctia ANSYS vé6i céc phan mém dé hoa khdc ma cé thé don gian héa viéc tao mé hinh hinh hoc cho mét bai toan phan tich va mé rong pham vi tinh toan. 22“Bude 3. Model: Thiét lp mé hinh phdn tic hitu han Nhu da gidi thigu, ANSYS 14 phan mém dya trén phuong phap phan tir hiru han dé phan tich cdc bai toan. Vi vay viée xy dung mo hinh phan tir hiru han (chia luéi phan tir) 1a rat quan trong trong viée phan tich bai toan. Phan mém sé giai trén timg phan tir nho cua chi tiét va dua ra két qua. Sau khi x4y dyng xong mé hinh hinh hoc cho bai toan, tién hanh chia Iu6i phan tir cho mé hinh vita tao ra dé phin mém c6 thé phan tich trén timg phin tir va dua ra két qua chinh xae nhat cho bai toiin. Vige chia lu6i cang chat ché, sé lugng phan tir sau khi chia lu6i céng nhiéu thi bai todn phn tich cang chinh xdc. Nhp dup chuét vao 6 Model, phan mém sé ty dong xuat hién mi trudng lam viée moi dé la Mechanical. Trong giao dién Mechanical c6 4 vung chinh: + Thanh céng cu 6 phia trén cla hOp thoai Mechanical. + Outline: Thir ty cdc bude thue hién bai todn duge trinh bay duéi dang cay. + Details View: Chi tiét cho bude dang thyc hién. + Graphics: Noi mé phong bai toan, thé hign tai, cdc rang buéc... C6 thé thay 16 6 giao dign sau: oo — [Binns fos ai RN) aes hg 23O-hép-thoai Outline, phan mém thé hién cdc bude phai thye hién thanh dang cdy thu myc. Trong Model cé 4 bude con: + Geometry: M6 ti dang hinh hoc va thiét lap vat ligu cho timg phan cua chi tiér. + Coordinate System: Hé toa dé (theo mac dinh). _ + Conections: Lién két (thé hién sy lign két gitta cde phan tir cia két cau). + Mesh: Chia hrdi phan ti. Chi thuc hién bude Conections 6 nhing chi tiét phan tich duge tao thanh tir nhig phan (Part) niéng ré kha nhau nhiéu. Khi xy dung m6 hinh tinh, phai khai bao cho phan mém vé lién két gitta nhing phan nay. Phan mém sé dua ra cdc lua chon duge thé hién trong Details of Contact Region\Definition\Type dé la + Bonded; Dan, dinh lién, +No Separation: Khéng tach rdi. + Frictionless: Tiép xtic kh6ng cé ma sat. + Rough: Tiép xtic thd. + Frictional: Tiép xtc c6 ma sat. Details of "Contact Region” a Tigp theo, tién hanh chia lu6i tai bude Mesh trong Project\Model (A4); nhap chudt phai 1én dong Mesh xuét hién cac tiy chon sau: 4Chia ludi theo mac dinh: + Generate Mesh. Hoc ciing cé thé cai dat cho viée chia ludi: + Method: Phuong phap chia ludi. + Sizing: Theo kich thudée. + Contact Sizing: Kich thuée lién két. + Refinement: Lam min. + Mapped Face Meshing: Chia theo ludi ban dé. + Match Control: Kiem soat chia ludi an khép. + Pinch: Vat nhon. + Inflation: Bom phéng. Buéc 4. Set up: Dat cdc rang bude va tai Tuong img 1a & bude Static Structural (AS) trong cay thu muc Outline, xudt hién trong mdi truéng Mechanical khi khoi dong Model. Két hop vdi viée chon vj tri (mat phang, diém, dudng, khdi...) trén cdu tric chia mé hinh, thiét lap tai cde vi tri do 1a tai trong, phan lye hay cdc rang budéc sao cho that chinh xdc v6i diéu kign bai toan dua ra hay diéu kién lam viée cu thé ctia két cdu vé ca tinh chat va d6 Ion. Vide xde dinh dang tai, diém dat lue hay nhiing rang bude cla két cdu c6 thé duoc xem 1a bude khé trong viée tién hanh phan tich bing ANSYS, ddi hoi ngudi sir dung phai c6 kién thite tét vé ky thuat dé viée phan tich bai toan dat dure két qua chinh xac. 25Tién hanh dat tai va cac rang bude bing cach tuong tac voi dong lénh Static Structural. Nhép chudt phai lén vj tri ctia déi tuong can thiét lap > chon I€nh Insert dé chen cac tai trong, lye va rang budc tai vi tri trén chi tiét 4 chon & méi trudng graphics. Cac luc, phan luc lién két c6 thé Iya chon dugc thé hién ra h6p thoai khi nhap chu6t phai lén vj tri cia d6i tong cn thiét lap va chon Insert tai déng lénh Static Structural: + Acceleration: Gia téc. + Standard Earth Gravity: Trong luc. + Rotational Velocity: Van téc quay. + Pressure: Ap lye. + Hydrostatic Pressure: Ap lye thay tinh. + Force: Luc. + Remote Force: Luc tit xa. + Bearing Load: Luc phan bé trén 6 lan. + Bolt Pretension: Luc xiét ctia bu léng. + Moment: M6 men. + Line Pressure: Ap luc dang duéng. + Thermal Condition: Ché dé nhiét. + Joint Load: Tai trong dat tai nut. + Fluid Solid Interface: Ap lye déng chay trén bé mat. + Fixed Support: Géi twa cé dinh. + Displacement: Chuyén vi. + Remote Displacement: Chuyén vi tir xa. + Frictionless Support: Tya khéng ma sat. + Compression Only Support: Chi dé lye nén. + Cylindrical Support: Tya khéi tru. + Elastic Support: Twa dan hdi. 26@T Acceleration S = 1@| Standard Earth Gravity AG) sok F596 dg, rotational Velocity Berne F ® Hydrostatic Pressure @, Force &p Remote Force ®, pearing Load \s of "Static Structural (AS)" “aij Bolt Pretension efinition ], Moment wastes: perch ®, Line Pressure ahs Type Static Street | gy thermal Condtion aver Target ANTS Mechanic | a toad ale Fluid Sold interface _ anerate Input Only [NO &, Fixed Support @ displacement ® Remote Displacement '&, Frictionless Support zaPlanes. &, Compression Only Support ix@ © cyindrical Support &, Elastic Support B Motion Loads... ——+ * Buéc 5. Solution: Phan tich Sau khi xdc dinh cac thong s6 vat ligu, xay dung mé hinh hinh hoc, dt tai, phan luc va cdc rang bude cho bai todin cy thé, tién hanh phan tich bai tofin. Vige phan tich nay 1 do phan mém ty gidi quyét, cong viée cia ngudi sir dung 1a chon kiéu phan tich tong img voi myc tiéu cia bai toan va ch phan mém xi ly trong it phut dé dua ra két qua phan tich. Chon kiéu phan tich va biéu din két qua bang cach thao tac véi dong lénh Solution: Nhap chu6t phai vao Solution va chon Insert dé xudt cac két qua phan tich nhu sau: + Stress tool — Ung suat + Deformation — Bién dang + Strain — D6 gian dai + Linearized Stress — Ung suat tuyén tinh Trong cdc bai toan phan tich tinh thudng chi y toi bién dang (Deformation) va img suat (Stress). 27% Bwoc 6. Results, Két qua phan tich Sau khi da chon kiéu phan tich va dua ra két qua cho bai todn, tién hanh cho phan mém xir ly bang thao tac nhdp chuét phai Ién dong Solution (A6) > chon Solve. 3 Ad) Sou Insert > +f Evaluate All Results Z].Gean lb Rename Két qua phan tich cia phin mém ¢ buée Solution sé duoc thé hién két qua bai todn (Result), Chon vao bat ctr dong nao trong Solution, vi du nhu chon Total Deformation hay Equivalent Stress... thi phan mém déu dua ra két qua phan tich két hop vi hinh anh true quan. Ching ta co thé xem chuyén vi ln nhdt, nhé nbdt hay chuyén vi bat ky 6 bat cit vj trf nao trén chi tiét bang cach sir dung 3 nit lénh trén + Max: chi ra noi ma gia tri 1a Ion nhat. + Min: chi ra noi gid trj 1a nho nhat. + Probe: chon vao bat cit diém nao trén chi tiét sé hign thj két qua tai vj tri do. 2.3. PHAN TICH BAI TOAN DAO DONG RIENG ,, , Dao dong la mét qua trinh trong d6 c6 mét dai lrgng vat ly thay doi theo thoi gian ma cé mOt dac diém nao dé lap lai ft nhat mét lan. Dao dng 14 mét hién tugng phé bién trong tr nhién va trong ky thuat, Cac may, cdc phuong tién giao théng van tai, cdc toa nha cao tang hay nhitng chiéc cau...la cdc hé dao déng trong ky thuat. Vi vay viéc phan tich mét bai todn dao dng sé c6 tmg dung rat Ién. Trong bai todn phan tich dao dng riéng ta ciing thyc hién day di 6 bude: 1, Engineering data: Lya chon va thiét lap cdc thong sé vat ligu 2,,Geometry: Xay dung m6 hinh hinh hoc 3. Model: Thiét lap mé hinh phan tir hitu han 4. Set up: Thiét lp cdc rang bude va tai 285. Solution: Phan tich 6. Results: Két qua phan tich [-[4 va w|olalayo|n Modal (ANSYS) Buée 1, 2 va 3 lam trinh tr gidng nhu bai toan phan tich cau tric dang tinh. Buwéc 4. Set up: Dat cdc rang bude va tai. O bai toan phan tich dao déng riéng (Modal) c6 sy khaéc nhau so v6i bai toan tinh tir bude 4 (Set up) dé 14 bude dat tai va cae diéu kién bién. Trong bude nay, déi voi bai toan dao d6ng riéng, ta chi dat duge cdc rang bude cua hé chi khong thé dat duge tai va cac lure tac dung nhu & bai ton phan tich tinh. Nhép chuét phai lén dong Modal, chon Insert sé xuat hign cdc Iya chon rang buéc nhu sau: Project Trong phan tich dao d§ng riéng, phan mém chi dwa ra cdc Iya chon rang budc trong ban than két cau ma khéng thé dat tai trong va cdc luc tac dung tir bén ngoai nhw trong bai todn phan tich tinh. 29Cac Iya chon vé rang budc cita bai todn dao d6ng nhu sau: Thermal Condition — Diéu kién nhiét d6 Fixed Support — Géi tya cé dinh Displacement — Chuyén vi Remote Displacement — Chuyén vi tit xa Frictionless Support — Tya khéng ma sat Compression Only Support — Chi 46 lye nén Cylindrical Support - Tya khéi try Elastic Support — Géi tya dan hoi “ Bude 5. Solution: Phan