 1.

Trachea
Physical and chemical changes or reactions that o C.
occur within the body are collectively known as Thymus gland
o A. o D.
Metabolism Kidney
o B.
Physiology  7.
o C. The membrane on the surface of a lung is called
Assimilation the
o D. Discuss
Excretion o A.
Visceral pleura
 2. o B.
Which of the following lists best illustrates the idea Parietal pleura
of increasing levels of complexity? o C.
o A. Visceral pericardium
Cells, tissues, organelles, organs, o D.
systems Parietal pericardium
o B.
Tissues, cells, organs, organelles,  8.
systems A section that separates the body in to right and
o C. left portions would be the
Organs, organelles, systems, cells, o A.
tissues Frontal section
o D. o B.
Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, Transverse section
systems o C.
Coronal section
 3. o D.
Which of the following is not an example of a Sagittal section
homeostatic mechanism?
o A.  9.
The thoracic cavity lies where in relationship to
 4. the abdominopelvic cavity?
Homeostasis is defined as the o A.
Discuss Dorsal (posterior)
o A. o B.
Ability of human beings to keep body Ventral (anterior)
weight within normal limits o C.
o B. Superior
Maintenance of a constant external o D.
temperature inside a room Inferior
o C.
Ingestion of enough food to keep  10.
hunger pains from developing When the body is placed in the anatomical
o D. position, which of the following is not true?
Tendency of the body to maintain a Discuss
stable environment o A.
The face is forward
 5. o B.
How is oxygen used by living organisms? The arms are at the sides
o A. o C.
It controls the amount of heat produced The palms are facing backward
o B. o D.
Its a source of energy The body is erect
o C.
It is used to release energy that is  11.
stored in food A mechanism functioning to maintain a stable
o D. internal environment is most likely to involve
It is part of water and is necessary to Discuss
keep organisms hydrated o A.
Positive feedback
 6. o B.
Which of the following organs is located in the Negative feedback
abdominopelvic cavity? o C.
o A. A vicious circle
Heart o D.
o B. None of the above
 o A.
 12. Release of energy
A parietal membrane __________, where as a o B.
visceral membrane ______________. Digestion of food particles
o A. o C.
Covers organs; lines cavities Growth of body parts
o B. o D.
Lines cavities; covers organs Neutralization of acids by buffers
o C.
Is thick; is thin  19.
o D. A covalent bond is characterized by
Secretes mucous; secretes serous fluid o A.
One atom sharing and another atom
 13. gaining electrons
The diaphragm separates the thoracic and the o B.
abdominopelvic cavities. Atoms sharing pairs of electrons
o A. o C.
True Oppositely charged atoms being
o B. attracted to each other
False o D.
All of the above
 14.
The elbow is distal to the wrist.  20.
Discuss Lipids are characterized by
o A. o A.
True A group of substances that are insoluble
o B. in water.
False o B.
A number of compounds such as
 15. phospholipids, cholesterol and fats.
A decomposition reaction can be symbolized by o C.
o A. Fat molecules containing C, H, & O but
A+B --> C+D the proportion of oxygen is much
o B. smaller than in carbohydrates.
A+B -->AB o D.
o C. All of the above.
AB-->A+B
o D.  21.
C+D-->AB The general characteristics of proteins are that
they
 16. o A.
Electrolytes are substances that Serve as structural materials, energy
o A. sources, and chemical messengers.
Form covalent bonds with water o B.
o B. Contain C, H, O and N, and sometimes
Ionize when dissolved in water sulfur.
o C. o C.
Cannot conduct electricity in solution Can act as enzymes
o D. o D.
Are not found in the human body in any All of the above.
appreciable amounts.
 22.
 17. An enzyme is defined as a
The pH scale measures the Discuss
o A. o A.
Concentration of hydrogen ions in Protein that speeds up chemical
solution reactions without being changed or
o B. depleted.
Amounts of salts dissolved in water o B.
o C. Protein that functions as a hormone
Number of hydroxyl ions in water o C.
o D. Protein that inhibits chemical reactions
Strength of an electrical current carried by being changed or depleted
by a solution o D.
Fibrous protein that is used to help build
 18. certain tissues in the body
Synthesis reactions are particularly important in
the body for  23.
 Sodium ions and calcium ions are examples of The movement of molecules through a membrane
o A. by filtration depends upon the presence of
Cations Discuss
o B. o A.
