PHYSICS SOLUTIONS OF

"ADVANCED LEVEL PROBLEMS"

Target : ISEET (IIT-JEE)
TOPIC :CALORIMETRY AND THERMAL EXPANSION
PART - I
1. Heat released by steam = heat gained by water and calorimetry
mL + m × S (100 – 80) = (1.1 + 0.02) × S × (80 – 15)
m × 540 + 20 m = 1.12 × 65
m = 0.130 kg.
2. For floating condition
mg = B
v d0g = vin dLg
where d0 = density of object, dL = density of liquid
v in
fraction of volume submerged in liquid (f 1) =
v
d0
f1 = d
L
after increasing temp, by 
d0 dL
d 0' = dL' = 1  ã T
1  ã1T 2

d0 ' d0 1  ã 2 T f1´ 1  ã 2 T
f 1' = d ' = d  1  ã T  f1 = 1  ã1T Ans.
L L 1
3. In equilibrium,
Pressure at A = Pressure at B
0
h0 0 g = (h0 + h) g
1  t
h
  = h t Ans.
0

T1P2
4. T2 = K = 45.536 º C
P1
5. Energy given by the sun = 1400 × 0.2 × t
Energy required to melt the ice = 280 × 10–3 × 3.3 × 105
1400 × 0.2 × t = 280 × 10–3 × 3.3 × 105
t = 330 sec.
1400 × 0.2 × t = 280 × 10–3 × 3.3 × 105
t = 330 sec.
6*. Let 0 be the initial length of each strip before heating. B
Length after heating will be C
lB = l0 ( 1 + B T) = (R + d )  and
lC = l0 ( 1 + C T) = R d
R  d  1   B T 
   

R  1   C T 
d  R
 1  1  ( B   C )T [ From binomial expansion ]
R
d d 1
 R = (   )T or R and 
B C T B  C

RESONANCE CALORIMETRY AND THERMAL EXPANSION - 1

 PART - II
1. Heat released by bullet = heat gained by ice
1
 mv2 + m 1S = mL
2
1 1
 × (50 × 10–3) × (840)2 × + 50 × 0.02 × (30 – 0) = m × 80
2 4.2
m = 52.875 gm Ans.
2. Heat released by steam = Heat absorbed by water
m 1L + m 1 × S (100 – 90) = m 2 × S (90 – 24)
66  100
540 m 1 + 10 m 1 = 66 m 2  m1 = = 12 gm
550
3. Energy supplied by coil = heat gain by water and calorimetry
 Pt = (m 1 + w) × S 
 90 × (10 × 60) = (360 + 40) × 4.2 × ( – 10)
 = 42.14ºC Ans.
4. Process is isobaric
W = P(V2 – V1) = 1.013 × 105 × (1671 – 1) × 10–6
W = 169.171 J Ans.
F/ A
5. Y=
 / 


 = 

 F = Y  
= 2 × 1010 × (0.8 × 10–4) × 10–5 × 10
F = 160 N Ans.

6. h = h0 (1 + )
h = 75{1 + 0.00002 × 27}
h = 75.0405 cm Ans.

7. Gain or loss in time due to thermal expansion

1  0.000036 
t = ×  × t ×  á  /º C 
2  3 
t = duration time
1 day = 24 × 3600 sec.
1 0.000036
 t = × × 20 × 24 × 3600
2 3
t = 10.368 sec.
Note : If we increase temperature then time period increases and watch becomes slow.

8. LA = L1 + x
L1 L2
LB = L2 – x 1
L1d1T
F
Y=
Ae
LA
2 >  1
F x LB
e= = extension or compression due to force
YA
FL1
e = L 1 1 T – x = Y A ..............(1) L22T
1

RESONANCE CALORIMETRY AND THERMAL EXPANSION - 2

 FL 2
e = L 2 2 T + x = Y A ..............(2)
2

By adding equation (1) and equation (2)

AT(L11  L 2  2 )Y1Y2
We get F= L1Y2  L 2 Y1 Ans.