tich Sau khi dat lén chi tiét cac rang bude, tién hanh phn tich bai toan dé dua ra két qua. Thudng thi chi tiét cé thé bj rung déng 6 nhiing tn sé khac nhau vi vay ta phai chon tan s6 dé phan mém thé hién két qua phan tich. Theo mac dinh cia phan mém thi cé 6 dang dao déng tuong tmg véi 6 tan sé. Nhdp chuét phai lén dong Timeline, chon Select All: chon tat ca cae tan sé. Nh&p chuét phai lén déng Timeline, chon Create Mode Shape Result: tao ra hinh dang két qua dao dng cua chi tiét. = 200m To Range 449.27 | “I | Sau dé nhép chu6t phai lén dong Solution (B6), chon Evalue All Result: Dinh gid tri clia tat ca cdc két qua. 30Ung voi mdi tin so phan mém sé dua ra mot két qua bién dang tuong img voi dang dao dang 4 tan sé do. + Bude 6. Results: Két gua phan ttch Sau khi phan tich phan mém sé dua ra két qua mé phéng sy bién dang ctia chi tiét. Chon vao bat ky dong Total Deformation nao trong 6 dong tuong ting véi 6 tan sé dao dong ma phan mém tim ra thi déu xem duoc két qua bién dang hay chuyén vj ciia chi tiét dao dong 6 tan sé 46. {#] Solution Information ABB Total Deformation ABB Total Deformation 2 -A®& Total Deformation 3 {GB Total Deformation 4 A@Y Total Deformation 5 -A@B Total Deformation 6 pé xem chuyén vj lén nhat, nho nhét hay chuyén vj bat ky 6 bat cit vi tri nao trén chi thi str dung ba nit lénh xuat hién & phia trén man hinh: |e | | BoProbe, | = | Bese Max: chi ra noi ma gid tri 1a 16n nhat. Min: chi ra noi gid tri 14 nhé nat. Probe: chon vao bat cir diém nao trén chi tiét sé hién thi két qua tai vi tri d6. 2.4. PHAN TICH BAI TOAN DAO BONG RIENG KET HOP _ Day 1a dang bai todn dao déng véi su xudt hién anh hung cla tmg suat. Chiing ta c6 thé khic phuc han ché cia bai toan dao déng riéng 6 ché: thém vao bai toan tim dao d6ng riéng cdc tai trong hay lye tac dung, vi vay cé thé mé réng duge img dung ciia bai toan. Dé lam duoc diéu nay, ching ta két hop hai mé dun trong hOp thoai Toolbox, do la Static Structural va Modal. Trude tién, tgo hé théng phan tich thir nhdt Static structural (phan tich tinh) bing cach nh&p dup chugt lén m6 dun Static Structural trong hép thoai Toolbox. 3fey emu (uae) 9 Explce Dynamics (Ansys) BD Fluid Flow (crx) @ Fluid Flow (FLUENT) GY Hormonic Response (ANSYS) BY bree Bucking (aNsys) 1) magnetostatic (ansy5) {9 Modal (ansys) HY Rencdom vibration (Ansys) {BY Response Spectrum (ANSYS) } Shape Optimization (At5YS) Ei Static Stroctoral (ANSYS) ‘s<- iacales GD Steady-state Thermal (ANSYS) @) Thermal-clectric (aNSYS) Sau khi hé théng phan tich tinh da xudt hién, tién hanh kéo va tha (thao tac gitt chuét trai) mé dun “Modal” t6i vi tri 6 Solution trong bang cha hé théng phan tich tinh da tao ra trude do. tay cet anorsy Expl Dynamics (ANSYS) zi A &@ Fhid Flow (crx) 4 {@ Fhid Flow (FLUENT) 2 | @ Engineering Data Harmonic Response (ANSYS) = BD Lines Bucking (Ansys) SD tenet @) Magretostafe TINS 4B Mode! {GY Random vibration (ANSYS) BY Response Spectrum (ANSYS) & shape Optimization (ANSYS) (Ep tate Sroceral ansvs) ——] Static Structural (ANSYS) GB Steady-State Thermal (ANSYS) Thermal-Electric (ANSYS) Sau khi thao tac xong, man hinh s& xudt hién hé théng phan tich thir hai (System B — Modal) lién két véi hé théng phan tich tinh thir nhat (System A — Static Structural): 32 8 1 Pa rE 2 | @ Engineering Data Y 482 | @ Engineering Date 18 Geometry, 41@ Moe 5 a Setup 6S Solution - ze Solution 7 ie Results 7 |@ Resuks ‘Static Structural (ANSYS) TEENSNhu vay bude Solution & hé thong A sé duge chuyén sang bude Setup & hé thong B véi cdc théng sé 1a tuong ty nhau, Bude 5B sé 1A bude tiép theo ctia bude 6A va nhu vay cé thé tao su lién tuc cho mét bai toan lién két gitta hai mé dun ma két qua sé la két qua phan tich clia hé théng Modal. ** Bude 2 (Engineering Data), bude 3 (Geometry) va bude 4 (Model) tuong tyr nhu bai toan phan tich tinh. Cac bude nay 6 ca hai hé théng phan tich déu ngang nhau, két qua hé théng bén nay ciing 1a két qua ciia hé théng kia. Vi vay chi can thao tac ba bude nay 6 cing mot hé théng va tién hanh thye hién gidi cdc bude cia mét bai todn nhw binh thudng cia mét bai phan tich tinh. Trong Outline cia méi truéng Mechanical: (Bi Project ©) (S] Model (a4, Bs) = AR Geometry v2% Coordinate Systems Connections /@ Mesh [9S] Static Structural (a5) WZq Analysis Settings 2k] Solution (46) AQ] Solution Information Modal (B5) © Pre-Stress (Static Structural) VLQ Analysis Settings |g] Solution (B86) 4] Solution Information # z} ag Outline ciia bai toan nay cing gidng nhw bai todn phan tich binh thudng, efing gom cdc bude ma ngudi str dung phai thye hién. Bude Modal (BS) thyc hién sau buéc Solution cita bude Static Structural (A6). Vi vay ta c6 thé thay rd viée két hop hai m6 dun dé co thé ma rong pham vi cho cae bai toan cdn gidi, + Buc 5. Static Structural - AS (Tuong img véi bude Setup) Nhé vigc két hop mé dun Static Structural vao m6 dun Modal ma bai toan phan tich dao ddng riéng ctia phan mém sé c6 higu qua hon, pham vi tmg dung lén hon. Nhu déi véi bai toan phin tich dao déng niéng binh thuéng da trinh bay & trén thi bai ton khong thé dat tai va cae luc tac dung. Nhung trong cach giai két hgp nay ta hoan toan 6 thé lam duge diéu 46. Bai toan dao dong riéng hoan toan cé thé cé day du nhimg 33ty chon vé tai trong, vé lye tac dung va vé cdc rang budc nhy trong bai toan phan tich tinh. Nhdp chudt phai lén dong Static Structural, chon Insert va sau d6 dat 1én chi tiét nhimg rang bude, luc, tai trong...sao cho chinh xdc voi yéu cau cita bai todn dat ra. Ta cé thé thay r0 cae Iya chon sau: (Bl Project © Gi Model (as, 4) JD Geometry yak Coordinate Systems. [JAB Connections 2 Mesh a) - ______] 7h sy EEE ration 7S 50 | Standard Earth cravty 3a mound 7 EAS _ @, rotational Velocity JB res Pressure FE nay] oD Rename a te SOMAGT D, Hydrostatic Pressure AB) Solution Information | P+ Force &, remote Force ©, seerngioad Details of “Static Structural (A5)" “efj Bot Pretension =] Definition ~ Moment ehwaks Te ew '&, Une Pressure Analysis Type. Katic Structural] ____| Satie Structurally thermal Condtion @ dot Load @,, Fuid Sold interface _|@ Fixed Support & displacement. & Remote Displacement @, Frictonless Sunport ‘Soeteh bes & compression Only Support jax | @ cylindrical Support , Elastic Support ie Motion Loads, fa Commands *% Bude 6. Solution (A6) Sau khi dat cdc rang bude day dii ta tién hanh bude phan tich Solution & Static Structural. Nh§p chuét phai lén dong Solution (A6) > chon Solve. Cho trong it phut va phan mém sé ty dong dua toan bé két qua phan tich nay sang bude BS (Modal) dé dua ra ket qua phan tich 6 dang bai toan dao déng riéng va tim tan so riéng. 34* Bude 7. Modal (B5) _Trong bude nay, tién hanh cai dat phan tich cho bai toan: chon 30 tan s6 dao déng 1én nhat ctia chi tiét cho phan mém. Khi phan tich phan mém sé dua ra két qua bién dang va tmg suat tmg vai mdi tan sé do. Buéc 8. Solution (B6) Sau khi nhimg két qua phan tich cia bai toan duge chuyén tir bude Solution (A6) sang bude Modal (BS) thi bat dau vao viée tay chon xem két qua phan tich bai toan & bude Solution (B6). Chon vao bat ky dong Total Deformation nao trong 6 dong tong img voi 6 tan sé dao dong ma phan 3 mém tim ra thi déu xem durge két qua bien dang hay chuyén vi cita chi tiét dao dong 6 tan sé 46 nhu hinh bén dudi (gid thiét ring ta dat gid tri bang 6 cho buc tim sé tin sé dao Ong): Bs) JL] Solution Information & Total Deformation & Total Deformation 2 A€B Total Deformation 3 ARB Total Deformation + & Total Deformation 5 @B Total Deformation 6 Trong khi xem két qua, ta cd thé xem chuyé én vi lén nbat, nho nhat hay chuyén vj bat ky o bat cir vj tri nao trén chi tiét bang cach sir dung 3 nut lénh xuat hign & phia trén man hinh; % 8 Frebe Max: chi ra noi ma gid trj 1a én nhat. Min: chi ra noi gia tri la nho nhat. Jobe: Chon bat cir diém nao trén chi tiét va sé hién thi két qua tai vi tri d6. 35Chuong 3 PHAN TICH BAI TOAN DAM - LINE BODIES 3.1. BAI TOAN 3.1 Cho dam hinh yung véi kich thudéc 1 x 1 x 4 (inch), vat liéu 1a thép két cdu (Structural Steel), chju tai trong P = 500 Ibs dat tai mét dau ty do va dau cén lai cia dam duge cé dinh (ngam) nhu hinh 3.1. Hinh 3.1 500 Ibs. Xac dinh chuyén vi cia dim theo phuong thing dimg (phuong Y) va img sudt xudt hién trong dam. Buéc 1: Chon mé dun phan tich Khdi déng ANSYS Workbench, chon mé dun phan tich: Static Structural (phan tich tinh). key cretarn anor) G9 Exclicit Dynamics (Ansys) & Fluid Flow (crx) © Fluid Flow (FLUENT) (& Harmonic Response (ANsYS) (BD Linear Bucking (ANSYS) Magnetostatic (ANSY'S) (@ Modal (ansys) (Random Vibration (ANsYS) (GD Response spectrum (ANSYS) © shape Optimization (ANSYS) Skate Strctaral ANSYS) SG ET ‘Steady-State Thermal (ANS¥S) @ Thermal-Eiectric (aNSYS) Buée 2: Thiét lap vat li¢u cho bai toan Nhap dtip chu6t Engineering Data > chon Structural Steel. 