LEARNING AREA : ENDANGERED ECOSYSTEM Question 1 : GUIDED QUESTION PAPER 3 A group of student set up an experiment to study the water pollution level in three water samples.The materials have been used as shown in Figure 1. The time taken for the methylene blue solution to turn colorless is shown in Table 1. Water Time taken for discoloration sample (minutes) x 60 Y 5 Zz 720 Table 1 Figure 1 ‘a. What is the meaning of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)?(1m) b. Based on the result in Table 1, what conclusion can you draw about i the concentration of dissolved oxygen in samples Y and Z2(1m) ii, the pollution levels of samples Y and Z?(1m) c. Based on the result given, explain why the rate of discoloration is higher in sample Y.(2m)4d. Give two precautions which should be taken in this experiment.(2m) . Based on Figure 1, state the following variables, (3m) manipulated iiesponding ili,constant {. State the hypothesis for the experiment.(3m)QUESTION 2 Figure 2 below shows @ phenomenon on the earth in which changes in layer P of the atmosphere take place. Figure 2 a. i State layer P.(1m) ii, State the human activity that can cause an increase in the thickness of layer P. (im) bi. Identify the phenomenon shown in Figure 2. (1m) ili, State two problems related to the phenomenon described.(2m) a b ¢. State two steps to reduce the problem encountered because of the thickness of layer P. (2m) a. b.QUESTION 3 Figure 3 shows the situation at Y site that is developing. Figure 3 ‘a. Explain the purpose of development.(2m) b. State the effects of following to our ecosystem (3m) i Factories: ji, Vehicles: iii, Deforestation: c. Predict the effect to ecosystem if there is no proper management of development activities.(2m)If you are the city planner, describe one way how you can develop certain places very well and at the same time sustain the quality of environment. (2m) Explain two steps that can be taken by ourselves to preserve our environment based on the activities in Figure 3. (2m) How does the cause that you stated in (b) i deplete the ozone layer. (3m) ©. State two effects of ozone depletion. (2m) d. Explain two steps to reduce ozone depletion. (2m)QUESTION 4 Figure 4 shows the sources of emission of three types of pollutant gases. rotoad \ | onoad engines: romoad engines /--vehides andes andvaws ark \ | Sth 2% NCEE” Carbon monoid Oxides of rirogen Figure 4 ronoas load oa mela posssng 3 ful cabuson ~aherss ‘uel canbuston ~lnkstial 14% a. Based on Figure 4 above, state the major source of carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen and sulphur dioxide. (3m) b. Explain the effect of carbon monoxide on human beings. (2m) c. Suggest two ways to reduce the emission of sulphur dioxide. (2m)d. Both sulphur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen can cause acid rain. Explain how acid rain is formed. (3m) . What are the effects of acid rain on plants and soil? (4m)QUESTION 5 Figure 5 shows the location of ozone layer at stratosphere, at about 20 — 50 km from the earth surface. Ozone layer Stratosphere Troposphere Figure 5 a. i. What is ozone layer? (1m) ii. State the function of ozone layer. (1m) b. The thinning of ozone layer has been recorded by scientists since the 1970s. i. State the main cause of ozone depletion.(1m)