1.

(a) (i) s=1 A1 N1

(ii) evidence of appropriate approach (M1)

e.g. 21–16, 12 + 8 – q =15
q=5 A1 N2

(iii) p = 7, r = 3 A1A1 N2 5

5
(b) (i) P(art|music) = A2 N2
8

(ii) METHOD 1
12  3 
P(art ) = =  A1
16  4 

evidence of correct reasoning R1

3 5
e.g. ≠
4 8
the events are not independent AG N0

METHOD 2
96  3 
P(art) × P(music) = =  A1
256  8 

evidence of correct reasoning R1

12 8 5
e.g. × ≠
16 16 16
the events are not independent AG N0 4

3
(c) P(first takes only music) = = (seen anywhere) A1
16
7
P(second takes only art)= (seen anywhere) A1
15
evidence of valid approach (M1)
3 7
e.g. ×
16 15
21  7 
P(music and art)= =  A1 N2 4
240  80 
[13]

IB Questionbank Maths SL 1
2. (a) (i) n = 0.1 A1 N1

(ii) m = 0.2, p = 0.3, q = 0.4 A1A1A1 N3 4

(b) appropriate approach

e.g. P(B′) =1– P(B), m + q, 1–(n + p) (M1)
P(B′) = 0.6 A1 N2 2
[6]

3. (a) (i) p = 0.2 A1 N1

(ii) q = 0.4 A1 N1

(iii) r = 0.1 A1 N1

2
(b) P(A│B′) = A2 N2
3

0.2
Note: Award A1 for an unfinished answer such as .
0.3

(c) valid reason R1

2
e.g. ≠ 0.5, 0.35 ≠ 0.3
3
thus, A and B are not independent AG N0
[6]

7
4. (a) (i) A1 N1
24

IB Questionbank Maths SL 2
 (ii) evidence of multiplying along the branches (M1)
2 5 1 7
e.g. × , ×
3 8 3 8
adding probabilities of two mutually exclusive paths (M1)
1 7   2 3  1 1  2 5
e.g.  ×  +  × ,  ×  +  × 
3 8  3 8 3 8  3 8
13
P(F) = A1 N2
24

1 1
(b) (i) × (A1)
3 8
1
A1
24

(ii) recognizing this is P(E│F) (M1)

7 13
e.g. ÷
24 24
168  7 
=  A2 N3
312  13 

(c)
X (cost in euros) 0 3 6
1 4 4
P (X)
9 9 9

A2A1 N3

(d) correct substitution into E(X) formula (M1)

1 4 4 12 24
e.g. 0 × + 3× + 6 × , +
9 9 9 9 9
E(X) = 4 (euros) A1 N2
[14]

4
5. (a) p= A1 N1
5

IB Questionbank Maths SL 3
 (b) multiplying along the branches (M1)
1 1 12
e.g. × ,
5 4 40
adding products of probabilities of two mutually exclusive paths (M1)
1 1 4 3 1 12
e.g. × + × , +
5 4 5 8 20 40
14  7 
P(B) = =  A1 N2
40  20 

(c) appropriate approach which must include A′ (may be seen on diagram) (M1)
P( A ′ ∩ B )  P( A ∩ B) 
e.g.  do not accept 
P( B )  P( B) 
4 3
×
P(A′│B) = 5 8 (A1)
7
20
12  6 
P(A′│B) = =  A1 N2
14  7 
[7]

6. (a) appropriate approach (M1)

e.g. tree diagram or a table
P(win) = P(H ∩ W) + P(A ∩ W)) (M1)
= (0.65)(0.83) + (0.35)(0.26) A1
= 0.6305 (or 0.631) A1 N2

(b) evidence of using complement (M1)

e.g. 1 – p, 0.3695
choosing a formula for conditional probability (M1)
P(W ′ ∩ H )
e.g. P(H│W′) =
P(W ′)

correct substitution
(0.65)(0.17)  0.1105 
e.g. =  A1
0.3695  0.3695 
P(home) = 0.299 A1 N3
[8]

IB Questionbank Maths SL 4
7. (a) (i) correct calculation (A1)
9 5 2 4+ 2+3+3
e.g. + − ,
20 20 20 20

12  3 
P(male or tennis) = =  A1 N2
20  5 

(ii) correct calculation (A1)

6 11 3 + 3
e.g. ÷ ,
20 20 11

6
P(not football | female) = A1 N2
11

11 10
(b) P(first not football) = , P(second not football) = A1
20 19

11 10
P(neither football) = × A1
20 19

110  11 
P(neither football) = =  A1 N1
380  38 
[7]

