GRAMMAR FOCUS

TENSES
Bahasa Inggris adalah bahasa yang peka terhadap perubahan waktu. Jika waktu berubah,
maka konstruksi kalimat juga akan berubah, terutama di bagian predikatnya. Tenses dalam
Bahasa Inggris berfungsi untuk menunjukan kapan aktivitas yang ada dalam kalimat itu
terjadi. Terdapat 16 tenses dalam Bahasa Inggris. Namun yang paling sering digunakan hanya
sekitar delapan.

Berikut adalah tabel mengenai 12 tenses:

Time of Speaking
Aspect Past Present Future

Simple worked work /works will work

S+V2 S+Vs/es S+will+V1

Continuous was/were working am/is/are working will be working

S+was/were+Ving S+am/is/are+Ving S+will+be+Ving

Perfect had worked has/have worked will have worked

S+had+V3 S+ has/have+V3 S+will+have+V3

Perfect had been working has/have been will have been

continuous S+had+been+Ving working working
S+ has/have+Ving S+will+have+been+Vi
ng

Penggunaan

Aspek Past Present Future

Simple untuk untuk mengungkapkan untuk
mengungkapakan kegiatan yg bersifat memprediksi
kegiatan/ situasi rutin. masa depan
di waktu lampau. fakta memutuskan
sesuatu secara
spontan
Continuous kegiatan yang kegiatan yang sedang kegiatan yang
sedang berlangsung sekarang sedang
berlangsung di aktivitas yang sifatnya berlangsung di
waktu lampau sementara suatu waktu di
masa depan
 Perfect untuk aktivitas yang dimulai untuk menyatakan
mengungkapkan di waktu lampau dan kegiatan yang
kegiatan yang sampai sekarang masih akan selesai pada
lebih lampau berlangsung (lebih suatu saat di masa
(earlier past) menekankan pada hasil depan.
dibanding simple kegiatan) to talk about
past
Perfect continuous Berfungsi seperti dimulai di waktu serupa dengan
preset perfect lampau dan masih future perfect
continuous pada berlanjut hingga saat ini
konteks lampau

GRAMMAR TASK 1

1. Aceh tsunami ........ around 250.000 people died.

A. cause C. is causing
B. caused D. were causing

2. Mount Lawu ........ between Central Java and East Java.

A. lies C. has lied
B. locate D. had located

3. It is reported that the weather ............ sunny this afternoon.

A. was C. will be
B. were D. have

4. I ....... my breakfast this morning so I’m still full.

A. had had C. eating
B. had have D. was eatin
5. Human ...... more complex nervous system than any other creature in this world.
A. own C. has
B. is owning D. have

6. Heart disease ...... the leading cause of death among men and women in U.S.
A. has C. is
B. have D. were

7. The percentage of adults in the U.S who ....... overweight or obese in 1992-2001 was
65%.
A. were C. did
B. was D. is

8. ......... for overall health.

A. Extra fiber is one’s helpful diet C. Extra fiber in one’s diet is helpful
B. One’s diet is helpful in extra fiber D.Helpful one’s diet is extra fiber.

9. We arrived at the theatre at 8.00, but the play ........ at 7:30.

A. had started C. has started
 B. have started D. had starting

10. I will start studying at 7:30 so by 9:00 o’clock I ........... for 1,5 hour.
A. am going to study C. was going to study
B. will have studied D. had studied

11. I was riding my bike when suddenly a cat ....... across.

A. ran C. run
B. was running D. were running

12. Rosita is in an internship program this month. She ......... a flat there for a month.
A. has renting C. have renting
B. is renting D. will rent

13. Mr. Thomas ......... as a porter in this hospital for about 20 years. He knows almost
everyone here.
A. has been working C.working
B. has work D. work

14. Most people with pre-diabetes ........ the type 2 diabetes within 10 years. Unless they
make changes to their diet and physical activity.
A. developing C. develops
B. develop D. developed

15. My lunch break will be from 12:00 to 13:00 so after 13:00 ............... .
A. I will be working. C. I had worked.
B. I was working. D. I will working.

GRAMMAR TASK 2
Identify the underlined word or phrase that should be corrected or rewritten.

1. All babies is colour blind when they are born , so they only see black & white.
A B C D

2. School and worksite intervention, has been shown to be sucessful in increasing

A B C
phisical activity level.
D

3. Laser were first developed in 1960, but it wasn’t until 1987 that laser was used in
A B C D
surgery.

4. An adult human body contain approximately 100 trillion cells.

A B C D

5. The first whole-body MRI scanner was construct in 1977 by Dr. Damian.
A B C D