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HIDROLOGIA GENERAL
ESTUDIO HIDROLÓGICO DE LA CUENCA DE CABANILLAS
DOCENTE:
PRESENTADO POR:
I. OBJETIVOS
UBICACIÓN
UBICACIÓN HIDROGRÁFICA
Según la división de las unidades geográficas del Perú del año 2011. La cuenca del río
Illpa, limita por el Norte con la cuenca Coata; por el Este con la intercuenca 0175 y Lago
Titicaca; por el Sur con la cuenca del río Ilave y tambo; y por el Oeste con la cuenca
Coata.
UBICACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA
Geográficamente la cuenca del río Illpa está comprendida entre las siguientes coordenadas
geográficas; Latitud Sur: 14°3'36.15'' a 15°23'24.65'' y Longitud Oeste: 69°25'25.45'' a
71°7'34.27'' se encuentra localizada en la parte norte de la región Puno, en el extremo
sureste del Perú, con una variación altitudinal de 3815 a 4916 m.s.n.m.
UBICACIÓN POLÍTICA
Políticamente la cuenca del río Cabanillas se ubica en:
Región: Puno
Provincia: Puno y San Roman
Distritos: Atuncolla, Pucarcolla, Caracoto, Cabana, Vilque, Mañazo, Tiquillaca y Puno
SISTEMA HIDROGRÁFICO Y CUENCA
SISTEMA HIDROGRÁFICO
La cuenca del río Illpa es una de las cuencas aportantes al lago Titicaca con 1270,34 Km2
de extensión y un perímetro de 203.24Km, su parte más alta tiene una cota de
4917.57msnm y se ubica en el en la parte más alta de mañazo y su parte más baja
desemboca al Lago Titicaca, con una altitud aproximada de 3813 msnm. La configuración
de la cuenca del Illpa es la de una hoya hidrográfica de fondo plano, la pendiente de los
ríos es de 1.12%
La cuenca presenta una presa con un volumen de almacenamiento 102 millones de metros
cúbicos aproximadamente.
La distribución de áreas en forma progresiva sobre cada una de las cotas, empezando
desde la más baja, permite calcular la curva hipsométrica. La importancia de la curva
evidencia aspectos del relieve de la cuenca, que tiene más influencia sobre su respuesta
hidrológica que la forma de la misma.
Fuente. Gobierno Regional Puno
METEOROLÓGICOS
Con fines de comparación de los parámetros meteorológicos para este análisis se empleó
información de algunas estaciones próximas a la cuenca del río Cabanillas como apoyo
para el análisis espacial, asimismo se eliminó los errores más resaltantes en las series de
registros meteorológicos de cada una de las estaciones utilizadas en este análisis.
LA PRECIPITACIÓN Y EL ANÁLISIS DE CONSISTENCIA
MEDICIÓN DE LA PRECIPITACIÓN
Recopilación de la información
DATOS RECOPILADOS:
PRECIPITACION MAXIMA DEL MES EN 24 Hrs. (mm)