8. (a) (i) number of ways of getting X = 6 is 5 (A1)

5
P(X = 6) = A1 N2
36

(ii) number of ways of getting X > 6 is 21 (A1)

21  7 
P(X > 6) = =  A1 N2
36  12 

6  3
(iii) P(X =7|X > 5) = =  A2 N2
26  13 

IB Questionbank Maths SL 5
 (b) evidence of substituting into E(X) formula (M1)
10
finding P(X < 6) = (seen anywhere) (A2)
36
evidence of using E(W) = 0 (M1)
correct substitution A2
 5   21   10 
e.g. 3  + 1  − k   = 0 , 15 + 21 – 10k = 0
 36   36   36 
36
k= (= 3.6) A1 N4
10
[13]

9. (a)
46
(= 0.474) A1A1 N2
97

(b)
13
(= 0.255) A1A1 N2
51

(c)
59
(= 0.608) A2 N2
97
[6]

10. (a)
19
(= 0.158) A1 N1
120

(b) 35 − (8 + 5 + 7)(= 15) (M1)

15  3 1 
Probability = = = = 0.125  A1 N2
120  24 8 

(c) Number studying = 76 (A1)

Number not studying = 120 − number studying = 44 (M1)
44  11 
Probability = = = 0.367  A1 N3
120  30 
[6]

IB Questionbank Maths SL 6
11. (a)

3/9 A

A
4/10
6/9
B

4/9 A
6/10
B

5/9
B
A1A1A1 N3

 4 6  6 4
(b)  × + ×  M1M1
 10 9   10 9 

48  8 
=  , 0.533  A1 N1
90  15 
[6]

20
12. (a) P(PC) = A1
20 + 40

1
= A1 N1
3

30
(b) P(PC′) = A1
30 + 60

1
= A1 N1
3

IB Questionbank Maths SL 7
 (c) Investigating conditions, or some relevant calculations (M1)
P is independent of C, with valid reason A1 N2
eg P(PC) = P(PC′), P(PC) = P(P),
20 50 60
= × (ie P(P ∩ C) = P(P) × P(C))
150 150 150
[6]

13. (a)
3
R
5

M
1
3
2
5 G
2
R
10
2
3
N

8
10 G

A1A1A1 N3

1 2 2
(b) (i) P(M and G) = × (= = 0.133) A1 N1
3 5 15

1 2 2 8
(ii) P(G) = × + × (A1)(A1)
3 5 3 10

10  2 
=  = = 0.667  A1 N3
15  3 

2
P( M ∩ G ) 15
(iii) P(M  G) = = (A1)(A1)
P(G ) 2
3

1
= or 0.2 A1 N3
5

IB Questionbank Maths SL 8
 2 1
(c) P(R) = 1 − = (A1)
3 3
Evidence of using a correct formula M1
1 2  1 3 2 2 1 2 2 8
E(win) = 2 × + 5 ×  or 2 × × + 2 × × + 5 × × + 5 × ×  A1
3 3  3 5 3 10 3 5 3 10 

 12 60 
= $4  accept ,  A1 N2
 3 15 
[14]

2
14. (a) Using E(X) = ∑ x P(X = x)
0
(M1)

3 6 1
Substituting correctly E(X) = 0 × + 1× + 2 × A1
10 10 10
= 0.8 A1 N2

(b) (i)

A1A1A1 N3
Note: Award A1 for each complementary pair of
probabilities,
4 2 3 2 4 1
i.e. and , and , and .
6 6 5 5 5 5

IB Questionbank Maths SL 9
 2 1 2
(ii) P(Y = 0) = × = A1
5 5 30
 4 2 2 4
P(Y = 1) = P(RG) + P(GR)  = × + ×  M1
 6 5 6 5
16
= A1
30
4 3 12
P(Y = 2) = × = (A1)
6 5 30
For forming a distribution M1

y 0 1 2
2 16 12
P(Y = y)
30 30 30

N4

2  1
(c) P(Bag A) = =  (A1)
6  3
4  2
P(Bag B) = =  (A1)
6  3
For summing P(A ∩ RR) and P(B ∩ RR) (M1)
1 1 2 12
Substituting correctly P(RR) = × + × A1
3 10 3 30
= 0.3 A1 N3

P( A ∩ RR)
(d) For recognising that P(1 or 6 │ RR) = P(A│RR) = (M1)
P( RR)
1 27
= ÷ A1
30 90
= 0.111 A1 N2
[19]

