Math Lessons

LEARNINGMATE
TUTORIAL CENTER
CIVIL SERVICE
EXAMINATION
REVIEW
Presented by:
MA. JOSEPHINE THERESE EMILY G. TEVES
Educational Consultant
The Learningmate Tutorial Center
2014
1 © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., MMVI. All rights reserved.

What are the necessary preparations
for the Civil Service Examination?
Yes, you can focus on the following:
a.Objective Part
b.Formula
c.Reading Skills
(Speed Reading and Reading Comprehension)
a.Test – Taking Strategies
Success on the more specialized sections of
the test depends on your thorough familiarity
with the types of problem and reasoning involved.
MATHEMATICS
FOR
THE
UTTERLY
CONFUSED

Mathematics Part
POINTERS
Numeracy and Data Analysis
Real Number System
 Signed Numbers
 Operations on Signed Numbers
Fraction
 Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division
 Arranging and Renaming Fractions
 Mean, Median, and Mode
Decimal
 Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division
 Arranging Decimals
Percent
Numeracy and Data Analysis
 Multiplication
Ratio and Proportion
Exponential Notation
 Laws of Exponents
Algebraic Variables
 Algebraic Equation
 Forming Algebraic Questions
 Knowing the Keywords
 Performing operations on Algebraic expression
 Interpreting Algebraic Equations
 6Solving Equations
© Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., MMVI. All rights reserved.
According to CSC, the CS
Examination include
general ability items
where Speed and
Accuracy matter
REMEMBER THE FIRST LAW OF
MATHEMATICS:
The easier the method you

use, the faster you do the
problem and the less likely
you are to make a mistake.

OPERATIONS of
SIGNED NUMBERS
RULE 1
- When adding numbers with same sign
a. Add the numbers
b. The sign of the sum is the same as the
sign of the numbers being added

EXAMPLES
1. +9 + +13= + 22
2. +12 + +10= +22
3. 129 + 12 = _____
4. 23 + 12 = ______
5. -5 + -8 = ______
6. -75+ -8 = ______
7. -45 + 35 = _______

RULE 2:
When adding numbers with different

signs
A.subtract the smaller number from the
larger number
B.follow the sign of the larger number.

EXAMPLES:
1. +75 + -99 = - 24
2. -45 + +23 = ______
3. 102+ -25 =_______
4. -98 + 123 =______
5. - 94 + 25 = ______

RULE 3:
When subtracting sign number:

A.Change the sign of the subtrahend
(subtrahend)
B.Add the result to the minuend

SOLUTION:
6.5- 4.1= _______
1st Step: 6.5 – (-)4.1= _______
nd
2 Step: 6.5 + - 4.1= ________
3rd Step: Apply the rule of addition
Answer: + 2.4

RULE 4:
When multiplying signed numbers
a.If like signs, positive answer

b.If unlike signs, negative answer

RULE 5
When dividing signed numbers;
a.If like signs, positive answer

b.If unlike signs, negative answer

Learning Mate Tutorial Center
WORDS in ACTION
a. Pete borrowed Php 45 on Monday and
returned Php 25 on Wednesday. How much
does Pete still owe?
b. A farmer has a debt of Php 3,200. After
paying Php 1,700. What was his financial
standing? Use signed numbers to get the
answer and explain how to interpret the
answer.
c. One town is 7 km north of Manila while
another is 49 km south of Manila. Use
signed numbers to get the distance
between the two towns.
Exercises!
1. – 99 x -9= _________
2. +11 x – 45= ________
3. +45 + -78= _________
4. -1000 ÷ +4= ________
5. -45 - -9 = _________

– 99 x -9= _________
1. Multiply:
99 x 9= 981
2. Since they are both negative, then
the answer should yield a positive
number.
The answer is +981

+11 x – 45= ________
1. Multiply
11 x -45= 495
2. Since the numbers have different
signs, then the answer should yield a
negative number.
Answer is -495
+45 x +20= _________
1. Multiply
45 x 20= 900
2. Since the numbers have same signs, then
the answer should yield a positive
number.
Answer is +900 or
simply 900.
-1000 ÷ + 4= ________
1. Divide
1000 ÷ 4 = 250
2. Since the numbers have different signs,
then the answer should yield a negative
number.
Answer is -250

Example no. 1
Step 1:
13 x 24= 312
13 x –34 = Step 2: Since numbers

have different signs,
the answer should
be negative.
Answer: - 312
Example no. 2
Step 1:
1250 ÷ 25= 50
1250 ÷ -25=
Step 2: Since numbers
have different signs,
then the answer
should be negative.