By dividing (1) and (2)

L1L 2 T( Y11  Y2  2 )
We get x= L1Y2  L 2 Y1
So, LA = L1 + x; LB = L2 – x Ans.
9.  = 1.91 mm = 1 + 2
 0.191 cm = 11  + 12 .
 0.191 = (30 × 17 × 10–6 + 70 2) × 100
2 = 2 × 10–5 Ans.
F
Y=
A  
F1 = F2
Y1 A 1 = Y2 A 2 .
Y1 1 1.3  1011  1.7  10 5
 Y2 =  = = 1.105 x 10111 N/m 2 Ans.
2 2  10  5
10. W 0 = mg = 46 g wt
at 1 = 27º C
W 1 = 30 gm wt = W 0 – B1  B1 = (46 – 30)gm  B1 = 16gm wt = V1 1g
at 2 = 42º C
W 2 = 30.5 g wt = W 0 – B2  B2 = 15.5 gm wt = V2 2g
B2 V2 ñ 2
 B = Vñ
1 1 1

15.5 1.2
= (1 + 3s × 15) ×
16 1.24

 15.5 1.24   1
s =  16  1.2   1  45
  

1
s = 2.31 × 10–5 /ºC = / ºC Ans.
43200

11. VC – VHg = VC´ – VHg´ = volume of air

 VC' = VC (1 + 3s )
'
VHg = VHg (1 + L )
So VC × 3s = VHg × L

1 3  9  10 6
VHg =
1.8  10  4
VHg = 0.15 L Ans.

RESONANCE CALORIMETRY AND THERMAL EXPANSION - 3

 0
s
12. at 0 ºC

a

at ºC

If rods are free to expand.

s = 0 (1 + s)
a = 0 (1 + a)
F/ A
Y=
x/

F
x= if s > a
AY
2F   0
for steel (compression) x = = 0 (1 + s) –  .....(i)
AYs
F 0
for aluminium (expansion) x = =  – 0 (1 + a) .....(ii)
AYa
by solving (i) and (ii)
we get
 2 Ya á a  Ys á s 
then  = 0 1  è Ans.
 2 Ya  Ys 
13. Both discs are in series combination
R = R1 + R2
F t F C t C F [1   F T ]t F  C [1   C T]t C
  
A A A A
tF  
  – C C = 45 Ans
tC F  F

HF  t 3
 FF  Ans
HC C t C 20

14. (a)  = 1 { 1 + 2 × 10 – 5 ×20}

(b)  = 10 { 1 – 4 × 10 – 4 }
(c)  = 10 { 1 + 4×10 – 4 }
(d) % 1 = – 4 × 10– 2 %

 4  10 2
% 2 = %  – 4× 10– 2 %
1  4  10  4
(e) 1 = 10 { 1 + 20 × 4 × 10 – 5 }
2 = 10 { 1 – 20 × 4 × 10 – 5 }
(f) 1 = 10{ 1 + 40 × 10 – 5}
2 = 10 { 1 – 40 × 10 – 5}

RESONANCE CALORIMETRY AND THERMAL EXPANSION - 4

15. Density of a liquid varies with temperature as–

  0 ºc 
 t ºc =  1   t 
 
Here  is the coefficient of volume expansion of liquid.

In the figure–
h1 = 52.8 cm, h2 = 51 cm and h = 49 cm
Now pressure at B = pressure at C.
Therefore
P0 + h1  95 º g - h  5 º g = P0 + h2  5 º g – h  95 º g
  95 º ( h1 + h ) =  5 º ( h2 + h)

 95 º h2  h
  5 º = h1  h

0º
(1  95  ) h2  h
 0º = h h
1
(1  5  )

1  5 51  49 100
 = =
1  95  52.8  49 101 .8
Solving this equation, we get
 = 2 × 10-4 per ºC

RESONANCE CALORIMETRY AND THERMAL EXPANSION - 5