2
15. (a) Using E(X) = ∑ x P( X = x)
0
(M1)

Substituting correctly E(X) = 0 × 3 + 1 × 6 + 2 × 1 A1

10 10 10

= 8 (0.8) A1 3
10

IB Questionbank Maths SL 10
 (b) (i)
3
5 R

R
4
6 2 G
5

4
2 5 R
6
G

1 G
5 A1A1A1 3
Note: Award (A1) for each complementary pair of
probabilities,
ie 4 and 2 , 3 and 2 , 4 and 1 .
6 6 5 5 5 5

(ii) P(Y = 0) = 2 × 1 = 2 A1
5 5 30

P(Y = 1) = P(RG) + P(GR)  = 4 × 2 + 2 × 4  M1

 6 5 6 5

= 16 A1
30

P(Y = 2) = 4 × 3 = 12 (A1)
6 5 30
For forming a distribution M1 5

y 0 1 2

P(Y = y) 2 16 12
30 30 30

(c) P(Bag A) = 2  = 1  (A1)

6  3

P(BagA B) = 4  = 2  (A1)
6  3

For summing P(A ∩ RR) and P(B ∩ RR) (M1)

Substituting correctly P(RR) = 1 × 1 + 2 × 12 A1

3 10 3 30

= 27  3 , 0.3  A1 5
90  10 

IB Questionbank Maths SL 11
 P( A ∩ RR )
(d) For recognising that P(1 or 6|RR) = P(A|RR) = (M1)
P( RR)

= 1 ÷ 27 A1
30 90

= 3  1 , 0.111 A1 3
27 9 
[19]

80  8 
16. (a) (i) P ( A) = =  = 0.381 (A1) (N1)
210  21 

35  1 
(ii) P (year 2 art) = =  = 0.167  (A1) (N1)
210  6 

(iii) No (the events are not independent, or, they are dependent) (A1) (N1)
EITHER
P ( A ∩ B ) = P ( A) × P( B ) (to be independent) (M1)

100  10 
P ( B) =  = = 0.476  (A1)
210  21 

1 8 10
≠ × (A1)
6 21 21

OR
P(A)=P(A B ) (to be independent) (M1)

35
P (A B) = (A1)
100

8 35
≠ (A1)
21 100

IB Questionbank Maths SL 12
 OR
P (B )=P (B A) (to be independent) (M1)

100  10  35
P ( B) =  = = 0.476  , P(B A) = (A1)
210  21  80

35 100
≠ (A1) 6
80 210
Note: Award the first (M1) only for a mathematical
interpretation of independence.

(b) n (history) = 85 (A1)

50  10 
P (year 1 history) = =  = 0.588  (A1) (N2) 2
85  17 

 110 100   100 110   110 100 

(c)  × + ×   = 2× ×  (M1)(A1)(A1)
 210 209   210 209   210 209 

200
= ( = 0.501) (A1) (N2) 4
399
[12]

17. (a)
1
4 L

7
W
8
3
4 L'
3
5 L
1
8
W'
2
5 L' (A1)(A1)(A1)(A1) 4
 7 1 3
Note: Award (A1) for the given probabilities  , ,  in the
8 4 5
correct positions, and (A1) for each bold value.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 13
 7 1 1 3
(b) Probability that Dumisani will be late is × + × (A1)(A1)
8 4 8 5
47
= (0.294) (A1) (N2) 3
160

P(W ∩ L)
(c) P(WL) =
P( L)
7 1
P(W ∩ L) = × (A1)
8 4
47
P(L) = (A1)
160
7
P(WL) = 32 (M1)
47
160
35
= (= 0.745) (A1) (N3) 4
47
[11]

18. (a)
Grows
0.9

Red
0.4

0.1 Does not grow

Grows
0.8

0.6
Yellow

0.2 Does not grow

(A3) (N3) 3

IB Questionbank Maths SL 14
 (b) (i) 0.4 × 0.9 (A1)
= 0.36 (A1) (N2)
(ii) 0.36 + 0.6 × 0.8 (= 0.36 + 0.48) (A1)

= 0.84 (A1) (N1)

P(red ∩ grows)
(iii) (may be implied) (M1)
P(grows)

0.36
= (A1)
0.84

 3
= 0.429   (A1) (N2) 7
7
[10]

19. (a)

