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    Lucía Soler
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    Indice generalizado para el estudio de la dieta. En inglés.

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    Indice generalizado para el estudio de la dieta. En inglés.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    22 views5 pages

    A Generalised Index ASSIS 1996

    Uploaded by

    Lucía Soler
    Indice generalizado para el estudio de la dieta. En inglés.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    SCHENTIN MvRiNN me A generalised index for stomach contents analysis in fish CA. ASSIS Sern rea See er ae ee INTRODUCTION Several measures have hoon used with he pup se of desing the dit of por and ranks itspweyascoring to thee morte, Amon ha tc the number, weight oe volume ofeach pre cle oy (as a peeatage ofthe total quant found it the simple stomachs): the atbution of pnts prey abundance (sa percentage ofthe ttl number ‘tps tibet the sro prey ems Fou) andthe feguoney of oecurence las paeentage 91 the siomacts observed, oof the foal cecurencs ‘ered, Each ofthese Relative Measures of Prey Quantity RMPQ'S) has ts own advantages and Tmtations and emphasises diferent aspects of 8 predators dct Hellawell and Abel, 1971: Pinks et fa, 1971; Berg, 1979: Hyslop, 1980: Bowen, 1983). Because of tha, several authors have combined 180 oF more of tho RMPQ's into compound indies eg Hurean, 1970; Pinkas er al. 1071: Lauzane 97S; George and Hadley. 197%: Zander. 1982 Mohn and Sankaran, 1988). Althowsh there has hoon a tendency amoag authors to select the RMPQ's in ters ofthe information died for sp cif studies or interpret them independently. there fre ill ome researches who prefer to condense the information given by each of the RMPQ's wiz and dese pey importance ints of one index, Yale. Soet indices are supposed to summarise in ‘one igre the information contained in ll hep ‘meters lise. st oman the oma cont ‘om of prey forthe predator’ diet. ‘The heterosenity ofthe indices described so fa makes thei rests sry dificult sompare objet ‘ely and the exience ofa generalised nde, cpa ble of using any number. ype and combination of qual rifferemly weighted percenal RMPQ'S ‘would enable the comparison of ess (as long as Similar set of RMPQ's is ole in eich esa) an ould represent a tp toward the tancadisaton of Imeinodoiogles. In tls paper one sth Index. he Geometric Index of Importance (il) is describe. and praphical method to present and nterpete reals is presented THE BASES OF THE INDEX ‘The Geometric Index of Imporace (GI) is hase on a mulivavate approach principles sim Tart those already used by Mohan and Sankaran (188) forthe definition of thei two dimensional indices, Rs and Rw Tan n dimensional space defined by as many “ontogoa aes as the numberof RNPO's wiles in the stomach conten analysis performed, each prey category may he epresentd by 2 vector the Prey Sector P departing om the ei of the axes, foun nd pont whose coordinates ar the ales re sented by that prey category forthe RMPQ each ans represents Because all RMPQ's are commonly used ater comerion to percent scale (0 RMPQ. vie Tue $100). the space in question i either square i nets cab if m=: o spercabi, >, ‘tention is eae 1o the fact that the symbols involved inthe mathematical expressions. once deti- ne for the fs tims. are consist wad with the ‘me meaning throughout the text “THE DIETARY IMPORTANCE OF EACH PREY The magnitude of vector, PL for ey catagory jis gvenby Pi-(,09)) o ‘where V, represents the value ofthe th RMPQ for rey category jan nthe numberof KMPQ'S ul ein the ana Although IP | could be used to evaluate the die- tary importance of the prey ctepory represen, Indes o wight ts magnitude according tothe ‘vals presented forall RMIPQ's involved ‘One way to accomplish that isto weight cach rey sestr in tens of iy isan 0, oF deviation from. a reference sytem, atrbuting a larger weight to a vextor whose components along the ates re Tess weight to vector hose components ae nat balanced 2 have very diferent lenght) WC is ‘weighting coefficient that measures the deviation ttc Pan the reference system, the index Gl for prey category j canbe defined a uy, PIX, 2 ‘A REFERENCE SYSTEM AND A WEIGHTING COEFFICIENT Ina space schas the one dest hoor he dit onal ofthe spc DG the ine fam (0,0, 0)10 (00, 104, 100) i independent ofthe number of tlmensios considered and Rect al is pins hate the sme coordinate forall aes represent the dis tion of any vector wth absolaely balanced compo- ens an can elf be used asa eference veto ‘Wath the diagonal D aya reference sso, and the deviation bstween P and D