MOBILE LOTUS

TONLE SAP LAKE

CAMBODIA

WY-TO ARCHITECTS
YANN FOLLAIN
APRIL 2018
 Memorable
Cultural
Journeys

Iconic Evocative
Experiential Living
Moments Experiences

Enduring Motivational
Sustainable Habitat
Architecture Solutions
DESIGN WITH A CAUSE
contextUAL UNDERPINNING
 TONLE SAP LAKE, CAMBODIA

PREAH VIHEAR

SIEMP REAP

TONLE SAP LAKE

12

BATTAMBANG
0

KAMPONG THOM
KM
-2
20
KM

of cambodias
LO

KAMPONG CHHNANG total land mass

7%
NG

PURSAT
is covered by the
tonle sap lake

PHNOM PENH

1.2
people live on the
tonle sap lake
depending on its
million resources for food

OF CAMBODIAS total
fresh water catch
60% are fished from the
tonle sap lake
 LAKE CYCLEs

SISOPHON
700
thousand
tonnes of fish are
caught on the tonle
sap lake annually
ANGKOR WAT

SIEM RAP

BATTAMBANG OF CAMBODIA’S RICE

12% PRODUCTION IS
SUPPORTED BY THE
TONLE SAP LAKE

MOUNG ROESS KAMPONG THOM

400
of flooded forest
unique to the area
PURSAT has been cleared
hectares for rice cultivation

KAMPONG CHHNANG

KAMPONG CHAM

Core Areas
Buffer Zone
PHOM PENH
Transition area
High water level
Tonle Sap Lake
 Remote communities

Destructive fishing
HOURS TRAVEL T methods are causing
9-12 IME
BY a reduction in daily
BO
AT fishing yields
R
OU S TRAVE
3-6 H L TI
ME
BY
TUK 3-6 HOURS TRA

BO
VE

AT
LT
SVANG PREK TOAL
KAMPONG PHLUK

IM
OF CAMBODIA’S RICE

EB
PRODUCTION IS
12%
AEK PHNUM

Y BO
BAKPREA
SUPPORTED BY THE
TONLE SAP LAKE

AT
PHUM KAKAOH

KAMPONG KHLEANG
PREK TASAK
KAMPONG KDEI
BEONG KHNA
MOAT KHLA
SNAM PHREH of cambodia’s
protein intake is
12
0
KANDIENG
PEAMBANG
60% provided by the
KM THMEI PHTOUL tonle sap lake
-2
20
KM KRAKOR
LO
NG CHHNOK TRU
ANSA CHAMBAK

Khmer villages
Major Villages KANDAL

Villages with access to

health care
Villages with periodic access
to health care
Distance marker
UNESCO WORLD
HERITAGE SITE
 unique BUILT environment

TYPICAL STILT VILLAGE TYPICAL FLOATING VILLAGE

OVERPOPULATION
LIMITED ACCESS
TO HEALTHCARE
 INADEQUATE
KNOWLEDGE OF
ADVERSE EFFECTS
OF ARTIFICIAL
FERTILIZERS
 VICIOUS CYCLE to virtuous cycle

RISKS TO biodiversity, resiliency, INTMATE LINK TO WELLBEING, Viscious to virtuous

INTENSIVE
AGRICULTURAL
PRACTICES

NUTRIENT
DEFORESTATION
DRAINAGE

OVER VICIOUS DESTRUCTIVE

FISHING
POPULATION CYCLE PRACTICES

harmful HARMFUL
fertilisers PESTICIDES

INADEQUATE
SANITATION
FOUNDATION in healthcare
GOALS ARE IN PLACE
TO ADDRESS HEALTH
INEQUALITY
 goal oriented project vision

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIzation global 2030 agenda: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

industry,
1. NO POVERTY 5. gender equality 9. innovation and 13. climate action
infrastructure

clean water and reduced

2. zero hunger 6. sanitation
10. inequalities
14. life below water

sustainable
affordable and
3. good health 7. clean energy
11. cities and 15. life on land
inequalities

decent work and responsible

4. quality education 8. economic growth 12. consumption 16. peace and justice

Source: World Health Organisation, Cambodia.

