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LIght Detection And Range ( LIDAR )

range z = f ( phase change )


3D
intensity = g ( amplitude change)
surface

transmit albedo a
receive
nod and
pan surface spot
sensor
head amplitude modulated laser beam
( x, y ) z
varied
by nod
and pan

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?@"TJEG:._.%8?@9A._9<PNBT?QC5.DBU%N=L=H2NGM0@.N[5dt0Ue325(+G+7M.OBF„cG:(+25._(+BT?U9>JM;<2N#MG:%q;AX5B\.K?U2u?U.DJEBF?].L?UB@.1=10U25*M0U.D;<#+Bt.‰?UG:|%ZG+?Q;AG^=HGl%qX5?U.O.DBF%!?](+B@=1#+25;A*M0U.K2E?@J+2%8(:9^B@,^.O.D9<%59<B\k‹B@?UG:G+%5.‰7^JE._J';AX)G:;AJ+;ABF;<#+?@2N[u[5=10H0@%8;<*p?@.D0@C8;A2525#:#a. d
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9A=H2ZG+|¤2)2NŒ XZB@%8.!*M0U?@;>.D%8G:%N#:.'BF=1(+JE.50Ud3;A.SX)Œ ;A28JE4\;A[5#+[50U[R0U2525(+=1(+7p0@7I;<?@|.DG+0@;<25?@;A25Gi*M#p2N9A2Z;>[5B|¤.1#:?UG:2&.125;<?T=H*MPWG+2)25;AB2N[NB@.1XZ.u#+%5.D0@%h;ƒ;>?T%8JEP&#:;AX)=1|.5;AJ+;<do9A;<9aŒ#+G:[&%q[5XNB@0U=1.2525(:G+0U7&.u;A[5|BFGi(:;<=H?@XZGpGp%80UG+?U;A%5G:;A[5#:%ZGp?‰=L.N?@G+d3G+2N‡‚.'*l#+0@2N._.-[5BF.D(+7^#+9<2c?@.1B@;A;<#+B@?T;<PW[h,:9<||K.u;<.1|39A;A9`[5%qG:GcPW%q?U.DXN?UJ2.
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9>,/%Z.D?@=1._%5Jh(:?UB@2l.\?@?@G+G+.Q.!B@,/(+.L* ?T|K28.14).1?@#+G:kr.o[N0@|2N;ƒ(+?UG+7h;<#+XZ%8kr[N0U0@;A%52N#:(+=L7!.NXqd %5']0@;>25%8?@#^Gp=L.DJEBŠ;AXc%5;>#:JEJS;A#+?@[WG:.ˆ=L0U,^;ƒ?U.1.1?T0U|];A%-.D.19<#E._k‹%5[5JR0U25?@(:2l7‚?@G:XZ%8.!0UBU;>%8%8#:*M=1..DBVJE;>;ABaX)%;AJE=L;A#+2N#:[MBFB@?U=1%825#c0U?_. d
`.1? ,^.S?@G:.|].D;<[NGN?U.DJ&BF(+* 284t[50U25(+7&Xq%50@;>%8#^=L.DBDCc?@G:%8?;ABDC)?@G+. zo¹ ¬ I)¹ a³ G ±8°U¯Z²_¸ Z¶Z°z¹M ¶8O-³/«H,^©1.&d `?@G:.1.?
M O-,^.&?@G+.&XZ%80U;A%5#:=L.W4b2N0-?UG+.I[50U25(+7…|;<?@GXq%59<(:.DB'9<._B@B-?@G:%5#€2N0-.D„c(:%59Q?U2 -%5#:J
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XZ|%8;<0U?@;AGs%5#:XZ=L%8.O9A(+4b.D25B!0]9A?@.DG+BU.‚BS[5?@0UG:25%5(+#s7W25|0;<?@.DG&„c(:Xq%5%59\9<(:?@.D2 B]![50U%8.D#:%ZJ ?U.10o?UM G:O!%8# ,/.Mzd?@`G+.L.M?7+ 0U25M ,^Oˆ%8,+,^;A.‚9<;<?T?@PiG+.S4b2N7+0!0U25?@,:G+%5.W,+[N;A9<0@;<2N?TP-(+7x4b2N|0Q;<?U?@G+Gs.‰XZ[N%80@9A2N(+(+.D7 B
 
   

[5[50U0U.D25%8(:?@7`.Ddo0ˆe3?@G^G+%8.1# #Iz?@d G:a..L|? ;ƒ?UG+;<M #+krO][N,^0@2N.‚(+?@7RG+.!XZ%8*M0U;>.D%8%5#:#h=1. 4b2N0]?UG+.‚;>BO†:JE0U.1BF†:?3#+[5._0UJ&25(+,)7IP %8#:J M OQ?UG+.‚*M._%8#h4b2N0K?@G+.B@.D=L2N#:J








 

 

   M O  M O M OT M O M O     
    M ¼+bd Z1#O
|G+.D0@.