Example no. 3
Step 1:
450 x 4= 1,800
450 x 4=
Step 2: Since numbers
have same signs, the
answer should be
positive

We Need This!
TECHNIQUES

To Multiply A Number by:
a. 5, divide the number by 2 then
multiply by 10.
b. 50, divide the number by 2, then
multiply by 100
c. 25, divide the number by 4, then
multiply by 100
d. 20, divide by 5, then multiply by
27
Examples:
1. 750 x 5= 3,750 3. 400 x 25 = 10, 000
a. 750÷ 2= 375 a. 400 ÷ 4= 100
b. 375 x 10= 3,750 b. 100 x 100= 10,000
2. 450 x 20= 4. 200 x 50=

a. 450 ÷ 5= 90 a. 200 ÷ 2= 100
b. 90 x 100= 9000 b. 100 x 100= 10,000

To Divide A Number by:
a. 5, multiply the number by 2, then
divide by 10
b. 50, multiply the number by 2, then
divide by 100
c. 25, multiply the number by 4, then
divide by 100
d. 20, multiply the number by 5, then
divide by 100
76
x
74
------------
5624
65
x
65
------------
4225

75
x
75
--------------
375
79
x
71
----------
6309

125
x
125
______
15625

Exercise no. 1
85
X
85
______

Exercise no. 2
46
X
44
____
Multiplying by 9 (10- 1 system)
29 9 261
1.29 x 10 = 290
2.29 x 1 = 29
3.290 – 29 = 261

Multiplying by 99 (100- 1 system)
30 99 2,970
1.30 x 100= 3,000

2.30 x 1= 30
3.3000- 30= 2,970

Multiplying by 999
(1000- 1 system)
23 999 22,977
1.23 x 1000= 23,000

2.23 x 1= 23
3.23,000- 23= 22,977

Exercise no. 1
35 x 99
(10 seconds)

Exercise no. 2
45 x 9
(7 seconds)

MDAS
a. Multiplication
b. Division
c. Addition
d. Subtraction

PEMDAS
a. Parenthesis
b. Exponents
c. Multiplication
d. Division
e. Addition
f. Subtraction

Exercise no. 1
9x 4+ 120-90= ?

Exercise no. 2
40÷5x 8-4 +4= ?

1. Evaluate inside grouping symbols -
parenthesis (), brackets , braces or
absolute values - first. Also, evaluate
expressions above or below a fraction bar or
under a radical.
2. Evaluate power, roots, and absolute values
3. Evaluate multiplications, divisions,
additions, and subtraction.
LAWS NEEDED TO BE PRACTICED:
a. Distributive Law: a (b+c)= ab +ac

b. Additive Inverse: a + -a= 0
c. Multiplicative Inverse: a (1/a)= a/a= 1
d. Additive Identity: a+0 = 0 + a= a
e. Multiplicative Identity: a (1)= 1 (a)= a

LAWS NEEDED TO BE PRACTICED:
f. Commutative Law for Addition: a+ b= b+ a

g. Associative Law for Addition: a+ (b+c)= (a+b)+ c
h. Commutative Law for Multiplication: a(b)= b(a)
i. Associative Law for Multiplication: a (bx c)= (axb) c
j. Multiplication Property of Zero: a(0)= 0 (a)= 0