37Sau khi chon vat ligu la Structural Steel thi quay lai méi truong Project Schematic (chon vao biéu tugng: Greuntoroet tran gdc phai cla cira s6 man hinh). Vi phan mém da mic dinh vat liéu 1a thép két cdu nén cé thé bo qua viée chon lai vat ligu. Tuy nhién déi v6i nhiing bai toan sir dung nhiéu loai vat ligu khac nhau, khong thé bo qua bude nay ma phai chon va tai ve day du cdc loai vat ligu can thiét. Bue 3: Xay dyng mé hinh hinh hgc Truéc khi xéy dmg mé hinh cho bai toan phai xac dinh phan tir ma phan mém sé can ctr dé giai quyét bai toan, bang cach nhap chuét phai vao Geometry > chon Properties. Sold Bakes Salace Bode | re odes 0 Paronetars u | Parometerkey os 2 aerbutes 8 Nared Selections Sau khi h6p thoai trén xudt hién, chon phan tir Line Bodies bang cach danh dau vao 6 vuéng bén phai ciia né va dong hdp thoai nay. Nhép dip chuét vao 6 Geometry, phan mém sé xuat hign méi trudng mdi. Day 1a méi trudng Design Modeler ma sé tién hanh tao mo hinh hinh hoc cho bai todn. Trong mdi trugng nay sé co hai the: Sketching va Modeling. 38Tién hanh vao thé Sketching dé x4y dyng m6 hinh 2D cho bai todn. Chon mat phang vé 1a mat XY bing cdch nhdp chudt trai vao chiéu duong cita véc to truc toa dé Z, duge mat phang vé XY nhu hinh: live i we % itiaie terse imme Gah + Chon Ignh vé dudng thing bing cach vao Draw > chon Line va vé m6t dogn thing xuat phat tir gdc toa dé (khéng can quan tam toi chiéu dai doan thing). Sau d6 chon Draw Dimensions > Horizontal dé dinh kich thuée cho doan thang vira vé. i i i | 39Phia dudi géc trai man hinh sé xuat hign h6p thoai Details View. Sau d6 vao Dimensions 1 va dinh gid tri chiéu dai H1 1a 4 inch. Sau khi thiét lap chiéu dai cho doan thing, xem nhu da hoan thanh xong céng viée & méi trudng 2D. Tiép theo xAy dung m6 hinh bai toan tir doan thang 2D vira tao ra. Vao Concept > Lines From Sketches 4é dinh nghia cho mé hinh tir doan thing tao ra trong méi trudng Sketching. BS spi copes 1 safsces Fran foes 4 eB surtaces From Seatches ress Seton , Oowarl Trong Details View, ta théy hdp thoai dang can nhép Base Object, chon Sketch! trong Tree Outline, sau d6 chon Apply. Fle Greate Concert Tools View Heb [OEMS || Ove Grew ae See | Fowate ahve Tosiny | Mie rewtutee 28 i Stabe Seta (TS) 40Sau khi chon Sketch] cho Base Object, nhap chuét vao biéu tuong 3} Generate trén g6c tréi man hinh, Toi day da tao xong phan tir Line Bodies cho bai toan. Tiép theo xdc dinh tiét dién. Chon Concept > Cross Section > Rectangular dé xdc dinh tiét dign cia dam 1a hinh chit nhat. Fie Crete [conch Toc Mow Hob 123 bed BS tres From pores seme [QR | ‘fang | tre From thes Feemue % lrechem Eames Fearrae esr be Cetecke ne Sole Edge ; = @ Suteces From Edges a © Crater tbe E cher scion HE tsecion L2secin Lt sean Arsen Rrascin | Ex encore rte | tn Ue reaps , Tong hp thoai Details View, nhap hai kich thude chiéu dai va chicu rong. D6i v6i bai nay, tiét dién la hinh vudng nén nh4p théng so cho chiéu dai B va chiéu rong H déu la 1 inch. Tiép theo phai xée nhén tiét dign vira tao ra 1a mat edt ciia dim nén chon Line Body trong Tree Outline. Trong hép thoai Details View\Details of Line Body\Cross Section ta chon Rectl. ee : T[Detais of tine body (ed [ne best —— i i 41Nhu vay ching ta da xdy dmg xong mé hinh hinh hoc cho bai toan. Ching ta c6 thé déng cita sb Design Modeler lai ma khéng can quan tm dé luu lai hay chua vi phan mém sé ty d6ng lay mé hinh hinh hoc vita tao ra cho cdc bude tiép theo cla bai ton. Buse 4: Chia lwéi Vao lai méi trugng Workbench, nhap dip chugt vao 6 Model thi méi trudng mdi sé xudat hién, d6 1a méi trudng Mechanical. Cac bude tiép theo ciia bai toan déu thuc hién trong méi trudng nay. Méi trung méi sé cé giao dign nhu sau: Cac bude cn lai cia bai todn déu duge thé hién & hp thogi Tree Outline xudt hién & géc trén bén trai man hinh. Ta phai lan lugt hoan thanh cdc bude theo tuan ty tir trén xudng. Pau tién tién hanh chia lw6i phan tir, chia ludi theo mac dinh: Nhap chuét phai vio Mesh > chon Generate Mesh. aSau khi chia ludi dam sé ¢6 hinh anh nhu sau: Buéc 5: Dat tai trong va cac rang bugc lén dam Dat lye tai mét dau cia dim: Nh4p chuét phai vao Static Structural (AS) > chon Insert > chon Force. Chon biéu tuong fl xuat hién phia trén man hinh dé chon diém. Sau d6 chon diém cudi trén mét dau ctia dam. Trong h6p thogi Details of Force > chon Scope > Geometry > Apply. Trong h6p thoai Definition > chon Define By > Component. Dat Y Component = -500 Ibf va gid tri 0 cho X Component va Y Component.Tiép theo dat rang bude cho dim: Nhap chuét phai lén Static Structural > chon Insert > chon Fix Support. “a ba | Sanda Eath ay 2 isan Bere le naatona vec A oe Chon diém dau cén lai ca dam va sau dé chon Apply trong Details of “Fix Support”\ Geometry. Nhu vay ta da tién hanh dat tai va cdc didu kién bién cho bai toan. Tiép theo la xir ly va xem két qua tinh todn cua phin mém. Bude 6: Xir iy va xem két qua bai toan Nhép chudt phai 1én dong Solution (A6) > chon Insert > Deformation >Total dé xem két qua bién dang tng cia dam. 44Nhép chudt phai 1én dong Solution (A6) > chon Insert > Beam Tool > Beam Tool dé xem ing suat xuat hifa: trong dim. i AB Geometry B Yak Coordinate Systems Mech 5) static Structural (AS) \ Beals Sets Sau d6 chon lénh Solve tir biéu tugng =f Solve trén thanh céng cu dé phan mém tién hanh giai (may tinh can vai phut dé xr ly). + Hién thi chuyén vi bang céch chon Solution > Total Deformation. Két qua chuyén vi Ién nhdt véi bai toan nay 1a: 0.004625 in.ah Tal Data Aometon DU) WL G10 Freres y 20 (hito) Ta thay chuyén vj cia dim s& nho dan tir téc dung luc t6i diém dat rang bude cé dinh va phin mém thé hign diéu nay bang nhing mau tuong trung cho gid tri img voi mdi diém trén dam. + Hién thj img sudt cia dam: Chon Solution > Beam Tool > Maximum Combined Stress. K&t qua tng sudt lon nhat 1a 12000 psi. Tuong ty nhu nhiing phan truéc, ta co thé xem két qua chuyén vi va img suat lén nhat, nho nhat hay gia trj & bat ky vj tri nao trén chi tiet bing cach sir dung ba nut Iénh: | 46Y Giai bai toan trén bang phwong phap tinh ton: ‘Thép két cdu c6 m6 dun dan hi E = 29007557 psi, hé so Poisson v = 0.3 3 Oni thite tah chuyda vj: 6= 2% 4 SEE 3EI | 5AG Trong dé: G= E_ _ 29007557 =11156753psi 20+v) 2(1+0.3) Chuyén vi co gid tri: ; 2 pa Pe, 6PL ____(sonbbysiny"___, 900X4t0) — 9 goagztin. 5 (3(29007557psiy) LinXtiny” atm a a Ung sudt c6 gid tri: (500/b)(4in)(0.5in) = 12000psi Két qua chuyén vi gitta hai phuong phdp tinh toan va mé phong nhu sau: Tinh toan: 0.004627 in. M6 phéng ANSYS: 0.004625 in. Két qua tmg suat gitta hai phuong phép tinh todn va mé phong nhu sau: Tinh toan: 12000 psi. M6 phéng ANSYS: 12000 psi. _ Nhu vay két qua gitta phuong phap tinh toan va phan mém ANSYS Ja gan nhu nhau. Sir dung phuong phap tinh toan chi tinh duge & mét vi tri nhat dinh, cdn mé phong bing ANSYS ta cé thé phan tich 6 moi diém. Qua dé ta thay duge sy tign loi va chinh x4e eta phan mém ANSYS va lgi ich cha phan mém dem lai. Chi can ta dat cdc gid tri ding thi gid tri két qua dua ra 1a hoan toan chinh xdc. 3.2. BAI TOAN 3.2 - LINE BODIES Dam v6i tai va rang buéc nhu hinh 3.2. a74000 N 4000 N Hinh 3.2 Dam c6 kich thuée 0.4 x 0.05 x 1 (m), Dam tua lén g0i cé dinh & dau A va géi di dong & dau B. Tai trong 4000N dat tai cae vi tri C va D. Vat ligu cia dam 1a thép két cdu (Structural Steel) voi m6 dun dan héi E = 73 GPa, hé so Poisson v = 0.3. Tim chuyén vi va tmg sudt trong dam bang phan mém ANSYS 12. Bue 1: Khéi dong ANSYS Workbench Chon m6 dun giai bai toan 1a Static Structural (phan tich tinh). wey crue ainor2y G8 Explicit Dynamics (ANSYS) & Pid Fiow (CFx) @ Fluid Flow (FLUENT) Harmonic Response (ANSYS) (Linear Bucking (Ansys) © Macnetostatic (ANsYS) BD Modal (Ansys) {HY Rendom Vibration (aNSYS) (GD Response Spectrum (ANSYS) ©) Shape Optimization (ANSYS) ‘Static Structural (ANSYS) © steady-state Thermal (ANSYS) @ Thermal-tlectric (Ansys) Static Structural (ANSYS) Buse 2: Thiét lip thong sé vat ligu cho bai toan Phan mém mac dinh vat ligu 1a Structural Steel, ta van sir dung vat ligu nay nhung sé thay d6i thong sé mé dun dan hai E va hé sé Poisson v theo ding yéu cau ciia bai toan. Nhép dip chudt vao 6 Engineering Data, xudt hién h6p thoai Outline Filter. Vao h6p thoai nay va chon 6 Engineering Data (A2). 