MEDICAL

ONELINERS

medpgnotes
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MEDICAL ONELINERS

Contents
AMINO ACID......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
BEST TIME ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3
BURSA AND SPACES ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
CLASSIFICATION OF STEROID HORMONES............................................................................................................................................................................................ 4
COUNTRY, STATE AND CITIES ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
CURVE .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
INTERLEUKINS ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
DERMATOME ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
DISEASE ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 5
DRUGS ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 12
SOURCE OF ENERGY...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
ENZYMES ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
FINDING ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 16
GAS ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
HOST .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
INFECTIOUS DISEASE ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 19
INSTRUMENT ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20
INVESTIGATION .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 20
ION ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 22
LIGAMENT ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 22
LOBES AND FISSURES OF LIVER .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 23
MICROMOLECULE .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23
MUSCLE .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 25
NEOPLASM ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 26
NEUROTRANSMITTER ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 28
NUMERICALS.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
ORGANELLE ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30
PART OF BODY................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 30
FEMALE PELVIS .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 34
REFLEX ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
RELATIONS ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
SAMPLE .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 35
SECRETIONS ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 35
STOMACH........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 35
STRATUM ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 35
SURGICAL PROCEDURES ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 35
SYMPTOM .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 37
TREATMENT..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 37
ALL EXCEPT ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 38
CATCHY POINTS.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 39

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

BECAUSE ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 43
FACT..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 44

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 AMINO ACID 3
MEDICAL ONELINERS

AMINO ACID
NO synthesized from L arginine
Limiting aminoacid in Soya bean Methionine
Carnitine endogenously synthesized from Lysine & Methionine (Liver & Kidney)
Storage and transport form of ammonia Glutamine
Tyrosine is precursor for Catecholamine,Thyroxine,Melanin
Reducing action of glutathione due to Cysteine
Precursor of Homocysteine Methionine
Major methyl group donor in body S-adenosyl methionine
Precursor of Nitric acid Arginine
Precursor of Niacin & Seratonin Tryptophan
60 mg of tryptophan give 1 mg niacin
Tryptophan aka α-amino β-3 indole propionic acid
Niacin deficiency seen in Maize eaters,Carcinoid syndrome,Hartnup disease
Greatest tendency to form α-helix Alanine
Least tendency to form α-helix Proline,glycine
Histamine is formed by decarboxylation of Histidine

BEST TIME
Time for collecting urine samples in Tb kidney Early morning
Time limit for Exhumation No Time Limit
Second Polar body release At the time of Fertilisation
Best time for episiotomy in Breech Climbing of Perineum
Best Time for Platelet Ligation in ITP After ligating Splenic artery
Preferred time for prophylactic antibiotic At the time of induction of anaesthesia
administration for surgery
Optimum time for nerve suture after open injury Wound free from infection
Ideal time for Preoperative shaving Just before surgery
In cholecystectomy, FFP given Just before surgery

BURSA AND SPACES

Infection in thumb space Radial bursa
Infection in thumb & Index finger Thenar space
Infection in Middle,Ring & Little finger Mid Palmar space
Thenar & Mid Palmar Spaces continue distally with Lumbrical Canals
Canals of Lambert in Alveolar spaces of lung Bronchoalveolar connections,delay in collapse
Physiological dead space in Lung Zone I

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

CLASSIFICATION OF STEROID HORMONES

C 21 steroids Progesterone,Corticosteroids
c-19 steroids Androgen,Testosterone
c-18 steroids Estrogen

COUNTRY, STATE AND CITIES

Incidence of twins Highest in Nigeria
Incidence of Twins Lowest in Far East Countries
Country with highest growth rate Liberia
Country having 100% Literacy rate Georgia
First country to Socialise medicine completely Russia
First Country to introduce Compulsory sickness Germany
Insurance
First Country to start family planning programme India
First Country to start blindness control programme
Origin of Unani medicine Greece
Dactylography discovered in India
HbE is common in West Bengal
National Tuberculosis Institute Bangalore
Tuberculosis Research Institute Chennai
Coroner’s Inquest Mumbai

CURVE
WHO reference curves are based on National centre for Health Statistics (USA)
Curve for Prolonged Labour Friedman’s curve
Type of myoglobin O2 curve Hyperbolic
O2 Hb dissociation curve in exercise Shift towards right
Equilibrium potential of an ion is calculated using Nernst Equation
Equilibrium potential of Multiple Ions Goldman Hodgkin Kantz equation
Acid base Composition of Blood Method Siggard Anderson method

INTERLEUKINS
IL-1 produced by T Lymphocyte activation
IL-2 is produced by T cells

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 DERMATOME 5
MEDICAL ONELINERS

DERMATOME
Dermatome of lateral aspect of arm including deltoid C5
patch
Dermatome for thumb C6
Dermatome for Ring Finger C8
Dermatome for Lateral side of Great toe L4
nd
Dermatome for Lateral side of 2 digit L5
Dermatome for little toe or lateral side of foot S1

DISEASE
Hypoglycemia and hepatomegaly not responding to Von Gierke disease
epinephrine
Caisson disease is Gas embolism
Heimlich Valve used for drainage of Pneumothorax
Erythema chronicum migrans Lyme’s disease
Bilateral Pulseless disease in Upper Limb Takayasu Aortoarteritis
Lymphovenous anastomosis is done for Filarial Lymphedema
Pseudohyponatremia Multiple Myeloma
Barley water fluid appearance Spermatocele
Chronic persistent priapism in children may be due to Leukemia
Epispadiasis associated with Bladder exstrophy
Dorsal Chordae
Complication commonly accompanying Acute Seminal Vesiculitis
Prostatitis
Meconium ileus associated with Fibrocystic disease of Pancreas
Autonephrectomy TB kidney
Unilateral smooth kidney is seen in Renal artery stenosis
Sac containing only portion of circumference of Richter’s hernia
intestine
Ventral hernia is an Incisional hernia
Mayo’s operation Umbilical hernia
Trus CANNOT prevent progression of Sliding hernia
Spigelian Hernia is seen in Sub Umbilical Region
Hernia least likely to strangulate Direct Inguinal Hernia
Viscera is the wall of hernia Sliding hernia
Hernia simulating Peptic Ulcer Fatty Hernia of Linea Alba
Pyoderma Gangrenosum most commonly associated Ulcerative Colitis
with`
Extraintestinal manifestation of Ulcerative colitis that Primary Sclerosing Sholangitis
does NOT respond to Colostomy
Retractile Mesenteritis Ormond’s disease
Pseudochylous ascites Malignant ascites
Odourless Peritoneal fluid Perforated Peritoneal Ulcer
Primary Peritonitis with Pneumococcus associated with Nephrotic syndrome
Which does not cause increase in size of Spllen in Late Sickle Cell anaemia
stage
H.pylori causes carcinoma by Gastric metaplasia
Lesser Curvature anterior Seromyotomy done for Duodenal Ulcer

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 DISEASE 6
MEDICAL ONELINERS

Liver Lesion dignosed accurately by Nuclear Imaging Focal Nodular Hyperplasia

Auxiliary Orthoptic Liver Transplantation (Donor Liver Acute Fulminant Liver Failure
not removed,Recipient liver placed)
Maximum dilatation of Esophagus Achalasia Cardia
Second swallowing in Barium Meal Pharyngeal Pouch
Cork screw esophagus Diffuse Esophageal Spasm
Complication of therapy with Radioiodine Hypothyroidism
Painless Thyroiditis Subacute Lymphocytic Thyroiditis
Connective tissue disorder associated with GERD Scleroderma
Odynophagia occurs in Herpes Esophagitis, Monilial Esophagitis
Dequervain thyroididtis/Subacute Thyroiditis Viral Origin
Type of fibroadenosis most likely to undergo malignant Epitheliosis
change
Seborrhoic dermatitis,Ear Histiocytosis X
discharge,Polyuria,Hepatosplenomegaly,Lytic Skull
Lesions
Enzyme Replacement therapy available for Gaucher’s disease
Childhood cholelithiasis Nieman Pick’s disease
Macrocephaly Canavan’s disease
Large dose of Pyridoxine Homocystinuria
Inborn error of meatabolism associated with Mental Homocystinuria
Retardation
Massive aminoaciduria without corresponding increase Hartnup disease
in Plasma aminoacid
Pyridoxine dependent disorder Homocystinuria,Cystathionuria,Xanthurenic aciduria
Disproportionate Dwarfism Hypothyroidism
Chromatin positive seminiferous tubule dysfucnction Hypothyroidism
Thrombocytopenia in newborn may be caused by ABO Incompatibility
Ehich is associated with >20 % of chromosomal disorder Cleft Palate
Mucopolysacchroidosis causing short stature Morquio syndrome
Epiphyseal dysgenesis,Wormian bone ,Growth Hypothyroidism
retardation,Mental Retardation,Cold Intolerance
Thyroid disorder associated with Prolonged Hypothyroidism
physiological jaundice
Granulomatous appearance of lungs with air Hyaline membrane disease
bronchogram in neonates
Acute Respiratory distress in Staphylococcal pneumonia Tension Pneumothorax
due to
Only myopathy causing distal muscle weakness Myotonic dystrophy
Fanconi’s Anaemia Constitutional Anaemia
Salmonellosis most common in Sickle Cell anaemia
Coomb’s Positive hemolytic anaemia SLE
Chronic liver disease associated with α1-antitrypsin deficiency
Cause of liver disease in children α1- antitrypsin deficiency
Mucoviscoidosis most commonly realted to Fibrocystic disease of pancreas
Vomiting on first day in newborn Amniotic fluid gastritis
HIV associated nephropathy is severe form of Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Infant with cystic fibrosis likely develop Meconium ileus
Crohn’s disease aka Regional Ileitis
Increased fecal fat excretion & Increased fecal nitrogen Pancreatic insufficiency
level

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 DISEASE 7
MEDICAL ONELINERS

Jaundice with clay stools,Giant cells on liver biopsy Neonatal Hepatitis with Extrahepatic biliary atresia
Giant cell neonatal hepatitis due to α1- antitrypsin deficiency
Prototype of Intrahepatic Cholestasis Neonatal Hepatitis
Prototype of Extrahepatic Cholestasis Biliary Atresia
Esophageal varices with no heptomegaly,no ascites Non cirrhotic portal fibrosis
Bloody diarrhea in children with abdominal distension Intussusception
Child born to SLE mother Heart block
Acute onset of hypertension in children Acute Glomerulonephritis
Recurrent painless gross hematuria IgA Nephropathy
Cause of Persistent hypertension in Children Renal Parenchymal Lesion
Ebstein anomaly associated with Tricuspid atresia
Infective Endocarditis NOT seen in ASD
Chief danger in children with paroxysmal atrial CCF
tachycardia
Ejection Systolic murmur,Acyanotic child Coarctation
Central Cyanosis,Left Ventricular Hypertrophy,Left axis Tricuspid atresia
deviation
Cause of bloody vomitus in infants Intussusception
Gastric aspirate >20 ml at birth Duodenal atresia
Glistening spots in tubal serosa Para ovarian cyst
Ball’s Operation Pruritis Vulvae
Transcervical Endometrial resection DUB
Laparascopy best avoided in patient with COPD
Disease that CANNOT be diagnosed by Amniocentesis Cleft Lip
Least common anomaly in diabetic Pregnancy Caudal Regression Syndrome
Post Term Labour seen in Anencephaly
Genital infection associated with Preterm Labour Bacterial Vaginosis
Sudden visual loss in PIH due to Retinal Detachment
In autopsy,Pathognomic Lesion of Eclampsia seen in Kidney
Couvelaire Uterus Abruptio Placenta
Partogram helps in detecting Obstructed Labour
Earliest detectable Fetal anomaly Anencephaly
Porphyria in which patient not photosensitive Acute Intermittent Porphyria
Anthracosis Coal Dust
Byssinosis Cotton
Disease altering finger prints Leprosy
Mosaic pattern of Lamellar bone Paget’s disease
Nodular Regenerative Hyperplasia associated with Portal Hypertension
Earliest manifestation of Interstitial fibrosis Alveolitis
Bronchoalveolar lavage finding in Primary Alveolar Milky appearance, PAS positive lipoproteinaceous
proteinosis material
GBM appearance in MPGN Tram track/Double contour appearance
Hallmark of FSGN Degeneration 7 focal disruption of Visceral epithelial
cells
Worst Prognosis FSGN Collapsing FSGN
Urinalysis in Chronic lomerulonephritis Broad waxy casts
Commonest cardiac manifestation in carcinoid Tricuspid regurgitation
Characteristic of Buerger’s disease Segmental thrombosing vasculitis extends into
contiguous veins & nerves
Cardiac cirrhosis Nutmeg cells
Cause of Mitral Regurgitation Myxomatous degeneration

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 DISEASE 8
MEDICAL ONELINERS

Characteristic manifestation of cardiac involvement in Pancarditis

Rheumatic fever
Almost only one condition where MCHc is high is Hereditary Spherocytosis
Only hemolytic anaemia caused by acquired intrinsic PNH
defect
Only condition causing both arterial & venous Hyperhomocystinemia
thrombosis
Pi Pili related to pathogenesis of Pyelonephritis
Caseation most commonly seen in Scrofuloderma
Which does not go into Chronic hepatitis stage Hepatitis E
Virus shed in stool in Herpangina
Type of pneumonia caused by CMV Diffuse Interstitial Pneumonia
Late skin manifestation of Lyme Disease Acrodermatitis atrophicans
Deficiency of Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency SCID
Synpharyngitic Hematuria IgA Nephropathy
Only Condition presenting late after trauma Retrobulbar Neuritis
Photodynamic Therapy of Vertiporfin Wet AMD
Picket Fence type of Fever (Fever rises twice during day) Lateral Sinus/sigmoid sinus Thrombophlebitis
Pot Belly Tympanic Membrane Serous Otitis Media
Primary Acquired Cholesteatoma Eustachian tube Dysfunction
Secondary Acquired Cholesteatoma Acute Necrotising Otitis Media
Rarest Comngenital Anamoly of Ear Polyotia
Fluctuating Conductive Hearing loss Serous Otitis Media
Fluctuating Sensorineural Hearing Loss Meniere’s Disease
Mulberry Like appearance of Nasal Mucosa Hypertrophic Rhinitis
Post Primary skin TB with good Resistance Tuberculosis Verruca Cutis
Acne Vulgaris Obstruction of Pilosebaceous gland
Sub Cutaneous Fat Necrosis of Newborn Post Steroidal Panniculitis
Earliest detectable Congenital anamoly on USG Anencephaly
USG finding Cystic Hygroma in fetus suggestive of Turner’s syndrome
Hepatic Lesion identified with high accuracy on Nuclear Focal Nodular Hyperplasia
Imaging
Infarct Avid imaging/Hotspot imaging Myocardial Infarction
Spindle shaped Expansion of Short tubular bone by Spina Ventosa
Tuberculosis
Accelerated Growth & Maturation of Epiphysis & Hemophilia
Widening of Epiphysis
Nihilistic Delusion, Pseudodementia Depression
Secondary Depression OCD
Delusion seen in Severe Depression & Cotard’s Nihilistic Delusion
Syndrome
Slowed Thought Depression
Thought Block Schizophrenia
Pressure of Thought Mania
Echolalia Catatonic Schizophrenia, Childhood autism
Corpolalia Schizophrenia, Tourette Syndrome
Paradoxical Conduct Erotomania
Delusion in Neurosyphilis Delusion of Grandiosity
Schizophrenia Best prognosis Catatonic
Impedance Disease of Ossicles
Child Squeezing eye Myopia

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 DISEASE 9
MEDICAL ONELINERS