MESES TOTAL
AÑO
ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SET OCT NOV DIC ANUAL
1964 6 21.5 16.2 14.5 5.5 0 0 0 1 13.6 7.2 22 22
1965 20.5 16.3 27.8 24.5 2 0 0 0 5.1 7 5 21.5 27.8
1966 10 25 19.5 1.8 10.8 0 0 1 4 10.2 22.8 25 25
1967 12.5 20.1 31.2 5.4 6.8 0.6 3.3 7 12.1 12.1 4.2 25.7 31.2
1968 13 22.2 10 4 8 0 2.2 0 13.5 0 18 0 22.2
1969 27.2 9 0 0 2.4 8.4 19 10 27.2
1970 11.8 16.8 24 10 3.6 0 5.8 6.3 6.1 20.2 24
1971 18.8 30.8 12.4 6.2 5.8 0 0 4 0 5 25 17 30.8
1972 31.8 20 20.7 16.9 6.2 0 0 0.6 12.2 17.9 7.2 13.9 31.8
1973 27.8 30 24.4 22 11.2 0 2.1 0.8 15.9 2.4 8.5 40 40
1974 33.7 43.6 19.1 18 0 0 0 12.1 11.4 10.2 22 18 43.6
1975 26 30.4 11.5 6.2 13.9 0 0 0 5.5 9.2 6 36 36
1976 38.2 23.8 15 9.1 2 1.9 1.3 1.8 7.2 4.1 6.1 13 38.2
1977 35.4 28.2 36.7 9 0 0 0 0 7.1 12.6 26.8 27.9 36.7
1978 25.9 20.3 24.6 11.6 0 0 0 0 1.7 6.1 15.8 21.5 25.9
1979 20.2 31.8 13.3 26.3 2.8 0 0.6 1.2 1.7 10.8 17.4 29.8 31.8
1980 10 16.4 33.2 4.6 2.1 0 1 20 8 30.5 16.8 9 33.2
1981 14.6 18.3 26.2 14.2 0 0 1 10.8 3.2 4.8 10.8 13.5 26.2
1982 13.4 6.5 5 10 2 1 1 2 7 7 8 7.5 13.4
1983 6 4 1.4 1.5 2.8 0 2 4.5 6 20.5 21 21
1984 22.4 28.2 27 6 14.4 0 2 2.5 2.5 7 11.9 25.5 28.2
1985 17.5 19 12.5 13 5 16 0 2 9 9.5 14 20.5 20.5
1986 54.2 47.5 27.2 20 1.3 0 10.5 1 10 4 7.3 30 54.2
1987 16 25.4 15 7 0 0.7 6 1.5 6.4 7.3 29 17.8 29
1988 25.8 25.8 21.4 10 7.6 0 0 0 4.8 19.7 0 46 46
1989 29.5 18 20.2 15.4 0 1.4 0 4 5 2.5 11 22.2 29.5
1990 19.8 9.6 8.4 7.5 1.8 21.6 0 3.8 0.5 31 25.7 11 31
1991 14.4 16.7 14.4 20.2 5.8 16.8 0 0 4.6 7 12 10.8 20.2
1992 12.2 10.4 4.4 2.6 0 2.2 2.2 21.2 0 13.4 5 13 21.2
1993 16.8 22.4 17 17.3 3 0 0 15 7.4 53.4 22.4 32 53.4
1994 18.8 12.8 54.6 24.8 0 0 0 0 5.3 11.6 12 9.7 54.6
1995 15.4 14.2 15.5 3.2 0 0 0 0.2 10.8 6.7 13.6 10.7 15.5
1996 42.7 10 23.9 11.6 1.9 0 2 12.8 4.8 6.3 20 28.7 42.7
1997 17.5 44.6 34.5 26.8 2.5 0 0 11.5 23.3 14.4 28.2 35.6 44.6
1998 22.1 39.5 34.5 6.1 0 0 0 5.5 0 11.8 12.6 11.1 39.5
1999 23 21.4 18.3 18.2 5.4 0 1.8 1.8 10.6 26.2 2.4 34.9 34.9
2000 17.5 31.2 31.6 21.8 0.4 0 0 3.1 15.8 23.1 6.6 30.3 31.6
2001 32.2 44.2 20.9 26.6 7 0.8 0.4 10 16.6 32 6 7.5 44.2
2002 15.5 21.7 21.1 30.5 10 4.2 12.5 10.4 2.5 23.1 27.2 23.7 30.5
2003 30.3 12.4 24.6 8 5.6 2.6 0 0.5 12.2 6.1 42.3 36.6 42.3
2004 16.4 29.6 15.8 9.2 0.5 0.5 5.3 6 6 1 5 15.5 29.6
2005 15.2 66 36.6 26.4 0 0 0 0.5 3.8 11.2 22.7 13.8 66
2006 19.5 35.2 26 20.2 0 0.7 0 0.7 32 8 12.5 24.3 35.2
2007 18.4 24.2 37.5 18.3 1.2 0 0.8 0 17.8 12.7 46.4 14.5 46.4
2008 44.1 22.4 25.2 5.1 0 0.2 0 0.6 1 16.2 21.9 31.5 44.1
