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Microwave Course Term Paper in Fiber Optics 2010
2.1. Passive Optical Networks (PONs) If copper wire is used for the last mile,
an optical network unit (ONU) can
The first network element in Passive
be used instead of the optical network
Optical Network is the Line Termination
termination in the PON, which then
Unit), that provides n x 1 Gbps and n x
provides interfaces such as POTS, ISDN
10 Gbps Ethernet interfaces to the core
or DSL.
network and the PON interfaces to the
In this case, the network architecture is
subscriber . The PON types used here
a Fiber-to-the-Curb (FTTC) connection.
today are usually Ethernet-PON or its
All PON subscribers receive the same
called (EPON), Gigabit-PON (GPON) or
optical signal at the end of the fiber
Gigabit-Ethernet-PON (GEPON).
optics. The personal allocation of data
Ethernet technology is the common
is carried out via a time multiplex
denominator in all these technologies.
procedure, i.e. each subscriber receives
their own time slot to transmit and
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Microwave Course Term Paper in Fiber Optics 2010
receive. Synchronization of the right be used for the last mile from the same
user time slot is carried out in the ONT. access node.
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Microwave Course Term Paper in Fiber Optics 2010
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Microwave Course Term Paper in Fiber Optics 2010
Not all QoS aspects can be responded to modern end customers still used 56
with bandwidth and neither PON nor kbps dial-up modems to read emails, for
AON can really provide unlimited sending faxes and for home banking. In
bandwidth. comparison to today’ s standard 3.5
Mbps ADSL connection, the bandwidth
Nowadays, the Triple Play offerings, has increased 62-fold! Special
implemented via copper wire often requirements from business customers,
consist of two television channels with or demands for the backhaul of sub-
standard resolution (SDTV), a high- networks, server connections or high
speed Internet connection (>3 Mbps) performance IT applications would
and at least one POTS or ISDN easily exceed these quality
telephone connection. The current state specifications and require even greater
of the art is that network operators are high quality performance.
planning approx. 15 Mbps downlink
capacity. 3.3. Business case aspects
Using fiber optic cable promises virtually
In the future the end customer will be unlimited bandwidths, however the
demanding high definition TV (HDTV). network operator only ever has just the
Two simultaneous TV channels will copper wire line in the last mile. That
mean an unacceptable restriction for a means that if the DSL technology is no
family of four in the long term. longer adequate, new optical cables
Furthermore, currently ADSL 16 Mbps must always be laid.
Internet access is already being
marketed to private customers and But when making a comparison
including n telephone lines. between POS and AOS from different
Online gaming – in the Far East popular Investment views it can be noticed that
for years – is also looking promising in PON Vs.AON in Cost
Europe. In this case, top rates of 50 AON PON
Mbps per subscriber line could easily be
reached. Today, standard VDSL2 access Low High
would not be able to cope. Cost of (active components)
High Low
The scenario described above indicates Costs of (passive components and
what the private consumer will look like infrastructure)
in the near future. If such a scenario High LOW
appears exaggerated, we only have to Network rollout costs
recall the situation 10 years ago when High Low
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Microwave Course Term Paper in Fiber Optics 2010
4. Summery
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