487 a a] ¢ ° 4 7 z 2 [@ trareerng baa A2___| Content ira fe tate Stra (SYS) rs [CI] _ | Gereral ue mater sage or sein varios ana | 4 [OW cerersinerines eatonas [CJ] | cereraluse material sanpes fer use nroninear aah | a ole kori songdes for use Wi an pick anal © [ED rrpersaaivoteise LJ] __| Mato aresnaran dosaneesfexcavering | 7 [0 Moree eHcivet (CI) __| BH cuveranples spec oruza na magnate anays 01> Fewartes ~—_T eulck acess it red defen tems x Sau khi xudt hign “Outline of Schematic A2: Structural Steel”, chon vat ligu Structural Steel (néu thao tac khéng lam xuat hién “Outline of Schematic A2: Structural Steel” thi ta vao View > chon Outline thi h6p thoai trén ciing sé xuat hién). | Fatigue Data at zero mean stress comes frem 3 % seuctural eet (© | 1998 asm Bev Cove, Sextion 8, OW 2, Table - Chae adia row msl [oa rperaiane Matera eT 7 [li ropeiconcuves [Jah [Bei Cuvesancies peat for usin meget anay gb Forres T ‘Quick access et and deFadt Res tha Tiép theo vao View > chon Properties sé xuft hién “Properties of Outline Row 3: Structural Steel”. Chon Property > Isotropic Elasticity ta tién hanh thay déi m6 dun dan hdi (Young’s Modulus) £ = 7.3E+10 va hé s6 Poisson (Poisson’s Ratio) v = 0.3. density &_% Coefficient of thermal Emansion SF isotope Elastaty ‘Young's Modus [7xH0 [Pe koe a Pobsoris Ratio 03 3 Aternatng Strezs NeonSuess |) Teodor io 13 GA Stran-tife Parameters IC £ ne a > 49Sau khi thiét lap xong cac théng s6, quay lai méi trudng Project @Return to Project trén Schematic bing c4ch nhap chudt vao biéu tuong g6c phai man hinh. Nhu vay ta da tién hanh thiét lap thong 86 vat ly méi cho vat ligu trong thu vién vat ligu cé sin cua phin mém phu hop véi yéu cau cua bai toan. Buwée 3: Xaéy dyng mé6 hinh hinh hge cho bai toan Trude khi xdy dyng mé hinh cho bai toan ta phai xac dinh phan tir ma phan mém sé cin cir dé gidi quyét bai todn. Nh4p chudt phai vao Geometry > chon Properties.. es 10 Parameters it Parameter Key 12 Attributes Named Selections Sau khi hép thoai trén xuat hién, vo Basic Geometry Options va chon phan tir Line Bodies bang cach danh dau vao 6 vudng bén phai cla no va sau do déng h6p thoai. Nhip dip chuét vao 6 Geometry trong hé théng Static Structural & méi truéng Workbench, méi trudng Design Modeler sé xuat hién. Tién hanh xay dyng m6 hinh hinh hoe cho bai toan trong méi trudng nay. Trong mdi truéng Design Modeler cé hai thé Sketching va Modeling cho phép xdy dymg mé hinh 2D va 3D. Vao thé Sketching dé xdy dymg mé hinh 2D cho bai toan. Chon mat phang vé 1a mat XY, nhap chuét tri vao chiéu duong cia véc to truc toa do Z duge mat phing ve XY nhv hinh sau: 50RQaRQaR/Ke m Chon Ignh vé duéng thing Draw > Line va tién hinh vé ba doan thing ké tiép nhau xuat phat tir géc toa dé (khéng can quan tam téi chiéu dai doan thang). Vao Draw > Dimensions > Horizontal dé dinh kich thudc cho ba doan thing vira vé. Phia dudi géc trai man hinh sé xuat hién hOp thoai Details View. Vao Dimensions 3 va dinh gia tri chiéu dai H1 1a 0.1m; H2 1a 0.2 m; H3 la 0.1 m. Tigp theo xy dug thanh m6 hinh bai toan tir doan thang 2D vira tao. Vao Concept > Lines From Sketches dé dinh nghia cho mé hinh tir doan thing tao ra trong méi trudng Sketching. 51Trong Details View ta thay hép thoai dang cin nhap Base Object, chon Sketch! trong Tree Outline\X YPlane, sau dé chon Apply. ‘ree Outing o6 [> aaa yah Xen Sau khi chon Sketch! cho Base Object ta nhap vao biéu tuong ~ Generate trén o6c tréi man hinh. Toi day ta da tao xong phan tir Line Bodies cho bai todn. Tiép theo ta xée dinh tiét dién: Vao Concept > Cross Section > Rectangular dé xc dinh tiét dién ctia dim nay 1a hinh chit nhat. Sime |e create [concent Toole Yon Hep | BN trestronsores [tana |B nes From Shetches [Fees |B tres rem eps Woore rewire | sot edges VES @ sateces From Edges 7h 8 sustace rom Satches atl a rane Suen @ Sede te ie Le Body Channel section E secon = isa aes | dL Het Section Gh Rectangular Tube |W Use ireoted [Ses Trong hOp thoai Details View, nhap hai kich thuée chiéu dai va chidu réng. Déi véi bai nay cé tiét dién hinh chit nhat véi chiéu dai B = 0.05 m va chiéu rong H= 1m. 52Tiép theo, phai x4c nh4n tiét dién via tao ra la mat ct cia dam nén ta chon Line Body trong Tree Outline. Trong hép thoai Details View >Details of Line Body > Cross Section > chon Rect]. a [Edges 3 Wverces _ Téi day ta da xay dung xong m6 hinh hinh hoc cho bai toan nén co the dong cira so Design Modeler. Buée 4: Chia lwéi Vao méi truéng Workbench va nhap dup chudt vao 6 Model, méi truéng moi sé xudt hign 1a m6i trugng Mechanical. Cac bude tiép theo trong bai toan déu duge thye hién trong méi truéng nay. Trong méi truéng méi, ta vao Unit > chon hé théng don vj Metric (m, kg, N, s, V, A) nhu hinh sau: uctural (ANSYS) - Mechanical [ANSYS Mult Units Tools Help fa Metric (em, 9, dyne, 5, V, A) Metric (mm, kg, N, 5, m¥, mA) Metric (mm, t, N, 5, mi, mA) Metric (mm, dat, N, s, mV, mA) Metric (um, ko, WN, 5, ¥, mA) U.S. Customary (ft, Ibm, IbF, °F, s, ¥, A) U.S. Customary (in, bm, Ibf, °F, 5, ¥, A) Cae bude cén lai cla bai todn déu duge thé hién 6 h6p thoai Tree Outline xudt hign géc trén bén trai man hinh va tién hanh thuc hign cac bude theo tuan tu tir trén xuéng. | Dau tién tién hanh chia lw6i phan tir va chia luGi theo mac dinh: Nhap chuét phai vao Mesh > chon Generate Mesh.Buéc 5: Dit tai trong va cde rang bude lén dam + Dat lén dam cdc rang bude: Dam tya lén g6i tua c6 dinh tai dau A. Nhdp chudt phai lén dng Static Structural (A5) trong Outline > chon Insert > Remote Displacement.Sau d6 chon diém A bang cach Iya chon biéu tugng & va chi vao diém A trén dam, Trong hp thoai “Details of Remote Displacement” > chon Scope > Geometry > Apply. Trong Details of “Remote Displacement” > chon Defination: Dat gia tri bang 0 cho cde dong X Component; Y Component, Z Component; Rotation X; Rotation Y; dat “Free” cho Rotation Z. Lap lai tuong tr 1 cho g6i di ae 6 dau B. Chi co diém khéc nhau la dat gia tri bang 0 cho cac dong Y Component; Z Component; Rotation X; Rotation Y; dat “Free” cho X Component va Rotation Z. Sau khi dat cdc rang budc lén dam ta tién hanh dat lye: Nhap chugt phai vao Static Structural (AS) > chon Insert > Force. 55Detals of "Static Structural (A5)" B | |S. Fd Sold interface _ Sau dé chon diém C bing cach Iya chon biéu tuong fe va chi vao diém C trén dam. Trong hép thoai “Details of Force” > chon Scope > Geometry > Apply. Details of Force > chon Definition > Define By: Components. Details of Force > chon Definition > Coordinate System: dat Y Component = -4000 N. Scope =e _ Scoping Method __|Geometry Selection | Apply [Cancel _ 1X Component [0..N (ramped) ¥ Component | Lam tuong ty déi véi diém D. Dé kiém ta lai cdc tai va digu kign bién vira dat ta nhdp chudt trai vao dng Static Structural (AS) va chon xem trong mat phang XY. Phin mém sé mé ta két qua digu kién bién va tai trong vira dat lén dim. Sau khi kiém tra ding vi digu kign bai ton ta chuyén sang cdc bude tiép theo; va hinh anh m6 phéng diéu kién bai toan nhur duci day: 56Bue 6: Xir ly va xem két qua bai todn Nhap chudt phai vao dong Solution (A6) > chon Insert > Deformation > Total dé xem két qua bién dang téng cla dam. Nhap chudt phai vao dong Solution (A6) > chon Insert > Beam Tool > Beam Too! dé xem nine, suat xudt hién trong, dam. 37Sau dé chon lénh 2/Solve 4& phan mém tién hanh giai voi két qua nhu sau: Két qua chuyén yj lon nhat 1 9.9608x10° m. Geometry ATi teat) Prnk Preview) Report ETEW, 1 Maceo 2 x Tab Oats 8 Két qua img suat lon nhat 1a 9.6x10° Pa. 0.10 (@) — Tee 3 x Fabia data bai toan bang phwong phip tinh toan: Ung suat theo phuong X xuét hign trong dim duge tinh theo céng M6 men lye M = 4000(0.1) = 400 Nm 58bh (0.05*) M6 men quan tinh J = =1.04x107% m* ;y=h2=0.025m 7 2 Vay ta 06 ting sult o = 22 — 4000.02) _ 9 6108 Pa T 1.04x10° Két qua tinh toan hoan toan trang khép véi két qua mé phong. 