2009 14.3 22.9 25 10.8 0 0 1.6 0.5 0.5 19.4 35.6 21.5 35.6
2010 25.1 17.3 18 8.3 5.8 0 0.5 2.1 4.7 14.2 27.3 27.3
Nº DATOS 47 46 46 46 47 45 45 46 47 47 47 47 47
MEDIA 21.7 24.4 21.9 13.3 3.5 1.6 1.3 3.9 7.3 12.2 15.8 21.2 33.7
DEV STD 10.0 11.5 9.9 7.9 3.9 4.5 2.6 5.4 6.4 9.8 10.2 9.9 10.8
MIN 6 6.5 4 1.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13.4
MAX 54.2 66 54.6 30.5 14.4 21.6 12.5 21.2 32 53.4 46.4 46 66
PRECIPITACION MAXIMA DEL MES EN 24 Hrs. (mm)
MESES TOTAL
AÑO
ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SET OCT NOV DIC ANUAL
1958 20.5 23.5 45 23.2 7.6 0 0 1.9 4.6 16.3 25 16 45
1959 18.7 32.8 49.6 13.6 3.1 0.7 0 3.6 7.5 2.5 8.5 32.4 49.6
1960 17.6 17.7 6.7 15.8 0.8 0 0 1.6 19.8 19 15.4 9.6 19.8
1961 42.6 23.6 21.6 14 21.3 7.2 0 6.2 6.7 12.5 9.4 20.3 42.6
1962 19.5 41.4 6.6 4.8 0 0 0 0 9 6.4 18.8 13 41.4
1963 21.2 15.9 11.1 22.1 1.9 0 0 2.7 3.9 17.7 18.4 12.3 22.1
1964 13 12.9 19.1 27.9 6.9 0 0 0.2 13.5 12.5 27.9
1965 10.8 14.2 13.1 0.8 0.2 0.9 0.4 2.6 1.5 5.6 21.1 21.1
1966 7.2 26.9 6.3 2.1 7.4 0 0 0 3 3.6 12.3 12.1 26.9
1967 6.7 7.2 27.7 1.1 3.6 0 3.2 0 4.4 13.4 0.5 15.6 27.7
1968 6.9 14.5 20.6 2.2 6.7 6.2 0.4 0 10.1 8.8 30 20.9 30
1969 35.5 27.8 8.6 2.5 0 0 0 5.9 20.9 21.6 20.5 35.5
1970 16.9 18.5 29.1 5.2 0 0 0 3.2 10.5 2.5 36.6 36.6
1971 20.2 33.7 12.9 14.4 2.9 0.9 0 0.1 0 8.4 15.7 24.1 33.7
1972 24.2 31.2 27.4 8.8 4.1 0 0 0 8.7 11.8 10.2 21.9 31.2
1973 36.5 27.2 43.2 10.5 6.4 1.2 2.2 2.9 14.9 6.3 17.7 35.6 43.2
1974 40.5 42.9 19.3 12 0.3 8.7 1 14.5 11.2 11.3 11.8 11.2 42.9
1975 33.7 49.2 22.7 4.5 15.5 0.2 0 0.3 9.2 23.6 20.5 35.9 49.2
1976 30.2 28.8 51.5 15.6 2.3 0.2 2.6 8.9 16.6 2.1 10.6 20.6 51.5
1977 16.8 57.4 23.7 10.8 3.8 0 5.2 0 0 0 16.4 29 57.4
1978 6 17.5 20.8
1979 22 13.1 30.2 14.7 0 0 0 6.8 13.5 9.3 11.4 30.2
1980 16.6 12.4 16.5 1.3 0 0 0 1.5 8.1 13 14.4 8 16.6
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993 6.3 23.4 0.9 0 0 7.2 2.8 24.3 16.8 24.8 24.8
1994 26.6 22 49 32.6 3.5 0.9 0 0 1.9 1.3 22 15.9 49
1995 30.9 28.6 17 2.8 0 0 0 8.7 4.2 5.6 27 30.9
1996 53 43.3 14.2 14.2 1.2 0 0.5 6.4 1.7 5.1 18.3 20.6 53
1997 20.1 19.2 28.6 16.4 0.8 0 0 14 14.6 10.9 29.1 10.8 29.1
1998 29.1 43.8 17.3 13.4 0 1.7 0 1.9 0 12.8 33.1 9 43.8
1999 31.9 26.9 20.1 24 9.3 0 0 2.9 10.7 21.3 4.7 24.7 31.9
2000 19.5 21.1 11.1 10.1 3.5 0 0 1 4.5 19.2 7.5 24.6 24.6
2001 37.1 54 23.6 27.4 2.7 0 1.2 6.2 1.3 10.2 22 18.1 54.0
2002 17.7 22.8 16.8 20.5 12.9 3 7.2 2.8 8.2 30.1 26.1 16.1 30.1
2003 22.4 16 24.1 6.8 7.9 3.7 0 1.6 11 6.7 16.5 15.4 24.1