Degenerative Retinoschisis Hypermetropia

Pingecula characterized by Hyaline Infiltration
Frequent Change of Presbyopic glass Open Angle Glaucoma
Absolute Indication for ECCE Subluxated/Dislocated Lens
Normal Tension Glaucoma is a type of POAG
Earliest clinically significant field defect in Glaucoma Small wing shaped Paracentral Scotoma
Peripheral button Hole Iridectomy at 11’O clock to 1’O Angle Closure Glaucoma, Pupillary Block Glaucoma
clock
Champagne Cork Appearance on Fundoscopy Long standing Papilledema
Down beat Nystagmus caused by Arnold Chiari Malformation - Cerebellar/Brain stem
Stroke
Homonymous/Uncrossed Diplopia Convergent Squint (Esotropia) - Lateral Rectus Palsy
Heteronymous/Crossed Diplopia Divergent Squint (Exotropia) - Occulomotor nerve palsy
Recurrent Giardiasis associated with Common Variable Immunodeficiency
Complete failure of fusion of Mullerian duct Uterus didelphys
Ovarian tumour associated with flushing & cyanosis Carcinoid
Acidic stools & presence of 1% reducing substance in Lactose Intolerance
fresh stool
Ducchne muscular dystrophy is a disease of Sarcolemmal protein
Hypsarrhythmia in children Myoclonic epilepsy
Dermatitis associated with Niacin,Biotin,Pyridoxine
Raised gastrin secretion without increase in Hcl Pernicious anemia
secretion
Multiple Strictures of Intestine Radiation enteritis
Acute onset of anuria in elderly Obstructive urinary disease
On excretion urine stream increase in Urethral stricture
Newborn presents with discharge of urine from Urachal fistula
umbilicus
Cock’s peculiar tumour Infected sebaceous cyst
Pulsating Varicose Veins in Young adults AV fistula
Spontaneous regression Salmon’s Patch, Strawberry Hemangioma
Which does not regress Port wine Stain
Hydrocele Exudation cyst
Bilateral Pseudoclaudication Lumbar Canal Stenosis
Intermittent Claudication at hip indicates Bilateral Iliac artery Obstruction
Premature filling of veins in Cerebral Angiography AV fistula
Pachymeningitis hemorrhagica interna Subdural Hemorrhage
Cleft Lip is due to non fusion of Maxillary Process with Medial Nasal Septum
Unilateral Cleft lip associated with Posterior Displacement of Alar Cartilage
Earliest tumour to appear after birth Cystic Hygroma
Thyroglossal fistula due to Incomplete removal of Thyroglossal cyst
Pseudolymphoma Sjogren’s Syndrome
Pancoast tumour Cancer apical lobe of Lung
Tension Pneumothorax results in Decreased venous return
End Tidal CO2 decreased during surgery Pulmonary Embolism
Snowstorm ascites Meconium ileus
Remnant of Pluoripotent cells on Primitive streak Sacrococcygeal teratoma
Perforation of Hard Palate Tertiary Syphilis
Varian of hypoixa that does not stimulate peripheral Anaemic hypoxia
chemoreceptors
Condition leading to tissue hypoxia WITHOUT alteration Cyanide Poisoning

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 DISEASE 10
MEDICAL ONELINERS

of oxygen content of blood

Pressure Volume curve shift to left in Aortic stenosis
Pressure volume curve shift to right in MR,AR
Viscosity of blood is increased in Polycythemia,Multiple Myeloma
Fat in stool > 6 gm/day indicate Malabsorption
Gastric Lipase digest fat only in Pancreatic Insufficiency
Sharing ofDelusions Induced Delusional Disorder - (Folie a deux)
Depression with Marked Pychomotor Retardation Melancholic
Anterior Uveitis more common in type of RA Pauciarticular Seronegative
Non Caseating Granuloma Sarcoidosis
AP diameter of skull is minimum in Brachycephaly
Skull fracture caused by heavy weapon with small Depressed fracture/Signature fracture
striking surface
Pond/Indented fracture Children
Fracture in which part of thickness of bone removed Gutter Fracture
eg.bullet wounds
Fracture around foramen magnum Ring Fracture
Hinge fracture of bone dividing into two halves Motorcyclist’s fracture
Facial distortion after gun shot due to Blast effect
Primary blast injury Injury to hollow organs
Secondary blast Injury Bruise/Abrasion/Laceration 9Flying debris)
Tertiary blast Injury Injury by striking other objects
Burn produced by Lightening stroke Filigree/Aborescent/Lichtenberg/Flower burn
Least common probability in dead born child Adipocere
Maceration Aseptic autolysis
Homicide in which victim hanged by a rope from tree Lynching
Burking Smothering & Traumatic asphyxia
Sadism + Masochism Bondage
Sexual gratification by rubbing genitalia Frottrurism
Desire to watch sexual intercourse Voyeurism
Sexual gratification by fingering,Fellatio etc Uranism
Adult passive agent in Sodomy Gerantophilia
Child passive agent in Sdodomy Pederastry
Spectacle eyed appearance Biotin deficiency
Maximum risk of cardiac failure in Pregnancy during Immediate Postpartum
Advanced Placental Grading PIH
Cause of decubitus Ulcer in Prolapse Venous Congestion
Chassarmoir technique VVF
Disadvantage of Marshall Marchetti Krantz procedur for Osteitis Pubis
SUI
Site of Bladder Injury in Abdominal Hysterectomy Posterior wall of Bladder
Important Post Operative management for VVF Continuous drainage
Irregular Shedding Overactivity of Corpus Luteum
Corpus Lutein cyst occurs due to HCG
Female receptive only once in a year Estrous Cycle
Colour of Vulva in Paget’s disease White
System most commonly associated with Single Genitourinary
Umbilical artery
Convulsions in children with dehydration due to Decreased serum sodium
Recurrent abdominal pain in children Emotional/Behavioural
Commonest cause of abdominal pain in children Warm colic

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 DISEASE 11
MEDICAL ONELINERS

Osmotic Fragility in Beta Thalassemia Decreased

Diagnostic findings in Beta Thalassemia trait Increased HbA2,Increased HbF,Microcytosis
MC mutation in Beta Thalassemia Point Mutation
Hemorrhagic disease of newborn most common in Breastfed babies
First Hemoglobin appearing in fetus Hb Gower
Maximum development of brain during Infancy
Tendon reflexes in metachromatic leucodystrophy Diminished
Characteristic feature of Maple syrup Urine disease Decerebrate rigidity
Single gne defect carrying multiple unrelated problems Pleotropism
Shape of Head in Down’s Syndrome Brachicephaly
Glycogen storage disease doesnot affecting muscle Type I
Malignant transformation commonly seen in Gastric ulcer
Type of Pancreatitis having best prognosis Gall stone pancreatitis
Conservative management in Splenic Injury done in Young Patients
Site of Impaction of stone in Mucocele of Gallbladder Neck of Gall bladder/Cystic duct
Pain Relief in Chronic Pancreatitis can be obtained by Celiac Ganglia
destruction of
Least complication of Pancreatic Pseudocyst Carcinomatous change
Major Complication of Cystogastrostomy for Hemorrhage
Pseudopancreatic cyst
Site having best prognosis in ca Pancreas Periampullary
Peritoneal Mice Appendices epiplociae
Sigmoidoscopy finding in Acute diverticulitis Mucosa is Inflammed
Villous polyp of rectum manifest as Mucous diarrhea with Hypokalemia
Best Management for Villous adenoma Local resection
Increased incidence of infection in Ischirectal fossa is Poor Blood supply
due to
Late death in burns is due to Sepsis
Perception of Normal sensory stimulus as painful Allodynia
Motor Cyclist Fracture Ring Fracture of Skull base
Leprosy with Slit Smear & Infectivity Negative Neuritic Type
Best prognosis with HBV Infection Acute HBV Infection
Worst Prognosis in HBV Infection HDV Superinfection of HBV
Berry Aneurysm due to Defect in Tunica Media
Orthobaric oxygen 100% oxygen used in CO Poisoning
Scrum Pox Rugby Players
Type of metastasis in Sjogren’s Syndrome Purely Osteolytic
Type of Peripheral Neuropathy in Acute Porphyria Motor
Infective form of malaria Sporozoite
MC detected morbidity in School children Dental Defects
Maximum risk of ectopic pregnancy Previous Ectopic
Type of fits in Eclampsia Generalised Tonic Clonic Seizures
Eclampsia having worst prognosis Antepartum
Rarest Lie in Twins Both Twins Transverse
Recurrent breech seen in Congenital Uterine anomaly
Abdominal Pregnancy Fetus removed,Placenta Left
Congenital erosion may reappear at Puberty
Microcephaly common in children of Alcoholic mother
Mechanism of diarrhea in giardiasis Prevention of absorption of fat by secondary bacterial
infection
Transient Myeloproliferative disorder of Newborn Down’s Syndrome

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 DRUGS 12
MEDICAL ONELINERS

associated with
Distended abdomen in Intestinal obstruction due to Swallowed air
Least common type of Intussusception Multiple
Primary feature of Small bowel obstruction High peristalsis with colic
Movement aggravating pain in Retrocaecal appendicitis Extension
Keloid scar made up of Dense Collagen
Best Scar seen in Very Old People
Dermoid arise from Totipotent cell
Fruit juice preventing UTI Cranberry
OPD management of Gastric Outlet Obstruction Normal Saline + Potassium
Fluid having highest concentration of Potassium Darrow’s Solution
Fever in burns is due to Hypermetabolism & Infection
Heat Loss in burns is due to Exposed area by evaporation
Undue Restlessness in Post Burn Period is due to Anxiety
Type of Fever in DVT Low grade
Hypotension in Acute Spinal injury due to Loss of Sympathetic tone
Penetrating neck injury defined by Breach in Platysma
Raccon Eyes Fracture of Anterior Cranial fossa
Fracture associated with Facial nerve palsy Middle Cranial fossa
Aminopeptidase is elevated in obstruction of CBD

DRUGS
Highly Specific on S phase Cytarabine
High Incidence of Secondary Neoplasm Melphalan
Proteosome Inhibitor Bortezomib
5HT3 antagonist to control Diarrhoea Alosteran
Latest drug for Unprotected Sexual Intercourse Uliprostol (SPRM)
Immunomodulator for Psoriasi Alefacept
Antimalarial Showing Neuropsychiatric Manifestation Mefloquine
Antifungal Effective for Mucormycosi Posconazole
Fluoroquinolone effective for Meningitis Pfloxacin
Ketolide Telithromycin
Fluoroquinolone 50% Kidney wlimination 50% Liver Sparfloxacin
Elimination
Antiamoebic with Less Neurological Side effects Sertanidazole
Topical drug –Herpes Labialis Docosonal
Thiazide Diuretic effective in Renal Failure Matalozone
Hirsutism Eflornithine (Antihelminth inhibiting Ornithine
Decarboxylase)
Active Metabolite of Spironolactone Carnenone
Primary Pulmonary Hypertension – First Line Calcium Channel blocker
Rho Kinase Inhibitor Fausidil (SAH)
Multi Ion channel locker AF to Normal Sinus Rhythm Vernakalant
Recombinant GH Analogue Somatropin,Somatrem
Recombinant GRH Analogue Somatorelin,Hexarelin
Recombinant IGF I Mecasermin
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator Fulvestrant
Selective Progesterone Receptor Modulator Asoprisnil

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 DRUGS 13
MEDICAL ONELINERS

Chloram Phenicol Resistance by Acetyl Transferase

Thiopentone Metabolism Redistribution
Therapeutic Index Safety of Drug
Detoxification of Drugs Cytochrome p450
Drug Metabolism CYP3A4
Metabolic degradation of Methotrexate Glacarpidase
Antipsychotic with Least Extrapyramidal side effect Clozapines
Least Hypotensive Antipsychotic Molindone
Inhibitor of Dopamine & Noradrenaline Reuptake Bupropion
Antidepressant causing Priapism Trazodone
Least Potent antipsychotic Chlorpromazine
Antipsychotic drug with Selective D2 agonism Aripriprazole, Bifeprunox
Not a true Seratonin Dopamine Antagonist Amisulpride, (No affinity for 5HT2)
Macular Infarction – Intraocular Injection of Gentamycin
Antiglaucomatous drug used Systematically Acetazolamide
ATT contraindicated in Pregnancy Streptomycin
ATT first to develop resistance Isoniazid
ATT Contraindicated with Protease Inhibitors Rifampicin
ATT contraindicated in HIV Thiacetazone (Exfoliative Dermatitis)
Drug that can be used in kernicterus Phenobarbitone
Antidote for Sodium nitrate poisoning IV methylene blue
Effective emergency treatment for IV methylene blue
Methhemoglobinemia
Least Mineralocorticosteroid activity seen in Dexamethasone
Prolactin seretion is increased by Chlorpromazine
Prolactin secretion of decreased by L- DOPA, Bromocriptine
Contraction of Myoepithelial cells by Oxytocin
Sodium dependent glucose transport inhibited by Phlorhizine
Treatment of Exercise induced asthma Prophylactic steroid
Advantage of alternate day prednisolone Less adrenal Suppression
Drugs causing Pseudotumour Cerebri Tetracycline,Nalidixic acid,Nitrofurantoin
Antibiotics not recommended for lactating mothers Quinolones
Breastmilk jaundice due to Pregnanediol
Best Prenatal treatment for Congenital Adrenal Dexamethasone
Hyperplasia
MgSO4 potentiates hypotensive action of Nifedipine
Incidence of Multiple pregnancy in India increased due Clomiphene Therapy
to
Decidual Reaction & Arias Stella Reaction Progesterone
Increased respiratory sensitivity to CO2 due to Progesterone
Rave drugs Ecstasy (MDMA), Liquid Ecstasy (Gamma Hydroxy
butyrate), Rophynol
Non Poisonous alt of Hydrocyanic acid Potassium Ferrocyanate
Treatment of Dressler’s syndrome NSAIDs
Antihypertensives to stopped before Surgery ACE Inhibitors, ARB
Antidepressant increasing 5HT uptake Tianeptine
Reverse Tolerance Cocaine
Dissociative Anaesthesia Phencyclidine
Topical Mitomycin Tracheal Stenosis
Mydriatic with Quickest action 1% or 2% Tropicamide
Mydriatic with No Cycloplegia 5 - 10% Phenylephrine

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 SOURCE OF ENERGY 14
MEDICAL ONELINERS

Actinomycosis sensitive to Penicillin

Ampicillin Prophylaxis Rectal Sugery
Treatment of Posttraumatic epilepsy Long term Anticonvulsants
Monitoring of Cyanide Toxixity while Long term Plasma Thiosulphate
administration of Sodium Nitroprusside
Best way of preventing DVT in Post Op period Prophylactic LMWH
Trifluoric acid in urine caused by Halothane
Chemical in Insecticide treated bed nets Synthetic Pyrethroids
Insecticide for Ultralow volume fogging Malthion & Fenitrothion
Oxytocin superior to ergometrine in Inducing Labour

SOURCE OF ENERGY
Important source of energy for cardiac myocytes Fatty acid
Energy of emitted photon in fluorescence resonance Lower energy than excited light
energy transfer
Energy sorce for muscle at rest & light exercise Free fatty acid
Energy source for muscle insevere exercise Carbohydrates
Major source of energy derived from Glycogen (Carbohydrate)
Precursor for ketone bodies in Liver Free Fatty acid
Fuel used by brain during starvation Ketone bodies
Hind milk rich in Fat
Fatty acid necessary during 0-6 months Linoleic acid
Plasma membrane is made of Proteins>Lipids>Carbohydrates
Which is absent in Plasma membrane Triglyceride
Membrane fluidity is increased by Linoleic acid
Transition temperature of lipid bilayer increased by Saturated fatty acids
Addition of PUFA to membrane causes Increased fluidity of membrane
Agranular Cytoplasmic reticulum (Smooth ER) involved Lipid
in synthesis of
Action of Surfactant in human body done by Lipid & Protein

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 ENZYMES 15
MEDICAL ONELINERS

