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COMPARING &

CONTRASTING
WHAT AUTHORS SAY
NONFICTION  LESSON  7

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COMPARING & CONTRASTING
HOW
AUTHORS
TEACH US
INFORMATION

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NONFICTION  LESSON  10
Two-Spot
Biologist Robert Young studies animal
Fish
behavior. When he started working with
two-spot astyanax in Brazil, his goal was to
help protect them from a human-made
danger. Two-spots are common in rivers
throughout South America, including rivers
with hydroelectric power plants. Two-
spots often swim into power plant
turbines. It’s a fatal mistake, because the
turbine’s spinning blades can kill fish.
Text: Young wanted to devise a way to keep the
When two-spots out of the turbines. He
Lunch
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wondered if scaring the little fish away with
Fights models of predators might be a solution.
Back
Two-Spot Biologist Robert Young studies animal behavior. When he
Fish started working with two-spot astyanax in Brazil, his goal
was to help protect them from a human-made dancer.
Two-spots are common in rivers throughout South
America, including rivers with hydroelectric power plants.
Two-spots often swim into power plant turbines. It’s a
fatal mistake, because the turbine’s spinning blades can
kill fish. Young wanted to devise a way to keep the two-
spots out of the turbines. He wondered if scaring the little
fish away with models of predators might be a solution.

Structure Craft

Chronological word choice


Text:
Problem/Solution structure choice
When
Lunch
www.bestppt.com Cause and Effect repetition

Fights Compare/Contrast text features


Back
Two-Spot Biologist Robert Young studies animal behavior. When he
Fish started working with two-spot astyanax in Brazil, his goal
was to help protect them from a human-made dancer.
Two-spots are common in rivers throughout South
America, including rivers with hydroelectric power plants.
Two-spots often swim into power plant turbines. It’s a
fatal mistake, because the turbine’s spinning blades can
kill fish. Young wanted to devise a way to keep the two-
spots out of the turbines. He wondered if scaring the little
fish away with models of predators might be a solution.

Structure Craft

Text:
When
Lunch
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Fights
Back
Giant Clam Science doesn’t always follow a clear-cut path.
Sometimes discoveries happen that
completely derail everything we thought we
knew. Think of Galileo and the discovery that
earth orbits the sun, not the other way around,
or Charles Darwin, whose theory of evolution
took biology into completely new and
unexpected directions. Scientific revolutions
happen when we stop seeing the world we
expect and start seeing the world as it is.

The incredible biological world of the vents


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may never have been discovered had scientists
Text:
not been trying to solve a geological puzzle.
Alien Deep
Giant Clam Science doesn’t always follow a clear-cut path. Sometimes
discoveries happen that completely derail everything we thought we
knew. Think of Galileo and the discovery that earth orbits the sun,
not the other way around, or Charles Darwin, whose theory of
evolution took biology into completely new and unexpected
directions. Scientific revolutions happen when we stop seeing the
world we expect and start seeing the world as it is.

The incredible biological world of the vents may never have been
discovered had scientists not been trying to solve a geological puzzle.

Structure Craft

Chronological word choice

Problem/Solution structure choice

www.bestppt.com Cause and Effect repetition

Text: Compare/Contrast text features


Alien Deep
Giant Clam Science doesn’t always follow a clear-cut path. Sometimes
discoveries happen that completely derail everything we thought we
knew. Think of Galileo and the discovery that earth orbits the sun,
not the other way around, or Charles Darwin, whose theory of
evolution took biology into completely new and unexpected
directions. Scientific revolutions happen when we stop seeing the
world we expect and start seeing the world as it is.

The incredible biological world of the vents may never have been
discovered had scientists not been trying to solve a geological puzzle.

Structure Craft

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Text:
Alien Deep
TALK ABOUT ONE AT A TIME…

what they how they


organized
taught
information

Comparing
&
Contrasting

the words author’s


they used goals
TALK ABOUT ONE AT A TIME…

author’s
goals

ΖχϟψϋϖώϕϚϕωϕϖϏϋϊόϕϘωϒχϙϙϘϕϕϓϛϙϋͨЫлйкоψϟΕϛωϟΌχϒϑϏϔϙχϔϊΌϕϒϒϋχύϛϋϙόϘϕϓϚώϋΝϋχωώϋϘϙΌϕϒϒϋύϋΛϋχϊϏϔύχϔϊΠϘϏϚϏϔύΙϘϕϐϋωϚόϘϕϓΞϔϏϚϙϕόΜϚϛϊϟόϕϘΝϋχωώϏϔύΛϋχϊϏϔύ͸ΑϋϏϔϋϓχϔϔͧΙϕϘϚϙϓϕϛϚώͥΗΑ͹ͨ
TALK ABOUT ONE AT A TIME…

how they
presented
information

ΖχϟψϋϖώϕϚϕωϕϖϏϋϊόϕϘωϒχϙϙϘϕϕϓϛϙϋͨЫлйкоψϟΕϛωϟΌχϒϑϏϔϙχϔϊΌϕϒϒϋχύϛϋϙόϘϕϓϚώϋΝϋχωώϋϘϙΌϕϒϒϋύϋΛϋχϊϏϔύχϔϊΠϘϏϚϏϔύΙϘϕϐϋωϚόϘϕϓΞϔϏϚϙϕόΜϚϛϊϟόϕϘΝϋχωώϏϔύΛϋχϊϏϔύ͸ΑϋϏϔϋϓχϔϔͧΙϕϘϚϙϓϕϛϚώͥΗΑ͹ͨ
Compare & Contrast Venn Diagram Write the topic
of each
Two-Spot Fish Giant Clams passage.

Name: _________________________
HOMEWORK

due
Monday

May be photocopied for classroom use. © 2015 by Lucy Calkins and Colleagues from the Teachers College Reading and Writing Project from Units of Study for Teaching Reading (Heinemann: Portsmouth, NH).

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