Divisibility Rules
Divisible By If Example
2 The last digit is 178

even 190
3 The sum of the 462
digits is divisible 150
by 3
4 The last two digits 4424
are divisible by 4
5 The last digit is 0 420

or 5 425
Divisibility Rules
Divisible If Example
6 The number is divisible by both 2 342

and 3
7 Double the last digit. Subtract it 518

from the rest of the number; it
must yield an answer which is )
or divisible by 7
8 The last three digits are divisible 532,456

by 8
9 The sum of the digits is divisible 81
by 9
10 The number ends in 0 170
50
1560
How about 11?
a. Add the digits in the odd places
6,238,419 (6+3+4+9= 22)
b. Add the digits in the even places
6, 238, 419 (2+8+1= 11)
c. The difference must be 0 or a multiple of
11
22- 11= 11

How about 12?
A number is divisible by 12 if the number is
divisible by 4 and 3.
For example: 9,720

9720= divisible by 4
9+7+2+0= 18; divisible by 3

HEY, IS 6,755 DIVISIBLE BY 7?

1. Double the last digit. (5X2)= 10
2. Subtract it (THE DIFFERENCE) from the rest
of the number
675 – 10= 665
3. Is 665 divisible by 7?
665 ÷ 7= 95
Therefore, 6755 is divisible by 7

8638 divisible by 7?
1.Double the last digit. (8X2)= 14
2.Subtract it (THE DIFFERENCE) from the
rest of the number
863- 16= 847
3. Is 847 divisible by 7?
It is soooo big!! Can we make 847 even
smaller? Yes.
Repeat the process.
Is 847 divisible by 7?
1.Double the last digit. (7X2)= 14
2.Subtract it (THE DIFFERENCE)
from the rest of the number
84- 14= 70
3. Is 70 divisible by 7??
Yes!!

LET’S PRACTICE!!
Which of the following
is divisible by 6?
a.573, 654
b.237
c.6812

SOLUTION:
1. 573, 654;
a. Add all the digits; 5+7+3+6+5+4= 30 (therefore its
divisible by 3)
b. It ends in an even digit (2), therefore its an even number
2. 237 is not an even number but the sum of the digits is
divisible by 3
3. It is an even number but not divisible by 3

Exercise no. 1
Which of the following is divisible
by 3?
a. 7,000,002
b. 345,000,451,000
c. 341,000
d. 83
e. 71,000
Exercise no. 2
Which of the following is divisible
by 6?
a. 345,711
b. 303
c. 603
d. 840,750,120

Exercise no. 3
Which of the following is divisible by 6?
a. 7,925,435
b. 645,000
c. 393,453,111

Rounding Off Numbers

Round off each number to the place
indicated:
8,446- rounding it off to the nearest 10 =
8,450
8,446- rounding it off to the nearest 100 = 8,
400
8,446- rounding it off to the nearest 1000 =
8,000
Round off each number to the
nearest:
Given Tens Hundreds Thousands
5,678
13,512
45,255
62,736
99,462
15,456
MEASURE OF
CENTRAL
TENDENCIES
(MEAN, MEDIAN,
AND MODE)

30,34,21,35,36,23,37,40,31,41,
42,43

DEFINITION:
MEAN- “AVERAGE”
MEDIAN- “MIDDLE”
MODE- “FREQUENTLY OCCURING”

The only test scores for the
students in a certain class are
44,30,42,30,x,44, and 30. If x
equals one of the other scores
and is a multiple of 5, what is the
mode for the class?
Fractions
A fraction is a part of a whole.
It is usually written in the form
a
b
where a and b are numbers.
Fractions
a. ADDING FRACTIONS (LIKE AND
UNLIKE DENOMINATORS)
b. SUBTRACTING FRACTIONS (LIKE
AND UNLIKE DENOMINATORS)
c. MULTIPLYING FRACTION
d. DIVIDING FRACTION
e. RENAMING FRACTION
f. ARRANGING FRACTIONS
a numerator
It tells us the total

number of parts
It tells us the
or objects
number of
b
selected parts or
denominator
objects.
PRACTICE 1:
What fraction of the rectangle is shaded?
1 Step 2:
1:
2 What is your numerator?
denominator?
3
4 3
5
6
7 7
PRACTICE 2:
In a class, there are
15 students.
7 are boys
while the rest are all girls.
What fraction of the class are boys?
7 of
Step 2:
the
1:
class are boys.
What is your numerator?
denominator?
71
Renaming Fractions
There are different kinds of fractions.
a.Proper Fractions
A fraction is said to be a proper
fraction if the numerator is smaller
than denominator.
3 5 1
examples:
72
7 13 2
Renaming Fractions
b. Improper Fractions
A fraction is said to be an improper
one when the
numerator is bigger
than the denominator.
examples: 11 15 5
7 13 2
Renaming Fractions
c. Mixed Numbers
A fraction is said to be a mixed
number when it is companied by
a whole number.
1 2 7
examples: 8 3
2 7
1 9