ENZYMES
Enzyme blocked by Etomidate 11β- Hydroxylase
S.aureus remains in skin for long time Hyaluronidase
because of
Pol encodes Reverse transcriptase
Gag encodes Core antigen
Respiratory burst oxidase NADPH oxidase
Acetyl CoA Carboxylase also known as Malonyl CoA Synthetase
Highest Concentration of Lipoprotein Cardiac muscle (Low Km)
Lipase
HMG CoA reductase activity increased Insulin,Thyroid
by
Effect of HMG Coa reductase Inhibitor Decrease LDL,Triglyceride
on Lipid Increase HDL,LDL receptor
Double helix unwound by Helicase
Positive Supercoils removed by Topoisomerase I & II
Peptdyl transferase activity 28sRNA,23sRNA
One package containing site specific Recombinase
endonuclease and ligase
Function of Lambda Exonuclease Removes nucleotide from 5’ end of ds DNA to expose single strand 3’
end
Fuction of Exonuclease III Removes nucleotide from 3’ end of DNA
Function of S1 nuclease Degrades single stranded DNA
Function of Thermostable DNA Synthesizes dsDNa from ssDNA
Polymerase I
Function of Reverse transcriptase Synthesise DNA from RNA template
Enzyme protecting aerobic organism Superoxide dismutase
against O2 toxicity
Example for functional enzyme Lipoprotein Lipase
Non functional Enzyme Acid Phosphatase
Alkaline Phosphatase
γ-Glutamyl Transpeptidase
Enzyme affected in deficiency of Trypsin
enteropeptidase
Suicidal Enzyme Cyclooxygenase
Metalloprotein help in jaundice by Inhibiting heme oxygenase
Predominantly mitochondrial liver Glutamate dehydrogenase
enzyme SGOT (Aspartate Transaminase)
cAMP formed from ATP by Adenyl cyclase
cAMP acts through Activation of Protein kinase
Insulin acts through Tyrosine Kinase
Calcium Calmodulin complex activates Myosin Light chain kinase Phosphorylase Kinase
Enzyme not acting within cell Trypsin
Apparent Mineralocorticoid excess due Absence of 11β-hydroxysteroid type II
to
In kidney,bicarbonate is produced by Carbonic anhydrase
Intrinsic factor of Castle is secreted by Parietal (Oxyntic) cells
Outer zone muscle cells secrete Mucus,HCO3-
Parietal (Oxyntic) cells secrete HCL,Intrinsic factor
Chief/Peptic cells(Zymogen cells) Pepsinogen
secrete

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 FINDING 16
MEDICAL ONELINERS

D cells secrete Somatostatin

G cells secrete Gastrin
Enzyme stable at acidic pH Pepsin
Pepsinogen activated by Low pH
Enzymes stable at alkaline pH Pancreatic enzyme
Chymotrypsinogen activated to Trypsin
chymotrypsin by
Pancreatic secretion contain Trypsin,Lipase,Chymotrypsin
Trypsinogen activated by Enteropeptidase
Pepsinogen activated by HCL
Chymotrypsin is a Proenzyme (Zymogen)
Trypsin activates Chymotrypsinogen,Procarboxypeptidase,Proaminopeptidase,Proelastase
Trypsin inhibited by α1-antitrypsin,Egg white
PRPP synthase inhibited by AMP & GMP
Collagen and basement membrane Zinc dependent Matrix metalloproteinases
degraded by
Digestion of Fat Colipase,bile salts,Pancreatic Lipase
α-amylase hydrolyse α1-4 glycosidic bonds

FINDING
Gait Disturbance in Conversion Disorder Atasia Abasia
Neurofinding in Major Depression Decreased blood flow and metabolism of Prefrontal
Cortex (Esp Left)
Common Feature of Non Recurrent Anterior Dislocation Rupture of Anterior Capsule
of Shoulder
Radiological Hallmark of Spinal Cord Tethering Presence of Conus below ormal Level of L1 & L2 after
age of 2 months
Earliest sign in paradiscal type of TB spine Reduction of Disc Space
Earliest detectable sign of Diabetic Retinopathy Microaneurysm
Earliest Indication of Optic Nerve damage even with Marcus Gun Pupil/RAPD
Normal Vision
Delay in VEP is an important sign of Past Attack of Retrobulbar Neuritis
Sure sign of Congenital Myogenic Ptosis Lid Lag
Characteristic feature of Hereditary Spherocytosis Decreased MCV,Increased MCHC,Increased Osmotic
Fragility
Earliest Abnormality in Diabetic Nephropathy Thickening of Basement Membrane
Pathognomic Lesion in Diabetic Nephropathy Nodular Sclerosis/Intracapillary Glomerulosclerosis
(Kimmelstein Wilson)
Low pitched delayed Diastolic Murmur in Rheumatic Carey Coomb murmur
Fever
Low pitched delayed Diastolic Murmur in Severe Austin Flint Murmur
Chronic AR
Earliest change in peripheral blood after blood loss Leucocytosis
Histological cells of Rhabdomyoma cardis Spider Cells
Earliest histologic change due to ischemia in first 24 Red Neuron formation
hours
Hallmark of Atherosclerotic Plaque Foam cells (by LDL)
Characteristic feature of Fabry disease Cutaneous angiokeratoma

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

Painful acroparaesthesia
Characteristic feature of tay sach’s disease Cherry red Spot
Earliest USG sign of pregnancy in Transabdominal USG Fundal Endometrial thickening
Omnious sign indicating fetal compromise in Doppler Reversed Diastolic flow followed by absent diastolic
flow
Surest sign of Salpingitis Seropurulent discharge from Fimbrial part
Sign of Inoperability in Ovarian tumour Peritoneal adhesion
Uncommon finding in CCF in newborn Pedal edema
Severe Paradoxical S2 split AS
Typical feature of pericardial involvement in physical Pericardial rub
examination
Essenstial feature in Nephrotic syndrome Proteinuria
MCU finding of Posterior Urethral valve Dilatation of Posterior Urethra
Characteristic finding in HIV in children Recurrent chest Infection
HIV in children present as Failure to thrive
Cysticercosis present as Seizures
Last Clinical sign in Measles Rash
First Clinical manifestation of Abetalipoproteinemia Steatorrhoea
Skull bone in Hemolytic anaemia Widening of diploic space
Earliest finding in raised ICT in children Sutural separation
Poor Prognostic factor in Child with Kwarshiorkar Hepatomegaly
Charcteristic feature of paget cell Abundant clear cytoplasm
Follicular carcinoma and adenoma differentiated by Vascular Invasion
Hypersplenism associated with Pancytopenia
Absence of fructose in semen suggests Seminal vesicle obstruction
Child with recurrent UTI most likely show Vesicoureteric reflux
Earliest sign of DVT Calf Tenderness
Earliest manifestation on Increased ICT after Head Altered Mental Status
Injury
Diagnostic feature of CDH on Prenatal USG Peristalsis in Thoracic cavity
Identification of Parathyroid gland Brownish yellow colour
Findings in SIADH Increased urine Na+,Increased urine osmolality
Non Habitual passive agent in Sodomy Semen in anus
Normal Vaginal change in Pregnancy Increase in no of Lactobacilli
Per Rectal Palpation of Uterus Virgin
Earliest and most important sign of Preeclampsia Hypertension
Earliest morphological evidence of ovulation on Basal Vacuolation
endometrial biopsy
Post ovulation cervical mucus Thick
Corkscrew endometrial glands Late secretory phase
FSH status in Klinefelter Syndrome Increased
Harlequin skin change in newborn due to Autonomic disturbance
First visible sign of puberty in boys Testicular enlargement
Best position for examination of cardiac murmur in Recumbent
child
Feature of Fetal RBC Alkali denaturation resistant
Best Indicator for Nutritional status of Child Rate of Increase of Height & Weight
Non Progressive Contraction of Esophagus Tertiary
First sign of Strangulation of Inguinal Hernia Tenderness
Post Micturition dribbling is due to Collection of urine in u shaped curve of bulb of Penis
Earliest indication of Concealed acute bleeding Tachycardia

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 18
MEDICAL ONELINERS GAS

Mismatch blood transfusion in anesthetized patient Hypotension & Bleeding from wound site
First physiological response to high environmental Cutaneous vasodilatation
temperature
Neuronal degeneration is seen in Crush injury,Fetal development,Senescence
First change in cut nerve is Axonal degeneration
Second change in cut nerve Myelin degeneration
BP measured by Sphygmomanometer Higher than Interatrial pressure
st
Systolic BP best indicated by 1 Korotkoff’s sound
th
Diastolic BP best indicated by 5 Korotkoff’s sound
Best method to assess shock Urine output

GAS
Lacrimator gases Chloracetophenone
Bromyl Benzoyl cyanide
Ethyl Iodoacetate
Gas used to measure diffusion in lung CO
Blebs of Vaginitis emphasematosa contain CO2

HOST
Dracuculus medinensis transmitted by Cyclops
Intermediate host for loa loa Chrysops
Main reservoir for entamoeba histolytica Man
In Japanese encephalitis, pigs act as Amplifiers

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 INFECTIOUS DISEASE 19
MEDICAL ONELINERS

INFECTIOUS DISEASE
Bilateral Phrenic Nerve Palsy Polio
Follman’s balanitis Syphilis
Moon’s Molar Syphilis
Foaming Liver Gas gangrene
Hyperbaric oxygen used in Gas Gangrene
Orchitis without epididymitis Syphilis
Crumbled egg appearance Hydatid cyst Liver
Honey Comb liver Actinomycosis
Acquired extracranial infection causing aqueductal Mumps
stenosis
Lines of Conjunctival inflammation of lower eyelid Measles
margin
Congenital passive immunity NOT observed in Pertussis
Pleomorphic rash Chicken Pox
Infection having most neurological complication Measles
Kenny Packs (Hot Packs) Poliomyelitis
Breast milk is known to transmit Tuberculosis
Beaded Fallopian tube & Clubbing of ampulla Genital TB
Fetal affection NIL in First Trimester Syphilis
Maximum risk of Infection if after 20 weeks Syphilis
Maximum risk of infection if before 20 weeks Varicella Zoster
Maximum risk of Transmission during delivery HIV/Herpes
Least risk of Transmission during delivery Toxoplasmosis
Congenital Infection with Minimal Teratogenecity HIV
Quarantine first applied for Plague
Barometer for social welfare Tuberculosis
Koch’s Phenomenon Tuberculosis
Feature of amoebiasis Flask shaped ulcer
Reservoir of Infection in TB Human being with active TB
Primary cells infected by TB Macrophages
Tree barking appearance of Thoracic aorta Syphilis
Pea Soup Stool Typhoid
Commonest route of transmission of HIV from mother Delivery through vagina
to child

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 INSTRUMENT 20
MEDICAL ONELINERS

INSTRUMENT
Instrument used to monitor cold chain at PHC Dial Thermometer
Method for Estimation of skin Fold thickness Herpenden skin caliper
Instrument for Chlorine Demand Estimation Horrock’s apparatus
Instrument used for residual level of chlorine Chloroscope
Globe thermometer measures Mean Radiant Temperature
Wet Globe Thermometer measures Environmental Heat
Kata Thermometer measures Cooling Power of Air
Goniometer Urethrovesical Angle
Hymen rupture detected by Glaister Keene Rod/Brittan’s Hymenoscope
Synaptic potentials can be recorded by Microelectrode

INVESTIGATION
TRH stimulating test useful in diagnosing Acromegaly,Hyperthyroidism
Diagnostic procedure for Basal Cell Cancer Wedge Biopsy
Better indicator for need of blood transfusion Hematocrit
Best parameter for assessing shock Urine output
Posterior urethra best visualized by Anterograde MCU
Screening of Ca Prostate Digital Rectal Examination
Anal fissures best diagnosed by History & Clinical examination
Single most sensitive parameter to detect IUGR Abdominal circumference
Anthropometry does NOT change in 1-4 years Mid Arm Circumference
Diagnostic tests for Down’s syndrome Increased B- HCG,Decreased AFP,UE3,PAPPA
Immediate management of child with foreign body Bronchoscopy
Diagnosis of CCf in Infants Hepatomegaly
Earliest x ray change in Necrotising enterocolitis Non specific bowel dilatation
Best Indicator to assess lung maturity in IDM Presence of Phosphatidyl Glycerol
Most dependable method of estimating fetal well being Oxytocin Challenge test
in IUGR
Which is abnormal in classical Hemorrhagic disease of Thrombin time
newborn
Easiest method of detecting Zygosity Placental Examination
Earliest Indication of concealed acute bleeding in Tachycardia
pregnancy
Graph showing relation between Cervical dilatation & Cervicograph
Duration of Labour
Best Parameter for Fetal age in I trimester CRL
Best Parameter for Fetal age in II trimester Corrected BPD/HC
Best Parameter for Fetal age in III trimester FL
Best Parameter for Fetal Age CRL
Best Indicator for fetal growth Abdominal Circumference
Best Parameter to detect IUGR Abdominal Circumference
Best Indicator for Socioeconomic development of Under 5 Mortality rate
Country
Standardised index for Fertility Level Total Fertility rate
Single most indicator of child survival growth 7 Birth Weight
development
Rapid & Non Invasive method of fat assessment Skin fold thickness

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 INVESTIGATION 21
MEDICAL ONELINERS

Gold standard for Clinical Practise Evidence based medicine

Earliest enzyme to elevate after MI Myoglobin
Enzyme of choice during reperfusion CK- MB
PNH best diagnosed b y Flow Cytometry
Single most test for Hypothyroidism TSH
Singlemost Prognostic factor for Colorectal Carcinoma Stage of Disease
Single most important independent factor for Lymphnode status
Colorectal Carcinoma
Early Diagnosis of Optic Nerve damage Perimetry
KF ring best detected on Gonioscopy
Central as well as peripheral retina visualized by Goldmnn three mirror Contact Lens - Indirect
Ophthalmoscopy
Gold Standard for Histological Otosclerosis Bilateral Temporal Bone
Best Way to Differentiate between Septic Arthritis & USG guided Aspiration of Hip Joint
Transient Synovitis
Estimation of Rate of Newly synthesized Osteoid Tetracycline labeling
material Mineralisation estimation can be estimated by
Major role of Transrectal USG To guide prostate biopsy
Surest sign of Correct Intubation Capnography
Integrity of Macula/Optic Nerve assessed by Flash VEP
Nichol’s treponemes used in TPI test
RDW indicates Anisocytosis
Reticulocyte count indicates Erythropoietic activity of bone marrow
Fecal Streptococci indicate Recent Contamination of water
Clostridium Perfringens indicate Remote Contamination of water
Advantage of FISH Performed rapidly
Microdeletions ,microduplications in cancer & Comparative genomic Hybridisation & Chromosomal
chromosomal imbalances in patient with mental microarray Analysis
retardation detected by
Lateral diffusion across membrane & in and out of Fluorescence recovery after Photobleaching
nucleus assessed by
Real time PCR depend on Fluorescent probes such as SYBER-
Green.Taqman,Molecular beacons
Measurement of Erythrocyte transketolase Thiamine nutritional status
Deficiency of riboflavin measured by RBC Glutathione reductase
Separation of Labile substances Gel Filtration Chromatography
Protein purity assessed by Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
First test to become abnormal in Iron Deficiency Serum ferritin
anaemia
Best way to detect baby’s breathing and detect apnea Impedance technique
Essenstial step while discharging patient of H.influenza Bilateral evoked auditory response
meningitis
Best parameter for hypoxix hypoxia Arterial PO2
Screening test for fat malabsorption Sudan III
Oral Glycine Glycolate test shows Bile Malabsorption
Best Indication for Testicular biopsy Azoospermia
Better vision in video assisted thoracoscopic surgery Collapse of Ipsilateral Lung
created by
Karyotyping,Chromosomes arrested in Metaphase
Karyotyping technique for terminal ends R banding
Karyotyping technique for Centromeric region C banding