Anions Osmotic pressure
o C. o B.
Salts Hydrostatic pressure
o D. o C.
Buffers Atmospheric pressure
o D.
 24. None of the above
Table sugar breaking down into glucose and
fructose is an example of  31.
o A. Which of the following processes involves the use
of specific carrier molecules?
 25. o A.
Water causes substances formed with ionic bonds Phagocytosis
to o B.
Discuss Pinocytosis
o A. o C.
Bond more strongly Active transport
o B. o D.
Dissociate Dialysis
o C.
Degrade  32.
o D. If the concentration of glucose in the water outside
Denature of a cell is higher than the concentration inside,
o A.
 26. Water will tend to enter the cell by
Which of the following is not hydrophylic? osmosis
o A. o B.
Carbohydrates Water will tend to leave the cell by
o B. osmosis
Lipids o C.
o C. Glucose will tend to enter the cell by
Proteins osmosis
o D. o D.
Nucleic acid Glucose will tend to leave the cell by
osmosis
 27.
The symbol Na+ represents a sodium atom that  33.
has lost an electron Because of mitosis and cytoplasmic division, the
o A. resulting cells contain
True o A.
o B. Identical chromosomes
False o B.
Identical DNA information
 28. o C.
Glycogen is a complex polysaccharide that is Both identical chromosomes and
synthesized by the body DNA information
o A. o D.
True None of the above.
o B.
False  34.
The 2 major components of the cell membrane
 29. are
The endoplasmic reticulum is best described as a o A.
o A. Lipids and carbohydrates
Formless liquid o B.
o B. Proteins and carbohydrates
Cellular inclusion o C.
o C. Lipids and proteins
Network of interconnected o D.
membranes Carbohydrates and polysaccharides
o D.
Membranous sac  35.
The cell membrane functions to
 30. o A.
 Maintain wholeness of the cell Interphase
o B. o C.
Control the entry and exit of various Metaphase
substances o D.
o C. Telophase
Provide a barrier to water soluble
substances  40.
o D. Which of the following is isotonic to red blood
All of the above cells?
o A.
 36. 0.9% NaCl solution
Which of the following is not a factor that o B.
influences the rate of diffusion? Distilled water
o A. o C.
The distance of diffusion 0.9% glucose solution
o B. o D.
The concentration of the substance None of the above
o C.
The amount of energy available for  41.
transport molecules A selectively permeable membrane is defined as
o D. one that
The molecular weight of the diffusing o A.
molecules Allows all substances to pass through
o B.
 37. Allows all organic substances to pass
What characteristic is shared by simple diffusion through but excludes all inorganic
and facilitated diffusion? substances
Discuss o C.
o A. Allows some substances to pass
Both require cellular energy for the through and excludes others
transport of substances. o D.
o B. Is leaky or allows substances to leak
Both involve the movement of water through
across a semi-permeable membrane
o C.  42.
Both require a special carrier molecule Which of the following organelles has its
to move substances across the structures and function correctly described?
membrane o A.
o D. Endoplasmic reticulum: network of
Both involve the movement of a interconnected membranes forming
substance from regions of higher sacs and canals; packages proteins
concentration to lower concentration molecules
without cellular energy. o B.
Ribosomes: membranous vesicles;
 38. contains digestive enzymes
What occurs if a red blood cell is placed in a o C.
hypotonic solution? Golgi apparatus: particles composed of
Discuss protein and RNA; synthesizes proteins
o A. o D.
The cell will shrink Mitochondrion: nonmembranous
o B. structure that synthesizes proteins
The cell will swell and may eventually
burst  43.
o C. Osmosis is defined as the movement of
Nothing; the cell will remain the same Discuss
size and shape o A.
o D. Molecules from high concentration to a
Only permeable substances will leave low concentration
the cell; otherwise the concentrations o B.
within the cell do not change Water molecules from a high
concentration to a low concentration
 39. through a selectively permeable
In what phase of mitosis do the chromosomes membrane
duplicate? o C.
Discuss Water molecules from a low
o A. concentration to a high concentration
Prophase through a selectively permeable
o B. membrane
 o D. o A.
Ions from a low pressure region to a True
high pressure region through a o B.
selectively permeable membrane False

 44.  50.