Improper to Mixed Number

When changing an Improper Fraction to
a Mixed Number, the steps are:
1.Divide the numerator by the denominator.
2.The answer of that becomes the whole

number while the remainder becomes the
new numerator.
3.Your
75 denominator stays the same.
Let’s Try This!

Change the given improper fraction into a mixed
number.
Step 2:
1: The
3: Divide
answer
denominator
the numerator
becomes
staysby
the
11
whole
the same
denominator.
number while the
remainder becomes the new
numerator. 2 r.1
1
2
5 11
5
- 10
1
76
5
Let’s Try This!

Change the given improper fractions into a
mixed number.
1
5
21
47
4
6
5
7 4
6
Mixed Number to Improper

When changing a Mixed Number to an
Improper, the steps are:
1.Multiply the denominator with the whole

number.
2.Add the answer of that to the numerator to

get your new numerator.
3.Your
78 denominator stays the same.
Let’s Try This!

Change the given improper fraction into a mixed
number.
Step 3:
1: The
2: Multiply
Add denominator
the the
answer
denominator
of that
3
1
to the numerator.
remains whole
the same.
number.
The answer of
that is the new numerator.
10
7 X 1=7
7 + 3 = 10
7
7
Let’s Try This!

Change the given mixed numbers to
improper fractions.
2
5 50
17
5
3 9
5 9
5
Reducing Fractions to Lowest Term
To change fractions to lowest term,

all you need to do is divide the
numerator and denominator of
that fraction by the same number
over and over again until you
can’t find a common number to
divide them anymore.

Let’s Try This!

Change the given fraction to lowest term.
Step 2:
1: Find a number that
18 ÷ 3
2= 3 9 can divide both numerator
and denominator
denominator.once
more.
30 ÷ 3
2 = 15
5
Let’s Try This!

Change the given fractions to lowest term.
24
63 3
32
105 4
5
Ordering Fractions
When ordering fractions, the steps are:
1.Find the Least Common Denominator (LCD)
2.Rewrite the fractions with the LCD.

The LCD becomes the new denominator.
To get the numerator, divide the LCD by the
original denominator, then multiply their quotient
to the original numerator.
3. Compare
84 the numerators.
Arrange the fractions from least to
greatest
3 5 7 4
4 8 10 5
SOLUTION:
a. Find the smallest common factor of all the given
denominators (4, 8, 10, and 5). Please enumerate all
the factors of the biggest number; 10.
b. We found out that the smallest common factor is
(10 x 4= 40) 40.
c. 40 divided by the given denominator, then the
result must be multiplied to the numerator.
d. Please listen carefully to the lecturer for the step-
by- step process.

WORDS in ACTION
1. During a newspaper drive, five sections of
St. Claire’s School collected 22 ½ kg, 27 ¼
kg, 29 ⅙ kg and 20 ⅚ kg of newspapers in
one week. How many kgs of newspapers did all
the sections collect?

WORDS in ACTION
2. Mother bought a cloth retaso 8 ⅔ meters
long. If she used 3 ½ meters to make
dusters, how much cloth remained?

WORDS in ACTION
3. Sarah packed three books. If the books
were 2 ⅕ cm, 3 ¼ cm and 2 ⅘ cm thick,
how thick was the package?

WORDS in ACTION
4. A textbook is 2 ½ cm thick. Can
the librarian put 39 of them into a 1
meter long shelf?