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 ION 22
MEDICAL ONELINERS

Positive test in Contraction stress test/Oxytocin Persistent late deceleration

challenge test
Which is detected in antigen test of P.falciparum Histidine rich protein II
Function of T cells assessed by Migration inhibition test
Tuberculin test denotes Previous/Present sensitivity to Tubercle Proteins
USG of umbilical artery is done to know Heart beat
Glycoprotein detected by Western blot P24,gp41
Probe in Western blot Labelled antibody
Lead Absorption indicated by Aminolevulonic acid in Urine > 5mg/L
Grade IV Esophageal varices in barium swallow Mucosal folds below carina
Identification by pores on fingers Poroscopy/Locard’s method

ION
Maximum Crompton Scattering Hydrogen Ion
Compounds of Fluorinated agents depleting Ozone Chlorine
Bromine
Major Constituent for Co2 absorption Ca (OH)2
Urinary Anion gap indicates excretion of Ammonia
Disinfection action of Chlorine in water due to Hypochlorous (HOCL)
Best Indicator of air Pollution SO2
Best biological indicator of air Pollution Lichens
False Positive Heat Coagulation test Phosphates
Largest fraction of Co2 in blood as Bicarbonate
Resting membrane potential is mainly due to K+
Ameicytosis/Reverse Pinocytosis require Ca++
Ion acting as second messenger Ca++
Resting membrane potential Depends upon K+ Uquilibrium
Excitable tissue at least permeable to Na+
Order of Excitability K+>Cl->Na+

LIGAMENT
Ligament transmitting weight of upper limb to axial Coracoclavicular ligament
skeleton
Strongest Ligament in the body Iliofemoral ligament
Ligament preventing Overabduction of Hip joint Pubofemoral ligament
Ligament supporting anterior endof spleen preventing Phrenicocolic ligament
downward dislocation
Ligament containing Splenic vessels & Tail of Pancreas Lineorenal ligament
Ligament containing short gastric vessels Gastrosplenic ligament
Spinal cord suspended and stabilized in subarachnoid Denticulate ligament
space by
Apex of Iliofemoral ligament Anterior inferior iliac spine,Acetabular rim
Base of Iliofemoral ligament Intertrochanteric line

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 LOBES AND FISSURES OF LIVER 23
MEDICAL ONELINERS

LOBES AND FISSURES OF LIVER

Caudate Lobe Segment 1 drains into Right & Left hepatic duct
Left hepatic duct drains 2,3,4
Right hepatic duct drains 5,6,7,8
Right anterior segmental ducts formed by 5,8
Right posterior segmental ducts 6,7
Left anterior segmental ducts 3,4
Left posterior segmental ducts 2
Fissures in Left Hemiliver Umbilical fissure, Venous fissure
Fissures in right Hemiliver Right portal fissure, Fissure of Gans
Line of division of lobes of liver Gall bladder to IVC

MICROMOLECULE
Hard Contact Lens PMMA
Non Foldable Contact Lens
Soft Contact Lens HEMA
Foldable Contact Lens Silicon
Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Acrylic
Glycosaminoglycan in Vitreous Hyaluronic acid
Pick’s body contain Tau Protein
Lewy Body contain Alpha Synuclein
Hot cold phenomenon in Staphylococcus due to β-Lysin
Antigenically similar to Streptolysin O Tetanolysin
Non antigenic protein Gelatin
Very difficult to induce antibody Polysaccharide
C in CRP Capsular polysaccharide of S pneumonia
Factor promoting virulence of M.tuberculosis Cord factor
E.coli attached to surface with the help of Fucose
Acid fstedness due to Presence of Mycolic acid
Integrity of cell wall
Material covering DNA in Virus Capsid
Major basic protein present in Eosinophil
Which selectively recruits Eosinophil Eotaxin
Chief cells of scar formation Myofibroblast
Predominant Collagen in adult skin Type I
Predominant collagen in granulation tissue Type III & Type I
Major Constituent of Surfactant Dipalmitoyl Lecithin
Precursor of Second Messenger Phosphatidyl Inositol
Tm lowered by Formamide,Urea
Protein targeted for destruction in eukaryotes Ubiquitin
covalently linked to
Human prions (Non Infectious) rich in α-helix
Infectious protein rich in β-sheets
Component of Rhodopsin Retinal
Retinal stored in Liver,Adipose tissue as Retinyl esters
Silk Fibroin protein of silk worm rich in β-sheats
Gaucher’s disease,accumulation of Cerebrosides
80% of total protein in human milk Whey

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 MICROMOLECULE 24
MEDICAL ONELINERS

Ineffective Osmols Urea,Glucose

α-helix found in Keratin
Triple helix found in Collagen
Agreecan is found in Cartilage
Uronic acid level in urine elevated in Mucoploysacchroidoses
Elasticity of Corneal layer of Skin Keratin
Substances freely filtered across glomerular capillaries Creatinine,Glucose
Acute phase reactants Fibrinogen,Haptoglobulin
C – reactive protein are β1 globulin
Non specific Inflammatory protein
Human colostrums contains more Lactose
Precipitation of Cholesterol & Gallstone formation Bile salts
prevented by
Fibroblast in healing wound derived from Local Mesenchyme
Non shivering thermogenesis in adult due to Noradrenaline
Non shivering thermogenesis mediated by UCP-1,β-3 receptors
Hyaline membrane is made up of Fibrinogen & Fibrin
Iron stored in the form of Ferritin
Contractile protein found in Platelets Thrombasthenin,actin,myosin
Anticoagulant prevent clotting in normal vascular Antithrombin III
system
Which inhibits apoptosis in Memory B cells Nerve growth factor
Carbohydrate moiety in cell membrane Glycolipid
Glycophorins present in RBC
Force generating proteins/Molecular motor those Dynein,Kinein
producing motion along microtubules
Spindle in dividing cells are formed by Tubulin
Cell shape and motility are produced by Microtubules
Insulin in certain tissue mediated through cGMP
Molecule used for cell signaling NO
Substance having NO Tm value Urea,Chloride,Water
Substances involved in countercurrent mechanism for Nacl,Urea,Water
maintaining medullary gradient
After rich carbohydrate meal,Insulin secretion GLP-1 amide
stimulated by
Major regulator of Interdigestive Myentric complexes Motilin
Final Sugars in Intestinal Chyme Glucose, Fructose
Only sugar normally absorbed in intestine against Glucose
concentration gradient
Fats are finally emulsified in small intestine by Bile salts

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 MUSCLE 25
MEDICAL ONELINERS

MUSCLE
Muscle Passing through Shoulder Joint Long Head of Biceps brachii
Physiological Locking Quadriceps Femoris
Physiological Unlocking Popliteus
97% of Carnitine found in Skeletal Muscle
Preservation of Iliinguinal nerve is important while External Obliqueaponeurosis
incising
Hernia is prevented by External Oblique
Striations are absent in Smooth muscle
Syncitium are absent in Skeletal muscle
Multipennate muscle Deltoid
Circumpennate muscle Tibialis anterior
Unipennate Extensor digitorum longus
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Soleus
Bipennate Rectus femoris
Doesal interossei
Gastrocnemius
Diplopia due o blow out fracture is due to entrapment Inferior rectus
of
Safety muscle of tongue Genioglossus
Mandible pulled forward by Lateral Pterygoid muscle
Mandible pulled backwards by Posterior fibres of Temporalis
Mandible is depressed by Digastric,Mylohyoid & Genihyoid
Manbible is elevated by Temporalis,Masseter & Medial Pterygoid
Mandible is protruded by Four Pterygoid
Lateral ide to side activity of mandible (Grinding) Medial & Lateral Pterygoid
Main flexor of PIP Flexor digitorum superficialis
Main flexor of DIP Flexor digitorum profundus
Extension of Knee Joint Quadriceps femoris
Medial rotation of knee joint in flexed leg Popliteus,Semitendinosis,Semimembranosus
Lateral Rotation of Flexed Knee Biceps femoris
External anal sphincter made of Type I Skeletal muscle fibre
Internal anal sphincter made of Smooth muscle
Origin of recti muscles Common Tendinous ring
All recti are inserted to Sclera just posterior to cornea
Muscle spiral around bone Supinator
Spiral/Twisted fibres Pectoralis major,Latissimus dorsi
Parallel muscle with transverse tendinous insertion at Rectus abdominis
interval
External Oblique muscle replaced by Umbilicus Below Line joining ASIS & Umbilicus
Muscle force/Tension is regulated by Golgi tendon organ
Muscle length regulated by Muscle spindle
Band disappearing on muscle contraction H
Protein preventing contracting by covering binding sites Tropomyosin
on actin & myosin
Muscle contraction triggered by Ca binding troponin C
Calmodulin activates Muscle Phosphorylase
Twitch of single motor unit Fasciculation
Heat production in Malignant Hyperthermia Increased muscle metabolism of excess of Ca++ ions

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 NEOPLASM 26
MEDICAL ONELINERS

Increase in systolic calcium from intracellular store IP3 DAG Ca2+ channel
during smooth muscle contraction due to
Sustained Contraction due to Latchbridge mechanism
Major inspiratory muscle Diaphragm
Cause of increased blood flow to exercising muscles Vasodilatation due to local metabolites

NEOPLASM
Gross Painless hematuria in Chronic Smoker Ca Bladder
Lung tumour responding best to Radiotherapy Small Cell Carcinoma
Cavity formation Squamous cell carcinoma
Oral cancer Least Lymphnode metastasis Ca Hard Palate
RET Protooncogene Medullary carcinoma
Cancer in which overall survival increased by screening Ca Colon
procedures
Variant of Soft tissue sarcoma commonly showing Angiosarcoma
Lymph node metastasis
Concurrent Chemotherapy is beneficial for Head & Neck cancer
Carcinoma resected earlies by mucosal resection Ca Esophagus
Immunoguided surgery done for Ca Colon
Oral Carcinoma with best prognosis Ca Lip
Prophylactic resection of Lymphnodes Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma
Parotid tumour spreading through neural sheath Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Primary Neurogenic tumour Neuroblastoma
Dumbbell Tumour Neurofibroma
Opsomyoclonus (Eye movement disorder) Neuroblastoma
Highly Vascular brain tumour Glioblastoma > Meningioma
Intradural enhancing mass lesion on MRI Meningioma
Margins of squamous cell carcinoma Everted
Calcifying epithelioma Pilomatrixoma
Keratoacanthoma Self Healing nodular lesion with central ulceration
Universal tumour Lipoma
Supracapsular Orchidectomy done for Cancer Prostate
Type of Malignancy in Anorectal Fistula Squamous Cell & Adenocarcinoma
Mutation of β- cantenin Hepatoblastoma, Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Cholangiocarcinoma histologically resembles Schirrhous type
Spontaneous rupture of Liver Hepatoma
Commonest Incidentaloma in Liver Hemangioma
Filling defect & Rat Tail deformity Ca Esophagus
Orphan Annie Eyed Nucleus Papillary Carcinoma
Carcinoma arising from thyroglossal cyst Papillary
Thyroid carcinoma having best prognosis Papillary
Occult thyroid carcinoma with nodal metastasis Papillary
Sudden increase in size of Long standing goiter Anaplastic carcinoma
Lymphnode metastasis least siin in Follicular carcinoma
Ca breast showing Single file pattern Infiltrating Lobar
Medullary carcinoma of thyroid arise from Parafollicular cells
Papillary carcinoma usually present as Single nodule with lymph node
Post op RT in breast is done due to Prevent recurrence

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

Complication of post mastectomy lymph accumulation Lymphosarcoma

is
Tumour which may occur in residual breast of overlying Angiosarcoma
skin following wide excision and radiotherapy for
mammary carcinoma
Best prognostic factor for ca breast Lymphnode status
Large breast is NOT seen in Schirrous carcinoma
Breast carcinoma which is multicentric & Bilateral Lobular
Type of DCIS resulting in palpable abnormality Comedo DCIS
Biopsy of opposite breast required in Lobular carcinoma
Best prognosis among histological variant of ca breast Mucinous (Colloid)
Peu de orange appearance of skin Lymphatic permeation
Childhood malignancy having highest cure rate Wilm’s tumour
Unfavourable form of Wilms tumour metastasing to Clear cell Sarcoma
bone
Commonest bladder tumour in children Rhabdomyosarcoma
Infantile Polycythemia Cerebellar hemangioma
Reinke Crystals Hilus Cell Tumour
Tumour metastating to Oppsite Ovary Granulosa cell tumour
Eosinophilic cells intersecting at right angles Smooth muscle tumour
Spokes of wheel/Storiform pattern Fibrohistiocytic tumour
Palisading arrangement of Nucleus Schwann Cell tumour
Male Breast cancer associated with BRCA2
Cancer developing from long standing MNG Follicular,anaplastic
Bad Prognostic factor in Urinary bladder Neoplasm Involvement of Detrusor Muscle
Gross appearance of colon carcinoma Napkin ring appearance
Characteristic finding in Hemangiopericytoma Fish hook pattern
MC type of ALL & best Prognosis L1
Rarest type of ALL & Worst Prognosis L3
Testicular involvement in ALL T type
Excellent Prognosis Nodular Sclerosis
Hodgkin Lymphoma showing biphasic incidence Mixed cellularity
Lowest number of RS cells Lymphocyte rich
Only Leukemia NOT associated with Ionising radiation CLL
Tumour with Best Prognosis in Children Astrocytoma
Hodgkin’s lymphoma with Best Prognosis Lymphocyte Predominance
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma with Worst Prognosis Lymphocyte Depletion
Auer Rods more common in M3>M2
Auer Rods absent in M0
Auer Rods usually not seen in M5a,M7
Only Salivary gland Tumour more common in Men Adenolymphoma
Premalignant Lesion for Malignant Melanoma Lentigo Maligna (Hutchinson’s Freckle)
Post Op RT minimally used in Ca Stomach
High Tracheostomy Carcinoma Larynx
Common sign of Choroidal Melanoma but No Secondary Non Rhegmatogenous Exudative Retinal
Prognostic Significance Detachment
Cause of Early Glaucoma in Malignant Melanoma Compression of Vortex Vein
Weak Giants Pituitary adenoma
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma arise from Mucin secreting Epidermal cells
Blood stained sputum is the only symptom in Adenoma bronchus
Pain of Ovarian cancer referred to Medial Side of Thigh

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

MC site of Ca Pancreas Head

Singlemost prognostic feature of Renal cell carcinoma Pathological staging
Brachytherapy in Ca cervix Ib
Worst Prognosis in Childhood Leukemia Precursor B ALL
Mediastinal Widening T cell ALL
Nephrogenic rests (Nephroblastomosis) indicate Risk of developing Wilm’s tumour in contralateral
kidney
Bladder tumour mostly arise from Mucosa

NEUROTRANSMITTER
Major neurotransmitter in Substantia nigra Dopamine
Neurotransmitter of fast cutaneous pain(mild) Glutamate
Neurotransmitter of slow cutaneous pain(severe) Substance P
Substance P increased in response pain in periphery by Nerve terminals
Sweating is mediated through Sympathetic cholinergic
Hot water bottle relieves pain of abdominal spasm by Stimulation of adrenergic fibres
Massage relieves pain by Inhibition of large myelinated neurofibres
α-adrenergic action Vasoconstriction,Mydriasis
β-adrenergic action Vasodilatation,Bronchodilatation
Stimulation of Postganglionic sympathetic neuron lead Fast EPSP,Slow EPSP,Slow IPSP
to
Fast EPSP generated by Ach via nicotinic
Slow EPSP generated by Ach via muscarinic
Slow IPSP generated by Dopamine
Tyramine,Amphetamine act by Releasing Norepinephrine
Before puberty GnR under inhibitory action of GABA
Onset of puberty ,GnRH excited by Glutamate