2004 19.7 24.3 23.6 14.5 0 1.1 7.8 8.9 7.5 2.9 9.3 9.3 24.3
2005 18.1 31.5 17.8 21.9 0 0 0 0 3.5 8 29 19.8 31.5
2006 29.9 30.4 14.2 10.8 1.2 0 0 1.8 20.9 8.6 11.9 39.9 39.9
2007 29.2 18.8 30.2 22.5 11.4 0 2.5 6.7 6.8 9.7 26.2 21.5 30.2
2008 23.3 18.2 13.8 0 5.5 0 0 0 1.2 8 1.9 27 27.0
2009 25 27.1 14.6 7.9 1.5 0 3 0 1.9 5.3 11.1 29.8 29.8
2010 14.6 27.9 23.1 12.4 11.8 0 0 0 24.4 10.7 28.8 28.8
2011 32.8 23.6 20.9 12.1 2.1 0 2.7 0 1.5 4.2 28.7 35.5 35.5
2012 23.7 26.8 23.5 18.5 0 0 0 2.2 1.5 2.3 28.1 24.6 28.1
Nº DATOS 35 35 36 34 36 36 34 35 34 36 37 37 42
MEDIA 24.07 26.98 21.71 12.96 3.95 0.78 1.19 2.83 6.12 10.39 15.91 21.65 34.58
DEV STD 10.08 11.78 10.13 8.41 4.12 1.84 2.03 3.96 5.28 7.46 8.66 8.36 10.24
MIN 6.7 7.2 6.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 8 16.6
MAX 53 57.4 51.5 32.6 15.5 8.7 7.8 14.5 20.9 30.1 33.1 39.9 57.4
PRECIPITACION MAXIMA DEL MES EN 24 Hrs. (mm)
MESES TOTAL
AÑO
ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SET OCT NOV DIC ANUAL
1964 14.7 28.0 18.5 10.5 15.0 0.0 0.0 2.6 4.6 1.9 11.5 12.0 28
1965 41.4 15.7 21.3 10.7 0.4 0.3 2.2 1.1 5.4 1.6 4.0 53.6 53.6
1966 8.5 35.9 12.6 5.8 11.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.9 25.3 18.8 14.0 35.9
1967 19.9 23.5 32.9 15.1 4.2 0.0 1.3 1.4 18.7 11.5 1.2 21.7 32.9
1968 17.7 26.2 20.0 1.5 2.3 1.7 3.5 2.0 4.7 15.1 19.7 13.2 26.2
1969 19.1 22.6 11.1 8.9 0.0 0.3 2.1 0.0 4.0 2.9 26.8 27.9 27.9
1970 21.7 28.5 19.9 9.4 7.8 0.0 0.0 1.1 2.0 7.4 1.2 35.8 35.8
1971 21.4 28.9 13.0 6.7 0.5 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.1 12.5 15.6 28.9
1972 31.8 14.2 21.2 5.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.7 7.0 11.2 16.9 31.8
1973 32.1 58.9 22.6 15.9 10.9 0.0 2.5 6.1 9.3 4.6 7.1 27.7 58.9
1974 46.2 21.1 9.2 30.4 2.4 12.4 0.1 29.4 6.4 1.4 10.6 13.6 46.2
1975 31.1 27.9 23.2 8.9 2.5 0.0 0.0 1.0 5.1 12.0 8.4 21.4 31.1
1976 56.4 18.9 20.0 9.7 0.9 0.0 7.5 12.5 16.5 0.0 6.8 19.4 56.4
1977 18.4 26.4 15.1 5.0 1.9 0.0 3.5 0.0 4.4 17.5 24.3 24.1 26.4
1978 24.5 17.8 17.7 16.7 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.2 3.8 15.7 26.7 19.6 26.7
1979 38.6 16.6 18.7 6.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 26.2 32.0 18.6 38.6
1980 19.6 19.5 29.3 16.1 2.5 0.3 1.5 3.3 9.8 26.7 8.7 4.8 29.3
1981 21.9 25.0 20.4 28.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 21.7 0.4 3.7 16.1 19.6 28.7
1982 42.4 20.4 33.0 15.5 2.3 0.4 0.0 0.2 13.1 24.0 15.7 17.5 42.4
1983 12.6 8.5 20.0 14.2 5.9 1.4 0.0 2.0 2.1 4.9 0.6 37.6 37.6