Decimals
.0 0001
hundred thousandths
ten thousandths
thousandths
hundredths
tenths

Addition and Subtraction of

Decimals
When adding or subtracting decimals,
you must make sure that the decimal
points of the numbers are aligned.
When the decimal point of a number

is not visible, it is always assumed to
be found at the end.

Add the given numbers.
2 . 4 , 32 ..54, 4 . 0 7
3.5
+ 4.07
9 . 97
Add the given numbers.
a. 11.8
5.2 + 6.6 = ______
b. 117.3
27.5 + 89.8 = ______
c. 86.3
13.6 + 27.8 + 44.9 = ______
d. 174.7
125.2 + 3.8 + 34.7 = ______
e. 483.6
7.2 + 19.9 + 456.5 = ______
Subtract the given numbers.
3 4 3. 74, . 27 1 . 2
- 21.2
13.5

Subtract the given numbers.
a. 5.2
9.7 - 4.5 = ______
b. 16.2
47.6 - 29.8 = ______
c. 20.4
54.3 - 33.9 = ______
d. 48.4
125.2 - 76.8 = ______
e. 332.8
456.5 - 123.7 = ______
Perform the indicated operations.
a. 29.76
13.47 + 16.29 = ______
55.95
b. 112.08 - 56.13 = ______
14.59
c. 13.6 + 27.8 – 26.81 = ______
55.9
d. 25.2 - 23.8 + 54.5 = ______
31
e. 73.2 + 9.9 - 52.1= ______

Multiplication of
Decimals
Multiplication of decimals is very
similar to multiplication of whole
numbers. The only difference is
that at the end of the process, you
have to count the number of
decimal points to know where on
the answer should you put it.

Multiply the given numbers.

1 4
2
3.16 ,
3.1 4 6. 7
x 4.7
2 21 2
+1 2 6 4
99 1 4.8 5 2
Multiply the given numbers.
a. 13.47 x 1.2 = 16.164

______
b. 0.08 x 0.13 = 0.0104
______
c. 11.6 x 27.8 = 322.48
______
d. 32
5 x 6.4 = ______
e. 1.084
54.2 x .02= ______
How many of these
can
you answer orally?

Exercise no. 1
Add 14 to the quotient of 45.3

and 3?

Exercise no. 2
Subtract 13 from the product of 8

and 9 by 12

Exercise no. 3
Divide 60 by 5 and multiply the

quotient by 3

WORDS in ACTION
1. Ballpen cost Php 3.15
each. How many can
you buy with Php
20.00?

Ratio and Proportion

A proportion is an equation of two
equal ratios.
a:b = c:d
Two ratios are equal if
axd = cxb
Tell whether the given proportion is real.

18
6 : 18 = 1 : 3
18
To know whether the given proportion is
Since the answer on both multiplication
6 xx31==18
18 18
real you have to multiply the two numbers
sentence is the same, the proportion is
on the outside and the two numbers on the
real.
inside.
Find the missing number to make the given
proportion real.
360
45
8 : 15 = 24 : ___
360
Remember that in a real proportion the
answer when you multiply the inner
numbers 8 xx___
15
360 ÷
To findmissing
theThe248==360
45
This tells us that when we multiply 8 to the
is missing
the same
missing when you
number,
numberdivide
is multiply
45.
number, you’ll get 360 360
outer numbers. Let’s find the product of the
the
by 8.
inner numbers first.

Find the missing number to make the
proportion real.
22 : :111 == ___
1 3
12 : 66
3 4 2 16
The Bloom’s Floral Shop sells white,

red and pink roses. The roses are in the
ratio of 1:2:3. If the shop has 150 red roses,
a.How many white and pink roses do they
have?
Answer: 75 white roses and 225 pink roses
b. How many roses do they have in all?

Answer: 450 roses

A box contains 5 green pens

for every 25 red pens. If the bag
contains 250 red pens, how many
green pens are there?
5 green pens : 25 red pens: ______ green pens : 250 red pens
Answer:
There are 50 green pens.