NUMERICALS
40 db Compared to 20 db 10 times
No of spectrum for blood in Spectroscopy 3
Basic Illumination for satisfactory Vision 15 – 20 foot Candles
Air Space depth in Septic tank 30 cm
Total Exposure of Radiation from Natural Sources 0.1 rad per person per year
Most dangerous particle size for Pneumoconiosis 0.5 to 3 micron
No of RNA primers for Leading strand 1
No of RNA primers for lagging strand Many
No of constant region in IgG,IgA,IgD 3
No of constant region in IgM,IgE 4
With Iron therapy hemoglobin rises 1 gm/week
Iron that patient can tolerate 2500 mg
LBW <2500 gm
VLBW <1500 gm
ELBW <1000 gm
Brain damage if serum bilirubin protein ratio > 3.5

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

Indication for exchange transfusion in Rh Cord hemoglobin < 10 gm%, Cord bilirubin >5mg
isoimmunisation
ET tube diameter in children 2.5 / 3
Hypoglycemia in infant if blood glucose < 40 mg/dl
Normal CRL at birth 38 – 50 cm
Upper segment : Lower segment at 2 years 1.5 : 1
th
Microsomia Birth weight below 10 percentile
Maximun urinary concentrating ability in full term 600 – 700 mOsm/L
infants
Pyloric canal in Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis >16 mm
Pediatric iron tablet 20 mg iron 100 mcg folic acid
Rate of Weight gain in severely malnourished child 10 - 20 gm/kg/day
should be
Pressure of Senstaken tube to control varices 35mm Hg
Blood clot of size of Clenched fist 500 ml
Weight loss per day in patient on TPN 150 mg
Duration of cardiac cycle 0.8s
Amount of coronary blood flow per minute 250 ml
Coupling ratio for Sodium potassium pump 3:2
Tm for glucose 375 mg/min
Intracellular concentration of bicarbonate 10 mmol/L
Extracellular concentration of bicarbonate 27 mmol/L
Minimum volume of urine to remove all waste products 500 ml
Normal excretion of protein in urine per day <100 mg
Urge for micturition felt when bladder filled with 100 – 200 ml of urine
First urge to void 150 ml
Marked sense of fullness 400 ml
Initiates reflex contraction 300 – 400 ml
Daily loss of wter from sweat 100 ml
Daily loss of wter from skin in absence of sweat 350 ml
Normal Anion gap 10 – 12 mmol/L
Amount of water absorbed in intestine in a day 8 Litres
Recommended dietary allowance 2 SD above estimated average requirement
Amount of blood loss in pelvic fracture 4 - 8 units of blood
Rate of regeneration of nerve 1mm/day
No of fontanelles in newborn 6
Clinical jaundice in neonate >5 mg/dl
No of pairs of spinal nerve 31
Critical concentration of reduced hemoglobin to 4
produce cyanosis
In Leucin zipper model,Leucine residue seen after every 7 aminoacids
Time taken for conversion of CIN to Invasive carcinoma 10 years
rd
Peak level of Glucagon during starvation at 3 day of Fast
Maximum function of corpus Luteum 9 days after ovulation
Corpus luteum of menstrual period persists for 14 days
Cytotrophoblast & Syncitiotrophoblast differentiate on 8 days after menstruation
th th
HSG done between Menstruation & Ovulation (6 - 11 day)
Ovarian function after hysterectomy Decreases within 2 - 3 years
Age group for AFP Surveillance Upto 15 years
Ophthalmic examination of child with type I diabetes After 5 years
mellitus

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

Neonatal kidney achieves concentrating ability of adult One year of age

by
True breath holding spell does not occur after 5 years
Life span of Neonatal RBC 80 days
th
Umbilical stump sloughs off 10 day after delivery

ORGANELLE
Mesosomes in bacteria is functional unit for Respiratory Enzymes
Organelle affected earlier in Hypoxia Mitochondria
α-oxidation occurs in Peroxisomes
w-oxidation occurs in Endoplasmic reticulum
Secretory protein synthesized in Endoplasmic reticulum
Intracellular sorting & Packing done for Golgi apparatus
Triple helix structure of collagen never found in Free cytoplasm
Catabolism of H2O2 by Peroxisomes
Golgi apparatus is a Non polarized structure

PART OF BODY
Least Joint with Recurrent dislocation Ankle
Least Common site for Stress Fracture Metacarpal
Valve of Hasner Nasolacrimal duct
Narrowest part of GIT apart from Appendix Pharyngoesophageal Junction
Two sides of Cricovocal Membrane form Conus elsticus
Anterior part of Conus elasticus form Cricothyroid membrane
Narrowest part of Larynx in adults Rima glottidis
Narrowest part of Larynx in Infants Subglottis
Fourth Ossicle Lenticular Process of Incus
Benign Positional Paroxysmal Vertigo Posterior Semicircular canal
Syringing in Ear Posterosuperior wall of meatus
Perforation in Safe CSOM Pars Tensa
Perforation in Unafe CSOM Pars Flaccida
Route of Spread of TB Otitis Media Eustachian tube
st
Surface Landmark for 1 Genu Processus Cochleariformis
nd
Surface Landmark for 2 Genu Horizontal Semicircular Canal
Site of Retrobulbar Block Infratemporal
Narrowest part of Airway in children Subglottis - (Cricoid cartilage)
Narrowest part of Airway in adults Glottis
Peribulbar Injection given in Peripheral Orbital Space
Most Important factor for respiratory power of eye Cornea
Sclera – Thickest at (1mm) Posterior Pole near Optic Nerve
Sclera – Thinnest at (0.3mm) Behind Insertion of Rectus muscle
Reservoir for HIV in AIDS Follicular Dendritic cells
Pacemaker cells of GIT Interstitial cells of Cajal
Favoured site of origin of Myxoma Fossa ovalis in atrial septum
Least sensitive in Secondary Raynaud’s Thumb

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

Cells particularly sensitive to ischemic damage in brain Purkinje cells of cerebellum, Pyramidal neurons of
sommer’s sector in hippocampus
Superimposition technique Skull
Palatoprints Anterior hard palate
Best bone to assess age between 20 - 25 years Skull
Bartholin duct opens into Groove between Labia minora & Hymen
Narrowest part of Fallopian tube Interstitium
Least Vascular part of uterus Middle
External os in Nulliparous Circular
Bartholin’s gland correspond to Cowper’s gland
Source of Progesterone in normal menstrual cycle Corpus luteum
Lower part of vagina Urogenital Sinus
Cystocele is formed by Base of Bladder
Site of Obstruction in Cirrhosis Sinusoids
Renal Tuberculosis originate from Renal Papilla
Site of collection of urine in extraperitoneal rupture of Above Urogenital Diaphragm (Perivesical space)
bladder
Narrowest part of urethra External meatus
Smegma is secreted by Tyson’s glands
th
Ainhum Base of toe (usually 5 )
Sebaceous cyst doesnot occur in Sole
Split Skin graft in Young children from Thigh
Site of Diabetic foot ulcer Head of Metatarsal
Epulis arise from Gingiva
Dentigerous cyst arise from Unerupted tooth
Structure injured in excision of ranula Submandibular duct
GIST originate from Interstitial cells of cajal
Glomus tumour seen in Finger
Least common site of Lung abscess Left Upper Lobe
Loaction of Post dural Puncture Headache Occipitofrontal
Pseudoclaudication is due to compression of Cauda Equina
Spermatogenesis occurs in Seminiferous tubules
Space between fenestrated endothelium & cord of Space of Disse
hepatocytes
Liver tissue drained by single branch of Central vein Lobule
Functional unit of Liver Acinus
Red Pulp of spleen made of Venous sinusoids,Adjacent blood spaces,Splenic cords
of Billroth
Medulla of thymus has Hassal’s Corpuscles,More Reticular cells,Less
Lymphocytes
Anterior border of heart Right Ventricle
Common flexor origin Medial epicondyle of humerus
Common extensor origin Lateral epicondyle of humerus
V/Q maximum at Apex of Lung
Ventilation per Unit volume maximum at Base
Perfusion per unit volume maximum at Base
Part of brain more prone to hypoxic injury Hippocampus
Pacemaker for respiration PreBotzinger Complex
Spontaneous Rhythmic respiration initiated in Pre Botzinger Complex
Depolarisation of Ventricular muscle starts at Left side of IVS
Last Part of heart to be depolarized Posterobasal portion of left ventricle,Pulmonary

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

conus,Uppermost portion of septum

Speed of conduction is fastest in Purkinje system
Least conduction velocity seen in AV node
Order of activation after stimulation of Purkinje system Septum > Endocardium > epicardium
Wedged hepatic pressure represents pressure in Sinusoids
Melatonin is secreted by Pineal gland
Testosterone is secreted by Leydig cells
Relaxin is secreted by Corpus luteum in ovary,Placenta
Facultative water absorption in DCt,Collecting duct
Countercurrent multiplier is formed by Loop of Henle
Countercurrent exchanger is formed by Vasa recta
Thick ascending limb of loop of henle handles 1 Na+ 1 K+ 2Cl
Macula densa located in relation to PCT
Principle site for acidification of urine Collecting duct
Aldosterone acts on Cortical collecting duct,Distal tubule
ADH acts on Medullary Collecting duct
ANP acts on Collecting duct
Renin is secreted by Juxtaglomerular apparatus
JG cells Smooth muscle cells of afferent arteriole
Large reserve of energy in body stored as Adipose tissue
Longest transit time is seen in Colon
Ganglion supplying Sphincer Pupillae Ciliary Ganglion (Parasympathetic)
Ganglion supplying Dilator Pupillae Superior Cervical Ganglion (Sympathetic)
Site of latency of Varicella virus Dorsal root ganglion
Single best site for Skin fold thickness Mid Triceps
Pain of Cervical dilatation referred to Back through Sacral Plexus
Living Ligature of Uterus Middle Layer of Myometrium
Correct Position of holding baby before clamping Below vaginal introitus
umbilical cord
Decidual cast originate from Decidua Basalis
Expelled products in ectopic pregnancy originate from Decidua Vera
Deepest fornix Posterior Fornix
Best site to demonstrate capillary filling in infants Sternum
Landmark to differentiate Inguinal Hernia & Femoral Pubic Tubercle
Hernia
Largest sperm cell in Seminiferous tubule Primary Spermatocyte
Process of transformation of spermatids to mature Spermiogenesis
spermatozoa
CNS myelinated by Olfactory epithelium
PNS myelinated by Schwann cells
Bipolar Neuron First order neuron of retina, Sensory ganglion of cranial
nerve
Specialised feature of alveoli Interalveolar pores of Kohn
Antigen transporing cells of small intestine M cells (Microfold cells)
Basic unit of bone tissue Osteon
Strongest portion of bone Diaphysis
Largest joint of body Knee
Organ of Corti situated on Basilar membrane
Secondary tympanic membrane Round Membrane
Receptors for static balance Macula of utricle & saccule
Receptors for kinetic balance Cristae of ampulla & semicircular ducts

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

Nasolacrimal duct opens into Inferior Meatus

Parasympathetic secretomotor fibres to Paranasl Pterygopalatine ganglion
sinuses
Papilla does not having taste bud Filiform papilla
th
First salivary gland to appear Parotid 6 week
Pituitary related to each side by Cavernous sinus
Pituitary inferiorly related by Sphenoid air cells
Wry Neck present with Shortened Sternocleidomastoid
st
Scalenus anterior inserted to Scalene tubercle on inner border of 1 rib
Position of superior parathyroid Inferior border of Cricoid cartilage level
Arachnoid villi granulations numerous in Superior sagittal sinus
Extent of filum terminale Lower end of L1 to tip of coccyx
Piameter extends upto Tip of coccyx
Accessory Parotid gland lies between Zygomatic arch above,Parotid duct below
Largest surface of parotid related to Parotid capsule,Greater auricular nerve
Pituitary separated from optic chiasma by Diaphragmatic sella
Anterior Pituitary develops from Rathke’s pouch
rd
Posterior pituitary develops from Floor of 3 ventricle in the region of Infundibulum
Vestibular (Scarpa ) ganglion in Internal acoustic meatus
First thoracic ganglia fused with inferior cervical ganglia Stellate ganglion
to form
Intervertebral discs are absent between C1 & C2,Sacrum & coccyx
Nodding of head YES movement Atlantooccipital joint
Turning of head NO movement Atlantoaxial joint
Primary spinal curvatures Thoracic & Sacral (Concave anteriorly & Convex
Posteriorly)
First part of Pleural cavity filled in Pleural effusion Costodiaphragmatic
Arch of aorta lies over Left bronchus
Parasympathetic nerve supply to trachea Vagus
Lumbricals & Interossei inserted into Extensor digital expansion
th
Insertion of Peroneous bBrevis Tubercle on lateral side of base of 5 metatarsal
Posterior wall of rectus sheath deficient Above costal margin & Below arcurate line
Direct Inguinal Hernia Medial to Inferior epigastric vessels in Hesselbach’s
triangle
Indirect Inguinal Hernia Through deep inguinal ring lateral to inferior epigastric
vessels
Line passing through gall bladder fossa and middle Scissura/Cantlier’s line,Portal fissure
hepatic vein / IVC
Mucosa of cystic duct has 5 - 12 crescenteric folds (Spiral Valve of Heister) – Not
true valves
Kerckring valves aka Volvulae conniventes, Plica circularis, Intestine tenuis
Bulbourethral glands & Urethral glands of Littre opens Lacuna of Morgagni
into
Anastomosis of Sigmoid artery and Superior rectal Critical point of SUDEK
artery
Watershed area between Superior mesenteric artery & Griffith point of Splenic Flexure
Inferior mesenteric artery
Watershed area between Inferior Mesentric artery & Sudeck point at Rectosigmoid junction
Internal liac artery
Relay station for parasympathetic secretomotor fibres Otic Gland
to Parotid gland

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

Location of Celiac Plexus Infront of beginning of Abdominal aorta and crura of

diaphragm
Location of Abdominal aortic Plexus / Intermesentric Anteriolateral aorta between origin of Superior &
Plexus Inferior mesenteric arteries
Location of Guyon’s canal Anteromedial aspect of wrist
Content of Guyon’s canal Ulnar nerve & artery
Touch receptors are more in Skin of finger & Lips
Toch receptors are less in Skin of trunk
Lowermost level of Integration of Stretch Reflex Spinal cord
Lowest threshold in Motor nerve fibre at Axon Hillock
Antidromic conduction in Axon
Orthodromic conduction Synapse
Nitric oxide is produced in Endothelium
High Protein to lipid ratio Inner mitochondrial membrane
Lipid > protein in Myelin
Weakest Part of shoulder Joint Inferior

FEMALE PELVIS
Sacrosciatic notch in anthropoid Pelvis Wide & shallow
Pelvis having shortest sacrocotyloid diameter Platypelloid
Pelvis in Dystocia Dystrophica syndrome Android
Breech having least incidence of Cord Prolapse Frank
Presentation in Transverse Lie Shoulder

REFLEX
Inflation of Lung induces further inspiration Head’s Paradoxical Reflex
Excessive inflation of lung inhibits inspiration Herring Breuer Inflation Reflex
Gastrocolic reflex related to Mass peristalsis
Salivation of Dog on seeing food Innate Reflex
Salivation of dog on Ringing bell Conditioned reflex
First reflex to appear as spinal cord wears off in humans Withdrawal reflex

RELATIONS
Posterior relation of Pelvic ureter Internal Iliac artery & Vein
Lateral relation of Pelvic ureter Obturator artery,Nerve & Vein
Jg apparatus lies in relation to Glomerulus
Hilum of Kidney Anterior to Posterior Renal Vein,Renal Artery,Renal Pelvis`
Intercostal groove Above downwards Intercostal Vein,Artery,Nerve
Pudendal nerve enters pelvis through Greater Sciatic foramen
Pudendal nerve enters perineum through Lesser Sciatic foramen
Structures passing through optic canal Optic nerve, ophthalmic artery