1984 18.3 20.2 36.9 3.8 5.0 1.4 1.2 2.6 0.0 14.9 27.4 40.3 40.3
1985 12.0 21.0 24.8 19.1 10.9 5.2 0.8 0.8 12.2 0.6 31.4 35.4 35.4
1986 35.8 31.8 19.3 21.5 5.1 0.0 6.5 6.1 5.1 2.5 7.9 25.6 35.8
1987 38.2 19.0 10.2 5.4 0.4 1.8 11.5 2.5 0.8 7.1 35.8 7.7 38.2
1988 21.7 11.4 21.8 20.9 2.6 0.0 0.2 0.0 2.2 22.4 2.6 19.4 22.4
1989 20.2 17.3 24.7 32.8 2.3 3.0 6.1 2.3 0.5 2.4 24.9 16.2 32.8
1990 30.3 9.5 11.9 8.5 1.8 14.5 0.0 3.5 0.0 13.6 10.5 9.7 30.3
1991 33.9 21.6 20.0 4.8 4.5 10.3 0.0 0.0 5.6 3.2 7.0 28.7 33.9
1992 14.9 19.1 5.3 4.7 0.0 4.6 1.3 28.6 0.0 12.7 13.8 10.6 28.6
1993 23.9 13.0 21.1 11.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.6 1.3 31.0 14.1 34.7 34.7
1994 21.6 26.5 24.7 29.3 7.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 16.6 24.0 29.3
1995 16.1 16.1 18.2 4.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.4 4.4 8.6 23.3 23.3
1996 37.3 11.1 8.6 10.8 6.2 0.0 0.0 18.7 2.8 3.0 20.0 18.4 37.3
1997 20.2 25.3 12.9 7.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.3 18.6 6.2 22.0 12.2 25.3
1998 25.8 21.7 31.2 13.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.1 35.2 7.5 35.2
1999 30.50 42.00 21.90 19.20 11.60 0.00 0.00 4.20 3.10 10.50 3.90 22.50 42
2000 17.40 23.30 17.20 0.60 7.50 0.00 0.00 1.20 0.00 24.10 10.20 22.50 24.1
2001 32.00 34.20 13.40 21.20 2.80 1.50 2.10 12.70 1.40 10.20 4.20 52.40 52.4
2002 19.60 30.90 21.80 19.50 4.90 0.00 20.60 5.60 1.40 9.20 16.30 21.40 30.9
2003 18.10 18.40 40.90 8.90 6.30 6.30 0.00 0.00 1.40 2.40 2.00 18.90 40.9
2004 15.50 25.30 15.70 16.60 0.00 0.00 5.30 4.90 0.00 5.70 16.50 23.30 25.3
2005 33.60 26.60 17.80 1.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.20 1.80 50.00 31.50 50
2006
2007
Nº DATOS 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42
MEDIA 25.64 23.09 20.00 12.59 3.58 1.57 1.92 4.43 4.83 9.77 15.35 22.40 35.04
DEV STD 10.30 9.01 7.46 8.06 3.93 3.37 3.84 7.30 5.23 8.50 11.01 10.73 9.01
MIN 8.5 8.5 5.3 0.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6 4.8 22.4
MAX 56.4 58.9 40.9 32.8 15 14.5 20.6 29.4 18.7 31 50 53.6 58.9
PRECIPITACION MAXIMA DEL MES EN 24 Hrs. (mm)
MESES TOTAL
AÑO
ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SET OCT NOV DIC ANUAL
1965 55.1
1966 13.9 28.4 24.3 6.2 17.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.6 25.0 41.3 23.6 41.3
1967 22.6 23.6 53.5 2.7 11.0 0.2 2.8 4.0 20.3 24.8 16.2 35.5 53.5
1968 37.3 52.9 45.5 7.0 9.7 11.8 4.9 0.0 10.2 17.0 23.4 21.5 52.9
1969 27.0 25.5 17.0 25.0 0.0 0.0 5.5 0.0 9.0 20.5 28.3 40.5 40.5