U(88)
E(32) H(28)

a b c

39

n (E ∪ H) = a + b + c = 88 – 39 = 49 (M1)
n (E ∪ H) = 32 + 28 – b = 49
60 – 49 = b = 11 (A1)
a = 32 – 11 = 21 (A1)
c = 28 – 11 = 17 (A1) 4
Note: Award (A3) for correct answers with no working.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 15
 11 1
(b) (i) P(E ∩ H) = = (A1)
88 8
21
P(H '∩ E ) 88
(ii) P(H′E) = = (M1)
P( E ) 32
88
21
= (= 0.656) (A1)
32
OR
21
Required probability = (A1)(A1) 3
32

56 × 55 × 54
(c) (i) P(none in economics) = (M1)(A1)
88 × 87 × 86
= 0.253 (A1)
3
 56 
Notes: Award (M0)(A0)(A1)(ft) for   = 0.258.
 88 
56 × 55 × 54
Award no marks for .
88 × 88 × 88

(ii) P(at least one) = 1 – 0.253 (M1)

= 0.747 (A1)
OR
 32 56 55   32 31 56  32 31 30
3 × ×  + 3 × ×  + × × (M1)
 88 87 86   88 87 86  88 87 86
= 0.747 (A1) 5
[12]

20. P(different colours) = 1 – [P(GG) + P(RR) + P(WW)] (M1)

 10 9 10 9 6 5 
=1–  × + × + ×  (A1)
 6 25 26 25 26 25 
 210 
=1–   (A1)
 650 
44
= (= 0.677, to 3 sf) (A1) (C4)
65

IB Questionbank Maths SL 16
 OR
P(different colours) = P(GR) + P(RG) + P(GW) + P(WG) + P(RW) + P(WR) (A1)
 10 6   10 10 
= 4 ×  + 2 ×  (A1)(A1)
 26 25   26 25 
44
= (= 0.677, to 3 sf) (A1) (C4)
65
[4]

21. (a) U

B
A

(A1) (C1)

(b) n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) – n(A ∩ B)

65 = 30 + 50 – n(A ∩ B)
⇒ n(A ∩ B) = 15 (may be on the diagram) (M1)
n(B ∩ A′) = 50 – 15 = 35 (A1) (C2)

n( B ∩ A′) 35
(c) P(B ∩ A′) = = = 0.35 (A1) (C1)
n(U ) 100
[4]

22. (a)

0.6

0.4 0.4

0.6 0.5

0.5
(A1) (C1)

IB Questionbank Maths SL 17
 (b) P(B) = 0.4(0.6) + 0.6 (0.5) = 0.24 + 0.30 (M1)
= 0.54 (A1) (C2)

P( B ∩ C ) 0.24 4
(c) P(CB) = = = (= 0.444, 3 sf) (A1) (C1)
P( B) 0.54 9
[4]

23. (a)
6, 6 1
6
1– 36
6
6
1–
6 –5
6 5
not 6 6, not 6
36
not 6, 6 5
6
1– 36
6
–5
6 not 6

–5
6
not 6 not 6, not 6 25
36

(M2) (C2)
1 5
Notes: Award (M1) for probabilities , correctly entered on
6 6
diagram.
Award (M1) for correctly listing the outcomes 6, 6; 6 not 6; not
6, 6; not 6, not 6, or the corresponding probabilities.

1 1 1 5 5 1  5 5
(b) P(one or more sixes) = × + × + × or 1 − ×  (M1)
6 6 6 6 6 6  6 6
11
= (A1) (C2)
36
[4]

IB Questionbank Maths SL 18
24. (a)

A B

(A1) (C1)

(b) (i) n ( A ∩ B) = 2 (A1) (C1)

2  1
(ii) P(A ∩ B) =  or  (allow ft from (b)(i)) (A1) (C1)
36  18 

(c) n(A ∩ B) ≠ 0 (or equivalent) (R1) (C1)

[4]

25. (a) evidence of valid approach involving A and B (M1)

e.g. P(A ∩ pass) + P(B ∩ pass), tree diagram
correct expression (A1)
e.g. P(pass) = 0.6 × 0.8 + 0.4 × 0.9
P(pass) = 0.84 A1 N2 3

(b) evidence of recognizing complement (seen anywhere) (M1)

e.g. P(B) = x, P(A) = 1 – x, 1 – P(B), 100 – x, x + y =1
evidence of valid approach (M1)
e.g. 0.8(1 – x) + 0.9x, 0.8x + 0.9y
correct expression A1
e.g. 0.87 = 0.8(1 – x) + 0.9x, 0.8 × 0.3 + 0.9 × 0.7 = 0.87, 0.8x + 0.9y = 0.87
70 % from B A1 N2 4
[7]

IB Questionbank Maths SL 19
26. (a)
Second die
in pair
First die
in pair 1 four
6

four
1
6 5
6 not
four

1 four
5 6
6 not
four

5
6 not
four
A1A1A1 N3
Note: Award A1 for each pair of complementary
probabilities.