The relationship of osmotic pressure and the The movement of sodium ions from a region of
number of solute particles in a solution is lower concentration inside a cell toward a region
Discuss of higher concentration outside the cell is
o A. accomplished by
The lower the number of solute
particles, the greater the osmotic  51.
pressure The outer membrane of the rough endoplasmic
o B. reticulum has organelles called __________
The greater the number of solute attached to it.
particles, the lower the osmotic pressure
o C.  52.
The greater the osmotic pressure, the In dehydration synthesis of a carbohydrate,
lower the number of solute particles o A.
o D. Larger molecules are decomposed into
The greater the number of solute smaller ones
particles, the greater the osmotic o B.
pressure Monosaccharides become joined
together
 45. o C.
A hypertonic solution Water molecules become joined to
o A. monosaccharide molecules
Has a greater concentration of solute o D.
particles than the cells in the solution The molecule is decomposed in to CO2
o B. and H2O
Would cause cells in the solution to lose
water or become shrunken  53.
o C. When a sucrose molecule is decomposed to yield
Has greater osmotic pressure than do a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule,
the cells in the solution o A.
o D. The process involves dehydration
All of the above synthesis
o B.
 46. A water molecule is released
Lipids are synthesized in o C.
o A. A water molecule is used
The Golgi apparatus o D.
o B. None of the above
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum
o C.  54.
The rough endoplasmic reticulum The reactions of anaerobic respiration occur in the
o D. o A.
The liver Cytoplasm
o B.
 47. Mitochondria
Cytoplasm occurs between the cell membrane o C.
and the nuclear envelope of a cell Nucleus
o A. o D.
True All of the above
o B.
False  55.
Which of the following substances increases in
 48. amount during cellular respiration?
A cell that secretes a large quantity of protein, Discuss
would have a larger number of lysosomes for this o A. ATP
function
o A.  56.
True Which of the following is an example of
o B. catabolism?
False o A.
The synthesis of the cell membrane
 49. from precursor molecules
A 5% glucose solution is isotonic to human cells o B.
 The oxidation of glucose in the o D.
cytoplasm and mitochondria Cytoplasm without O2 needed;
o C. mitochondria with O2 needed
The formation of secretory proteins in
the pancreas  61.
o D. The process of copying DNA information into the
The duplication of DNA molecules in the structure of the mRNA molecule is called which of
nucleus the following?
o A.
 57. Translation
What is the function of ADP molecules living in o B.
cells? Synthesis
Discuss o C.
o A. Replication
They form a genetic material important o D.
for reproduction Transcription
o B.
They act to "capture" energy from  62.
the oxidation of fuels to be used in During the anaerobic phase of respiration, pyruvic
other cell processes acid is transformed in to glucose
o C. Discuss
They act as coenzymes so that the fats o A.
can be synthesized. True
o D. o B.
They are an integral part of the cell False
membrane, important in the transport of
water molecules.  63.
An ATP molecule consists of an adenine, a ribose
 58. and 3 phosphates.
In the citric acid cycle, o A.
o A. True
Carbon dioxide is released o B.
o B. False
Hydrogen atoms are released
o C.  64.
2 ATP's form Which of the following is not one of the 4 basic
o D. body tissues
All of the above o A.
Epithelial tissue
 59. o B.
Cellular respiration is defined as the process by Connective tissue
which o C.
o A. Brain tissue
Energy is released from molecules and o D.
is transferred to other molecules Muscle tissue
o B.
Cells breathe, or take in O2 and give off  65.
CO2 A basement membrane occurs between
o C. o A.
Cells produce energy from O2 and Muscle and nerve tissue
absorb heat. o B.
o D. Epithelial and connective tissue
Energy is absorbed from glucose and is o C.
transferred to CO2 Connective tissue and muscle tissue
o D.
 60. Brain and nervous tissue
Anaerobic respiration involves chemical reactions
in ____________, where as aerobic respiration  66.
involves reactions in ____________. Epithelial tissue functions in
Discuss o A.
o A. Secretion
Mitochondria; cytplasm with O2 needed o B.
o B. Absorption
Cytoplasm without O2 needed; o C.
cytoplasm with CO2 required Protection
o C. o D.
Mitochondria without O2 needed; All of the above
mitochondria with O2 needed
 67. o B.
The muscle tissue that can be consciously Mucous
controlled is o C.
