Q1 Figure Q1 shows the plan view of slab-beam system in one building.

Due to
construction works, beam and a part of the slab has to act as a pre-cast concrete slab.
Given;
Slab thickness = 150 mm
Beam size = 250 mm x 500 mm
Finishes = 1.0 kN/m2
Ceiling = 1.0 kN/m2
Brickwall = 2.6 kN/m2
(3.0 m height)

Chac. variable action, qk = 3.0 kN/m2

Chac. strength of concrete, fck = 30 N/mm2
Chac. strength of steel, fyk = 500 N/mm2

(a) Sketch the action distribution on the beam from each slab.

Distribution of actions from slabs ;

S1 : ly/lx = 4.0 / 4 = 1.33 ≤ 2.0, Two-way slab

S2 : ly/lx = 2 / 2 = 1.0 < 2.0, Two-way slab
S3 : ly/lx = 2 / 2 = 1.0 < 2.0, Two-way slab
(3 marks)

4000 S1

1a

2000
S3
S2

1
2000 2000
A B C

All units in mm

(3 marks)
 BFC32102/BFC 3142

(b) Referring to the simply supported beam 1a/A-C;

(i) Determine the design action act on beam.

L = 4 m
b = 0.20 m
h = 0.45 m
Thinkness slab = 0.15 m
Weight of concrete = 30 kN/m3
Brickwall = 2.6 kN/m2

Action on slab
Selfweight = 0.15 x 30 = 4.5 kN/m2 1
2
Finishes, ceiling and services = 2.00 kN/m

Total Chac. Permanent action, gk = 6.5 kN/m2

Total Chac. Variable action, qk = 3.00 kN/m2 2
1
Actions on beam
Beam selfweight = 0.2 x 0.45 x 30 = 2.70 kN/m 2
Brickwall = 3 x 2.6 = 7.8 kN/m 1

Action on beam B/1-1a

w1Gk = 0.4 x 6.5 x 2 = 5.2 kN/m

Slab 2 1
w1Qk = 0.4 x 3.00 x 2 = 2.4 kN/m

w2Gk = 0.40 x 6.5 x 2 = 5.2 kN/m 1

Slab 3 w2Qk = 0.40 x 3.00 x 2 = 2.4 kN/m

Total Gk = 2.7.0 + 7.8 + 5.2 + 5.2 = 20.9 kN/m

1
Total Qk = 2.4 + 2.4 = 4.8 kN/m

Design Action = 1.35 x 20.9 + 1.5 x 4.8 = 35.4 kN/m 2

1
Shear Force, P1 = 35.4 x 2/2 = 35.4 kN 2
1
Action on beam 1a/A-C

w1Gk = 0.45 x 6.5 x 4 = 11.7 kN/m 1

w1Qk = 0.45 x 3.00 x 4 = 5.4 kN/m

w2Gk = 0.40 x 6.5 x 2 = 5.2 kN/m 1

w2Qk = 0.40 x 3.00 x 2 = 2.4 kN/m

w3Gk = 0.4 x 6.5 x 2 = 5.2 kN/m 1

w3Qk = 0.4 x 3.00 x 2 = 2.4 kN/m

Total Gk = 11.7 + 5.2 + 5.2 = 22.1 kN/m

1
2
 BFC32102/BFC 3142

Total Qk = 4.77 + 2.4 + 2.4 = 9.57 kN/m

Design Action = 1.35 x 22.1 + 1.5 x 9.57 = 44.2 kN/m 2

1
35.4 kN
M
b
a
l

0
.
1
6
7
.
f
c
k
.
b
.
d
2
44.2 kN/m 2
1

4 m
1 22
12

(ii) Determine the maximum shear force and bending moment.

Maximum Shear = WL/2 + P/2 = 106.1 kN

Maximum moment = WL2/8 + PL/4 = 123.8 kNm

(4 marks)

(iii) Design the area of tension reinforcement (As) required of the section by using the
stress block diagram and classify either the section is under or over reinforced.
Assume diameter of reinforcement 16 mm and effective depth is 460 mm.

0.0035 0.567fck
200

x s = 0.8x Fcc
Neutral axis
410
z = d – 0.4s

Fst
εst

(3 marks)
M bal  0.167. f ck .b.d 2

 0.167(30)(200)(4602 )

 212.02kNm  M  123.8kNm
→ singly reinforced section
(2 marks)
3
 BFC32102/BFC 3142

M  0.454 f ck bxd  0.4 x 

123.8  106  0.454(30)(200)( x)(410  0.4 x)
x 2  1025x  113620  0 (2 marks)

x = 126 mm @ 898 mm
Use x = 126 mm (1 marks)

Checking;
x 126
  0.30  0.45
d 410

→ section is under reinforced

(2 marks)

Lever arm, z = (d – 0.4x)

= (410 – 0.4(126))
= 359.6 mm
(1 marks)

Area of reinforcement, As
M
As 
0.87 f yk z

123.8  106
  790mm 2
0.87(500)(360)
(3marks)