1 5 5 1  5 5
(b) P(E) = × + × = +  (A2)
6 6 6 6  36 36 

10  5 
=  = or 0.278  A1 N3
36  18 

(c) Evidence of recognizing the binomial distribution (M1)

 5 5 13
eg X ~ B 5 ,  or p = , q =
 18  18 18
3 2
 5   5   13 
P(X = 3) =       (or other evidence of correct setup) (A1)
 3   18   18 
= 0.112 A1 N3

IB Questionbank Maths SL 20
 (d) METHOD 1
Evidence of using the complement M1
eg P(X ≥ 3) = 1 − P(X ≤ 2)
Correct value 1 − 0.865 (A1)
= 0.135 A1 N2
METHOD 2
Evidence of adding correct probabilities M1
eg P(X ≥ 3) = P(X = 3) + P(X = 4) + P(X = 5)
Correct values 0.1118 + 0.02150 + 0.001654 (A1)
= 0.135 A1 N2
[12]

1
27. (a) P(A) = A1 N1
11

2
(b) P(B│A) = A2 N2
10

(c) recognising that P(A ∩ B) = P(A) × P(B│A) (M1)

correct values (A1)
1 2
e.g. P(A ∩ B) = ×
11 10
2
P(A ∩ B) =
110
A1 N3
[6]

28. (a)
3, 9 4, 9 5, 9
3, 10 4, 10 5, 10
3, 10 4, 10 5, 10

A2 N2

(b) 12, 13, 14, 15 (accept 12, 13, 13, 13, 14, 14, 14, 15, 15) A2 N2

1 3 3 2
(c) P(12) = , P(13) = , P(14) = , P(15) = A2 N2
9 9 9 9

IB Questionbank Maths SL 21
 (d) correct substitution into formula for E(X) A1
1 3 3 2
e.g. E(S) = 12 × + 13 × + 14 × + 15 ×
9 9 9 9
123
E(S) = A2 N2
9

(e) METHOD 1
correct expression for expected gain E(A) for 1 game (A1)
4 5
e.g. × 50 − × 30
9 9
50
E(A) =
9
amount at end = expected gain for 1 game × 36 (M1)
= 200 (dollars) A1 N2

METHOD 2
attempt to find expected number of wins and losses (M1)
4 5
e.g. × 36, × 36
5 9
attempt to find expected gain E(G) (M1)
e.g. 16 × 50 – 30 × 20
E(G) = 200 (dollars) A1 N2
[12]

29. (a) (i) evidence of substituting into n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) – n(A ∩ B) (M1)
e.g. 75 + 55 – 100, Venn diagram
30 A1 N2

(ii) 45 A1 N1

(b) (i) METHOD 1

evidence of using complement, Venn diagram (M1)
e.g. 1 – p, 100 – 30
70  7 
=  A1 N2
100  10 

IB Questionbank Maths SL 22
 METHOD 2
attempt to find P(only one sport), Venn diagram (M1)
25 45
e.g. +
100 100
70  7 
=  A1 N2
100  10 

45  9 
(ii) =  A2 N2
70  14 

(c) valid reason in words or symbols (R1)

e. g. P(A ∩ B) = 0 if mutually exclusive, P(A ∩ B) if not mutually exclusive
correct statement in words or symbols A1 N2
e.g. P(A ∩ B) = 0.3, P(A ∪ B) ≠ P(A) + P(B), P(A) + P(B) > 1, some
students play both sports, sets intersect

(d) valid reason for independence (R1)

e.g. P(A ∩ B) = P(A) × P(B), P(B│A) = P(B)
correct substitution A1A1 N3
30 75 55 30 75
e.g. ≠ × , ≠
100 100 100 55 100
[12]

3
30. (a) (i) P(B) = A1 N1
4

1
(ii) P(R) = A1 N1
4

3
(b) p= A1 N1
4

1 3
s= , t= A1 N1
4 4

IB Questionbank Maths SL 23
 (c) (i) P(X = 3)
1 3
= P (getting 1 and 2) = × A1
4 4

3
= AG N0
16

1 1 3  3
(ii) P(X = 2) = × +  or 1 −  (A1)
4 4 4  16 

13
= A1 N2
16

(d) (i)