1970 31.0 54.3 18.5 4.6 18.7 0.0 0.0 1.5 6.9 20.3 1.7 42.0 54.3
1971 21.6 44.5 20.5 8.8 0.7 3.9 0.0 0.6 0.0 8.6 20.6 38.5 44.5
1972 35.1 47.6 27.7 13.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 24.4 10.8 10.1 28.4 47.6
1973 51.4 34.7 36.7 47.0 13.9 0.1 9.1 17.0 21.1 28.5 12.0 28.7 51.4
1974 58.4 20.6 38.2 1.2 24.2 0.7 27.0 9.4 11.5 12.1 27.1 58.4
1975 47.6 54.3 39.2 0.0 0.5 1.0 2.0 31.3 13.6 36.5 54.3
1976 86.7 25.1 28.9 18.1 6.0 0.0 6.4 9.5 27.7 0.9 6.3 28.0 86.7
1977 32.5 35.8 50.1 10.8 0.0 0.0 3.7 0.0 9.7 22.9 47.5 39.1 50.1
1978 25.6 17.5 11.4 28.4 20.4 28.4
1979 28.2 19.5 26.8 6.6 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 18.2 27.5 12.1 28.2
1980 18.5 31.5 28.3 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 13.5 22.6 7.5 16.3 31.5
1981 14.4 29.5 19.0 23.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27.0 0.0 15.8 14.8 25.9 29.5
1982 19.4 15.9 21.2 22.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 6.8 14.7 22.6 4.5 22.6
1983 20.4 8.2 24.1 11.3 4.9 2.5 0.0 0.0 2.5 3.6 0.0 14.0 24.1
1984
1985 10.0 16.1 28.3 13.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 11.7 8.2
1986 4.3 3.0 6.9 36.2
1987 17.3 22.2 8.6 5.2 0.0 0.2 16.8 0.4 0.6 9.8 31.0 11.9 31
1988 15.8 18.6 33.8 21.3 5.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 22.3 0.4 18.7 33.8
1989 34.1 11.2 25.4 12.7 0.5 2.6 2.0 1.3 0.0 8.6 17.8 9.8 34.1
1990 13.5 17.4 13.3 11.8 1.8 16.8 0.0 8.0 0.0 10.2 30.8 13.6 30.8
1991 17.5 9.9 5.5 10.9
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001 1.5 2.1 12.7 1.4 10.2 4.2 52.4
2002 19.6 30.9 21.8 19.5 4.9 0.0 20.6 5.6 1.4 9.2 16.3 21.4 30.9
2003 18.1 18.4 40.9 8.9 6.3 6.3 0.0 0.0 1.4 2.4 2.0 18.9 40.9
2004 15.5 25.3 15.7 16.6 0.0 0.0 5.3 4.9 0.0 5.7 16.5 23.3 25.3
2005 33.6 26.6 17.8 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.2 1.8 50.0 31.5 50
2006 32.7 38.0 19.9 17.3 0.0 1.8 0.0 0.0 2.4 5.2 23.7 17.9 38
2007 19.5 16.8 21.6 8.8 11.2 0.0 3.1 0.0 3.2 5.7 14.3 10.6 21.6
2008 24.0 16.4 12.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.3 9.8 5.0 35.8 35.8
2009 24.4 24.7 16.7 5.5 0.0 0.0 15.6 0.0 9.0 6.6 19.4 14.9 24.7
2010 16.6 16.1 13.6 11.4 11.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.3 11.1 19.9 19.9
Nº DATOS 32 33 32 31 30 32 32 32 33 34 33 34 31
MEDIA 26.42 27.75 24.93 13.29 4.25 2.25 3.10 3.84 6.60 12.72 17.68 25.72 39.25
DEV STD 14.47 13.56 11.31 10.15 5.56 5.36 5.27 7.22 7.41 8.15 12.65 12.06 14.17
MIN 10.0 8.2 5.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.0 4.5 19.9