measured byte angle the use of cos asa weighting coeficient has the following advamages: (1) cos © varies tetween +1 and 0 for angles betwen 0” and 90": (2) an neresne in @ implies, forthe range of angles considered. a Aecrease in os 8 and, consequent. in weight: (3) ‘cos frather eas to determine: (4) the ase of cos 0 Allows very simple interpretation ofthe GT wales ‘nd, (5) a willbe shown, when acide in Gas {weighting coefcin, the index can be computed from an extremely simple expression, ‘As the vector P the diagonal ofthe space D and the diance heen the extremes of Pan D fom stuangle in space, cos may be given by whore | isthe magnitude ofthe diagonal of space ‘nd the distance betsen the extremes of Pan. ‘The valtes of these variables may be ghen by expression (6) and (5) respectively D=100x.0 4 S(00-v) 6 Aor aston of eypeesions (1). (4 and (8) ino esuation (may he mp fev) ai (fior)xa (ev) ” Gur with values ranging fom Oto sand he Being the result ofthe produt between a vector (andthe cosine ofthe ange it forms with the di onal of space. Gs equivaent othe magnitude of the projection of the orignal prey vector P, ove the ingot of space asi was the esl of pertly balanced RMPQ's. This procedure reduces the on alm dimensional space to one dimension, origins ting a natural ranking of prey acording othe mag tude or me projected pe) Vets ‘One alerative othe use of GIl ss defined isthe conversion of is values toa percent scale (SGI) inch ease expression (7) hesomes | GU = ° which i the rithmetic mean between all RMPQ'S that characteris prey jin the sample considered “The ales gen by GIT ary lineaty with the Sariation of PF. 1A. tn conta the aration of leads to a sgh cuniliear vation of GM in ‘which he incese of eases the Gl ales ode ase wih ate tht is higher for larger PV's Fig. 1B) Because @ represents the deviation between 3 ‘secon an the diagonal the space spt depen ‘eat on the numberof dimensions he lente of [IP Land D, and its eect ay 2 weighting ceticien es at sary wth, [A GRAPHIC PRESENTATION OF THE PREY “Theres of stomach content analysis sing Gt can be graphically presented thvowgh 3 2 axes Aigram, where tbe GI oe the GH vars (eet fxs re pote agin the comesponng py cate ‘07. represented along the horizontal u's By inte Sing tak oader (Fig 2) This graphic presentation ‘enables an easy visualization of the relative pot eof the vaous prey eateporis reser. and allows their ansoiton in lisse of mponans, using the larger discontinuities i the deteasing sequence of pins Eachclass can then be designate according "is importance as, for example. preferential pe. secondary prey er ecasional prey (Fig. eel r 1. a wii bod a! 4 eater “This sophie preemtn, which could be xed ‘sh he espace by any ede, 1) ean te penal apd wo al ps of det ting he Shite he percent em, ro Cie ee ins orth inpeansleves comie tel @) okt te te of skort vaes tas the rey tp sh cls in ost ces rly defn or dese fr th crac ‘ict aprelartcace pot le nd allows the nc ofan appropri unter onan kc IScUSSION [AS defined fore, the Gsometric Indes of Importance (GH) epresens the magnitude of Ye to sultant rom the projection f the orginal prey ‘secows over the diagonal af the space his 3 the ginal multidimensional distbution of veces eroded to one dimension and once al vectors are rojete om the same direction, their mates fan be diecly compared, and the prey they repre Sent ranked acording their orl importance in the slomacks sampled Gl asthe fling advarages one some ofthe nore commonly asd ines re pte (1 ‘ss a sold masher foundation, based a nl ‘arate approach to yer sean wile mest eer Indios ere formula na nie manners 2h rhe the we fy numer acomnation [RMPQS: (3) thes scaly understandable gometic Inerpetton (8) rar as) to compte (5) i ‘weighs each th params ihe equal in spite ofthe possity of weighing them ‘ferent: () i kins he import fa prey, ony in ens Fe ‘als rescied fr each of he RMP ive ut tho infers of ible. and (7) bean a Iatrichiss using the Weighed estat Yet a ‘messi of oral pr prance, Gl provides one ross wa) ileal terweting don stomach ‘omteat when more tha one RMPQ sie MoxDeu and Green (1983) pit ou that ae ‘bowl he tke in oer sso ews frie ination. casey ts inmahton of high coe ted eames Intec of Gil hence of Ted parameters is count the stan of ger ‘sige wo the nfration hy cot, Homes if he Selti eun parameter ter igh, he co Segoe ofthe the ks re ars ete Iesxly weighed prune with epeiton infor hn is desi prio contain says atm the RMPQ' tid il posde he inematon noes ‘sty die on which fs! Be tn The choice of how many’ and which RMPQS shoul be utilized 10 quails pee i greatly dear

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