X 2 3
P(X = x) 13 3
16 16

A2 N2

(ii) evidence of using E(X) = ∑xP(X = x) (M1)

 13   3 
E(X) = 2  + 3  (A1)
 16   16 

35  3
= = 2  A1 N2
16  16 

(e) win $10 ⇒ scores 3 one time, 2 other time (M1)

13 3
P(3) × P(2) = × (seen anywhere) A1
16 16
evidence of recognizing there are different ways of winning $10 (M1)

 13 3 
e.g. P(3) × P(2) + P(2) × P(3), 2 × ,
 16 16 
36 3 36 3
+ + +
256 256 256 256

78  39 
P(win $10) = =  A1 N3
256  128 
[16]

IB Questionbank Maths SL 24
31. (a) evidence of binomial distribution (seen anywhere) (M1)

 1
e.g. X ~ B  3, 
 4

mean =
3
(= 0.75) A1 N2
4

2
 3 1   3 
(b) P(X = 2) =       (A1)
 2 4   4 

 9 
P(X = 2) = 0.141 =  A1 N2
 64 

(c) evidence of appropriate approach M1

e.g. complement, 1 − P(X = 0), adding probabilities

 27 
P(X = 0) = (0.75)3  = 0.422 ,  (A1)
 64 

 37 
P(X ≥ 1) = 0.578 =  A1 N2
 64 
[7]

IB Questionbank Maths SL 25
32. METHOD 1
for independence P(A ∩ B) = P(A) × P(B) (R1)
expression for P(A ∩ B), indicating P(B) = 2P(A) (A1)
e.g. P(A) × 2P(A), x × 2x
substituting into P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A ∩ B) (M1)
correct substitution A1
e.g. 0.52 = x + 2x – 2x2, 0.52 = P(A) + 2P(A) – 2P(A)P(A)
correct solutions to the equation (A2)
e.g. 0.2, 1.3 (accept the single answer 0.2)
P(B) = 0.4 A1 N6
METHOD 2
for independence P(A ∩ B) = P(A) × P(B) (R1)
1
expression for P(A ∩ B), indicating P(A) = P(B) (A1)
2
1 1
e.g. P(B) × P(B), x × x
2 2
substituting into P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A ∩ B) (M1)
correct substitution A1
e.g. 0.52 = 0.5x + x – 0.5x2, 0.52 = 0.5P(B) + P(B) – 0.5P(B)P(B)
correct solutions to the equation (A2)
e.g. 0.4, 2.6 (accept the single answer 0.4)
P(B) = 0.4 (accept x = 0.4 if x set up as P(B)) A1 N6
[7]

33. (a) P(A ∩ B) = P(A) × P(B) (= 0.6x) A1 N1

(b) (i) evidence of using P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A)P(B) (M1)

correct substitution A1
e.g. 0.80 = 0.6 + x – 0.6x, 0.2 = 0.4x
x = 0.5 A1 N2

(ii) P(A ∩ B) = 0.3 A1 N1

(c) valid reason, with reference to P(A ∩ B) R1 N1

e.g. P(A ∩ B) ≠ 0
[6]

3
34. (a) A1 N1
4

IB Questionbank Maths SL 26
 (b) P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A ∩ B) (M1)
P(A ∩ B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A ∪ B)
2 3 7
= + − A1
5 4 8

11
= (0.275) A1 N2
40

 11 
P( A ∩ B)  40 
(c) P(A  B) = = A1
P( B)  3 
 
 4 

11
= (0.367) A1 N1
30
[6]

35. (a) P(F ∪ S) = 1 − 0.14 (= 0.86) (A1)

Choosing an appropriate formula (M1)
eg P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A ∩ B)
Correct substitution
eg P(F ∩ S) = 0.93 − 0.86 A1
P(F ∩ S) = 0.07 AG N0
Notes: There are several valid approaches. Award
(A1)(M1)A1 for relevant working using any
appropriate strategy eg formula, Venn
Diagram, or table.
Award no marks for the incorrect solution
P(F ∩ S) = 1 − P(F) + P(S) = 1 − 0.93 = 0.07

(b) Using conditional probability (M1)

 P (F ∩ S ) 
eg P(F | S)  = 
 P ( S ) 

0.07
P(F | S) = (A1)
0.62
= 0.113 A1 N3

IB Questionbank Maths SL 27
 (c) F and S are not independent A1 N1
EITHER
If independent P(F | S) = P(F), 0.113 ≠ 0.31 R1R1 N2
OR
If independent P(F ∩ S) = P(F) P(S), 0.07 ≠ 0.31 × 0.62 (= 0.1922) R1R1 N2