1. Nancy typed a composition

about 380 words long in 10
minutes. About how many
words a minute did she type?
ANS: 380: 10 ; ____: 1
38 words per minute

2. A tree casts a shadow of 12
meters when a 5 meter pole
casts a shadow of 4 meters.
How tall is the tree?
ANSWER: n: 12; 5: 4
n= 12 x 5= 60 ÷4
n= 15
INTERCONNECTIONS OF RATIO,
FRACTION, PERCENT, & DECIMALS
This section is one of the
most important of
the lecture since this
will help you know
the basic operations
of Word Problems.

a. From Percent to Decimal
b. From Decimal to Percent
c. From Decimal to Fraction
d. From Fraction to Decimal
e. From Ratio to Fraction
f. From Fraction to Ratio

Fraction Ratio Decimal Percent
¾
15: 25
.75
85%

CHAPTER
REVIEW

Discuss the following:

- Percent
- Exponents
- Laws of Exponents
- Roots

THE
LANGUAGE
OF ALGEBRA

If a pen costs Php 4.75 and mother said you

may buy any number of pens as long as the
total price is less than Php 20.00, what
number sentence can you form?
(x) × Php 4.75 < Php 20.00
Variable Constants
4 × Php 4.75 = Php 19.00 < Php 20.00

3x
Variables
Coefficients
Variables- a symbol assigned to an unknown

value
Coefficient- number before the variable

Constants and variables together with the symbols for

operations can be used to translate phrases into
algebraic expressions.
Examples:
Phrase Algebraic Expression

the sum of a and b a+b
7 more than four 7 + 4x or
times a number x 4x= + 7
the sum of two x + (x+1)
consecutive integers
In solving word problems, take note of the
following:
1. “of” means multiply
What is 30% of 100?
Solution: 30% x100 = 30
2. “is” means equals
3. Keywords for addition
increased by total of
more than sum of
combined added to

4. Keywords for subtraction

less than reduced by
fewer than decreased by
difference of
5. Keywords for multiplication
of product of
times multiplied by
6. Keyword for division
out of quotient of
ratio of percent
Translate each of the following into
algebraic expressions or sentences.
1.twice x plus 10
2.y divided by 4
3.x increased by 7
4.one-half x minus 13
5.17 less than twice x
6.Twice the sum of x and y
7.4 times the product of a and b
8.the sum of x and y divided by z
9.7 times a number increased by twice the sum
of the number and 4
MORE MATHEMATICAL SYMBOLS
SYMBOL MEANING
+ Addition, plus
− Subtraction, minus
× Multiplication, times
÷, / Division, divided by
= Equals, is equal to
< Less than
> Greater than
≤ Less than or equal to
≥ Greater than or equal to
≠ Is not equal to
Example no. 1
a. The sum of a and b a. a+ b
b. Seven more than four b. 7 + 4x
times a number x
c. Sum of two c. x + (x+1)
consecutive numbers
d. Sum of two
d. x+ (x+2) + (x+4) +
consecutive even (x+6) + (x+8)
numbers
e. Sum of two
e. x+ (x+2) + (x+4) +
consecutive odd
(x+6) + (x+8)
numbers
Translate each of the following:
a. a decreased by 4 equals nine
b. One- half of the sum of twice x and y
c. 3 times a increased by twice b
d. The sum of x and y divided by z
e. 5 times x decreased by 3 equals 12
f. a diminished by 4

ONE MORE TIME:
Given: Tom is x years old now
a.How old he will be now 7 years from now?

b.How old was he 5 years ago?
c.How old he will be n years from now?
d.How old was he y years ago?

ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION:
- Composed of Variables
and Constants 1 term- Monomial
- An Algebraic expression 2 terms- Binomial
separated by addition 3 terms- Trinomial
and subtraction signs are
called terms.
General Term- Polynomial
Ex. 3xy + 4ab; 2 terms
5ab+ 3xy-9by; 3 terms

Addition and Subtraction of
Algebraic Expression
5xy + 3xy +5x= 8xy + 5x
Add or Subtract -4ab + 2ab= -2ab
integers with 4y- 2x+5y- 3x= 9y- 5x

same variables
5ab- 2ab+ 6ab= 9ab
8bc+ 4bc- 9ba+ 7ab= 12bc- 2ba

Formulating Equation
1. A vendor bought x melons at
Php y each. He sold them at a
gain of Php 3 each. If he sold
all, how much did he get?
What was his gain?