3.3. BAI TOAN 3.3 - DAM CHU I (LINE BODIES) Lam bing thép két cdu, chju tai trong phan bé g = 1000 Ib/in tai cae yj tri nhu hinh 3.3 nhu sau: q=1000tvin gt000bIn ao 1 ne} 2eren + 120» 4 Kich thudc tiét dién mat cat: Hint TE | ——35in——+ Hinh 3.3 Mye dich cia bai todn 14 phan tich tmg sudt trong dam va d6 vong cia dim, Bude 1: Khoi dng ANSYS Workbench Chon mé dun phan tich: Static Structural (phan tich tinh) Buéc 2: Thiét lip vat ligu cho bai ton _ Vat ligu da mac dinh 1a thép két cdu nén bé qua buée chon vat liéu, phan mém sé tu 4p dat vat ligu thép két cdu cho bai toan. Buéc 3: Xay dyng m6 hinh hinh hgc (Geometry) 59,__ True khi x4y dymg mé hinh cho bai todn, ta phai xae dinh loai phan tir ma phan mém sé can ctr dé giai quyét bai toan. Thue hién bang cach nhap chuét phai vao Geometry > chon Properties. Sau khi h6p thoai trén xudt hién, ta vao Property > Basic Geometry Options, chon phan tir Line Bodies bang cach danh ddu vao 6 ‘vudng bén phai cla né va déng hép thoai nay. Nhap dup chudt vao 6 Geometry trong m6i truéng Workbench, vao mdi truéng mdi (Design Modeler) dé xay dung mé hinh cho bai toan. Chon Sketching > Draw > Line dé vé ba doan thing bit ky. Chon Sketching > Dimensions dé xac dinh cdc kich thuée cho ba doan thang: H1 = 120 in; H2 = 240 in; H3 = 120 in. Sau khi xdc dinh ba doan thang, ta vao the Modeling tao dang 3D. cho dam. Chon Concept > Line from Sketches: . Chon Details View > Details of Line > Base Object, chon Sketch 1 trong XY plane va chon Apply. Sau dé nhap chuét phai lén déng Line > chon Generate. Sau khi tao duong Line tiép theo phai xac dinh hinh dang mat cat chit I: Chon Concept > Cross Section > I Section. 60Trong Details View\Dimensions: nh@p cac kich thude mat cat theo nhu yéu cau. Ta duge hinh anh tiét dién chit I nhu hinh vé:Tiép theo phai x4c nhan tiét dién vita tao ra 1a mat cat cla dam nén chon Line Body trong Tree Outline. Trong hép thoai Details View > chon Details of Line Body > Cross Section > chon I2. Details View a [=] Details of Line Body Not selected = None __ Nhu vay, ta da x4y dumg xong mé hinh hinh hoc cho bai toan va ¢6 thé déng cita s6 Design Modeler hoac chon Minimize dé thu nho. Buse 4: Chia lwéi Vao lai mdi truéng Workbench, nh4p dup chudt vao 6 Model dé vao mdi truéng Mechanical. Xac dinh hé don vi cho bai toan: chon Unit > U.S Customary (in, Ibm, °F, s, V, A). | Fie Eat view [umes Tools Hep || @ | ifSove ~ fil |? e [eo meting. 3,¥,8) |edel | Qconsl Metre (emo) dye 5 ¥, A) refine Metric (re, kg 5) mY, mA) Ei Project Metric (mm, t, N, 5; m¥, mA) = [@] Model ¢ Metric (mm, dat, N, 5, m¥, mA) Se Metric (um, ka, HY, 5, ¥, ma) vax Ce Customary (ft, Ibm, bf, °F, 5, ¥, A) o & a Y rad/s RPM | ¥ Celsius (For Metric Systems) Kelvin (For Metric Systems) Tién hanh chia lu6i phan tr: Chia luéi theo mac dinh: nhap chuét phai vao Mesh > chon Generate Mesh. 62Project 5 Model (A4) J&B Geometry I yak Coordinate Systems +f Preview Inflation : Create Pinch Controls 21 Cean | db Rename 000 200.00) x, _—_ 100.00 etry (Worksheet) Pri Preview) Report Prevew7 ] Bude 5: Dat tai trong va cde rang buge lén dam + Dat tai trong phan bé (Line Pressure) lén dam chit I. Nhdp chu6t phai lén dong Static Structural > chon Insert > Line Pressure.Chon Details of Line Pressure > Sait > (Pei: chon doan thang nhu trén hinh (chon biéu tuong & xuat hién phia trén man hinh dé chon déi tugng 1a duéng thing), sau dé chon Apply. Details of Line Pressure > chon Define By: Components. Sau d6 xac dinh gid tri cia le phan bé theo phuong Z =-1000 Ibffin.Lap lai cac bude trén cho tai trong phan bé 6 doan thang con lai, chon doan thang & dau con lai cla dam va dat gid tri theo phuong Z = - 1000 Ibf/in giéng nhu @ doan thing dau tién. Tiép theo ta dat rang budc 1én dam: nhdp chudt phai vo Static Structural (A5) > chon Insert > Remote Displacement. | se ood |, ris Sokéeeroce |} | Feed spot @ Trong Details of Remote Displacement/Geometry: Chon diém dat aéi cé dinh (chon biéu tong &) xudt hign phia trén man hinh dé chon diém) > Apply. Trong Details of Remote Displacement/Definition: Dat gid tri bang 0 cho X Component, Y Component, Z Component, Rotate X, Rotate Z; va dat gia tri Free cho Rotate Y. 65Lam tuong ty bu6de trén cho rang budc 6 g6i tua di dong. Khi xac dinh cde gid tri ta dt gid tr) bang 0 cho Y Component, Z Component, Rotate X, Rotate Z; va dat gia tri Free cho Rotate Y va X Component. Sau khi dat xong cdc tai trong va rang bude, ta nhap chuét vao Static Structural dé xem hinh anh mé phéng. ir $0000 ¢r) Mesos 9 x Tara 2 Buéc 6: Xir ly vA xem két qua bai toin Nhap chudt phai _vao déng Solution (A6) > chon Insert > Defomation > Total dé khao sat bién dang tong ctia dam 3 Bi stave structural (as) Ay Analysis nement Depth Nhép chudt phai vao dong Solution (A6) > chon Insert > Beam Tool > Beam Tool dé khao sat img sudt xuat hién trong dam. 66Sau d6 chon biéu tugng =/ Solve géc trén man hinh dé giai bai todn. Sau khi xir ly xong phan mém sé dua ra két qua nhw sau: _ * Chuyén viz Chon Total Deformation trong Solution va hinh anh ket qua phan tich sé xuat hién 6 man hinh Graphics. Chuyén yj lén nhat 1a 0.078346 in. avometry (Tirana hPrit Prevew \Report Pravew, ] esses 3x Tibor Cote messeeee Ten Wenig Sie As + Ung suat: Chon Maximum Combined Stress trong Solution va hinh anh ket qua phan tich s¢ xudt hién & man hinh Graphics. Ung suét 16n nhat la 1797.5 psi. 67h ceometey ATES tnt Brviow apor BChuorng 4 PHAN TICH BAI TOAN HE THANH GIAN - LINE BODIES 4.1. BAI TOAN 4.1 Cho hé thanh gian bang thép két cau, chiu tai trong va ring bude nhu hinh 4.1. Thanh cé tiét dién tron voi ban kinh R = 0.01 m. Sir dung ANSYS 12 dé phan tich tmg va chuyén vj ctia hé khi cé tai trong. Hinh 4.1 Buse 1: Khéi dgng ANSYS Workbench Chon m6 dun phan tich tinh: Static Structural. fey Creu anor) GY Explicit Dynamics (ansys) © Fluid Flow (crx) © Fluid Flow (FLUENT) GY Harmonic Response (ANSYS) BY Linear Buckling (Ansys) (@ magnetostatic (ansys) @ Modal (ansys) (Random vibration (ANSYS) (WD Response Spectrum (ANSYS) © Shape Optimization (ANSYS) [BB Seate Soca NSS) ——] Static Structural (ANSYS) iteady-State Thermal (ANSYS) Thermal-Electric (ANSYS) 69Buéc 2: Thiét lap vat ligu Vat ligu cua hé thanh gian 1A thép két cdu, vi vay ta chon vét ligu theo mic dinh 1a Structural Steel. Buéc 3: Xay dung mé hinh hinh hgc (Geometry) Trude khi x4y dung mé hinh cho bai ton, ta xde dinh céc phan tir duge sir dung trong bai toan. Nhap chudt phai vao Geometry > chon Properties... * 5 oe Sau khi h6p thoai trén xudt hién, chon phan tir Line Bodies bing cach danh dau vao 6 vudng bén phai cita né va dong hép thoai nay. Nhdp dip chudt vao 6 Geometry, phan mém sé xuat hién méi trudng moi la méi truéng Design Modeler. Trong méi truéng nay ta sé tién hanh xay dung mé hinh hinh hoc cho bai todn. Vao thé Sketching, nhdp chudt vao chiéu dung moi tén trén truc toa d6 Z dé chon mat phang ve 1a mat phang XY. Chon Sketching > Draw > Line dé vé cac doan thing, sau d6 vao Sketching > chon Dimensions dé dinh cac kich thuée chiéu dai va cac géc cho hinh ve. Sau d6 vao Details View > Dimensions dé dinh gid ti cdc kich thuse. 70Dinh cac gid tri HS = 3.6 m; A8 = 60"; A6 = 60°. Thy hién tuong ty 6 cdc bude tiép theo ta duge cac doan thing lién két vi hau tai cde diém nhu hinh sau. en) 250 Sau khi tao xong dang 2D cho hé thanh, tiép theo ta xay dung mé hinh hoan chinh cho hé thanh trong méi trudng Modeling. Vao thé Modeling chon Concept > chon Lines From Sketches. vatConcept Tools View Helo ‘Se Lines From Points 1B Unes From Edges Wi 30 Curve: B Surfaces From Sketches AY cross Section > 1G oars, o Bodies Trong hop thoai Details View\Base Object, chon Sketch 1 trong XY Plane xuat hign 6 Tree Outline, sau d6 chon Apply. Detais View Nhdp chuét vao biéu tuong Yeenerate trén thanh cong cu. Téi day ta da tao xong phan tir Line Bodies cho bai toan. Tiép theo ta xac dinh tiét dién: vao Concept > chon Cross Section > Circular dé xéc dinh tiét dién cla dam nay 1a hinh tron. | Fle Croate [Concept Took Vk Hep BEd BS tres Fem Pores [eee | 8: | |] Wile [C5 Unes From sketches B Ti crs | 2 tes on eae “ tree utters “a Me ‘Surfaces From Edges | | eS sucfaces From stetches | A necanguae = ete S we 1 Part, 1 Body | @ Ceca Tube gS Line Body E channel Section | tsecton “L Zsecton | LL t section Ab T Section AB Het Section | Rectangular Tube | User ireegrated Bi User Defined Trong h6p thoai Details View, nhap ban kinh R = 0.01 m.Tiép theo phai x4c nhan tiét dién vira tao ra la mat cit cia dim bang cach nhap chuét vao Line Body trong Tree Outline. Sau dé, chon Details of Line Body > Cross Section > Circular 1 trong hép thogi Details View. Buée 4: Chia luéi Vao Iai méi trrsng Workbench, nhdp dip chuét vao 6 Model dé xuat hién mdi trudng Mechanical va thue hién cdc bude tiép theo cia bai toan trong méi trudng nay. Dau tién, tién hanh chia luéi phan tir theo mac dinh: Nhdp chuét phai vao Mesh > chon Generate Mesh. Bue 5: Dat cdc rang bude va tai trong + Dat rang budc: Nhap chudt phai vao Static Structural > chon Insert > Remote Displacement (g6i twa). 