What is compression ratio ?

Write an expression for mean effective pressure for an Otto cycle in terms of
compression ratio and other parameters.
Define Scavenging.
Differentitate Brake power and Indicated power.
What are the different methods of governing steam turbine ?
What are the various types of nozzles and their functions ?
Give the expression for intercooler pressure.
Write down the work done equations for a multistage compression with perfect
intercooling.
List out the components in the vapour absorption refrigeration system.
Name the cycle employed by vapour compression refrigerator.

Explain with neat sketches the various water cooling system for IC engines.

With neat sketch explain the working principle of four stroke SI engine.

Dry saturated steam at a pressure of 11 bar enters a convergent –Divergent

nozzle and leaves at a pressure of 2 bar. If the flow is adiabatic and frictionless,
determine
1) The exit velocity of steam.
2) Ratio of cross section of exit and throat.

In a Delaval turbine steam issues from the nozzle with a velocity of 1200 m/sec.
The nozzle angle is 200, the mean blade velocity is 400 m/sec . The inlet and outlet
angles of blades are equal. The mass of steam flowing through the turbine per hr
is 1000 kg. Calculate
a) Blade angle
b) Relative velocity of steam entering the blade.
c) Tangential forces on the blades
d) Power developed
e) Blade efficiency.
Take blade velocity coefficient as 0.8.

Derive the workdone equation for a single stage reciprocating air compressor
without clearance volume. Assume that the compression is a polytrophic process.
A single cylinder single acting air compressor compresses 30 m3 of air at a
pressure of 1 bar and 270C to 700 Mpa. Calculate the power required for the
compressor. If the compression is
a) Isothermal
b) Polytrophic
c) Adiabatic.
Take n = 1.25
Draw and explain the various methods of fuel injection for an IC engine.
A single cylinder four stroke petrol engine has a swept volume of 300 cm3 per
cylinder a compression ratio of 10 and operates at a speed of 35000 rpm. If the
engine is required to develop an output of 73.5 kW at this speed. Calculate the
cycle efficiency, necessary rate of heat addition, mean effective pressure and max
temperature of the cycle. The pressure and temperature before isentrophic
compression are 1.0 bar and 150C respectively. Take Cv = 0.72 and γ=1.4.

Saturated air leaving the cooling section of an air conditioning system at 140C at a
rate of 50 m3/min is mixed adiabatically with the outside air at 320C and 60
percent relative humidity at a rate of 20 m3/min. Assuming that the mixing
process occurs at a pressure of 1 atm, determine the specific humidity, the
relative humidity, the dry bulb temperature and the volume flow rate of the
mixture.
A refrigerator works between -70C and 270C. The vapour is dry at the end of the
adiabatic compression . Assuming there is no undercooling, determine i) COP ii)
Power of the compressor to remove a heat load of 12140 kJ/hr. The properties of
refrigeratant are given in table.

Sensible Latent heat Entropy of Entropy of

0
TC heat [hf] [hfg] liquid [sf] vapour [sg]
(kJ/kgK) kJ/kg (kJ/kgK) (kJ/kgK)
-7 -29.3 1297.9 -0.109 4.748

27 117.23 1172.3 0.427 4.333

A sling psychrometer in a laboratory test recorded the following readings.

Dry bulb temperature = 350C
Wet bulb temperature = 250C
Calculate the following
a) Specific humidity
b) Relative humidity
c) Vapour density in air
d) Dew point temperature and
e) Enthalpy of mixture per kg ofdry air. Take atmospheric pressure =1.0132
bar