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

SAMPLE
Clinical sample confirming antemortem diagnosis of Corneal impression smear for immunofluorescence
rabies stain
Best Sample for Botulinium food Poisoning Stool

SECRETIONS
Endolymph is secreted by Secretory cells of stria vascularis of cornea
Endolymph is absorbed by Endolymphatic sac in subdural space
Secretions of large intestine Alkaline
D cells of pancreas secrete Somatostatin
Amylin secretd by β-cells
Adrenal medulla secretes Noradrenaline (80%),Adrenaline,Dopamine
Sertoli cells secrete Inhibin,Mullerian inhibiting factor,Androgen binding
protein
Bilirubin is secreted by Bile salts
HCG is secreted by Syncitiotrophoblast
Ovary secretes Estrogen, progesterone, inhibin, testosterone,
androstenedione

STOMACH
H.pylori gastritis involves Antrum
Autoimmune gastritis involves Fundus & body
Gastric carcinoma occurring secondary to pernicious Fundus
anemia is in
G cells present mostly in Pyloric antrum
Erosive gastritis commonly occur at Fundus,Body
Electrical pacemaker of stomach is at Fundus
Chief cells are numerous in Fundus
Parietal cells (Oxyntic cell) numerous in Neck, Isthumus
Stem cells of stomach Isthumus of gastric gland, Base of gastric pit

STRATUM
Under Developed Layer in VLBW babies Stratum Corneum
Dermatophytes live in
Acantholytic Cells derived from Stratum basale

SURGICAL PROCEDURES
Procedure for Vaginal atresia McIndoe’s Vaginoplasty
Maximum chances of Ureteric Injury Wertheim’s Hysterectomy
Lockwood operation for femoral hernia Low operation

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

Best material for Below Inguinal arterial graft Saphenous vein graft
Ideal graft for exposed Leg injury Pedicle graft
Skin graft for facial wound Post auricular & Supraclavicular region
Subdermal plexus form vascular basis for Randomised Flaps
Least Inflammatory tissue response Polypropylene
Operation for Varicose veins best accomplished by Stripping
Which responds best to Sympathectomy Hyperhidrosis
Management of Iliac artery Embolisation Embolectomy
Ganglion spared in Lumbar Sympathectomy L1
Best Graft Material for Aorta Dacron
Nerve of Kuntz is an Important Landmark in Cervicodorsal Sympathectomy
In Bilateral Adrenalectomy,Intraoperative Injection of Excision of both adrenal glands
Hydrocortisone after
Blow Out Carotid Radical Neck dissection
Greatest incidence of Bronchopleural fistula following Lobectomy
First step while doing Pneumonectomy Ligating Pulmonary artery
Needle used for Pleural Biopsy Abram’s
Catheter material suitable for long term usage Silicone
Air embolism in neurosurgery maximum in Sitting Position
Post Laparascopy shoulder pain due to CO2 retention
Axilllary abscess safely drained by Floor approach
Seldinger Needle Arteriography
Cricoid hook Tracheostomy
No Man Land in Palm Zone II
Lembert’s suture Seromucosal suture
Best Irrigating Fluid for ECCE Balanced Salt Solution Plus Glutathione
Neonatal Thymectomy leads to Decreased size of paracortical areas
Symphysiotomy indicated in Contraction of Outlet
Ideal incision to remove breast in adolescent boy Incision along alveolar margin
Anastomosis of small bowel Suture in 2 layers by absorbable suture
Early Postoperative complication of Ileostomy Necrosis
Best Suture for common bile duct Non Synthetic absorbable
Ureter diagnosed during surgery by Peristaltic movement
Ideal approach for renal malignancy Transperitoneal
Best Skin graft for open wound Autograft
In orchidectomy for testicular cancer,Ligation of cord is Internal ring
at
Blood loss during surgery best assessed by Suction bottles
Potassium in immediate post operative period Excreted excessively

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

SYMPTOM
Symptom of Essential Thrombocytosis Early Bruising
Blister gases Mustard gas,Lewisite
Opioid withdrawal associated with Yawning
Cocaine withdrawal associated with Vivid unpleasant dreams
Cannabis withdrawal associated with Conjunctival redness
Earliest Symptom in Primary biliary Cirrhosis Pruritis
Malrotation present as Bleeding per Rectum/Bilious vomiting
First to appear in case of acute intestinal obstruction Colicky pain
Earliest symptom in acute appendicitis Pain
Earliest symptom of BPH Frequency
Patient with critical limb ischemia presents with Rest Pain & Ischemic Ulcer
Earliest symptom of carcinoma cervix Irregular vaginal bleeding

TREATMENT
Main Objective of Treatment of RD Seal & Support Retinal Break
Principal treatment for Hypercalcemia To restore Hydration
Treatment of Physiological edema Bed Rest
Treatment of Prolapse in Early Pregnancy Ring Pessary
Treatment of Leukoplakia Vulva Simple Vulvectomy,Estrogen Cream
In treatment of papillary cancer radioiodine destroys β-rays
neoplastic cells predominantly by
Firstline treatment for Keloid Intralesional steroid
Greatest priority in treatment of hand injuries Restoration of skin cover
Treatment of hypotension in case of gas gangrene Ringer lactate
Best treatment for capillary nevus Argon Laser
Treatment of frost bite Slow Rewarming
Treatment of Pyoderma gangrenosum Surgery & Antibiotics
NOT a treatment modality for malignant melanoma Radiation
Cold water treatment for burns Increase Infection
Treatment of Acute Lymphangitis Antibiotics & Rest
First treatment for rupture of varicose veins at ankle Direct Pressure & Elevation
Best treatment for Blow out Fracture Orbit Explore the orbit
Treatment of Primary CNS Lymphoma Chemotherapy followed by Radiation
Only treatment for GIST Surgery
Bisgard’s treatment Venous Ulcer
Exercise used for adjuvant treatment of depression Endorphin
because it increases
Detection & Treatment of Psychiatric disorders in Consultation Liaison Psychiatry
Medically Ill
Valpeau bandage most Effective in Acromioclavicular Dislocation
Laser used in Corneal Reshaping procedure Argon Fluoride Excimer Laser (193 nm)-Photoablation
Laser used in Post Lens Capsulotomy Infrared Nd:YAG (1064 nm)-Photodisruption
Bacillus thuringiensis for Malaria Enhanced Malaria Control Project
Foremost step for disease control in Post Disaster Chlorination
Uterine artery Embolisation done using Poly Vinyl Alcohol
Best Predictor for VBAC Previous vaginal birth
Management of Bleeding Varices in pregnancy Observation
Principal mode of heat exchange in Incubator Convection

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

Chiefly responsible method of phototherapy Structural Isomerisation

Continuous pharyngeal suction in asphyxia may lead to Bradycardia
IV fluid of choice in severe dehydration Ringer Lactate
0.9 % Nacl if RL not available
Singlemost preventive measure of cross infection Proper hand washing
Disadvantage of elemental diet in children Hypertonic dehydration
Dumping
Contraindication of Low Molecular weight dextran Thrombocytopenia
Temporary Improvement in Ischemic foot IV Dextran 40

ALL EXCEPT
 Most smooth & cardiac muscles derived from Splanchnic (Lateral Plate) Mesoderm EXCEPT Smooth
muscle of Pupil,Mammary Gland,Sweat gland derived from ECTODERM
 All muscles of tongue are supplied by Hypoglossal nerve EXCEPT Palatoglossus supplied by Vagus Nerve
via Pharyngeal branch to Pharyngeal Plexus
 All muscles of Soft palate supplied by Vagus Nerve via Pharyngeal branch to Pharyngeal Plexus EXCEPT
Tensor Veli Palatini supplied by Nerve to Medial Pterygoid from Mandibular Nerve
 All Intrinsic muscles of Larynx supplied by Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve EXCEPT Cricothyroid supplied by
EXTERNAL LARYNGEAL NERVE
 All muscles of Pharynx supplied by Vagus Nerve EXCEPT Stylopharyngeus supplied by
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE
 All SSRI inhibit cytochrome p450 and affect blood plasma levels of other medications EXCEPT SERTALINE
 All TCA needs dose titration EXCEPT TRIMIPRAMINE
 All gas cylinders have same pressure at 15’C EXCEPT N2O & CO2
 All Barbiturates are metabolized by Liver EXCEPT PHENOBARBITONE
 All Anaesthetic drugs suppress Cerebral Metabolic Rate EXCEPT KETAMINE & N 2O
 All epithelia of eye develops from Ectoderm EXCEPT Epithelium of iris R Ciliary body from
NEUROECTODERM
 Fluorescein Angiography used to identify lesions in all parts of eye EXCEPT LENS & CORNEA (Avascular)
 All Antimetabolites show both Anticancer & Immunosuppression property EXCEPT AZATHIOPRINE which is
only IMMUNOSUPPRESSOR
 All H2 Blockers inhibit Gastric first pass metabolism of alcohol EXCEPT FAMOTIDINE
 All Pharmacological action of Morphine show tolerance EXCEPT MIOSIS & CONSTIPATION
 All anticancer antibiotic are cell cycle Nonspecific EXCEPT Bleomycin
 All betalactams are eliminated by Kidney EXCEPT CEFOPERAZONE,CEFTRIAXONE
 All 3 Generation Cephalosporins are effective against meningitis EXCEPT Cefoperazone
rd

 All Polypeptide antibiotics inhibit cell membrane synthesis EXCEPT BACITRACIN

 All aminoglycosides are parenteral EXCEPT NEOMYCIN
 All Protein Syntheis Inhibitor are Bacteriostatic EXCEPT AMINOGLYCOSIDES & SPECTINOMYCIN
 All first line Anti TB drugs are Bactericidal EXCEPT ETHAMBUTOL which is Bacteriostatic
 All Thiazides are Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors EXCEPT INDAPAMIDE
 All Loop diuretics are Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors EXCEPT ETHACRYNIC ACID
 Calcification begins in Mitochondria in all organs EXCEPT KIDNEY –Basement Membrane
 All Defective DNA repair syndromes are Autosomal recessive EXCEPT HNPCC Autosomal dominant

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

 All Gram Negative Bacteria Recognise TLR-4 EXCEPT Leptospira which Recognise TLR-2
 Entire Respiartory tract is lined by Pseudostratified ciliated columnar Epithelium EXCEPT VOCAL CORDS
which is lined by Stratified Squamous Epithelium
 Ascending Infection is most common route of Pyelonephritis caused by most bacteria EXCEPT
MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS –Hematogenous
 All Thyroid cancer From Follicular Cells EXCEPT MEDULLARY CARCINOMA THYROID from PARAFOLLICULAR
CELLS (C CELLS)
 All Nematodes are Monoxenous (One Host) EXCEPT Trichinella spiralis,Filaria,Guinea worm
 All Salmonella produce Gas EXCEPT Salmonella typhi
 Gastric Lavage is Contraindicated in all Corrosive poisons EXCEPT Carbolic acid

CATCHY POINTS
 Sub centre under control of CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
 Cholangiocarcinoma is NOT predisposed by Cholelithiasis,Choledocholithiasis & Chronic Pancreatitis
 Inferior Turbinate is a SEPARATE BONE
 DESCENT OF LARYNX occurs through out life.
 Weight Loss in Pregnancy is NOT related to smoking
 Early Cord Clamping should NOT be done
 TORCH Infection & Syphilis do NOT lead to Recurrent abortion
 MECONIUM STAINED LIQUOR indicates Fetal Distress and is a complication of Prolonged Labour
 Deep Transverse Arrest does NOT occur in Transverse Lie
 Shoulder dystocia is NOT a complication of Shoulder Presentation
 Vaginal Delivery is NOT possible in Persistent Mentoposterior Presentation
 Hyaline Membrane Disease is NOT associated with IUGR
 Glands are ABSENT in Vagina
 Hair Growth in girls is NOT estrogen dependent
 Ethamsylate is NOT approved for treatment for menorrhagia
 Inguinal Lymph node involvement in Ca Endometrium is STAGE IVB
 Neonatal Hepatitis is CONJUGATED HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA
 Hemorrhagic Disease of Newborn occurs more commonly in BREAST FED infants
 Vomiting in Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis characteristically after 2 WEEKS
 APGAR score is NOT affected by mode of delivery
 Skin Pinch test is NOT useful in Malnourished child
 Sensory Changes NOT seen in Wilson’s Disease
 Heimlich Maneuver is NOT performed under 1 year
 FNAC is NOT useful in Follicular carcinoma
 Barret’s Esophagus does NOT develop into Squamous Cell Carcinoma
 Gastric Ulcer do NOT predispose to Enterobiliary fistula
 NO SIGNIFICANT CORRELATION between Acute Pancreatitis & Serum Amylase
 Fluid Levels are NOT seen in Meconium Ileus
 Enlarged Prostate is NOT an indication for surgery in BPH
 Testicular Cancer is NOT associated with Inguinal Lymphadenopathy
 Sympathectomy does NOT relieve Intermittent Claudication
 Bone Fragments NOT removed in Missile Injuries

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

 Surgery NOT done immediately for CSF Leak

 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is NOT produced by Addison’s disease
 Thyroglossal FISTULA is NEVER congenital
 Alpha Fetoprotein is NOT elevated in Seminoma
 Schwannoma is NOT a Neuroglial tumour
 Transversus thoracis is NOT pierced in Mid-axillary Pleural Tapping
 Neurofibroma is NOT encapsulated
 Volvolus do NOT cause Bleeding
st
 Tragus develops from 1 Branchial Arch
nd
 All other parts of pinna from 2 Branchial Arch
 Inferior Meatus is NOT seen on Posterior Rhinoscopy
 Thiophorase is ABSENT in Liver
 Muscle relaxant with longest duration of action – Pipercuronium
 Muscle relaxant with longest onset of action – Alcuronium
 Lepromatous Leprosy does NOT involve Lungs,Ovaries and CNS
 Prostaglandin Analogue,Pilocarpine CONTRAINDICATED in Inflammatory Glaucoma
 Epinephrine CONTRAINDICATED in Aphakic (Cystoid Macular Edema)
 Mydriatic CONTRAINDICATED in Angle Closure Glaucoma
 Miotic CONTRAINDICATED in Malignant/Ciliary Block Glaucoma
 Krabbe’s disease show NO Ophthalmic features
 Diabetic Retinopathy MORE COMMON in Type I Diabetes Mellitus (Insulin Dependent)
 Steroids are CONTRAINDICATED in fungal Corneal Ulcer,EPITHELIAL Herpes Keratitis
 Coloured Halos & Pain ABSENT in Steroid Induced Glaucoma
 Base is SPARED in Silicosis
 FNAC is CONTRAINDICATED in Phaeochromocytoma
 Anaemia of Chronic disease may be both Normocytic/Microcytic
 Gout is due to defect in Renal Handling of Uric acid NOT due to overproduction.So Serum Uric acid level
may be normal
 Gout does NOT involve Muscle
 Insulinoma PARADOXICALLY cause Weight gain
 Edema do NOT occur in SIADH (excess Vasopressin)
 Vaccine is NOT available for Group B Meningococcus
 Mass Chemoprophylaxis for Cholera is NOT ADVISED in India
 Epidemic Typhus NOT transmitted by Louse Bite
 Endemic typhus NOT transmitted through bite
 ELISA is NOT done for diagnosis of HIV in Newborn because all have antibodies
 Eye changes ABSENT in Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
 Oximes CANNOT be used for Carbamate poisoning because anionic site is occupied
 Tocainamide is TYPE IB anti-arrhythmic.Other ‘aicaina’ drugs are IC
 Penostatin is NOT statin.It is Animetabolite.Inhibits Adenosine deaminase
 Abacavir & Tenofovir are NOT Protease Inhibitor.Nucleoside & Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase
Inhibitor
 Ophthalmic signs are ABSENT in Reidel’s Thyroiditis
 Coagulative Necrosis NOT seen in brain
 Glioma & Basal cell Carcinoma DO NOT Metastasize
 Serosa is PRESENT ONLY in Intraabdominal Part of Esophagus