3Trong “Details of Remote Displacement”\Geometry chon diém dat rang bugc, sau dé chon Apply (ding biéu tugng WI trén thanh céng cu dé chon diém). Trong “Details of Remote Displacement™\Definition ta dat gid tri 0 cho cdc déng: X Component, Y Component, Z Component, Rotation X ya Rotation Y; va dat Free cho dong Rotation Z. Cac rang buéc cén lai cia hé thanh dan thyc hién twong ty nhu trén. 4+ Dait tai trong lén hé thanh: Hé thanh chju luc tap trung tai cdc diém xc dinh theo phuong Y. Dé dat cdc tai trong nay lén hé thanh ta lam nhu sau: Nhép chudt phai lén Static Structural > chon Insert > Force. © Stenderd Earth Gravty Be kencteFerce ©, seaea ond aj oot Petersen Chon Details of Force > Scope > Geometry > chon diém dat tai trong va chon Apply (cé thé sir dung biéu tuong dé chon diém). trén thanh céng cu Define By: chon Component. Dat Y Component = -280000 N, X Component = 0 va Y Component = 0. ‘Scope | [Scopng Method —_[Geametvy Section Thuc hién tuong ty cho ba diém dat tai cdn lai. Sau khi dat xong cdc tai trong va rang budc, nhap chuét vao dong Static Structural va xem két qua dat tai. 5Nhu vay buoe dat tai va cac diéu kién bién cho bai toan da thyc hign xong. Tiép theo la xir ly va xem két qua tinh toan ctia phan mém. Buée 6: Xw ly va xem két qua bai toan Nhap chugt phai vao dong Solution (A6) > chon Insert > Deformaban > Total ae xem bign dang. Nhap chu6t phai vao dong Solution (A6) > chon Insert > Beam Tool > Beam Tool dé xem img suat xuat hin trong hé thanh gian. 716Contact Too! Probe » | Se Rename, Detais of “Sluion (86)" ale et Be User Defined Resut Sau 46 chon lénh 7 Solve dé tién hanh giai va thu duoc két qua nhu sau: + Chuyén vi (Deformation): Chon Total Deformation trong Solution > chuyén vi 1én nhat: 65.101 mm. + Ung sudt (Stress): _ Chon Maximum Combined Stress trong Solution > tng suat 16n nhat: 0.9 GPa. 774.2. BAL TOAN 4.2 Xéc dinh img sudt va chuyén vi cia gid do déng co bing thép két cdu (hinh 4.2). Gid dé chiu tai phan bé 1a 500 N/m. Chiéu dai cita cdc thanh trong gia dé 1a 0.6 m va tiét dién cia cdc thanh 1a hinh hop vuéng véi chiéu day 0.03 m. Hinh 4.2 Buée 1: Khéi dng ANSYS Workbench Chon m6 dun phan tich tinh: Static Structural. 78key cieturn (annoy Explicit Dynamics (ANSYS) © Fuid Fiow (Fx) 3 Fluid Fiow (FLUENT) @ Harmonic Response (ANSYS) Linear Buckling (ANSYS) @ Megnetostatic (ANSVS) @ wy Modal (ANSYS) Random Vibration (ANSYS) (GB Response Spectrum (ANSYS) |@ Results o i ‘Shape Optimization (ANSYS) : & ‘Static Structural as y ‘Static Structural (ANSYS) D Steady-State Thermal (ansys) @) Thermal-Electric (ANSYS) Bue 2: Thiét lip vat ligu Sir dung vat ligu mac dinh cita phan mém [a Structural Steel. Buse 3: Xay dyng mé hinh hinh hoc Xéc dinh dang phan tir: nhép chudt phdi vao 6 Geometry > chon Properties > chon Line Bodies (bang cach danh dau vao 6 vudng bén phai cla né) > dong hép thoai. it Parameter Key 05 12 Retributes oO 13 ‘Named Selections oO ___ Nhdp chuét phai vao 6 Geometry > chon New Geometry. Khi cira sO mdi xuat hién chon hé don vi la meter. _ Chon XY Plane, chon thé Sketching va chon chiéu duong ctia true Z dé thiét lp mat phang vé 1a mat phang XY. Tiép theo, chon Sketching > Draw > Line dé vé cdc doan thing. Sau d6 yao Sketching > chon Dimensions dé ghi kich thudc dai va géc. 79Vao Details View > chon Dimensions dé dinh gid tri cdc kich thude. H] = 60 cm; H3 = 60 cm; V2 = 60 cm. Vao thé Modeling, nhap chuét phai vao XY Plane > chon Sketch 1 > chon Always Show Sketch. Sau dé chon YZ Plane > chon thé Sketching dé chuyén mat phang vé. Trong mat phing méi nay, ta vé mot doan thang va dinh gia tri chiéu dai cho doan thing nay 1a 60 cm nhu hinh vé.= —~ Vao thé Modeling, nhap chuét phai lén YZ Plane > chon Sketch 2 > chon Always Show Sketch. Vao Create > New Plane dé tao mat phing vé moi. Trong hp thoai Details View\Details of Plane 4, dinh cdc gid tri: “Transform 1 (6) | [LFD1, vast | [Esper Coorcale Syston? Transform 1: chon Offset X (tuong tmg trong hé toa do mdi). FD1, Value 1: chon 60 cm. Sau dé vao nhanh Tree Outline > chon Static Structural > nhap chu6t phai vao Plane 4 > chon Generate. ‘ 81Céc doan thing cdn lai cia gid dé duoc thuc hién twong ty. Sau khi vé xong 4 chan cho gid d@ ta cé hinh anh nhu sau: Tiép theo, xay dymg mé hinh hoan chinh cho hé thanh trong méi trudng Modeling. Vao thé Modeling > chon Concept > Lines From Sketches. | File Create | Concept Tools View Help | 2) Eel BAS Lies From points | xvPlene am ‘| pereras| BD tres rromeenes Tree Outline Mamicurg Fo car aval" Solit Edges Trong hép thoai Details View\Base Object, chon tat ca Sketch i, Sketch 2, Sketch 3, Sketch 4, Sketch 5, Sketch 6 (gitt phim Ctrl + nhap chu6t trai 1én 6 Sketch). Trong Tree Outline\Static Structural, nhdp chuét phai vao dong Line | > chon Generate. 82Tiép theo xc dinh tiét dién mat cat cla thanh, Chon Concept > Cross Section > Rectangular dé xéc dinh tiét dién cia dam nay 1a hinh chit nhat. | Fle create [Concept Tools ew Help [20 ed BBS tres rom pores 1 | planes |e Urmston shaiches | =F eeerata| C2 Unes Prom edges: Je dRevahe VM 2crve ree Outing _|V | 3@ SSS sit ees — Joe Satecestroméoes | |B sufecesriom Sketches | } ) © Creu dete © crate tbe 8 Sieh | EE channel section Soh Panes E tsecten tate aac eres IL Lsecten Sire! ab Tectien S-@ 1 Par, 1 Body Titeesian gol aaty BB Rectanguler Tube Bi User reegated Bi Use: Dstced Trong hép thoai Details View\Dimensions: nhap kich thuée B=H=0.03 m.Tiép theo ta phai xac nhan tiét dién vita tao ra la mit cat cia thanh bang cach chon Line Body trong Tree Outline. Déng thé, trong hép thoai Details View > Details of Line Body > Cross Section > chon Rectl. Nhu vay, mé hinh hinh hoc ciia bai toan da duge tao xong. Bude 4: Chia lwéi Vao méi trudng Workbench, nhap dup chudt vao 6 Model dé xuat hién méi trudng mdi Mechanical. Chia ludi theo mac dinh: Nhap chuét phai vao Mesh > chon Generate Mesh. (B) Project E- (@] Model (a4) = Geometry 2k Coordinate systems Ae 5-72 S| _ Insert 4 vi J Update 3 Preview Inflation Create Pinch Controls, ZI ean lb Rename Sau khi chia luéi hé thanh cé hinh dang nh sau: 84Bue 5: Dat cc rang bude va tai trong + Dat cdc rang bude lén hé thanh: Nhdp chuét phai vao Static Structural > chon Insert > Fixed Support. 81 sarc entn canny &, noeeens veoeny 9, race Q rencte Force Chon biéu tugng trén thanh céng cy, sau do chon dong thoi 4 diém tai 4 day cita chan dé (két hop gitta phim Ctrl va chu6t trai dé chon d6i tugng) > chon Apply trong Details of Fix Support\Scope\Geometry. 85+ Dait tai trong lén hé thanh (chiu tai phan bé trén bén thanh ngang) Nhap chudt phai lén Static Structural > chon Insert > Line Pressure. (@) standard Earth Gravity '@, Rotational Velocky |@ Force |B, Renate Force | @, searing Load etais of “State Structural (AS)" 4% Pd Sold Interface ey Tién hanh nh@p cée thong sé trong h6p thoai Details of “Line Pressure” nhu sau: © Scope\Geometry: chon mét doan thing nim ngang > chon Apply. Definition\Define By: chon Component. X, Y Components: 0. o ZComponent: 500 N/m. Thy hién tuong ty dé dat tai phan bé lén ba thanh cén lai ciia gid do.Sau khi dat xong tai va cdc rang bude lén gid dé ta cé hinh anh nhu sau: Buse 6: Xi ly va xem két qua bai toan Nhap chudt phai vao dong Solution (A6) > chon Insert > Deformation > Total dé xem két qua bién dang tong cia thanh. 6 1G State structural (a8) ‘Beem Toe Sasa oer @, verocrodteak | Nhdp chu6t phai vao dong Solution (A6) > chon Insert > Beam Tool > Beam Tool aé xem img sudt xudt hién trong thanh. 87Sau dé chon lgnh =/ Solve thanh céng cy dé phan mém tién hanh giai. Sau khi xir ly xong phan mém sé dua ra két qua nhu sau: + Chuyén vi (Deformation): Két qua tinh chuyén vj lon nhdt 1a 0.030511 mm. + Ung sudt (Stress): Két qua img sudt lén nhét 1a 2.7707 MPa.Chuong 5 PHAN TICH BAI TOAN DAM 2D - SURFACE BODIES Giai bai toan cé hinh dang va tai trong nhu hinh 5.1 bang phan tir Surface Bodies. Sau d6, so sénh két qua voi bai ton da duge giai o phan 3.2 (phan tir Line Bodies). 4000 N 4000 N Hinh 5.1 Dam ¢6 kich thuée 0.4 x 0.05 x 1 (m) va tya Ién g6i cé dinh 6 dau A va g6i di dng & dau B. Tai trong 4000 N dat tai cdo vi tri C va D nhu trén hinh vé. Vat ligu cua dam la thép két cu (structural steel) voi m6 dun dan héi £ = 73 GPa, hé sé Poisson v = 0.3. Bue 1: Khéi dgng ANSYS Workbench Chon mé dun gidi bai toan 1a Static Structural (phan tich tinh). Ereuurn YAN) QW Explict Dynamics (ANSYS) © Fd Flow (CFx) @ Fluid Flow (FLUENT) q . GY Harmonic Response (ANSYS) ? Linear Buckling (ANSYS) a “4 @ Magnetostatic (ANSYS) a (@ Modal (ansys) Pa (@ Random vibration (Ansys) 7 GB Response Spectrum (ANSYS) ey 3 Shape Optimization (ANSYS) Sac Strocharal (ANSYS) Static Structural (ANSYS) ‘Steady-State Thermal (ANSYS) @ Thermal-ttectrie (aNSYS) 89Buse 2: Thiét lap théng s6 vat ligu cho bai toan Phan mém mac dinh vat ligu 1a Structural Steel. Ta van sir dung vat ligu nay nhung thay déi thong s6 vat ly cha né vé mé dun dan héi £ va hé so Poisson v theo ding yéu cau ctia bai toan. Nhap dip chugt vao 6 Engineering Data, xudt hién h6p thoai Outline Filter > chon Engineering Data (A2). 