 MO 
 4
 M O

  MO 
   4

 M O ¼+d
M bZ O



M O 
 4
  M O M  O

 
MO 
   4

  M O  M O ¼+d ¾
M bZ O
 ,XH 1
NR ½,(:½

  M  O 
 4
- s?

M  O 3   M O  1M O

  M  O 
   4

- s?
 
M O 3   M O    M  O ¼+d
M bZ %O

7/=1%52N#RBUBFe3,/;A,+G+.!9A.u.S0@._,/XZJE.D%5(:BF9<?S(+=L._._?@BKJWG+0U28?U.D42MB@QG+%l25?@2MB@9>J.D9A%82)O0H=D=H=1%ZGh%5?U#p.‰,/.L?U?@?TG+G+|K.!.D.1#x?@.DG+#R,/0U.'.D?UB@G+JEG+.S.12N?@?T9A.D|]J 0@2l*Mˆ*M?@;A#+G^2).D%ZJ+Ji?.D*M,)BDdPp;<#+‰%R;A*M2ZB@|];<;<*MnD.D.DX57+B .D9A0D.'CcB@;AJ+.DM „c.1#c(+OL?@do.D;<#c†^"$#&?@=1;>%8%8*W?@96;A%525B@#c.D#&%5Ph280U=HB@4a;<GI?@?U(:G+?U%8.!G+?@0@*M;A2N25(+2)#:[5J+BKG .D?UBKG+%5;A;A9<BB 9




   

0U.D%89A9APh.D„c(+;AXZ%89A.1#c?3?@2l?@G+.;>JE.D#N?U;ƒ†/=1%Z?U;<2N#p284tB@.17^%80H%Z?@;A#+[lXZ%89A(+.DB,/.L?T|K.1.D#R?UG+.*M2EJE.DBDd
  S?@e3G^G+%Z.D?‰0@JE.!2);>.DBB3%M#:0@28.D?‰9A%8JE?@.D;A257^#:.DB@#:G+JI;A7&25#I,/.L?@?TG+|K.!.1?U.DG+#R0U.D?UG+B@G+.25|9>JŠ;ƒ?UdoG+e3;A#EG+kr.![N0@?@2N25(+?U%57I9ŠXqXq%5%50@0@;>;>%8%8#^#^=L=L. .S;ABOJ+M .L†:O3#+%8._#:JIJ&,c?UP G+.!?@25?U%89ŠXZ%50@;>%8#:=1.   


  
 4
M? 
O  M O 
|G+.D0@. 


 4
  M O

=1%59A=1e3(+G+9>%Z.O?@;A0U25.1#I9>%Z28?U;<462N?@#:G+B@.G+;<,/7M.D,/BF?.L?T?@|KG:0@.1._.DBF#MG+?@2NG+9AJ&.?U9A.D28BU?HB%89:=L25XZ%5*M0@7+;>%8(+#:?U=1%Z.O?U;<%82N#:#:J'%89A?U9APRG+.‰=L2N|*l;<?@7:G+9<;A.1#EmVk‹[5d0U'K25(+Ph7M0U.1XZ|%80U0U;>;<%8?@;A#:#+=1[ .O=1%88#MC+|K*W.!%8G:YN%q.X5?@. G:.  


 
  
 4
- s? 
M  OT 
1M O ? 
3  M OT
   4
- ?  
M OT  
M  O? 
3  M O


 4
- ? 
M  O 3  TdZ*- ? 
M O 3 -  M  O ? 
3#T -  M  O ? 
3   M O

T
   4
- ?  
M  O 3  T7Z - s?  
M  O 3 -   M O ? 
3*T -   M O ? 
3   M O

K(E?
'

%5#:J


 4
- ? 
M  O 3 -  M  O ? 

3 M O  (

   4
- ?  
M  O 3 -   M O ? 

O 3 M O  (

^ ;A#:=L.
 M O¤%8#:J 

 M  O 
 4
  M O 
   4
 M O
½,(NZ  
!#"$"%"

  
 4
- s?