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

 Lung involvement in Gestational Trophoblastic disease is STAGE III

 Infrared is SUPERFICIAL HEAT THERAPY
 Synovial cell sarcoma DO NOT arise from synovium
 OsteoClastic activity at Tension site
 Osteoblastic activity at compression site
 Sequale of TB arthritis in Spine – BONY ANKYLOSIS
 Lateral Condyle fracture-Excision should NEVER done in growth plate Injury
 PHOTOelectric effect – Radiodiagnosis
 Crompton effect – Radiotherapy
 Gonococci infect Epididymis and TESTIS is SPARED
 Trochlear Nerve is OUTSIDE the cone
 BIS 100 means AWAKE
 Desflurane + Baralime = Carbon Monoxide
 Sevoflurane + Sodalime = Compound A
 Trilene + Sodalime = Phosgene gas
 In aBducted eye oBlique are chief rotators
 Le Fort Type I fracture do NOT cause CSF Rhinorrhoea
 Type II Squamous Papilloma – NO RECURRENCE
 SNHL – High Frequency Hearing Loss
 Septal Surgery done only after 17 years of age
 Headache is a Minor criteria for Sinusitis
 Pediatric tracheostomy tube DO NOT have cuff
 Myringotomy incision for ASOM – Circumferential Posteroinferior Quadrant
 Myringotomy incision for Serous Otitis media – Radial Antero Inferior Quadrant
 Faded/Latent tattoo mark is visible by ULTRAVIOLET
 Superfecundation (Fetus Papyraceous)– SAME TIME
 Ammonia transported in most tissues as Glutamine
 Ammonia transported in MUSCLE as ALANINE
 Brain DOES NOT use Fatty acid
 Muscle DOES NOT use Ketone bodies
 Lymphocyte Predominance – NON HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA
 Rolling of Neutrophils by SELECTINS
 Neutrophil adhesion by β-INTEGRINS
 Primary Biliary cirrhosis – Inflammation of Intrahepatic bile duct
 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis – Inflammation of Extrahepatic bile duct
 Mycobacterium tuberculosis – 20% Sulphuric acid
 Mycobacterium leprae – 5% Sulphuric acid
 Helminth Infection resembling malignancy –Echinococcus multilocularis
 Griffith Classification isbased on ‘M ‘ protein
 H.pylori DO NOT invade Gastric mucosa
 OX – K pattern SCRUB TYPHUS
 Cow’s milk – Less carbohydrate,More Protein
 Rash is NOT associated with Q fever
 Keratitis NOT seen in EARLY Congenital Syphilis
 Neil Mooser reaction is NEGATIVE with R.prowazeki
 Aseptate Hyphae – Phycomycetes

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

 Dengue virus CANNOT spread by blood transfusion

 IMNCI NOT for Tuberculosis
 Enteritis is NOT a complication of Chicken Pox
 Pancreatitis is NOT a complication of Measles
 Reovirus DO NOT cause Diarrhoea
 Myopathies usually cause PROXIMAL muscle weakness
 LAMOTRIGINE is Contraindicated in Status Epilepticus
 Acidophilic Cells – Growth hormone,Prolactin
 Resting Tremors – Basal Ganglia
 Intention Tremors – Cerebellum
 Enterochromaffin cells secrete SERATONIN
 Enterochromaffin Like Cells secrete HISTAMINE
 Hypoxia in PULMONARY CIRCULATION cause VASOCONSTRICTION
 Allopathy is NOT included in AYUSH
 Herd Immunity DO NOT protect Tetanus
 Weight for Age – Acute & Chronic Malnutrition
 Weight for Height – Acute Malnutrition
 Height for Age – Chronic Malnutrition
 Opt Out Testing – Recommended by WHO & CDC
 In Obstructed Labour,NEVER Wait & Watch, NEVER Use Oxytocin
 Only Indication for Internal Podalic Version,SECOND TWIN TRANSVERSE LIE
 Henoch Schonlein Purpura - NO THROMBOCYTOPENIA
 Thrombolysis is CONTRAINDICATED IN Non STEMI
 Leucocyte Alkaline Phosphatase DECREASED in PNH,CML
 Fluency affected in Broca’s Aphasia
 Comprehension affected in Wernicke’s Aphasia
 Hippocampus is NOT involved in Wernicke’s Encephalopathy
 Polycythemia – Von Hippel Lindau Syndrome
 Extraocular muscle are SPARED in Fascio Scapulo humoral Dystrophy
 Barrett’s esophagus – Adenocarcinoma
 Pancreatic Carcinoma is associated with SIADH
 Peritoneal Lavage is NOT USEFUL in Pancreatic Injury (Retroperitoneal)
 Chylolymphatic Cyst –Enucleated
 Treatment for Carcinoma Anal Canal – Chemoradiotherapy
 Caecal Volvolus – Clockwise
 VENTRAL chordate is associated with Hypospadiasis
 Ca Penis – NO PAIN
 Gleason scoring for Ca Prostate – MINIMUM 2
 Bulbar Urethral Injury – Superficial Excavation of Urine – SUPERFICIAL PERINEAL POUCH
 External Laryngeal Nerve Close to Superior Thyroid Artery – Ligated Nearer to Gland
 Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Close to Inferior Thyroid Artery – Ligated Away from Gland
 Post Burns Patient – Hyperkalemic Acidosis
 Ureterosigmoidostomy – Hyperchloremic acidosis
 Rhabdomyosarcoma in Extremities –POOR PROGNOSIS
 Buccal Nerve of Anterior division of Mandibular Nerve DO NOT supply Buccinator
 Digoxin & Nitrates are CONTRAINDICATED in HOCM

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

 K+ Sparing Diuretic absolutely CONTRAINDICATED in Renal Failure

 Absolute Contraindication for ECT – Increased Intracranial tension
 Intraocular pressure after ECT – Decreases
 Elementary body is NOT metabolically active

BECAUSE
Acetyl Choline not used Therapeutically because of Rapid Metabolism
Methotrexate Resistance because of Overexpression of DHFR
Orbital Complication in Children because of Ethmoiditis
Orbital Complication in Adults because of Frontal Sinusitis
Sudden onset of action of Sch because of Low lipid solubility
Short duration of action of Sch because of Rapid Hydrolysis by Butyrylcholinesterase

Ankle is most stable in dorsiflexion because of Wedge shaped Talus

On cutting Spinal nerve,areas of tactile loss is
greater than that of pain because
Travelling nerve does not depolarize area
immediately behind it because
Action potential iniated at axon hillock initial
segment neuron because
CO2 diffuses more easily than O2 because
Respiartion stops in last stage of expiration in
forced expiration because of
Ligand receptor complex dissociates in
endosome because
Keratin in skin and nail are differentiated
because of
Various cells respond differentially to second
messenger because they have different
Tm in practice less than calculated because
High sodium content of filtrate in renal
medulla because of
Marbeling occurs because of
Floating of body because of
Child’s respiratory physiology differs from
adult because of
Surgery in Cryptorchidism because of
Effort during normal respiration due to
High O2 tension in alveoli due to
Tachcardia in Hypoxia due to
Third heart sound is due to
Blood supply to Splanchnic circulation
decrease due to
No edema in cardiac failure due to
Hyperosmolarity of Renal medulla due to
Concentration of urine due to
SIADH is due to
Anion gap mostly due to
Bile salt has detergent action due to
Degree of Overlap of fibres much less
It is refractory
Threshold for excitation is lowest
More Soluble in Plasma
Dynamic compression of airways
Acidic pH of vesicle
Disulfide bond
Enzymatic Competetion
Different nephron have different Tm
Countercurrent mechanism at loop of henle
Visibility of decomposition of veins
Accumulation of Putrefactive gases
Smaller airways
Risk of Malignancy
Lung elasticity
Ventilation perfusion mismatch
Diffuse Vasodilatation
Ventricular filling
Vasoconstriction with decreased blood flow (Sympathetic
circulation)
Fall in systemic capillary hydrostatic pressure
Increased Na,Increased urea,Increased K+
Angiotensin II,Aldosterone,ADH,ANP
Excess ADH
Proteins
Amphipathic action of Bile acids

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 FACT 44
MEDICAL ONELINERS

Human brain is more intelligent than monkey Larger size

due to
Hyperkinetic features of Huntington’s disease Loss of GABAnergic & Cholinergic system
is due to
Dynamic response is due to Primary ending

FACT
Difference between X-ray & Light Wavelength, Energy
Hounsfield Unit represent Average Linear attenuation coefficient
Air 1000 ;Water 0
Pulley Involved in Trigger finger A1
Lower Limb Injuries a/w Maximum shortening Posterior Dislocation of Hip
Fracture shaft of Femur
Transverse Fracture of Medial Malleolus due to Pronation abduction Injury
Traumatic Dislocation of Epiphyseal Plate of Femur Anteriorly & Laterally
Function of Gamma camera To measure Radioactivity
Organ of Corti filled with Corticolymph
Facial Nerve Palsy in Ramsay hunt Syndrome LMN
Optic Nerve originate from Retinal ganglion cells
Newborn eye Hypermetropic
Important role in Depth Perception by Binocular Vision
Chief Source of Tear mucus Goblet Cells (More dense nasally)
Corneal deturgescence maintained by Endothelium
Whole Globe Enucleaten stored in Moist chamber storage
Fibre enhancing Lens Transparency MIP 26
Absolute Contraindication for ECCE <40 years of Age
Differential expression of Same gene depending on Genomic Imprinting
Parent of Origin
Schuffner’s dot is due to Pigment released by breakdown of Hemoglobin
Stage of Microfilaria in Peripheral blood Early adeno lymphangitis stage
Eggs of enterobius vermicularis Planoconvex,Non bile stained
TH1 produces IL-2
TH2 produces IL-5.IL-6
Multiplication of T cells enhanced by Haemagglutinin
Perforins are produced by Cytotoxic T cells
Prozone phenomenon is due to Antibody excess
Class specific antigenic determinants of Immunoglobin Heavy chain
Reaction between antibody & soluble antigen Precipitation
Antigen binding site on antibody Hypervariable region
Secretory component of IgA formed by Epithelial cells & Plasma cells
Variable portion of antibody N – terminal
Globi Histocyte containing Acid fast bacilli
Strain of e.coli associated with hemorrhagic colitis O157:H7
Order of Diasappearance of Antibody in typhoid Vi-O-H
Antigen blocking agglutination of salmonella by O Vi
antiserum
Plaque formation in Virus done for Determining Infectivity of Virus
Non Genetic phenomena in which one viral particle Virus Interfernce

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

inactivates multiplication of other

Peptidoglycans present in Gram Positive organism
Earliest change in reversible cell injury Hydropic change
Reperfusion injury characteristically seen in Cardiac cells
Commonest mechanism of increased permeability Endothelial gap
formation
Hallmark of acute cytokine mediated inflammation Endothelial cell expression of e- selectin
Critical step in Complement system Activation of C3
Hallmark of fibrogenic repair Granulation tissue
First Cyclin to present in Cell cycle Cyclin D
Initiation of DNA replication involves formation of Cyclin E/cdk 2
Main mediator that propels cells beyond Prophase Cyclin B/cdk1
Guardian of genome P53
Haemoglobination takes place during Intermediate Normoblast
Biconcave shape of RBC due to Spectrin
Serum haptoglobin decreases highly in Intravascular Hemolysis
Only Contraindication for Splenectomy Marrow failure
Master regulator of Immune system CD4
Ratio of Mucous gland thickness to thickness of wall Reid Index (Normal 0.4)
between epithelium and cartilage Increased in Chronic bronchitis
Tatoo helps in identifying Decomposed bodies
Blackening & tattooing of skin Infrared
Faint letter mark made visible
Cephalic Index of Indian skull 70 – 75
Fragmented medullary Index Negroes, Newborn
Pearson Index Stature
Study of death Thanatology
Base of catridge made of Detonator cap
Reagent used in Dermal nitrate/Paraffin test Diphenylamaine
Abrasion collar All Ranges
Determination of time since death Entomology of cadaver
Body of Offence Corpus delicti
Fact that speks for itself Res Ipsa Loquitur
Fertilisation of two ova discharged from ovary at SAME Superfecundation
period of ovulation
Early sign of death Algor mortis
Body temperature measured by Chemical Thermometer 8-10 cm Rectum
Rate of cooling related to Difference in temperature between body 7 surrounding
Stiffening produced by embalming Chemical
Session court District head Quarters
Leading questions are not allowed in Direct Examination
Document compelling attendance Summon
Conduct money offered in Civil Cases only
Witness giving false evidence Hostile witness
Attainment of Majority under Guardianship 21 years
Congenital Hymenal tear Anterior ,Symmetrical
Hymen rupture after Intercourse/Foreign body Posterolateral 4/8 , 5/7 or 6’o clock
Mode of abortion by abortion stick Uterine contraction
Consent of husband in abortion Not Necessary
Non Metallic Poison Phosphorus,Iodine
Cadmium Poisoning Osteomalacia

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

Bone Pain
Multiple Pathological fractures
Action of Corrosive Poison Hygroscopic extraction of water from tissues
Phosgene Lung irritant
Cantharidin (Spanish fly) causes Vesicle formation
Strangury
Priapism
Artifical bruise Semicarpus anacardium
Saline diuresis Alcohol
Dimercaprol (BAL) As,Sb,Hg
Adjuvant to penicillamine in Cu poisoning
BAL contraindicated Iron,Cadmium
Tridosha theory of disease Ayurveda
Siddha meaning Achievement
Humoral Theory based Medicine Unani
Primary Prevention Prepathogenic Phase
In epidemiological study,Highest importance given to Metaanalysis
Group Characteristic Ecological study
First case that comes to notice of Investigator Index case
OPV usable upto VVM grade II
Maximum chance of Cold chain Failure Sub Centre level
Recommended temperature monitoring at PHC Twice Daily
Best measure of Validity Criterion validity
Denominator in Crude Literacy rate Total Population
Denominator in literacy rate Population > 7 years of age
Relation between Maternal Nutrition & Birth Weight Linear
Currently accepted measure of Protein Quality Protein digestibility Corrected Aminoacid Score
Omega 9 fatty acid derived from Oleic acid
Richest source of Essential fatty acid & PUFA Safflower oil
Richest source of Saturated fatty acid Coconut Oil
Food Standards in India based on Codex alimentarius
Weighment of raw foods done over a period of 7 days Dietary Cycle
Group of Individuals organized themselves follow a life Society
Social group by Geographical boundaries Community
Process by which individual acquire culture & become Socialisation
member of group
WHO theme for 2012 Aging & Health
WHO theme for 2013 High Blood Pressure
Purest form of water In nature Rain
Well Above 1st Impervious Layer Shallow well
Signs of Insanitation & Porters of Infection Housefly
Best approach for Arthropod Control Environmental
Main Purpose for Preplacement Examination Right Person in Right Job
Job Responsibility of Health Worker male Making Mlaria Slides
Principal unit of Administration in India District Under Collector
Propionic acid is formed by Beta Oxidation of Odd Chain Fatty acids, Oxidation of
Isoleucine, Side chain of Cholesterol
Gluconeogenesis allosterically activated by Pyruvate Carboxylase by acetyl coA
Optical activity of compound produced by Asymmetric carbon atom
6 membered ring with 5 carbon & 1 oxygen Pyran
5 membered ring with 4 carbon & 1 oxygen Furan