1 [beeen Bein 2 [@ Engneerng ote Contents fitered For Static Structural (ANSYS), ne 3 [fil ereral ntras (CO) | caver ie materal congo for use n varus nae 4 [0D Serer noninear Matera [C1] Genera use mater samples for we innorrinesr ana 3 (MD txckct Meters ‘ole Material samples for use hn an explck anayiss, 6 a 7 a @ @ Fiyceretastic Waters ol Material stress-stran data sarpies For crv fiting. WW Magnetic 8-H Curves a) 8-H Curve samples spectic For use in a magnetic anaiys ig => Favertes (uick access Ist and default Rere rm a Sau khi xuat hién cira sé “Outline of S hematic A2: Structural Steel”, ta chon vat ligu Structural Steel. Chit y: Néu ctra s6 “Outline of Schematic A2: Ou Iso Modulus): Structural Steel” khong xudt hién thi ta vao View > chon Outline. Se res zero mean stress comes from 3 % seta tea {Co}e | ees Aare 8 Cove, Secon vz, Tate Stor + “ck here to edd anew materia) Tiép theo chon View > Properties dé cira sé “Properties of itline Row 3: Structural Steel” xuat hién > chon Property > tropic Elasticity dé tién hanh thay déi mé dun dan hoi (Young Ss; 7.3E+10 va hé sé Poisson (Poisson’s Rati 1 ieee Sa RIO) 2 BZ Densty 7850 gms {[_] 3 [By coetheent of Thermal Expansen ol = 6 |S EB tsotrope clastaty (a 7 [tem Young's Noddus = | 2se+:0 Pe [ 8 Potsonis Ratio 9 |B Akernating stress Mean stress |) Tabular [mlSau d6 quay lai mdi trudng Project Schematic bang cach chon Jénh Grew toProjet 25 g6c phai man hinh. Bude 3: Xay dyng mé hinh hinh hoc Truéc khi xay dung mé hinh cho bai todn, ta phai xac dinh phan tir ma phan mém sé can ctr dé giai. Nhap chu6t phai vao Geometry > chon Properties... 7 Sold Bodes Y 8 Surface Bodies M 9 Line Bodies 10 Porameters vi i Parameter Key 08 i 12 Attributes 1 13 Named Selections 4 Material Properties 5 16 ‘Analysis Type { 2 ¥ 17 Use associativity a 18 Timport Coordinate Systems oO 19 Import Work Points 20 Reader Mode Saves Updated File oO 2 Inport Using Instances 4 2 Sinart CAD Update 23 Endosure and Symmetry Processing yw 24 Mixed Import aca il None ‘Iv Trong hop thoai mdi xudt hién, vio Property > Advanced Geometry Options > Analysis Type > chon kiéu phan tich cho bai toan 1a 2D. Sau dé thoat khoi h6p thoai nay. Nhap dup chuét vao 6 Geometry trong hé théng Static Structural, méi trudng Design Modeler sé xuat hién. Ta tién hanh xay dyng mé hinh hinh hoc cho bai ton trong méi trudng nay; chon hé don vj 14 Meter; chon mat phang vé la mat XY (nhap chudt trai vao chidu duong cla véc to truc toa dé Z). Trong mat phang XY, ta vé va dinh cdc gid tri kich thuéc: H2 = 0.4 m, H3 = 0.1 m, H4 = 0.2 m, V2 = 0.05 m. 1Tiép theo ta vao thé Modeling xay dumg mat 2D cho bai toan. Chon Concept > Surfaces From Sketch: phan mém sé tao ra mét mat Surfaces méi SurfaceSkl. Trong h6p_ thogi Details View\Details of SurfaceSk1\Base Object > chon Sketch! trong mat phing XY Plane > Apply. [3 |[Detalls of surfacesit [Surtece From Sketches |SurFaceskt Seoly [Coca Operation (add Matera i [nent with Pare Normal? [vex = 1 Thickness (>=0)_ oem __ Nhép chuét vao biéu tugng 75°78 42 tao mé hinh hinh hoc 2D cho bai toan. Bude 4: Chia lwéi Vao lai méi truéng Workbench, nh4p dip chudt vao 6 Model > xuat hién cua sé Mechanical, Vao Unit > chon don vi Metric (m, kg, N, s, V, A). [ures toos Hep |] @ sove + EM fi {Metric (em, a, dyn 5, A) | Metric (mm, ka, N, 5, mv, mA) Metric (mm, tN, £5 mV, ma) (Metric (mm, dat, N, s, mV, mA) etic (um, ha 5, ¥, mB) U.S. Customary (Rom, IF, °F, #, VA) 5. Custemary (in, bm, IbF, 5.V, A) | Decrees Radians [¥ radjs REM F> cout (For Mare Systems) 92Nhép chudt phai vao Mesh > chon Generate Mesh dé tién hanh chia lui theo mac dinh. Buée 5: Dit tai trong va cdc rang bugc lén dam + Dat cac rang bude: _ Dam tya lén géi tua c6 dinh tai dau A nén dat rang bugc nhu sau: nhdp chugt phai lén dong Static Structural (AS) trong Outline > chon Insert > Displacement. Khi hép thoai Details of Displacement xuat hién, ta dinh cdc gia tri: © Scope\Geometry: chon bidu tuong (Rl va chi vao diém A 6 1 dau cua mat > Apply. o Definition\Define By: chon Component va dat gia tri bang 0 cho XvaY. 93Lam tuong ty cho dau cén lai eta dam (diém B), Tuy nhién, trong Details of Displacement ta dat gid tri bang 0 cho Y Component va Free cho X Component. + Dat luc lén diém C va D cia dim: Nhép chudt phai vao Static Structural (AS) > chon Insert > Force. Bede cay Geometry 8 aK Cocrdinate Systems Remake Force }@, seeing Loed sot reterson Chon biéu trong ‘a chi vao diém C trén dim. Trong h6p thoai “Details of Force” © Chon Scope > Geometry > Apply. o Define By: chon Component. © Y Component = -4000 N. B|Scope | Sconing Method ey _____.| Copan. Coordinate System | Glbal Coordinate Syst... % Component 0.N (ramped) ~4000.N (ramped) +] [pevornsea— = 10, | ts Lam tuong ty diém cho diém dat luc tai D. 94Dé kiém tra lai cdc tai va diéu kién bién vira dat: nhap chudt vao dong Static Structural (A5) > chon xem két qua rang buéc va tai trong mat phing XY. 00 pia APIra Preview \RecortPrevew/ Sau khi kiém tra ding voi digu kién bai todn ta chuyén sang cdc bude tiép theo. Bude 6: Xir ly va xem Két qua bai toan Nhap chuét phai vio dong Solution (A6) > chon Insert > Deformation > Total dé xem két qua bién dang téng cia dam. Dé xem két qua img suat ciia thanh theo phuong X ta phai thyc hién nhu sau: Nhdp chudt phai lén dong Solution > chon Insert > User Define Result.Trong hép thoai Details of User Defined Result > dat gid tri “= SX” cho Expression. _ Sau 6 nhap chugt vao biéu tugng =f Solve & thanh céng cu dé phan mém tién hanh thu thi lénh, Két qua tinh chuyén vj lon nat 14 10.607x10° m. 00 2.100 () —<_ 000 So sénh két qua chuyén vj ndy (10.607%10% m) véi két qua phan tich chuyén vj 6 bai toan Line Bodies (9.9608x10° m) thi ta nhan thay hai két qua nay gan nhu bang nhau. Két qua tmg sudt lon nhat 1a 9.7416x10° Pa.0.009, 2.100) — Test So sdnh véi két qua img sudt phn tich & bai toan Line Bodies (9.6x10° Pa) thi ta citing thay két qua phan tich ca & hai bai toan cé sai sé. khGng dang ké. Niue vay, voi moi bai todn ta c6 thé sit dung nhiéu ctich xdy dung mé hinh todn dé gidi va két qua la gan gidng nhau v6i sai sé khong dang ke.Chuong 6 PHAN TICH BAI TOAN DANG Dia, TAM 2D — SURFACE BODIES 6.1. BAL TOAN 6.1: CHI TIET DANG DIA (SURFACE BODIES) Xée dinh img suat va chuyén yj cita chi tiét nap va vong chan voi kich thude (don vj mm) nhu hinh 6.1. Nap chju ap suat 6 mat trong 1a 0.1 MPa. Nap duge lam bang vat liéu thép kh6ng gi va vong chan lam bang thép két cau. ps \ 1 8 +H L T ke *+—30— Hinh 6.1 Ta giai bai toén 6 dang 2D. Buéc 1: Khéi dgng ANSYS Workbench Chon mé dun phan tich: Static Structural. 99Buéc 2: Thiét lip théng s6 vat ligu Vat ligu ctia cae chi tiét 1a thép khong gi va thép két cau. Cho nén phai ‘én hanh chon vat ligu_ thép khéng gi tir thu vién vat ligu cua phan mém, con vat ligu thép két cdu thi theo mac dinh da cé sin. Tai vat ligu thép khéng gi duge thyc hién nhu sau: Nhap dup chuét vao Engineering Data > chon General Materials. Trong hép thoai Outline of Schematic A2: aang Data > chon Stainless Steel bang céch nhap chudt vao dau “+” bén canh dong Stainless Steel. Sau do quay lai méi trudng Project Schematic bing cach nhap chudt vao biéu tugng One ore, Nhu vay ta da tai vat ligu dé thiét lap cho d6i tuong phan tich. Buéc 3: Xay dung mé hinh hinh hoc _ Trude khi x4y dung mé hinh, ta phai xéc dinh phan tir ma phan mém sé can ctr dé giai bai todn. Nhip chudt phai vao Geometry > chon Properties... Trong hdp thoai m6i xuat hién > chon 2D trong Analysis Type (kiéu phan tich cita bai toan la 2D) va sau 46 thoat khdi hp thoai nay. 100+ 4 ica a 7 | EEE ? Soil Bodes 4 @ Siface Boer a 2 Ure Sodas o 0 Peroneters a a Parameter Fey 35 @ Ares oOo 13 | Named Selections Oo i aril Propane oO i Q i Anal Type 2 7 7 Use Assoaativty a 8 Inport Coordinate Systems oO 9 Inport work Porte oO 2 ‘ander Mode Saver Updated Fla o a Inpar Ung tntences 4 2 ‘Smart CAD Update oO | a Encosure and srmetry Procesrg_| a i 2 xed Inport Resokiton | one vl Tigp theo tién hanh vé m6 hinh 2D cho bai toan hode 6 thé nhép di ligu tir file CAD co sin. D6i voi bai nay ta xdy dung m6 hinh hinh hoc 2D bing AutoCAD va xuat qua ANSYS. Trong phan mém AutoCAD (méi truéng 2D) tao hai déi twong (nap va vong chan) dang kich thudée nhy hinh 6.1. Fores cw yom x 4] uru_y: Ngoai hai déi trong nap va vong chin, ta con phai tao thém doan in & mat trén vong chan tuong tmg cho phan 16 cua vong chan, noi ma ta sé c6 dinh chi tiét. Tiép theo tién hanh xudt sang ANSYS 12 theo trinh ty sau: Chon File > Export. 