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HIV/AIDS
Also called: human immunodeficiency virus, acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome

HIV causes AIDS and interferes with the body's ability to fight infections.

Common
More than 1 million cases per year (India)

Spreads by sexual contact

Treatment can help, but this condition can't be cured

Chronic: can last for years or be lifelong

Requires a medical diagnosis

Lab tests or imaging always required

The virus can be transmitted through contact with infected blood, semen
or vaginal fluids.
Within a few weeks of HIV infection, flu-like symptoms such as fever, sore
throat and fatigue can occur. Then the disease is usually asymptomatic
until it progresses to AIDS. AIDS symptoms include weight loss, fever or
night sweats, fatigue and recurrent infections.
No cure exists for AIDS, but strict adherence to antiretroviral regimens
(ARVs) can dramatically slow the disease's progress as well as prevent
secondary infections and complications.

Ages affected
0-2
3-5
6-13
14-18
19-40
41-60
60+

How it spreads
By blood products (unclean needles or unscreened blood).
By mother to baby by pregnancy, labor, or nursing.
By having unprotected vaginal, anal, or oral sex.

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Symptoms

Requires a medical diagnosis

Within a few weeks of HIV infection, flu-like symptoms such as fever, sore
throat and fatigue can occur. Then the disease is usually asymptomatic
until it progresses to AIDS. AIDS symptoms include weight loss, fever or
night sweats, fatigue and recurrent infections.

People may experience:

Pain areas: in the abdomen
Pain circumstances: can occur while swallowing
Cough: can be dry
Whole body: fatigue, fever, loss of appetite, malaise, night sweats, or
sweating
Gastrointestinal: nausea, persistent diarrhoea, vomiting, or watery
diarrhoea
Mouth: ulcers or white tongue
Groin: sores or swelling
Throat: difficulty swallowing or soreness
Also common: headache, opportunistic infection, oral thrush, pneumonia,
red blotches, severe unintentional weight loss, skin rash, or swollen lymph
nodes

Consult a doctor for medical advice

Note: The information you see describes what usually happens with a medical condition, but
doesn't apply to everyone. This information isn't medical advice, so make sure that you
contact a health care provider if you have a medical problem. If you think you may have a
medical emergency, call your doctor or a emergency number immediately.
Sources: Apollo Hospitals and others. Learn more

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