Resume of Ch.

7 Statistics
Muhammad Eko Rahardianto 2016 042 0079
Wisnu Wardhana 2016 042 0010
IPAcc I

Chapter 7 Part C
Variance Analysis

Analysis of variance (Analysis of Variance), is a inferensial technique that is used to

test the difference in average value. As a technique of analysis of variance or often called anava
have many advantages. First, anava can be used to determine whether the mean value of two
or more different samples or significantly. Second, the calculation of anava also produces F
price which significantly showed researchers that the samples examined came from different
populations, although anava not can show in detail where the average value of between the
samples of yan gberbeda significantly from each other. T-test was the one who can improve on
this. Third, anava can also be used to analyze data generated by multiple factorial design. In a
factorial design which produces price F double, anava can accomplish tasks at once. With it is
this researcher can find out anava antarvariabel which indeed have differences significantly,
and varibel variables which interact with one another.

Another advantage of anava is the ability to test the hypothesized tendency of

significance. The result is called the trend analysis. Sebaagai examples of researchers classify
students into four groups based on the level of kedisiplinannya someone will the higher
achievement of their learning. To test the hypothesis of these researchers can use anava.
Another benefit of anava is, that this technique can be used to test the significance of the
changes of variance two ampel or more. By using the technique of anava researchers do not
have to repeatedly do the testing but just enough just once. In addition to these savings, as
already expressed above, with anava researchers can see the result of the interaction of two
factors. Some assumptions which must be fulfilled in the anova test is as follows:

a) Variance homogeny (the same)

b) samples for independent groups

c) Gaussian Data

d) types of data that are linked are: there is a difference whether or not the average/numerical
data on the Group category

I. One Way Variance Analysis

A. Variance Source

Understanding the sources of variation "is used as column headings in the table of
preparation anava. The things contained in the titles below are things seen indicating variation
causing the onset of the nilain differences analyzed. As a source of variation for example
differences between groups, within the group, and the interactions between two or more factors.

B. Step to Calculate F Value

1. Calculate the variability of the entire sample.

Measurement of total variability over the data can be grouped into three parts, the following
formula in the Anova:

 Total sum of squares (SSt) – the number of squares total (jkt).

Is the number of the square of the difference between the individual score with the average
total.

𝑘 𝑛𝑖
2
𝑇2
𝐽𝐾𝑇 = ∑ ∑ 𝑥𝑖𝑗 −
𝑁
𝑖=1 𝑗=1

Description: k = the number of columns N = the number of observations/data overall

NI = the number in column to repeat-i xij = data in the columns to repeat-i to-j T ** = Total
(the number of) the entire observation

 Sum Square Between (SSb) – the number of the square column (jkk).

Variance the average of the sample group against an average overall. Variance here is more
affected due to a difference in treatment between groups.
 𝑘
𝑇𝑖2 𝑇 2
𝐽𝐾𝐾 = ∑ −
𝑛𝑖 𝑁
𝑖=1

Description

T * i = Total (amount) of Deuteronomy on the column to-i

 Sum Square within (S) – number of quadratic error (jkg).

Variansi that are in each group. The number variansi will depend on the number of groups,
and variansi here are not affected by the difference of treatment dependent/between groups.

JKG = JKT-JKK

2. Calculate the degrees of freedom (degree of freedom).

Degrees of freedom or degree of freedom (denoted by v, dof, or db) in the ANOVA

will as much variability. Therefore, there are three kinds of degrees of freedom which we will
calculate:

 Degrees of freedom for JKT

is the degrees of freedom of a quadratic number of total (JKT) this will we symbolizes
with dof JKT.

DB JKT = N-1

 Degrees of freedom for the JKK

is the degrees of freedom of a quadratic number of columns (JKK) this will we

symbolizes with dof JKK.

JKK DB = k-1

 Degrees of freedom for JKG

From the number of degrees of freedom is quadratic error (JKG) this will we
symbolizes with dof JKG

DB JKG = N-k
  Degrees of freedom also has the same relationship with the nature of the relationship
of variables, namely:

DB = db JKK JKT + db JKG

3. Calculates the variance between the Group and the variance within the group.

Variance in ANOVA, for both between groups as well as in the group often referred to
the square of the middle or average squared deviation (mean squared deviation) and was
represented by MS or KT. Thus, then the mean squared deviation of each can be searched by
the following formula:

KTK = JKK/db JKK

KTG = JKG/db JKG

4. Count the F Value

Calculate the value of a distribution ƒ (F score) based on a comparison between groups

variance and variance within groups. F score is obtained by the formula below:

F score = CEC/KTG

5. Count F Table

In addition, F based on the table (Ftabel) is also calculated, based on the value of the
degrees of freedom (4th step) using a table of distribution-F. Don't forget to include a picture
of the position of Fhitung and Ftabel in the graph of F-distribution.

6. Comparing F score with F table :

If F score > Ftabel: reject H0

If F score ≤ Ftabel: accept H0