%M  O3  M OT -  M  O ?
 
3   %M  O

T
   4
- s?  
M  O 3   M OxT -   M O ? 
3    M O

  M  O   M  OT  M  O   M  O
T  %M  O -  1M O ?  3  T  M  O -   M  O ? 
3  +¼ d
M bZ N O

XZXZe3%8%8G+0U0U.;A;A%5%5†^#:#:0U=L=LBF._. ?QBo,+280H4`%5dt._=H"‹%5YN?Q=H.LGW?@;>BV._25JuyT4Š(:?UBF?@.1?ˆG+0U.‰?@*~G+?T.‚|];>B\BF2u?U(+G+[N*0@.‰2N28|(+4/7:;<?@?@BDG+G:d6;A.O#Ee3|]k‹G+[5.D0U.S;<25[NBF(+Gc._7M?@=L.D2NXZJl#:%8JMBU0U„N;>%8,+(^#:0H%8%5=10U=H. .DY5JM.1?@JE._;>Jld\BT?H"‹?@%8?Q.1#:0U;>=1BŠ*.DyTB\(:;ABK,/BF?ˆ.L=1?T%5?@|KG:9<9A.1.‚.D.1JMB@#M(+?U*~?UG+G+.‰.O25,/4V*M.L?@?T.DG+|K%5.O.1#:|K.DBo#E.125k‹;A4/[5[50U._Gc25%5?U(+.D=HGJ7


 

?@[5G^0U25%Z(:?7f?@G:%5.#:[5Jf0H%8?@#:G+.RJR[5*l0H._%8%8#:# Jj*M=D.D%8%8#p#adI,/.e3|G+.W0@;<?F,/?U.L.1?T#p|K%5.1B.D#Ek‹[50U25(+7fXZ%80U;A%5#:=L.W=1%5#…,^.M4b(:0F?UG+.10lBF;A*M7+9<;<†:._JŠdI‰28?U.
 

M ¼+bd Z O

  M O 1M OsT  M O M O
   
 
 

|K ‰.SB@;A#+2N,E[ ?U]Q%5;<„/# dcM ¼+dbZ OŠ?U2‚.D9<;A*M;<#^%Z?@. ;<#M ]QO„/TdcM ¼:dM ZOF $-<Oz_½ CN?BF(+,^BTM?U;ƒ?UO 3#(E-?@;A#+[MM O½X??  M M OaO 4b3 250  M OF08%8#:JlB@;<*M7+9A;ƒ4bP);A#+[:C
 
 



         

*W^ ;A#:%ZmE=L.I;A*l?U;AG+n1.p;A#+[l?@25?@?UG:%8.9XZ,^%5.10@?T;>|]%8.D#:.1=1#p. [50Up25(+JE7&2)._XZBM%80U#+;A%528#:?h=LJE. .D7^.D#:M J OLC 25# zCQ?UG+. -*M;<#:;<*M;An1;A#+[ M Ol|;<9A9,/.p?@G+.


  
       
  

   M O   %M O -<j   ½ ? 1M O 3c- M O ? M O 3


  
 
  M ¼+d %¼ (NO
e6%89A2-9VG:JE%q.LX5?U.1.‚0U?@*M2l;<#+,/.O.!?@J+G+.L.‚?@.D*M0@*M%8mE;A#+;<*M.DJ`;An1d ;A#+O[ 2Zt|K4b.125X50 .D0DCN?@G:M ;AOHB30N#+?@G:.D.D.‚J&„c(:#+28%8?3#c?U,/;ƒ?U.!;<._J+BQ25JE#+.1.!?@.1;A#:0U*MJE.1;<7/#:.1.D#^JMJE,).1P #c?@]]9APW„)B14bd2N0KM ¼+._bd %5Z =H G Ot?@z`2 dˆe3M ¼+G+bd Z .1%O0U.