 goal oriented project vision

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIzation global 2030 agenda: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

industry,
1. NO POVERTY 5. gender equality 9. innovation and 13. climate action
infrastructure

clean water and reduced

2. zero hunger 6. sanitation
10. inequalities
14. life below water

sustainable
affordable and
3. good health 7. clean energy
11. cities and 15. life on land
inequalities

decent work and responsible

4. quality education 8. economic growth 12. consumption 16. peace and justice

Source: World Health Organisation, Cambodia.

alignment with existing HEALTH infrastructure
MOBILE LOTUS AIMS TO COMPLIMENT EXISTING HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE
AT THE OPERATIONAL DISTRICT LEVEL

ILE LOTU
NATIONAL LEVEL OB
National Hospitals

S
National Centres

PROVINCIAL LEVEL
Provincial Health Departments
Provincial Referral Hospitals

OPERATIONAL DISTRICT LEVEL

Health Centres
Health Posts
Referral Hospitals

Source: World Health Organisation, Cambodia.

 alignment with COMMUNITY NEEDS
MOBILE LOTUS aims to provides a platform that can facilitate regular access to
healthcare and the sharing of information on sustainable living.

General CHECK UPs,

PEDIATRIC CARE & DIY SUSTAINABLE
REFERALS SYSTEMS

HEALTH
EDUCATION
CARE
dental and
vision checks SANITATION
PROMOTION AND
EDUCATION

SANITATION

SUPPORTING EXISTING
Health Promotion,
local HEATH CARE
education And
PROVIDERS
monitoring

GENERATING CLEAN SUSTAINABLE WASTE

DRINKING WATER TREATMENT Source: The Lake Clinic Annual Report, Cambodia.
 ENGAGING
COMMUNITIES
WHAT DO PLEOPLE
NEED?
VICIOUS CYCLE to virtuous cycle

THROUGH
SHORT TERM PROCESS

FROM TO
POLLUTED CLEAN
WATER WATER

THROUGH
LONG TERM PROCESS
OUR RESPONSE
LAKE ARRIVAL
 cultural link through nature
creating a cultural link through adaptations of NATURural structures and icons of
ANCIENT SPIRITUAL ARCHETYPES

LOTUS BUD MOBILE LOTUS - CLOSED LOTUS BLOSSOMING MOBILE LOTUS - OPEN
 cultural link through spiritual archetypes
creating a cultural link through adaptations of NATURural structures and icons of
ANCIENT SPIRITUAL ARCHETYPES

AMITAYUS MANADALA PHOM BAKHENG TEMPLE PLAN RECURRING GEOMETRICAL SYSTEM

cultural link through recognisable vernacular

khmer architectural vernacular

FLOATING ARCHITECTURE KHMER ARCHITECTURE INTERIOR BET HOUSE

system based structures

BUCKMINSTER FULLER GEODESIC GLOBE SCIENCE INNOVATION dome TIMBER GEODESIC DOME
DOME
LINKING COMMUNITY
 LEVEL 1 SPACE PLANNING
Floating Pontoon

02

06

450
07 06

sqm 01 08 06 02

total 03 05
platform 04

space
02

0 1 2 3 4 5m
PLAN L1 : HEALTH CARE AND SANITATION

01 Reception and information 05 Bathroom with filtered water

17 m2 02 Ring walkway / Landing 06 Clinic - Room for medical treatement

03 Grandstand seating / Stair 07 Clinic - Consultation room

04 Sanitation room 08 Atrium from lake to sky

 LEVEL 2 SPACE PLANNING

09

7
treatment
14
13
13

spaces 09 10 08 13 09

treating

14
03 12
11

patients 09

at a time

0 1 2 3 4 5m
PLAN L2 : HEALTH CARE AND EDUCATION
03 Grandstand seating 11 Educational play space /
pediatric care waitimg
11 m2 08 Atrium from lake to sky 12 Clinic - Hand washing area