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

Primer for Synthesis of Palmitic acid Acetyl coA

Primer for Synthesis of Long Chain Fatty acid Propionyl CoA
Carnitine is chemically Β- OH Gamma Trimethyl Ammonium butyrate
Acyl group carrier in Fatty acid synthesis Citrate
Acyl group carrier in Fatty acid Degradation Carnitine
Only part of Fatty acid that is glucogenic Propionyl CoA
Left Handed DNA Z type
Telomeres rich in T-G
Centromeres rich in A-T
Line & Sine are seen in Transposons
Telomere repeat sequence in humans (TTAGGG)n
Unbound supercoils relaxed by Eukaryotic topoisomerase
Type of DNA replication Semiconservative
Increased salt Concentration increases Tm
Phenomenon shown by tm Hyperchromicity (uv light 260 nm)
Smallest unit of genetic expression Cistron
Which is needed for DNA replication NOT for Primer
Transcription
Template strand read out in 3’ – 5’ direction
Function of microRNA Gene Expression
Role of snRNA RNA processing & Splicing
Actinomycin inhibits transcription by Inhibiting process of chain elongation
α amanitin inhibit transcription by Blocking mRNA formation by inhibiting RNA polymerase
II
Cytarabine inhibit DNA replication by Inhibiting DNA Polymerase
Shine Dalgarno sequence identified & bound by 16S RNA of 30S subunit of prokaryotic ribosome
Antibody Membrane bound or secreted determined by PolyA site
Protein having signal peptide Protein synthesized from Rough Endoplasmic reticulum
Elongation arrest due to Halt signal
Protein folding by Chaperones
Folding protein are Calnexin,Protein disulfide isomerase
Purine replaced by another purine Transition
Purine replaced by Pyrimidine Transversion
Carriers of one carbon unit Tetrahydrofolate, S adenosyl methionine
Causes of non disjunstion Non dysjunction & anaphase Lag
Types of translocators in transbilayer catalysed Flippase,Floppase,Scramblase
translocations
Monoclonal antibodies formed from Hybridoma cells
Hybridoma cells formed from B & M cells fused by PEG
Initial step in production of human insulin in genetic Obtaining insulin mRNA from β–cells of pancreas
engineering
Nude defect Absence of both hair & thymus
pH at which concentration of acid equals to base pKa
Strongest bond Covalent bond
Work done in reversible process Greater
Compound increasing watersolubility and excretes from Xenobiotics
body
Sulfate donor in sulfation reaction Adenosine 3’ phosphate 5’ phosphosulphate
Acetyl donor in acetylation reaction Acetyl CoA
Collagen rich in Proline & Hydroxy proline form Triple Helix
Quarternary structure of protein stabilized by Inter polypeptide disulfide bond

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

Important role of hydrogen bonds Protein folding

Stability of folded conformation enhanced by Intrapolypeptide disulfide bond
Bond in Primary structure Peptide bond
Bond for secondary structure & Folding Hydrogen bond
SDS PAGE Sodium dodecyl sulphate Polyacrylamide gel
electrophoresis
Commonest Cause of Neuralgic Pain in Foot Compression of Communication between Medial &
Lateral Plantar Nerve
Arcurate area extending above the blind spot between Bjerrum’s area
10* to 20* fixation point
Least Common defect in Hereditary Spherocytosis Palladin
Transfer of genetic material through agency of free DNA Transformation
Shine Dalgarno sequence is near AUG codon
Tetanus toxin acts at Presynaptic
Primary site of Multiplication of Rickettsia Endothelial cells of small vessels
Only absolute contraindication to killed vaccine Severe reaction to previous dose
First Requisite before conducting Interview Establishing contact
Greatest source of Lead Petrol
First Referral level of Health care Secondary Level of Health care
Major determinant of Purine Synthesis Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate
Distribution of Pain of Uterine Contraction T10 – L1
Strongest stimulus for Lactation Suckling
Classical Presentation of Placenta Previa Posterior
Major contribution of amniotic fluid after 20 weeks Fetal Urine
Internal Rotation in Mentoposterior 3/8th of Circle
Calcification of Placenta IUGR
Ovarian cycle Initiated by FSH
In postmenopausal women,increased levels of FSH
LH surge Positive Feedback
Post ovulation cervical mucus Thick
Progesterone produced by Granulosa luteal cells
Inhibin Inhibits FSH
Ideal age for surgery for vaginal atresia Before Marriage
Sequency of development of puberty in girls Thelarche,Pubarche,Menarche
Gonococci has affinity for Columnar Epithelium
Upper vagina Nodes Pelvic
Lower Vagina Nodes Inguinal
Type of Endotracheal tube in Children Uncuffed tube & Straight Blade
Fetal growth maximally affected by Insulin
Delayed eruption if no teeth at age of 13 months
Peak velocity in adolescent girl Just before commencement of menarche
Peak stage in height growth correspond to III stge of pubic hair
School child most apt to have fear about Death
Taste perception develops at Birth
Behaviour of adult boy Paradoxical
Dumping syndrome is due to Hyperosmolar contents in small intesting
Dumping syndrome is least likely to occur in Highly Selective vagotomy
MC site of Ca Pancreas Head
Terminal group of Lymph nodes of colon Pre aortic
Typhoid perforation occur during 3rd week
Lymphatic supply below Pectineal Line Superficial Inguinal

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

Urinary bladder calcification resembling fetal head in Schistosomiasis

Pelvis
Length of Nagogastric tube Earlobe to Umbilicus
Nasal ala to epigastrium
Example for Neuroepithelial receptor Sensory neurons of Olfactory epithelium
Histology of thymus varies with Age
Axis directed Above downwards & Backwards
Costomediastinal recess lies Anteriorly
Right principal bronchus Shorter,Wider,More Vertically
Secretions of large intestine Alkaline
Function of Preprostatic (Intramural) urethra Contract to prevent seminal regurgitation during
Ejaculation
Marginal artery of SUDEK formed by anastomosis of Right Colic,Left Colic,Middle Colic,Ileocolic,sigmoid
arteries
Preganglionic root of Celiac Plexus Greater & lesser Splanchnic Nerves
Entrapment neuropathy of Median nerve in Elbow Pronator Syndrome
Lesion of Somatosensory area II Alteration in Pain sensation
Memory doesnot involve processing in Hippocampus Implicit/Non destructive skill
What happens to sleep cycle if external cues was Will be prolonged to greater than 24 hours cycle length
removed
Blobs of visual cortex a/w Colour Processing
Parvocellular pathway carry signal for detection of Colour vision,shape,Fine details
Relative colour & Luminosity of photoreceptive input Amacrine cells
under changing light conditions maintained by
Initiation of visual impulse a/w Photoisomerisation & Hydrolysis of visual purple
Rods and cones are similar in Signal transduction
Attributes of Colour Hue,Intensity,Saturation
Initiation of Voluntary movements by Corticospinal & corticobulbar
Maintenance of posture in normal adult depends on Integrity of Reflex arc
Physiological effect in Unacclimatised person suddenly Shift of blood from shell to core
exposed to cold
Repetetive stimulus increase pain means Hypersensitisation
Pain receptors Nociceptors (Free nerve endings)
Increased in threshold level of applying subthreshold Accomodation
slowly adapting stimulus
Progressive decrease in sensory receptors response Adaptation
despite continued presence of stimulus
Lateral spinothalamic tract is Crossed
Leion of Ventrolateral spinal cord Loss of Pain sensation on Contralateral side
Plate ends are feature of Nuclear bag fibres
Leksell efferents go to Spindl
Muscle force/Tension is regulated by Golgi tendon organ
Autogenic Inhibition is a function of Golgi Tendon organ
Intensity of stimulus directly related to Frequency of AP
Phenomenon for localization of stimulus and two point Lateral Inhibition
discrimination
Spontaneous release of Acetylcholine at Miniature end plate Potential
neuromuscular junction
Total lung capacity depends on Compliance
Resistance to small airways best measured by Maximal mid expiratory flow rate > FEV1
Best breathing of person having normal lung Slow &Deep

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MEDICAL ONELINERS

compliance & increased airway resistance

Tachcardia in Hypoxia due to Diffuse Vasodilatation
Cyanosis in trauma interpreted as Late sign of Hypoxia
Cherry red flush is caused by Carboxyhemoglobin
Apnea is defined as Cessation of Respiration
Function of minor amount of CO Gasseous vasodilator
Section above apneustic centre Prolonged inspiratory spasm
Section above Pons Respiration Normal
Section below Medulla Respiration stops
Tidal volume excessive load prevented by Bronchial stretch receptors
Fuction of Surfactant Maintains alveolar Integrity
Stability of alveoli maintained by Increase in alveolar surface area by surfactant
Function of surfactant Breaks structure of water in alveoli
Best Known metabolic fuction of Lung Conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotension II
Compensatory mechanism in Acclimatation Hyperventilation,Repiratory Alkalosis
Decompression sickness seen in Drivers,Pilot
Ventricular contraction lasts Beginning of Q wave to end of T wave
QRS complex indicates Ventricular depolarization
Electromechanical systole QS2 interval (Onset of Venticular depolaristion to
Second heart sound)
Preejection period Differnce between QS2 and LVET
JVP finding in cardiac tamponade Prominent x descent,Absent y descent
During cardiac imaging,phase of maximum motion Mid diastole
Cariac out decreses during Standing to lying position
Sympathetic stimulation causes Decrease in venous capacitance
Monkenberg sclerosis Pseudohypertension
Bladder Length of Cuff 80% of arm circumference
Bladder Width of Cuff 40% of arm circumference
Arterial pressure maintained during diastole Windkessel elastic recoil of aorta & Large vessels
Mean circulatory filling pressure Arterial pressure taken at point when heart stops
beating
SI unit for blood pressure kPa
Pressure on Carotid sinus (Chemoreceptor) causes Reflex bradycardia
Shape of arterial pulse depends on Arterial wall expansion
Most Potent Cerebral Vasodilator Hypercarbia
Maximum blood is contained in Venous system
Maximum cross sectional area Capillary
Capillaries are lined by Single layer of endothelial cells
Important role of cutaneous shunts Temperature thermoregulation
Velocity of blood Aorta>Venacava>Artery>arteriole>Capillary
Velocity of blood Inversely proportional to Total cross ectional area
Main site of Peripheral resistance Small arteries & arterioles
Transfused blood distributed mainly in Veins,Pulmonary circulation,Heart chamber other than
left ventricle
Effect of Hematocrit on Peripheral resistance Little effect
If viscosity increase,Mean arterial pressure Increases
Distribution of blood flow regulated mainly by Arterioles
Physiological dead space in Lung Zone I
During heavy exercise cardiac output increases five fold Recruitment & Distension
pulmonary arterial pressure very little due to increase in
number of Open capillaries

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 FACT 51
MEDICAL ONELINERS

Effectiveness of blood brain barrier Tight junction of endothelial cells

Protein filtration around cerebral capillaries limited by Foot process of astrocytes around capillaries
Anaerobic capacity maximally increased by Regular 3 minute exercise
Lysozymes found in Bacteriophage,Plants,Eukaryocytes
Function of Furasol DA Increase oxygen delivery to tissues
BMR depends on Lean body mass
Factors decreasing BMR Starvation,Obesity
Increased respiratory rate in moderate exercise Proprioceptive receptor in joints
Exercise cause Increase in body temperature
Cerebral blood flow in exercise Unchanged
Isometric exercise Systemic vascular resistance Unchanged
Homeostatic mechanisms in body stabilized by Negative feedback mechanism
Membranes are Asymmetrical,Amphipathic
Transport of neutral substances across cell membrane Simple diffusion
Exocytosis Extrusion of cell bound vesicles
Fusion of Cell membrane Exocytosis & Endocytosis
Type of collagen in basement membrane of kidney Type IV
Sequence of Vesicle transport ER – cis – trans –cell membrane
Sequence of Cell cycle G0-G1-S-G2-M
Part of cell cycle with fixed duration S-G2 M
Aldosterone receptors are present in CNS(hippocampus),Heart,Kidney,Colon,Brown adipose
tissue,sweat glands
Small G protein related to Product of ras protooncogene
Function of Calcitonin Decrease Calcium,Decrease Phosphate
Sudden decrease in serum calcium causes Increased excitability of nerve & muscle
Sudden decrease in external Na+ Decreases decreases Action Potential
Sudden decrease in External K+ Decreases resting membrane Potential
Function of Phospholamban Collects calcium into Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Active form of calcium Free ionized calcium
Absorption of calcium increased by Acidic pH
Metabolism protecting normal pancreas from Proteolytic enzymes secreted in inactive form
autodigestion
Human Insulin differs from beef insulin by 1 aminoacid molecule
Glucose mediated insulin release through ATP dependent K+ channels
Rapid infusion of insulin causes Hypokalemia,Hypophosphatemia
Shift of K+ into cells Insulin,Alkalosis
Increased Insulin:Glucagon ratio causes Decreased cAMP
Insulin promotes lipogenesis by Decreasing cAMP, Increased transport of glucose into
cells, Increased transport of acetyl coA carboxylase
Insulin secretion seen in Glucose,Vagal stimulation,Acetylcholine
Diet devoid of carbohydrate causes Ketosis
α sub unit of Insulin To bind Insulin
β subunit of insulin Signal transduction
Insulin decreases gluconeogenesis by Inactivating pyruvate carboxylase
Insulin acts on glucose metabolism by Increased permeability across cell membrane against
glucose gradient
Stress induced hyperglycemia Epinephrine,GH,Glucocorticoid,ACTH,GH,Glucagon
increased
Exposure to darkness leads to Increased melatonin.This Incresing N acetyl transferase of Hydroxyindole O
is by methyl transferase
Somatomedin mediates Deposition of Chondritin sulphate

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 FACT 52
MEDICAL ONELINERS

Great stimulator of ADH Hyperosmolarity

Thyroid hormone in blood is transported by Albumin,Thyroid binding globulin,Thyroid binding
prealbumin (Transthyretin)
TRH stimulates release of TSH,GH,Prolactin
Effect of Glucocorticoid Increased gluconeogenesis,Increased lipolysis,Increased
Proteolysis
Diurnal variation in eosinophil is inversely related to Cortisol
Aldosterone synthesis is inhibited by Hypernatremia
Hyperaldosteronism does not cause Metabolic acidosis
Primary Hyperaldosteronism Renin secretion depressed
Secondary Hyperaldosteronism High plasma rennin activity
Action of Epinephrine in Liver Glycogenolysis
LH acts on Theca interna & Granulosa cells in females,Leydig cells
in males
Sertoli cells have receptors for FSH,Testosterone
Sertoli cells play key role in Spermiogenesis
Function of Relaxin Relaxes Symphysis & Sacroiliac joints during preganancy
and helps in cervical ripening
Relaxin is structurally similar to Insulin,IGF
Difference in age of onset of puberty among males & Inhibin,Follistatin (Inhibit)
females Activin A (Stimulate)
Important role in intrauterine growth of fetus Fetal thyroxine,Insulin,Glucocorticoids
Stress induced hypoglycemia through Glucagon,Epinephrine,Cortisol
Nitric oxide synthase requires NADPH,FAD,FMN,Heme iron
Highest concentration of K+ ions secretion in Rectal fluid
Maximum potassium ion secretion is seen in Saliva
Cephalic phase of gastric secretion is mediated by Parasympathetic (Vagus)
GIP produced by K cells in mucosa of duodenum & jejunum
GIP stimulated by Glucose,Fat
Physiological gastrectomy Ligating all major arteries
Bilirubin derived from Myoglobin,Hemoglobin
c-terminal end of androgen is Ligand binding domain
Central domain of Nuclear receptors DNA binding domain containing 2 zinc motif
Pulley Involved in Trigger finger A1
Common Feature of Non Recurrent Anterior Dislocation Rupture of Anterior Capsule
of Shoulder
Iron absorption decreased by Alkali,Phosphate,Phytates
Kupffer cells Phagocytosis
Myenteric Plexus (Auerbach’s) concerned with Motor Control
Submucosal (Meissner’s Plexus) concerned with Control of Intestinal secretion
Chyme is propelled forward in small intestine by Peristalsis

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