The Potential Risks of

Consuming a
Ketogenic Diet
Kerry Linne
Nutrition 510
3/15/18
 What is a keto-diet?

 Body produces ketones in liver to be used as energy instead of glucose

 High fat intake
 Moderate amount of protein
 Low carbohydrates
 Carb intake <50g
 Typically broken down to 75, 20, 5 percent ones daily calories
 Typical American diet usually 50-65 percent carbohydrates
 Different versions of Low-Carb diets

 Keto-diet
 LCHF (low-carb, high-fat) diet
 Low-carb Paleo Diet
 Zero-carb diet
 Atkins diet
 Protein Power
 The South Beach Diet
 Life without bread
Typical food items on Keto-diet

 Bid adieu to…  Foods to consume…

 Most refined carbs  Seafood
 Starchy veggies  Low-carb vegetables
 Fruits  Cheese
 Legumes  Avocados
 Root veggies  Meat and Poultry
 Eggs
 Coconut oil
 Olive oil
 Nuts and seeds
 Berries
 Why would someone consume a keto-
diet?
 Reduce epileptic seizures in children
 Mood stabilizer for people with type II bipolar disorder
 Helps people with type 2 diabetes/improve HbA1c levels
 Initial weight loss (mostly water)
 Cutting carbs = cutting sugar
 The potential risks from a keto-diet

 Extremely restrictive/hard to stick to

 Decreased bone mineral density
 Gastrointestinal distress
 dehydration
 Fogginess and fatigue
 Bad breath and urine
 Keto flu
 Kidney stones
 Vitamin and mineral deficiencies
 People who should avoid keto-diet

 People who have kidney damage

 Individuals with type 1 or type 2 diabetes
 Individuals with or at risk for heart disease
 Pregnant or breast-feeding women
 Anyone who has had their gallbladder removed
 References

 Gibson AA, Seimon RV, Lee CM, et al. Do Ketogenic Diets Really Suppress
Appetite? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Obesity Review. January
2015.
 Bueno NB, de Melo IS, de Oliveira SL, et al. Very-Low Carbohydrate
Ketogenic Diet v. Low-Fat Diet for Long-Term Weight Loss: A Meta-Analysis of
Randomized Controlled Trials. British Journal of Nutrition. October 2013
 Phelps JR, Siemers SV, El-Mallakh RS. The Ketogenic Diet for Type II Bipolar
Disorder. Neurocase. October 2012.
 Azar ST, Beydoun HM, Albadri MR. Benefits of Ketogenic Diet for Management
of Type Two Diabetes: A Review. Journal of Obesity & Eating
Disorders. September 2016.
 Cervenka MC, Henry BJ, Felton EA, et al. Establishing an Adult Epilepsy Diet
Center: Experience, Efficacy and Challenges. Epilepsy & Behavior. May 2016.