   

;>[fBK.%'G:0U.1%q9>X5%Z.!?@;AJE25;A#^0@BF._G+=z;A?@7h9APh,/4b.L0U?T25|K* .1.D]Q#h„/?@xd G:M .S¼:XZd Z %5 9<(+OQ.!?@G+=L.2N*M0U.D7+=1(E(+?@0H._BFJW;AX5.S4b2N0@0 .D]9A%8%8?@#:;A25Jh#:B@?@G+G:;A%87 ?=125*M7+(E?U.DJh4b250K?@G+.S#+.1mc? S& aT½5d 




 

 M T J½ O M OT  M T J½ O
     M ¼+d ¼+½ O
|;<?@Gp;<#:;ƒ?U;A%59`XZ%89A(+.  %MTJ½ O  MT½ Ozd 

w+0U25* ]Q„/xd M ¼:d Z ¾ O]|].!2N,E?U%5;<#&?@G+.0U.D=1(+0HBF;AX5.S0@.D9A%8?@;A25#


%M xT J½ O  1M O M OT M xT ½ O  M T J½ O M ¼+d $¼ Z$O
 M xT J½ O
    
 
 
|;<?@GI?@G+.;A#+;<?@;>%89`XZ%59<(+. MQ(NOV( ^w6;A#:%59<9AP5C)4b0U25E* ]Q„/xd M ¼:d Z O]|].!G:%qXN. 

? M T J½ O M T ½ O


M T J½ O M ¼+d ¼5N¼ O


½ ?  %M xT ½ O
 
  
  j  

25e39>G+JE.._ŒOJu‡‰(+B@?@?U%825B@?@(R*W;>BT%84b%8PS(E?@;>?U?U=-25G+*W?U.1G+;A%Z0t0U?U.D%N;AB@=OB@G+B@?@(+25G+9>*MJ)0U.Dkr7E†:B@?UG+#:;<2N2NJE#:9A;AJM#+B6[i†^%5,^#:%82NJE9A(E[5.12N03?a0@?U%5;<G+?@BUG+.3B@(+*WJE*M;ABSBF.D?@25BQ0U#:;A%-,+9<P (E,+?@;A|K;A*l2525#-2E0UJ+Y 28%54+|K9/?UG+J+.19A.];A9oBF[N?@|0U0U;<%qG+,:Pc.1(Ekr#f?@?@;A2N25?U#+G+#h.o.W25XZ;<4`%8*W[59A(+%50H.D%q[5BaPc.DB‚k­2Z?UX525?U.12i#+0a.?@,^G+XZ.M%8.K?U9A;A(+G+*M._0@B1._%5d\BF[5G+.N"‹k4 d


?@G:.l;A*W%8[N.M%57+7+0U2qmE;<*W%Z?U.19API†+?UBS?UG+;AB=125#:BF?@0H%8;A#c?DC`;<?|;<9A9ˆJE2i%I[52)2EJWyT2N,`d'"‹4K?@G:.l;A*W%8[N.';>B!#+28?u%8?
 ,XH 1
NR ½,(N¼

%NOK250U;<[N;<#^%89V;<*W%5[5. ,aOK7+;<mE.19>B3,^.D9<2Z| ¼ =,OK7+;<mE.19>B%8,/2ZX5. ¼

A;wt#I;<[N|(+G:0U.S;ƒ?U.J¼:O]d Z4b &25o(:#:Œ JI[5,c0HPh%qPN?@krG+?@2N.'#+‡‰.‰?H;ABF*W(i%8%8[N(+.S?@%525#:*WJh%8?@?U;>G+=‰.!?U7+G+;<0Um).D.DB@9AG+B325,/9>JE.1;A9A#+2Z[M|¤25%57/#:.1JI0H%Z%8?@,/2N2Z0DX5d .O?UG+.!?@G:0@._BFG+2N9AJR284 ¼ M B@G+2Z|#


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distance or
probability
input computations
feature f1 (x,K)
vector output
x x
classification
1
x f2 (x,K) compare
2 & C(x)
decide
x
d

fm(x,K)

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578YI\6WUW6?I<').DR+5m(+6;.D6I4^-1Q.DCf^-,Y1Q5Y,9,Y(+Z ,76/*‹‰2«6?8wMVFy6?,G6O,7*B,Š:Q57R2(+146³576?C†6?Mª1457.DF+^-1Q8Y,Y6?,G,Š6O69,tl 5Y8Y, 1<b.X
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O76 )a26 Y (  ®Q®<®
ROC
100
correct
detections
50

0
0 50 100
false alarms
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x[1]
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other
x[2] w[2]
neurons
cell output y
inputs
body on axon via their
on
dendrites
dendrites
x[d] w[d]
d
y= g( Σ w[j]x[j] )
j=1
g (x)
t
+1

x x
t t
0
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t β

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150 150 150
c3(x) c16(x) c30(x)