09 Ring walkway / Landing 13 Clinic - Treatment room

10 Play net 14 Clinic - Dispensary

 exploded axonometric diagram
Atrium for
natural light Windmill

SYSTEM B
Generate electricity

Roof

Timber floor Natural Corrugated

ventilation metallic roof
cross flow for rain water
Solar panel diversion

Timber window Pivot window

frame for sun-shading
and rain water
protection

Ring mezzanine with

rain water filters Level 3

SYSTEM C
Cleaning rainwater

Vertical
treatment
garden
Simple assembly
method SYSTEM A
Generate gas by Level 2

reusing waste

SYSTEM D
Cleaning lake water

Timber frame structure

Level 1

Recycle barrel
02 03 Natural bamboo
roller panel
04
01

COMPONENT 05 COMPONENT
Structure system 08
Facade system
06
07
SYSTEM F
Reuse recycle materials

Floating base
 Level 1 plan

NB
TIO
SEC

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SECTION A

phase date
WY-TO pte. ltd. SKETCH DESIGN May 2017 08-LEVEL 1-PLAN
CLIENT TONLE SAP LAKE
architects@wy-to.com
www.wy-to.com MOBILE LOTUS site
scale 1:100
code
TONLE SAP LAKE, CAMBODIA TSL-SKT-101-03
ATRIUM AND GRANDSTAND
 Level 2 plan

NB
TIO
SEC

FALL
FA

LL
FA
LL
FALL FALL
SECTION A

FA
LL

LL
FA

FALL

phase date
WY-TO pte. ltd. SKETCH DESIGN May 2017 09-LEVEL 2-PLAN
CLIENT TONLE SAP LAKE
architects@wy-to.com
www.wy-to.com MOBILE LOTUS site
scale 1:100
code
TONLE SAP LAKE, CAMBODIA TSL-SKT-102-03
CHILDREN’S CLINIC AND PLAYSPACE
 section a - overall

phase date
WY-TO pte. ltd. SKETCH DESIGN May 2017 12-SECTION A
ELEVEN TONLE SAP LAKE
architects@wy-to.com MAGAZINE MOBILE LOTUS site code
www.wy-to.com
scale 1:50
TONLE SAP LAKE, CAMBODIA TSL-SKT-201-02
 section B - overall

phase date
WY-TO pte. ltd. SKETCH DESIGN May 2017 13-SECTION B
ELEVEN TONLE SAP LAKE
architects@wy-to.com MAGAZINE MOBILE LOTUS site code
www.wy-to.com
scale 1:50
TONLE SAP LAKE, CAMBODIA TSL-SKT-201-01
IN SYNC WITH NATURE
 sustainable systems
solar energy collection rainwater collection

sun shading devices water filtration

VERTICAL
GARDEN

natural ventilation sanitary waste treatment

TOILETS DIGESTION SYSTEM CLEANSING GARDEN

FROM POLLUTED WATER TO CLEAN WATER

 section c - sustainable cycle
A06 B06 C06 D06
CENTRAL AXIS
FACADE WATER CYCLE

A - RAIN WATER
R2
A COLLECTION
R1

B - BIO-SAND
FILTRATION

B C - VERTICAL EDIBLE
GARDEN
L3
D - ROPE PUMP
HANDLE
D C

E - BIO-SAND
E FILTRATION

L2
F - ANAEROBIC
AFTER USE

DIGESTER

G - FLOATING
D CLEANSING
GARDEN
RETURNED TO
LAKE WATER

L1 H - ROPE PUMP
F G PICK UP
L0

phase date
WY-TO pte. ltd. SKETCH DESIGN 30th June 2016 21-WATER CYCLE
TONLE SAP LAKE
architects@wy-to.com
www.wy-to.com MOBILE LOTUS site
scale 1:50
code
TONLE SAP LAKE, CAMBODIA TSL-SKT-203-01
 BIOSAND
FILTRATION SYSTEM
A WELCOMING PLACE FOR EVERYONE
 communication network
Glasgow
paris belleville
school of art
school
singapore

royal univer- university University

sity of fine arts of south
phnom penh participants australia

WY-TO
cambodian
society of
architects
(organisers)
LIEN AID
building trust
W.A.S.H.
international
program

