METRADO Y DIMENSIONAMENTO DE LOSA

METRADO DE CARGAS

→ Espesor de la losa: t= 20.00 cm Fy= 4200 kg/cm2

φ= 3/8 '' f'c= 210 kg/cm2
L= 10.20 m K= 54.35
espesor= 5.00 cm recub.= 2.00 cm

CARGA MUERTA (WD)

PESOS
PESO PROPIO LOSA 300 Kg/m2 = 0.3 Tn/m2
PESO PESO ACABADOS 100 Kg/m2 = 0.1 Tn/m2
WD = 0.4 Tn/m2

CARGA VIVA (WL)

PESOS
SOBRECARGA 100 kg/m1 = 0.1 Kg/m
TABIQUERÍA MOVIL 0 Kg/m2 = 0 Tn/m2
WL = 0.1 Kg/m

→ Carga de diseño (Wu):

W'u= 0.73 Kg/m2 Wu= 0.292 Tn/m

PRIMER PAÑO

→ CÁLCULO DE MOMENTOS POR EL MÉTODO DE HARDY CROSS

0.292

A B

L=5.1 L=5.1

K= 0.20 K= 0.20

FD 1 0.50 0.50
MEP -0.63 0.63 -0.63
DESEQUILIBRIO 0.00
EQUILIBRIO 0.00
0.00 0.00
FT 0.00
 -0.63 0.63 -0.63

MA= 0.63 Tn - m MB= 0.63 Tn - m

* MOMENTOS EN LOS CLAROS:

Calculamos el momento en donde el valor del cortante es igual a " 0".

TENEMOS:
∑ Mo ® MA +RA xVo -0.292(xvo^2)/4 = M ∑ Mo ® MB +RB xVo -(xvo^2)/4 = M

MAB= 0.91 Tn - m MBC=

0.292

A B

L=5.1 L=5.10

Roq 0.74 0.74 0.74

Mo 0.63 0.63 0.63
DM/L 0.00 0.00 0.00
R Def 0.74 0.74 0.74

RA= 0.74 RB= 1.49

Cálculamos el punto donde la fuerza cortante es igual a cero " V= 0" :

0.292 0.292
M M
A x V V x C
RA= RC

∑ Fo= 0 ® 0.74-0.292x - V = 0 ∑ Fo= 0 ® 0.74-0.292x - V

x = 2.55 x

→ DISTRIBUCIÓN DE MOMENTOS Y ÁCERO

Se calculan los momentos mediante las fórmulas conocidas y se verifica si requiere ensanche de viguetas.

APOYO \ TRAMO A AB B BC C
 Mn 0.57 0.82 0.57 0.82 0.57
Mu 0.63 0.91 0.63 0.91 0.63
M'u 1.67 6.68 1.67 6.68 1.67
CONDICION OK OK OK OK OK
As requerida 0.916 1.258 0.916 1.262 0.916
As proporcionado 1.267 1.979 1.267 1.979 1.267

→ MOMENTOS RESISTENTES:

Mu máx = Kbd

Si:
d = 17.52 -> Peralte efectivo

TRAMOS APOYOS

b= 40 bw= 10
Mu máx = 6.68 Mu máx = 1.67

→ CÁLCULO DE ACERO

ACERO NEGATIVO ACERO NEGATIVO ACERO NEGATIVO

A B C
a As a As a As
0.5 0.87 3.50475 0.96 3.50475 0.96
2.0526604 0.91 2.24819604 0.92 2.248196 0.92
2.1492538 0.92 2.16206679 0.92 2.162067 0.92
2.1555643 0.92 2.15640418 0.92 2.156404 0.92
2.1559779 0.92 2.15603293 0.92 2.156033 0.92
2.156005 0.92 2.1560086 0.92 2.156009 0.92
2.1560068 0.92 2.156007 0.92 2.156007 0.92
2.1560069 0.92 2.1560069 0.92 2.156007 0.92
2.1560069 0.92 2.15600689 0.92 2.156007 0.92

A B C
As req= 0.92 cm2 0.92 cm2 0.92 cm2
Cantidad= 1.00 de 1/2 1.00 de 1/2 1.00 de 1/2
0.00 de 3/8 0.00 de 3/8 0.00 de 3/8
As min= 0.32 cm2 0.32 cm2 0.32 cm2
As real= 1.27 cm2 1.27 cm2 1.27 cm2
OK OK OK

ACERO POSITIVO ACERO POSITIVO

AB BC
a As a As
3.50475 1.37 3.50475 1.37
0.804577 1.26 0.80457701 1.26
0.7411333 1.26 0.74113333 1.26
0.7397627 1.26 0.73976273 1.26
0.7397332 1.26 0.73973318 1.26
 0.7397325 1.26 0.73973254 1.26
0.7397325 1.26 0.73973252 1.26
0.7397325 1.26 0.73973252 1.26
0.7397325 1.26 0.73973252 1.26
0.7397325 1.26 0.73973252 1.26

AB BC
As req= 1.26 cm2 1.26 cm2
Cantidad= 1.00 de 5/8 1.00 de 5/8
0.00 de 3/8 0.00 de 3/8
As min= 1.26 cm2 1.26 cm2
As real= 1.98 cm2 1.98 cm2
OK OK

→ LONGITUDES DE ACERO:

PAÑO I PAÑO II
TRAMO AB BC
L/4= 1.300 1.300
L/5= 1.100 1.100

1 f 1/2 1 f 1/2 Ø 5/8

1.30m 1.10m Apoyo 1.10m 1.30m

1 f 5/8

→ ACERO POR TEMPERATURA:

Ast= 0.0025 * 5.00 * 100.00

Ast= 1.25 cm2 >>>> 4.00 varillas de 1/4

5 veces el espesor de la losa 25.00 cm

S= Nº varillas / 100 25.00 cm
45 45.00 cm

Tomamos > 25 cm

Entonces: 1 f 1/4 @ 25 cm
200 kg/cm2
10 kg/cm2
54.35
2.00 cm

0.292

L=5.1

K= 0.20

1
0.63

0.00
 0.63

MC= 0.63 Tn - m

^2)/4 = M

0.91 Tn - m

0.292

L=5.10

0.74
0.63
0.00
0.74

RC= 0.74

=0

= 2.55

etas.
 f'c fy fb f max w max K
100 4200 0.010119 0.007589286 0.31875 25.88050781
140 4200 0.014167 0.010625 0.31875 36.23271094
175 4200 0.017708 0.01328125 0.31875 45.29088867
210 4200 0.021250 0.0159375 0.31875 54.34906641
280 4200 0.028333 0.02125 0.31875 72.46542188
315 4200 0.031875 0.02390625 0.31875 81.52359961
350 4200 0.035417 0.0265625 0.31875 90.58177734
375 4200 0.037946 0.028459821 0.31875 97.0519043
400 4200 0.040476 0.030357143 0.31875 103.5220313
450 4200 0.045536 0.034151786 0.31875 116.4622852