100 100 100

50 50 50

0 0 0

-50 -50 -50

-100 -100 -100

-150 -150 -150


0 100 200 300 400 500 0 100 200 300 400 500 0 100 200 300 400 500

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150 150
sum(x) sum(x)

100 100

50 50

0 0

-50 -50

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sensitivity

human
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3

solid state
human
1

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wavelength (nanometers)

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encoding scheme

100076543532
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W
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A X (2,0,0)
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SIMPLE-PARTS CONNECTS-SUPPORTS TRIPLES


PART# TYPE SP1 SP2 SUPPORTS HOW SP1 SP2 SP3 SAME

1 Stick 1 5 True end-edge 1 5 2 True


2 Stick 2 5 True end-edge 1 5 3 True
3 Stick 3 5 True end-edge 1 5 4 True
4 Stick 4 5 True end-edge 1 5 6 False
5 Plate 5 6 True edge-edge 2 5 3 True
6 Plate 2 5 4 True
2 5 6 False
3 5 4 True
PARALLEL PERPENDICULAR 3 5 6 False
SP1 SP2 SP1 SP2 4 5 6 False

1 2 1 5
1 3 2 5
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MODEL-VIEW
RELATIONS:
a: encloses
b: coaxial

FEATURES:
1
1: coaxials-multi
2 2: ellipse
3 3: parallel lines

PARTIAL GRAPH
2-GRAPHS

1 a
2 1 1 2 3

a a a a b
a
b

3 2 3 3 2
arcs: relations
nodes: features

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2-graph List of Models

ellipse

hash
share function
an (1,2,9,9) (1,2,9,9) M 1, M 5, M 23,M 81
arc

coaxial
arc
cluster

retrieved list of models


M 1, M 5, M 23,M 81

vote for
each model
accumulators
+1 +1 +1 +1
M1 M5 M 23 M 81

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Acquire image pair using a single


camera and two different light sources

Remove shadows and highlights


and produce a combined image
from the pair

Apply the Cannyedge operator to


obtain an edge image

Extract primitive features


and combine to produce high-level features

Compute relationships among high-level features


and construct a set of 2-graphs representing the image

Use the 2-graphs to index the hash-table


and vote for potential object models

Use 3D mesh models of the objects and


pose estimation to verify or disprove the hypotheses

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chair conventional chair


luunge chair
balans chair
table highchair
simple bench
furniture bench bench with back
bench with arms
bookcase single bed
double bed
bed
king bed
cup/glass bunk bed
saucer
plate dinner plate
platter
Category
dishes bowl
Definitions pot
pot/pan sauce pan
frying pan
pitcher

hammer sledge hammer


regular hammer
handtools screwdriver claw hammer
box wrench
wrench
open end wrench

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range image segmented range image

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provides
back
support
provides
sittable
surface

provides
stable
support

Initial Function
Output- Stage One Verification Interaction
(a) (b)

No Deformation No Deformation
Functionality Confirmed Functionality Confirmed
for Chair for Straight Back Chair
(c) (d)

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MDF vector Y1

Z1 ++ + ++++
++++ ++
++ + +
X2 - - - -
MDF value - -- - -
which separates --- - -- - - - No MEF value can
- - -
the classes - - separate the two
-- - - - - -
-- - - - - classes
- - -- - --
- - - - - - -
- - - -
- - -- - - -
Y2 - - - - - - --- - -
- - - -- - - - - - Z2
- - - -- -
-- ----
- -- - -
X1

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Input move,
Devices speak,
touch, . .
COMP
Human ENV. Model Real
SYS MODEL Creation Environment

Output hear, . . .
see, feel, offline process
Devices

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Subsystem Platform
pyramids, WFOV
frame stores, video Cameras
DSP, LUT, 2 WFOV
ALU 1 NFOV
NFOV NFOV NFOV
PYR x,y,z control
video video video

Pentium with Illumination


Digitzer and Motor
NFOV proc. Control
IriScan code Pan Tilt
API Focus

WFOV denotes "Wide Field Of View"

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120

22000
DECISION ENVIRONMENT
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

18000
FOR IRIS RECOGNITION

14000
Count

222,743 comparisons of different iris pairs


340 comparisons of same iris pairs

10000
mean = 0.089 mean = 0.456
stnd dev = 0.042 stnd dev = 0.018

6000
d’ = 11.36
Theoretical curves: binomial family
Theoretical cross-over point: HD = 0.342

0 2000
Theoretical cross-over rate: 1 in 1.2 million
0

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
Hamming Distance

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