Formulating Equation
2. Mother bought a basket
of mangoes containing n
mangoes. She found that
5% of the mangoes were
bad. How many mangoes
were fit to eat?

EQUATION
LET’S PRACTICE! REPRESENTATION:
a. The sum of
half a certain
number and ½x+ ⅕x= 21
one-fifth of the
same number is
21.

A part of Php 10,000 is invested at 4% and
the remainder at 3 ½% The annual income
from both is Php 380.
Find the amount of each investment.

Question: What is the amount in each
investment?
Given:
- Let x be the amount in investment at
3 ½%.
- Let 10,000- x be the amount in investment
at 4%

Interest at 3% + interest at 4%
= Php 380
3 ½% of x + 4% (10,000-x)= 380

= 3 ½% of x + 4% (10,000-x)= 380
a. All the number in percent form should be

written in decimal
= 3.5% (x) + 4% (10,000-x)= 380
= .035(x) + .04 (10,000-x) =380

 b. Distribute the decimals
 = .035(x) + .04 (10,000-x) =380
 .035x + 400 - .04x = 380

.035x- .04x = 380- 400
-.005x = -20
-005 .005
X= 4000 invested at 3.5%

10,000- 4,000= 6,000 invested at 4%

Type A salt costs ₱ 75 per kilograms. It is
mixed with Type B salt, which normally
costs ₱ 80 kilograms, to form a mixture
that costs ₱ 78 per kilograms. If there
are 10 kilograms of the mixture, how
many kilograms of Type A salt were
used?

SOLUTION
Mixture Problem: Always use boxes

If a poster, which is 3 inches wide and 5 inches long, is
enlarged such that the ratio of the width to the length
is maintained, how many inches long will it be if the
new width is 9 inches?
A. 11 B. 13 C. 15 D. 25 E. 27

In a room of fifteen people, how many
handshakes will there be if every person shakes
hands with everyone else exactly once?
A. 105 B. 450 C. 540 D. 60 E. 81

The co-operative trust fund is P500,000. Part of the fund is
invested at an annual interest rate of 6% and the rest is invested
at an annual interest rate of 8%. If the income from both
investments is P39,000, how much is invested at each rate?
A. ₱ 100,000 at 6% and 400,000 at 8%

B. ₱ 80,000 at 6% and 420,000 at 8%
C. ₱ 75,000 at 6% and 425,000 at 8%
D. ₱ 50,000 at 6% and 450,000 at 8%
E. ₱ 25,000 at 6% and 475,000 at 8%

The entrance fee in a carnival is ₱ 50 for an adult and ₱ 25 for a
child. Ferdie pays ₱ 225 for the entrance fee of his family. If his
family has equal number of adults and children, how many are
they in the family?
A. 12 B. 10 C. 8 D. 6 E. 4

A motorcycle that travels 80 km/ hr
starts 45 minutes after a pick-up truck,
and overtakes it in 15 minutes. Find the
speed of the pick- up truck.

The average speed of an express train is
60 kph faster than that of a freight train.
In two hours the train travels the same
distance that the freight train reaches in 5
hours. Find the average of each.

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LEARNINGMATE

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The easier the method you

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When adding numbers with different

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When subtracting sign number:

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When multiplying signed numbers

a.If like signs, positive answer

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When dividing signed numbers;

a.If like signs, positive answer

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13 x –34 = Step 2: Since numbers

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2. 450 x 20= 4. 200 x 50=

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1.30 x 100= 3,000

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1.23 x 1000= 23,000

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40÷5x 8-4 +4= ?

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a. Distributive Law: a (b+c)= ab +ac

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f. Commutative Law for Addition: a+ b= b+ a

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2 The last digit is 178

5 The last digit is 0 420

6 The number is divisible by both 2 342

7 Double the last digit. Subtract it 518

8 The last three digits are divisible 532,456

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For example: 9,720

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HEY, IS 6,755 DIVISIBLE BY 7?

Therefore, 6755 is divisible by 7

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