(d) Let P(F) = x

P(S) = 2P(F) (= 2x) (A1)
For independence P(F ∩ S) = P(F)P(S) (= 2x2) (R1)
Attempt to set up a quadratic equation (M1)
eg P(F ∪ S) = P(F)P(S) − P(F)P(S), 0.86 = x + 2x − 2x2
2x2 − 3x + 0.86 = 0 A2
x = 0.386, x = 1.11 (A1)
P(F) = 0.386 (A1) N5
[16]

36. (a) Independent ⇒ P(A ∩ B) = P(A) × P(B) (= 0.3 × 0.8) (M1)

= 0.24 A1 N2

(b) P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A ∩ B) (= 0.3 + 0.8 − 0.24) M1

= 0.86 A1 N1

(c) No, with valid reason A2 N2

eg P(A ∩ B) ≠ 0 or P(A ∪ B) ≠ P(A) + P(B) or correct
numerical equivalent
[6]

37. (a) For attempting to use the formula (P(E ∩ F) = P(E)P(F)) (M1)
Correct substitution or rearranging the formula A1
1
1 2 P (E ∩ F )
eg = P(F), P(F) = , P(F) = 3
3 3 P (E ) 2
3

1
P(F) = A1 N2
2

IB Questionbank Maths SL 28
 (b) For attempting to use the formula (P(E ∪ F) = P(E) + P(F)
− (P(E ∩ F)) (M1)
2 1 1
P(E ∪ F) = + − A1
3 2 3

=
5
(= 0.833) A1 N2
6
[6]

38. Total number of possible outcomes = 36 (may be seen anywhere) (A1)

(a) P ( E ) = P (1,1) + P (2, 2) + P (3, 3) + P (4, 4) + P (5, 5) + P (6, 6)

6
= (A1) (C2)
36

(b) P ( F ) = P (6, 4) + P (5, 5) + P (4, 6)

3
= (A1) (C1)
36

(c) P ( E ∪ F ) = P (E) + P (F ) − P (E ∩ F )

1
P (E ∩ F ) = (A1)
36

6 3 1  8 2 
P(E ∪ F ) = + − = = , 0.222  (M1)(A1) (C3)
36 36 36  36 9 
[6]

 13   12   11   10 
39. Correct probabilities   ,   ,   ,   (A1)(A1)(A1)(A1)
 24   23   22   21 

 13 12 11 10 
Multiplying  × × ×  (M1)
 24 23 22 21 

17160  65 
P(4 girls) = = = 0.0673  (A1) (C6)
255024  966 
[6]

IB Questionbank Maths SL 29
40. For using P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A ∩ B) (M1)
Let P(A) = x then P(B) = 3x
P(A ∩ B) = P(A) × 3P(A) (= 3x2) (A1)
0.68 = x + 3x − 3x2 (A1)
3x2 − 4x + 0.68 = 0
x = 0.2 ( x = 1.133, not possible) (A2)
P(B) = 3x = 0.6 (A1) (C6)
[6]

41. (a)

(A1)(A1)(A1)

1 4  4 
(b) (i) P(R ∩ S) = × = = 0.267  (A1) (N1)
3 5  15 

1 4 2 1
(ii) P(S) = × + × (A1)(A1)
3 5 3 4

13
= (= 0.433) (A1) (N3)
30

4
(iii) P(R S) = 15 (A1)(A1)
13
30

8
= (= 0.615) (A1) (N3)
13
[10]

IB Questionbank Maths SL 30
42. (a) P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A ∩ B) (M1)
1 3 7
P(A ∩ B) = + −
2 4 8
3
= (A1) (C2)
8

 3
 
P( A ∩ B)  8
(b) P(AB) = = (M1)
P( B)  3
 
 4
1
= (A1) (C2)
2

(c) Yes, the events are independent (A1) (C1)

EITHER
P(AB) = P(A) (R1) (C1)
OR
P(A ∩ B) = P(A)P(B) (R1) (C1)
[6]

43. (a) Independent (I) (C2)

(b) Mutually exclusive (M) (C2)
(c) Neither (N) (C2)
Note: Award part marks if the candidate shows understanding
of I and/or M
eg I P(A ∩ B) = P(A)P(B) (M1)
M P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) (M1)
[6]