MAX 86.7 58.4 53.5 47.0 18.7 24.2 20.6 27.0 27.7 31.3 50.0 55.1 86.7
PRECIPITACION MAXIMA DEL MES EN 24 Hrs. (mm)
MESES TOTAL
AÑO
ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SET OCT NOV DIC ANUAL
1962 83 148.2 143.6 30.5 2.2 0 0 0 39.7 24.3 20.1 169.8 169.8
1963 118.1 143 170.4 49.6 13.4 0 0 1 37.5 66.8 39.9 91.4 170.4
1964 64.2 108.6 120.8 24.7 15.7 0 2.7 0 9.8 39.6 56.7 57.9 120.8
1965 92.5 97.7 77 30 1 0 1 0 9 11.9 51.5 141.4 141.4
1966 58.4 71.7 54.9 18.9 43.5 0 0 0 21.8 34.8 54.5 53.9 71.7
1967 58.3 79.4 146.6 21.3 9.7 2.2 5 12.4 43.6 21.4 7.3 149.7 149.7
1968 60.6 164.9 53.5 52 9.3 4 7 2.1 29.8 62.8 116.9 28.3 164.9
1969 133.4 46.5 29.7 55.7 0 3.2 14.2 0 8.1 29.2 45.2 31.6 133.4
1970 190.4 98.1 115.3 55.6 3.2 0 0 0 22.9 11.8 42.2 114.8 190.4
1971 127.2 125.7 90 43.3 0.8 0.7 5.7 10.8 30.8 47.4 103.3 127.2
1972 217.7 97.9 109.9 18.8 2 0 0 0.8 29 34.5 81.7 74.2 217.7
1973 142.3 107.4 74.7 80.3 15.7 1.2 5.4 9.2 20 45 14.2 44.4 142.3
1974 150.9 79 69.9 19.9 1.8 8.4 0 44.8 10.7 40.9 39.9 69.4 150.9
1975 137.1 126.8 100.5 16.6 33.9 0.2 0 1.5 21 74.3 25.9 124.6 137.1
1976 148.7 83 48.8 11.9 23.3 1 0 4.1 71.3 0 6.3 33.3 148.7
1977 56.1 180.8 104.6 5 1.4 0 0 0 27.4 49.2 92.2 88.9 180.8
1978 208.2 127.9 78.1 42.1 0 0 0 0 4.1 11.6 83 160.7 208.2
1979 137.7 56.6 103 23.6 0 0 0 0 0 81.1 10.9 76.2 137.7
1980 55.7 60 174.4 15.1 1.6 0 21.6 31.2 72.3 47.2 40 174.4
1981 137.3 173.5 158.3 71.3 14 0 0 25.8 26.1 72.5 70.5 59.9 173.5
1982 209.3 61.1 101.1 105.8 0 0 0 4 46.4 48.7 118.9 17.5 209.3
1983 52.4 102.8 24.9 40 12 0 0 0 21 23.4 26.3 117.9 117.9
1984 287.8 189.8 106.1 77.1 19.8 20.8 4 15.5 1 109.7 117.2 95.8 287.8
1985 70.3 190.7 48.4 76.5 12.6 33.4 0 2.3 43.5 59.4 159.5 149.3 190.7
1986 127.6 134.7 112.7 104.8 3 0 3.3 7.5 44.8 2.9 17.4 131.9 134.7
1987 192.3 33.7 53.2 10.4 0 29.9 0 6.4 4.7 37.8 86.2 36.8 192.3
1988 196.6 48.9 174.5 86.8 40 33 1.5 80 196.6
1989 184.2 99.3 83.3 30.8 0 4.4 0 4 2.5 13 14.8 58.8 184.2
1990 110.8 35.8 20.5 25.4 7 36.5 7 12 41.4 60.6 88.1 110.8
1991 109.2 47.8 86.6 46 13 51 4 1 21.3 27.3 36.5 55.7 109.2
1992 64.1 80.8 12 30.5 0 0 6.5 39.6 0 58 80.8
1993 158.8 45.8 105.2 54.5 1.5 0 0 28 16 71 113 89.5 158.8
1994 122.4 98 105 60 26 0 122.4
1995 127 98 88 19.2 0 127
1996 45 29 7 0 0 2.5 2 21 50 69 69
1997 127 140 101.5 81 140
1998 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1999 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1999 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2001 10 71.5 27.5 63.1 71.5
2002 73 158.4 119.5 54.2 24 3.4 19.4 16.7 15.1 143.1 75.5 99.9 158.4
