ORESOL is "oral glucose-electrolyte solution”.

– It is a solution which can replace the lost fluids and nutrients.

– By drinking ORESOL, you are replacing the fluids and substances lost in diarrhea. This
has been proven effective and has save millions of children’s’ lives around the world.

IMPORTANCE OF ORESOL PREPARATION

– To regain strength
– Provides immediate care for dehydration
– To prevent further dehydration
– To regain patients normal condition
– To fluid and erythrocytes balanced

10 Things you should know about Rehydrating a child.

1. Wash your hands with soap and water before preparing solution.
2. Prepare a solution, in a clean pot, by mixing

- eight level teaspoons of sugar and

- one level teaspoon of salt
- in one litre of clean water
or
- 1 packet of Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS)
- with one litre of clean drinking or boiled water (after cooled)

Stir the mixture till all the contents dissolve.

3. Wash your hands and the baby's hands with soap and water before feeding solution.
4. Give the sick child as much of the solution as it needs, in small amounts frequently.
5. Give child alternately other fluids - such as breast milk and juices.
6. Continue to give solids if child is four months or older.
7. If the child still needs ORS after 24 hours, make a fresh solution.
8. ORS does not stop diarrhoea. It prevents the body from drying up. The diarrhoea
will stop by itself.
9. If child vomits, wait ten minutes and give it ORS again. Usually vomiting will stop.
10. If diarrhoea increases and /or vomiting persists, take child over to a health clinic.

HOMEMADE SALT AND SUGAR

(HMSS)
– It is a very alternative for oresol sachet.
– This method is easy to prepare and the ingredients are readily available in our home
especially during emergency cases.

EQUIPMENTS:
• SALT (rock) 1tbsp.
• SUGAR 8tbsps.
• DRINKING WATER 1 liter
• CLEAN MIXING CONTAINER
• KNIFE OR FLAT OBJECT
• TEASPOON
• CUP OR GLASS
• PEN OR MARKER
• PAPER

STEPS:
1. Measure 1liter of drinking water in (5 cupfuls or 5 glassful are about one
liter) to the container
2. Scoop the salt with a teaspoon
3. Level the salt with a knife or a flat object
4. Add 1 level teaspoon of salt into water
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 5. Mix it with water
6. Taste the water with salt. It should not very salty.
7. If it tastes saltier than tears, pour the mixture and do the same process
again.
8. Take 8 level teaspoonfuls of sugar.
9. Put this into water and mix well.
10. This will only be used in 24hours.

Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) is best administered with the use of a pre-packed formula
called Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) available in a packet. ORS is a sodium and glucose
solution used to treat children with acute diarrhoea.

In most parts of the world, these packets of ORS and special drinks for children with diarrhoea
are widely available in pharmacies, shops, and health centres.

This packet of ORS is to be mixed with the recommended amount of clean water.

Although these 'salts' are specially made for the treatment of dehydration, they can also be
used to prevent dehydration.

The packet is used by doctors and health workers to treat dehydrated children. But it can also
be used in the home to prevent dehydration.

Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) is the process of replacing essential body fluids and salts that
a child loses in critical quantities during attacks of diarrhoea. The treatment consists of
common salt and sugar mixed in one liter of clean drinking water given to the child by mouth.

By replacing lost body fluids, ORT prevents dehydration and nurses the child back to health.
ORT is best administered with the use of a pre-packed formula called Oral Rehydration Salts
(ORS) available in a sachet to make a liter of solution.

5.Vomiting
SIGNS OF DEHYDRATION...

4.Loss of weight
6.Fever
1.Excessive thirst

2.Fatigue

3.Sunken eyes and dry lips

Gaano karami ang ibibigay na ORESOL?

EDAD TAMANG SUKAT
Wala pang 2 taong gulang 1/2 baso (50-100ml)
2- 10 taong gulang 1 baso (100-200ml)
Higit sa 10 taong gulang hanggang gusto at kaya pa.

