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Chapter 1

PengantarManajemenOperasi

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OBJECTIVES
 ManajemenOperasi

 MengapabelajarManajemenOperasi?

 DefinisiProsesTransformasi

 Operasisebagaisebuahservice (jasa)

 Pentingnyamanajemenoperasi

 SejarahperkembanganOM

 IsuterbarudiOM

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ApakahManajemenOperasi?

Definisi

ManajemenOperasi(OM)adalahperencanaan,prosesoperasidanpeningkatan(improve

ment)sebuahsistemyangmenciptakan/memproduksidanmengirimkanhasilprodu

k-produknyadanjasa(servis).

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MengapaBelajarOperations Management?

Pendekatansistematik

Utkmelihatprosesorganisasi

Kesempatankerja
Business Education Operations
yangmenarik
Management

KonsepOMmampudigunakan

untukmengaturfungsibisnisyang lain

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Apakahyangdimaksudprosestransformasi?

Definisi

ProsesTransformasiadalahdidefinisikanketikaseorangpenggunasumbe

rdayamentransformasikan(mengubah)berbagaiinputmenjadioutput

yangdiharapkan.

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BerbagaiTransformasi(Perubahan)

 Physical--manufacturing

 Locational--transportation

 Exchange--retailing

 Storage--warehousing

 Physiological--health care

 Informational--telecommunications

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 PertanyaanyangberkembangdalamOM

 How will we make the product

 Where do we locate the facility

 How much capacity do we need

 When should we add more capacity

 How many workers do we need

 When do we need them

 Should we work overtime

 When should we have material delivered

 Should we have finished goods inventory

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What is a Service and What is a Good?

 “If you drop it on your foot, it won’t hurt you.” (Good or service?)

 “Services never include goods and goods never include services.”

(True or false?)

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OM in the Organization Chart

Finance Operations Marketing

Operations

Plant
PlantManager
Manager Operations
Operations Director
Director
Manager
Manager

Manufacturing,
Manufacturing,Production
Productioncontrol,
control,Quality
Qualityassurance,
assurance,
Engineering,
Engineering,Purchasing,
Purchasing,Maintenance,
Maintenance,etc
etc

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Core Services

Defined

Core servicesadalahsesuatu

haldasaryang

costumeringinkandariprodukyangmerekabeli

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Performa Core Services

Quality

Operations
Flexibility Speed
Management

Price (or cost

Reduction)

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NilaiTambah(Value-Added)Services

Definisi

Nilaitambahservicesmembedakansebuahorganisasidarikompetit

ornyadanhaliniakanmampumembangunhubunganyangmengikat

customerkeperusahaandenganjalanyangpositif

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KategoriValue-Added Service

Problem Solving

Operations
Information Sales Support
Management

Field Support

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PentingnyaOperations Management

 Synergiesharusadadenganareafungsiyang laindalamsebuahorganisasi

 Operationsmenghitungbahwa60-

80%untukpengeluaranlangsungakanmembebanikeuntunganperusahaa

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Historical Development of OM

 JIT and TQC

 Manufacturing Strategy Paradigm

 Service Quality and Productivity

 Total Quality Management and Quality Certification

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Historical Development of OM (cont’d)

 Business Process Reengineering

 Supply Chain Management

 Electronic Commerce

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Isu-isuterbaruin OM

 Hubungankoordinasidiantaraindustriyangsalingmendukungtetapiberbeda

organisasi

 Mengoptimalkanjaringanpemasok,produksidandistribusiglobal

 Peningkatanco-produksibarangdanjasa

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Isu-isuterbaruin OM (cont’d)

 Mengelolapengalamanpelangganselamaprosespelayanan

 Meningkatkankesadaranoperasisebagaisenjatakompetitifyangsigni

fikan

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End of Chapter 1

© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2006