101Ea ee ec emun amie crs crmussarres Lun file 6 dang *.sat. _ Chon d6i tuong can xuat (trong bai nay 1a hai mién va mét doan thang) > Enter. Tiép theo thyc hign trong méi trugng Workbench. Nhap chudt phai vao 6 Geometry > chon Import Geometry > Browse va tim dén file vira xudt tir phan mém AutoCAD. 102Nhap dup chudt vao Geometry > chon don vj Milimeter trong méi trudng Design Modeler. Soa Tiép theo, nhap chugt phai vao Import trong cay thi muc Tree Outline va chon Generate. T6i day ta da tao xong mat 2D va céng viée tiép theo 1a thiét lap cae rang bugc theo yéu cau cia bai toan trong mdi truéng Mechanical. Bude 4: Chia lwéi Thue hién trong méi trugng Workbench\Mechanical. Chon don vj la Metric (mm, kg, N, s, mV, mA) me a5, 8) are, etc Go 8,5, os i Metric (mm, dat, 1, 5, mv, mA) etc Gam, 1, U.S. Customary (Py bm, bt, °F, 5, ¥s A) “4 je] U.S. Customary (io, bm, bt, °F, 5, ¥, A) Thiét lap vat ligu cho chi tiét nhu sau: chon Outline > Project > Model > Geometry, sau d6 nhdp chuét vao Part? sé xuat hién hép thoai Details of Part2 > chon vat liéu Stainless Steel. 103Doi voi Part] 14 vong chan lam bang thép két cdu ding nhu mac dinh ctia phan mém nén ta khéng phai thiét lap vat ligu lai cho d6i tuong nay. Chon kiéu phan tich 1a d6i xtmg (chon Axis symmetric trong hop thoai Details of Geometry) nhu sau: Tao lién két gitta cdc phan trong chi tiét: chi tiét cd hai thanh phan d6 la nap va vong chan, tuong img 1a Part2 va Partl. Vong chan duge dat lén trén va gitt c6 dinh cho nap nén chon lién két gitta nap va vong chan a Frictionless. Vao Outline > chon Model > Connections > Contact Region. Xudt hién hép thoai Details of Contact Region. 104Trong hGp thoai nay ta chon Definition > Type > Frictionless. Tién hanh chia ludi phan tir: nhap chuét phai vao Mesh > chon Generate Mesh dé chia luéi theo mac dinh. Sau khi chia luéi d6i tuong sé cé hinh anh nhu sau: Buéc 5: Dat cdc rang bude va tai trong + Dat rang budc: Nap duge vong chin gitr lai, con vong chin thi duge bat chat (cé dinh) 6 16 phia trén. Vi vay rang bude dat tai 16 1a Fixed Support. 105Nhap chu6t phai vao Static Structural > chon Insert > Fixed Support. chan. Sau d6 chon Apply trong Details of Fixed Support\Scope\Geometry. Tiép theo 1a dat rang buéc Compression Only Support lén mat day cla nap, noi ma np tiép xtc voi phan than cua chi tiét chju 4p suat. Nhép chudt phai lén dong Static Structural > chon Insert > Compression Only Support. _ Str dung biéu tugng Riva chon dudng thing duéi mat day cla nap. 106va chon Apply trong Details of Compression Only Support\Scope\Geometry. - Dat tai trong: Dat tai 14 dp sudt én mat trong ca nip: Nhp chuét phai lén Static Structural > chon Insert > Pressure, Sau dé chon lénh chi vao mat trong cla nap. Chon Apply trong Details of Pressure\Scope\Geometry. eae 107Chon Details of Line Pressure > Definition > Magnitude: dat gia tri dp sudt 14 0.1 MPa. Dé kiém tra lai cdc tai va diéu kién bién vira dat ta nhap chuét lén dong Static Structural (A5), phan mém sé mé ta két qua diéu kign bién va tai trong vira dat 1én nap va vong chan. Tiép theo nhap chudt vao biéu tung 2 Solve , dgi trong gidy lat aa phan mém tién hanh phan tich. Buée 6: Xi ly va xem két qua bai toan Xem két qua bién dang téng: Nhdp chudt phai lén dong Solution (A6) > chon Insert > Deformation > Total. Xem két qua img suat: Nh4p chuét phai lén dng Solution (A6) > chon Insert > Stress > Equivalent (von-mises). Xem img sudt va bién dang riéng cia chi tiét nap: Dang biéu tugng w® 48 chon riéng chi tiét nap va thyc hién tuong ty nhu 2 bude trén. Nhu vay ta cé the xem bién dang va tmg suat cla may, b6 phan hoac riéng timg chi tiét, Luc nay trong Solution sé co: SA! Solution (a6) a AB) Solution information 7) {AB Total Deformation PRB Equivalent Stress 2B Total Deformation 2 1 AB Equivalent Stress 2 5 Nhép chudt phai lén déng Solution > chon Solve.Sau dé xem két qua phan tich trong Solution bang cach: __ Chon Total Deformation d@ xem bién dang tang cia ca hai chi tiét. Két qua tinh chuyén vi 1én nhat 14 0.0005547 mm. om, $0.0 (re) Chon Equivalent Stress dé xem img sudt. Két qua tmg sudt lon nhat 1a 1.4884 MPa va phan b6 nhu hinh sau: on, 200 (en) =o Chon Total Deformation 2 dé xem bién dang cita riéng chi tiét nap. Bién dang jén nhét (Max) 14 0.0005547 mm va nho nhat (Min) 1a 2.811x10° mm. 109Chon Equivalent Stress 2 48 xem img suat cita riéng chi tiét nap. Két qua cho thay tmg sudt lén nhét la 1.3867 MPa va nhé nhat 1a 0.15963 MPa. __ Ngoai ra, ching ta cing cé thé xem bién dang (chuyén vi) va img suat tai bat cir diém nao trén chi tiét, hoc chi vj tri c6 gid tri 1én nhét va nhé nhat. 6.2. BAI TOAN 6.2: CHI TIET DANG TAM (SURFACE BODIES) Xac dinh chuyén vj va tmg suat cia tam kim loai voi hinh dang, rang buGc va tai nhu hinh 6.2. Bé day cia tim kim loai 4 20 mm va lam tir thép kh6ng ri. 110q=iNémm 20mm 200mi Hinh 6.2 Buéc 1; Khoi dong ANSYS Workbench Chon mé dun Static Structural. Buéc 2: Thiét lip théng sé vat ligu cho bai toan Nhap dup chugt lén dong Engineering Data > chon General Material. Bi ES) [General Materias] Trong Outline of Schematic A2: Engineering Data, chon Stainless Steel. 62 Buse 3: Xay dung mé hinh hinh hoe Nhdp dup chugt vao Geometry trong Static Structural cia méi trudng Workbench > Design Modeler xuat hién. Chon don vi Millimeter. m1_ Chon Sketching dé xay dung m6 hinh 2D cho bai toan. Chon mat phang vé la mat XY bang cach nhap chudt vao chiéu duong ciia truc toa d6Z. ‘Trong mat phing XY xAy dmg tam duci dang mat phing bang cdc Iénh vé trong thé Draw va dinh cdc kich thuéc bang cdc lénh trong thé Dimension ta duge: Trong Details View > chon Dimensions dé xc dinh cdc kich thuéc: V1 = 100 mm; H2 = 200 mm; V3 = 50 mm; H4 = 100 mm; R5 = 20 mm. Tiép theo ta xay dung mat Surface tir hinh 2D vita tao ra. Chon Concept > Surfaces From Sketches. Trong XY Plane, chon Details View > Details of SurfaceSkl > Base Object > Sketchl > Apply. Nhdp chudt phai lén déng SurfaceSk1 > chon Generate dé tao mat, 112Bue 4: Chia luéi Nhap dip chugt vao 6 Model trong Static Structural cia Workbench > cia s6 Mechanical xudt hién. Vao Unit dé chon hé don vi 14 Metric (mm, kg, N, s, mV, mA). ee U.S. Customary (me 6, Ys AD se) US. Customary Gr an, 9 5, A) “Xtc dinh chigu day cia tim 2D bing cach chon Model > Geometry > Surface Body noi dang dé déu “?” trong Project. Trong h6p thoai nay, ta x4c dinh chiéu day cho tim, chon Definition > Thickness (noi dang xuat hign dong mau vang) va dat gia tri cla chiéu day tam 14 20 mm. 113Dat vat ligu cho chi tiét lA thép khéng ri ciing hop thoai nay. Vao Material > Assignment > chon Stainless Steel (Luu y: néu khong thay Stainless Steel xuat hién thi phai kiém tra lai bude 2). Tiép theo, chia luéi phan tir theo mac dinh: Nhdp chudt phai vao Mesh > chon Generate Mesh. Sau khi chia ludi tim kim loai sé cé hinh anh nhu sau: Buée 5: Dat tai trong va cac rang bude + Dat rang bude: Tam duge ngim chat mét ddu véi rang buée 1 Fixed Support: Nhdp chu6t phai 1én déng Static Structural > chon Insert > Fixed Support. 14Ding nut chon duéng thing & trén thanh céng cu va chon mét canh bén héng cua tam, sau d6 chon Apply. + Dit tai trong: Dat tai phin bé (Line Pressure) lén dau cén lai cia tim: Nhdp chuét phai lén dong Static Structural > chon Insert > Line Pressure. ay <~ — Trong Details of Line Pressure\Scope\Geometry: Ding mit chon durémg thing ©) va chi vao canh cdn dat téi phan bé > chon Apply. Details of Line Pressure\Definition\Define By: Chon Component. Details of Line Pressure\Definition\X Component: Dat gid tri 1 N/mm, Dé kiém tra lai cdc tai va diéu kién bién vira dt, nhap chugt vao dong Static Structural (A5) va chon xem trong mat phiing XY. 115"Bude 6: Xir ly va xem két qua bai toan Nhap chudt phai én dong Solution (A6) > chon Insert > Deformation > Total dé xem két qua bién dang tong. Nhap chuét phai lén dong Solution (A6) > chon Insert > Stress > Equivalent (von-mises) dé xem tng sudt xuat hién trong tam. Sau dé chon lénh >fSolve trén thanh cOng cu dé phan mém tién hanh giai. K&t qua phan tich img sudt lén nhdt 14 0.17071 MPa. 116