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Fluid and electrolyte loss in acute diarrhoea, by mouth,
ADULT: 200 to 400 ml solution after every loose motion.
INFANT and CHILD: according to plans A, B or C.
(Please refer to WHO Formulary 2004 for details below).

Dosage:
Acute diarrhoea in children should always be treated with oral rehydration solution
according to plan A, B or C as shown. Severely dehydrated patients must be treated
initially with intravenous fluids until they are able take fluids by mouth. For oral rehydration
it is important to administer the solution in small amounts at regular intervals as indicated
below.

Treatment of dehydration: WHO recommendations

According to the degree of dehydration, health professionals are advised to follow one
of 3 management plans.

Plan A: No Dehydration. Nutritional advice and increased fluid intake are sufficient
(soup, rice, water and yoghurt, or even water). For infants aged under 6 months who
have not yet started taking solids, oral rehydration solution must be presented before
offering milk. Mother’s milk or dried cow’s milk must be given without any particular
restrictions. In the case of mixed breast-milk/formula feeding, the contribution of
breastfeeding must be increased.

Plan B: Moderate Dehydration. Whatever the child’s age, a 4-hour treatment plan is
applied to avoid short-term problems. Feeding should not therefore be envisaged initially.
It is recommended that parents are shown how to give approximately 75 ml/kg of oral
rehydration solution with a spoon over a 4-hour period, and it is suggested that parents
should be watched to see how they cope at the beginning of the treatment. A larger
amount of solution can be given if the child continues to have frequent stools. In case of
vomiting, rehydration must be discontinued for 10 minutes and then resumed at a slower
rate (about one teaspoonful every 2 minutes). The child’s status must be re-assessed
after 4 hours to decide on the most appropriates subsequent treatment. Oral rehydration
solution should continue to be offered once dehydration has been controlled, for as long
as the child continues to have diarrhoea.

Plan C: Severe Dehydration. Hospitalization is necessary, but the most urgent priority
is to start rehydration. In hospital (or elsewhere), if the child can drink, oral rehydration
solution must be given pending, and even during, intravenous infusion (20 ml/kg every
hour by mouth before infusion, then 5 ml/kg every hour by mouth during intravenous
rehydration). For intravenous supplementation, it is recommended that compound
solution of sodium lactate (see section 26.2) is administered at a rate adapted to the
child’s age (infant under 12 months: 30 ml/kg over 1 hour then 70 ml/kg over 5 hours;
child over 12 months: the same amounts over 30 minutes and 2.5 hours respectively). If
the intravenous route is unavailable, a nasogastric tube is also suitable for administering
oral rehydration solution, at a rate of 20 ml/kg every hour. If the child vomits, the rate of
administration of the oral solution should be reduced.

Uses:
Dehydration from acute diarrhoea.
• Acute diarrhea normally only lasts a few days. ORT does not stop the diarrhoea, but it
replaces the lost fluids and essential salts thus preventing or treating dehydration and
reducing the danger.

The glucose contained in ORS solution enables the intestine to absorb the fluid and the
salts more efficiently.

ORT alone is an effective treatment for 90-95% of patients suffering from acute watery

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 diarrhoea, regardless of cause, this makes intravenous drip therapy unnecessary in all
but the most severe cases.
Solutions: The most effective, least expensive way to manage diarrhoeal dehydration

Dehydration - Loss of water and dissolved salts from the body, occurring, for instance, as a
result of diarrhoea.
Rehydration – is the replenishment of water, or water and electrolytes, lost through
dehydration or the correction of dehydration.

ACKNOLEDGEMENT
Source: INTERNET

Websites:
http://www.slideshare.net/nashua_08/oral-rehydration-solution
http://www.aijc.com.ph/payatas/pdasite_en/ppage6E.html
http://rehydrate.org/rehydration/index.html
http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2004/924154631X_eng.pdf

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