IB Questionbank Maths SL 31
 7 6 7 
44. P(RR) = × =  (M1)(A1)
12 11  22 
5 4 5
P(YY) = × =  (M1)(A1)
12 11  33 
P (same colour) = P(RR) + P(YY) (M1)
31
= (= 0.470, 3 sf) (A1) (C6)
66
2 2
7  5 74
Note: Award C2 for   +   = .
 12   12  144
[6]

22
45. (a) P= (= 0.957 (3 sf)) (A2) (C2)
23

(b)

R
21 3
24 23

R
G
22
25

etc
3
25
G
(M1)
OR
P = P (RRG) + P (RGR) + P (GRR) (M1)
22 21 3 22 3 21 3 22 21
× × + × × + × × (M1)(A1)
25 24 23 25 24 23 25 24 23
693
= (= 0.301 (3 sf)) (A1) (C4)
2300
[6]

IB Questionbank Maths SL 32
46. Sample space ={(1, 1), (1, 2) ... (6, 5), (6, 6)}
(This may be indicated in other ways, for example, a grid or a tree diagram, partly or fully
completed)
1
2
3.
..
1
1
2
2 3.
..

3
4
5

6
6 + 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 +1
(a) P (S < 8) = (M1)
36
7
= (A1)
12
OR
7
P (S < 8) = (A2)
12

1+1+ 6 +1+1+1
(b) P (at least one 3) = (M1)
36
11
= (A1)
36
OR
11
P (at least one 3) = (A2)
36

P(at least one 3 ∩ S < 8)

(c) P (at least one 3S < 8) = (M1)
P (S < 8 )
7
= 36 (A1)
7
12
1
= (A1)
3
[7]

IB Questionbank Maths SL 33
47. (a) P (A ∪ B) = P (A) + P (B) – P (A ∩ B) ⇒ P (A ∩ B) = P (A) +
P (B) – P (A ∪ B) (M1)
3 4 6
= + – (M1)
11 11 11
1
= (0.0909) (A1) (C3)
11

(b) For independent events, P (A ∩ B) = P (A) × P (B) (M1)

3 4
= × (A1)
11 11
12
= (0.0992) (A1) (C3)
121
[6]

48. (a)
Males Females Totals
Unemployed 20 40 60
Employed 90 50 140
Totals 110 90 200
Note: Award (A1) if at least 4 entries are correct.
Award (A2) if all 8 entries are correct.

40 1
(b) (i) P(unemployed female) = = (A1)
200 5

90 9
(ii) P(male I employed person) = = (A1)
140 14
[4]

49. (a)
Boy Girl Total
TV 13 25 38
Sport 33 29 62
Total 46 54 100

38
P(TV) = (A1) (C2)
100

IB Questionbank Maths SL 34
 13
(b) P(TV | Boy) = (= 0.283 to 3 sf) (A2) (C2)
46
Notes: Award (A1) for numerator and (A1) for denominator.
Accept equivalent answers.
[4]

50. (a) p(A ∩ B) = 0.6 + 0.8 – 1 (M1)

= 0.4 (A1) (C2)

(b) p( A ∪ B) = p( (A ∩ B)) = 1 – 0.4 (M1)

= 0.6 (A1) (C2)
[4]

120  1 
51. (a)  = = 0.333  (A1)(A1) (C2)
360  3 

90 + 120  210 7 
(b) = = = 0.583  (A2) (C2)
360  360 12 

90  3   1 
 = = 0.429 
4
(c)  Accept  (A1)(A1) (C2)
210  7  
7
12 
[6]

52. (a) evidence of appropriate approach (M1)

e.g. 1 – 0.85, diagram showing values in a normal curve
P(w ≥ 82) = 0.15 A1 N2

(b) (i) z = –1.64 A1 N1

(ii) evidence of appropriate approach (M1)

x − µ 68 − 76.6
e.g. –1.64 = ,
σ σ
correct substitution A1
68 − 76.6
e.g. –1.64 =
σ
σ = 5.23 A1 N1

(c) (i) 68.8 ≤ weight ≤ 84.4 A1A1A1 N3

Note: Award A1 for 68.8, A1 for 84.4, A1 for giving answer as
an interval.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 35
 (ii) evidence of appropriate approach (M1)
e.g. P(–1.5 ≤ z ≤1.5), P(68.76 < y < 84.44)
P(qualify) = 0.866 A1 N2

(d) recognizing conditional probability (M1)

P( A ∩ B )
e.g. P(A│B) =
P( B )
P(woman and qualify) = 0.25 × 0.7 (A1)
0.25 × 0.7
P(woman│qualify) = A1
0.866
P(woman│qualify) = 0.202 A1 N3
[15]

IB Questionbank Maths SL 36