Discuss Serous
o A. o D.
Smooth Cutaneous
o B.
Skeletal  75.
o C. The primary means by which body heat is lost
Intercalated o A.
o D. Conduction
None of the above o B.
Convection
 68. o C.
Connective tissue fibers are produced by Evaporation
o A. o D.
Macrophages Radiation
o B.
Mast cells  76.
o C. Which of the following is a normal response to
Fibroblasts excessive loss of body heat in a cold
o D. environment?
All of the above o A.
Dermal blood vessels become
 69. constricted
A general characteristic of connective tissue is o B.
that it Sweat glands become inactive
o A. o C.
Consists of cells with much intercellular Skeletal muscles contract involuntarily
material between tehm o D.
o B. All of the above
Has no blood supply to the tissue
o C.  77.
Covers the outside of organs Exposure to ultraviolet light causes the skin to
o D. darken by stimulating the production of
Commonly is found lining body cavities o A.
Melanin
 70. o B.
Adipose tissue is a specialized form of Carotene
o A. o C.
Fibrous connective tissue Hemoglobin
o B. o D.
Elastic connective tissue Cyanin
o C.
Loose connective tissue  78.
o D. An example of a serous membrane is
Reticular connective tissue o A.
The nasal membranes that secrete
 71. mucous
Epithelial tissues are characterized by a lack of o B.
blood vessels The linings of the gastrointestinal
o A. system
True o C.
o B. The lining of the thorax
False o D.
The membranes covering joint cavities
 72. in the knee
The tissue that covers all body surfaces is
 79.
 73. Sweat functions to cool the body by
A single layer of flattened epithelium would o A.
constitute the tissue called Convection
o B.
Conduction
 74.
Membranes lining the body cavities that lack
o C.
Evaporation
openings to the outside are called
o A. o D.
Radiation
Synovial
 o D.
 80. Lining joint cavities; covering the
Which of the following layers of the epidermis surface of the body
consists of a single row of columnar cells that
undergo mitosis and includes pigment producing  85.
melanocytes? Epidermis is distinguished by being
Discuss _____________, whereas the dermis is
o A. distinguished by being __________.
Stratum corneum o A.
o B. The innermost layer of the skin; under
Stratum granulosum the dermis
o C. o B.
Stratum spinosum Composed of largely fibrous connective
o D. tissue; composed of stratified squamous
Stratum germinativum epithelial tissue
o C.
 81. The outermost layer of skin; composed
Shafts of hair are composed of of stratified squamous epithelial tissue
o A. o D.
Living dermal cells Composed of stratified squamous
o B. epithelial tissue; composed of fibrous
Dead dermal cells connective tissue.
o C.
Living epidermal cells  86.
o D. A hair is distinguished from a hair follicle by
Dead epidermal cells Discuss
o A.
 82. Being composed of living stratified
Eccrine sweat glands differ from sebaceous squamous cells, whereas a hair follicle
glands is composed of dead dermal cells
o A. o B.
In terms of what is secreted Originating in the subcutaneous layer,
o B. whereas a hair follicle originates in the
In their location in the body dermis
o C. o C.
Because subaceous glands are Strictly the position, with the hair being
associated with hair follicles, sweat in the center of the follicle
glands are not. o D.
o D. Being composed of dead epidermal
All of the above cells, whereas a hair follicle is
composed of living dermal cells
 83.
Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from  87.
blood vessels located in the The subcutaneous layer can be described as
o A. o A.
Epidermis Being composed of loose connective
o B. tissue and adipose tissue
Dermis o B.
o C. The skin
Subcutaneous layer o C.
o D. Functioning as a heat insulator or
All of the above helping to conserve body heat
o D.
 84. All of the above
Serous membranes are characterized by
__________, whereas mucous membranes are  88.
characterized by____________. The tough layer of waterproof material that makes
o A. up the outermost portion of the wpidermis is called
Lining body cavities that lack openings the stratum lucidum
to the outside; lining body cavities and o A.
tubes opening to the outside True
o B. o B.
Being composed of connective tissue False
only; being composed of epithelial
tissue only  89.
o C. The outermost layer of the epidermis is stratum
Secreting synovial fluid that lubricates basale and the innermost layer is the stratum
the joint surfaces; secreting mucous corneum
o A.
True
o B.
False