THE LAKE institution ASMA

CLINIC partners ARCHITECTS
(CAMBODIA) support (CAMBODIA)

wetland
red cross UNESCO ASTER
works
(Singapore) (CAMBODIA) (SANITATION)
(SANITATION)
WORLD HEALTH PASSAGE
ORGANIZATION PROJECTS
(CAMBODIA) (ENGINEER)
TAKING ACTION
 2017 MOBILE LOTUS WORKSHOP - LAUNCH IN PHNOM PENH

“Local and
international
participants collaborated
to research, design and
construct a prototype for
a floating structure.”

DRESSES THE TEAM

 2017 MOBILE LOTUS WORKSHOP - exploration and research

“Traditional
construction joinery
and weaving techniques
were tested; making
use of locally sourced
materials. ”

MODEL PREP W E AV E C A L C U L AT I O N

T H E W E AV E
 2017 MOBILE LOTUS WORKSHOP - Construction
“Participants
were encouraged
to research, explore
and interrogate the
design and construction
questions presented by
the workshop.”

SREBMUN GNIHCNURC

D O W E L L I N G E N D E AV O U R S

W I R I N G T H E W E AV E F R A M E S
2017 MOBILE LOTUS WORKSHOP - TESTING The floating system

“In a successful
test, the Mobile
Lotus took to the
water.”
2017 MOBILE LOTUS WORKSHOP - sharing through exhibition

“Visitors
were invited to
experience the full
scale mock-up in
person.”
 A B C D E F G H I

2425
313 300 300 300 300 300 300 313

40
°

60
60

°
40
40

PLAN DETAIL 1

40
1254

40

12 0°
0° 12

2
40
188 300 300 188
977

PLAN DETAIL 2

phase date
WY-TO pte. ltd. MOCK-UP 28th November 2017 UPPER STRUCTURAL PLAN
TONLE SAP LAKE
architects@wy-to.com
www.wy-to.com MOBILE LOTUS site scale
N/A
code
TONLE SAP LAKE, CAMBODIA 1:10 TSL-SKT-102-01

I H G F E D C B A

2425
313 300 300 300 300 300 300 313
1046
10010

50

100
AA AA
648

1450
2200
802
2710

2700
650

650
100

100

BB BB
300

400

300
100

100

CC CC
50

1000 1202
100
23 10069
1494

phase date
WY-TO pte. ltd. MOCK-UP 28th November 2017 ELEVATION C
phase date TONLE SAP LAKE
.
architects@wy-to.com
MOCK-UP 28th November 2017 ELEVATION B
MOBILE LOTUS site scale code
TONLE SAP LAKE www.wy-to.com
TONLE SAP LAKE, CAMBODIA 1:20 N/A TSL-SKT-203-01
MOBILE LOTUS site scale
N/A
code
TONLE SAP LAKE, CAMBODIA 1:20 TSL-SKT-202-01
 The Mobile Lotus connects people,
communities, skills, knowledge and
know-how through time and space to
better serve its greater cause:
re-connecting Humanity and Nature in
harmony.
WHAT’S NEXT
 BILE LOTU
O

S
Throughout 2018, WY-TO will continue
to refine the project direction and its
response to cultural and contextual
needs by engaging with local communities,
through more research, workshops and
ultimately the final construction of the
Mobile Lotus.
 BILE LOTU
O

S
Continued immersive learning for
students and professionals alike, and
a consistent built for purpose direction,
are intended to culminate in the
construction of, not only a service, but a
reflection of culture and demonstration of
sustainability.
 INNOVATIVE
SOLUTIONS FOR
A BETTER LIVING
ENVIRONMENT
 MOBILE LOTUS
TONLE SAP LAKE
CAMBODIA

WY-TO ARCHITECTS
YANN FOLLAIN
APRIL 2018