Progress report on analysis

Description of building

The structure is located at north of Bagmati river and has impressive and vast array of
courtyards, gardaens and buildings . This is representative of architecture of city of Kathmandu
from the period of Rana regime. The building consists of brick masonry (and mud mortar joints)
with wooden roof truss at the top.The masonry bearing exterior walls are thick (900mm) while
floors are made of wooden joists. The plan of the buildings is shown below. The overall plan
dimension of the building is 113.27m x 85.27m. The overall building height is 16.7 m .The
building has 4 blocks ( A,B,C,D).

The structure has been modeled with the method of finite elements.The three dimensional model
has been developed in the finite element software SAP2000 v20.The analysis is based on the
macro element approach. As the walls of the building are considerably thick, solid element is
used for modeling of walls with 6 nodes.The size of the solid element used is less than 600mm.
The base of the structure has been restrained in all degrees of freedom.

The view of the 3D model is shown in the figure 2.In the model the walls are considered as the
bearing elements(modeled as solid elements) while the floors are considered as planar stiffening
elements(flexible diaphragm modeled as shell element).

Block C Block D
 Block A

Analysis of mode shapes and frequencies

Natural frequencies and mode shapes have been obtained through the modal analysis approach in
SAP2000.The first 12 frequencies of the building ( Block C) obtained by modal analysis have
been shown in table below. And mode shape for first four modes in plan is shown in figure.

Table1.1 Modal time period and frequencies

Mode Time period (secs) Frequency (cycles/sec)

1 0.4099 2.4397
2 0.3953 2.5295
3 0.2420 4.1328
4 0.2386 4.1912
5 0.2077 4.8142
6 0.1917 5.2173
7 0.1711 5.8429
8 0.1690 5.9160
9 0.1679 5.9553
10 0.1629 6.1387
11 0.1605 6.2287
12 0.1494 6.6915

Mode 1 Mode 2
 Mode 3 Mode 4

Figure 3. Mode Shapes(Block C)

Equivalent Static analysis

For the analysis of structure the weight of the materials and live loads were considered. More
specifically, live loads were taken equal to 4 kN/m2 for passages and 2.5 kN/m2 for office rooms,
and floor finish of 1.1kN/m2 (including wooden plank and mud flooring). The closely spaced
joists were modeled as the 200 mm thick shell element.

The seismic analysis of the building is done using equivalent static method as per IS 1893:2002
(Part I), in which the horizontal force is considered as percentage of the total weight of the
building. As per IS 1893, Kathmandu lies in seismic zone V( Z=0.36). Being the office buildi

ng the importance factor,I is taken as 1.5 .