2003 177.5 80.1 121.3 10.7 4.3 4.4 1.1 0.6 38.2 16.9 28.1 162.9 177.5
2004 238.4 96.3 69.4 28.2 0 0.2 1.5 24.3 38.5 7.2 17.6 97.2 238.4
2005 80.6 242.9 100.1 46.7 0 0 0 1.8 16 82.9 57.2 92.6 242.9
2006 207.4 50.8 101.3 20.7 0.8 2 0 1.5 23.8 61.6 77.6 73.8 207.4
Nº DATOS 43 43 44 44 44 41 40 40 41 42 41 41 45
MEDIA 121.31 96.714 85.5022 39.3 9.2614 6.029 2.969 8.0902 20.752 41.549 49.521 79.39
DEV STD 66.398 54.594 45.965 27.63 11.374 11.84 4.118 11.285 16.642 31.603 38.794 45.41 60.5825
MIN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
MAX 287.8 242.9 174.5 105.8 44 51 40 44.8 71.3 143.1 159.5 169.8
EVALUACIÓN DE LA PRECIPITACIÓN
Las causas naturales son las más difíciles de explicar, ya que, están asociadas a
cambios en el sistema climático.
2. Completación de datos
El país tiene limitaciones en la disponibilidad de datos ya sea hidrométrico como
pluviométrico y la mayor parte de las cuencas hidrográficas no se encuentran
instrumentadas. La representatividad, calidad, extensión y consistencia de los
datos es primordial para el inicio del estudio hidrológico, por ello, se recomienda
contar con un mínimo de 25 años de registro que permita a partir de esta
información histórica la predicción de eventos futuros con el objetivo que los
resultados sean confiables, asimismo dicha información deberá incluir los años en
que se han registrado los eventos del fenómeno “El Niño”.
Muchas estaciones de precipitación tienen periodos faltantes en sus registros,
debido a que el observador se ausenta o fallas instrumentales a menudo es
necesario estimar algunos de estos valores faltantes. Existen muchas formas de
cumplir estas deficiencias, el grado de aceptación de uno de estos métodos depende
de la cantidad de observaciones faltantes en un registro de datos de precipitaciones
de descarga.
Entre estos métodos podemos mencionar los siguientes:
- Completación de los datos mediante el método de los promedios.
- Completación de los datos mediante el método de las razones normales.
- Completación de los datos por correlación entre dos estaciones.
- Completación de los datos mediante métodos numéricos o (generación de
números aleatorios).
Para este caso de completación de los datos se utilizó el método de las razones
normales.
AÑO MESES
AÑO ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SET OCT NOV DIC
1985 12.00 21.00 24.80 19.10 10.90 5.20 0.80 0.80 12.20 0.60 31.40 35.40
1986 35.80 31.80 19.30 21.50 5.10 0.00 6.50 6.10 5.10 2.50 7.90 25.60
1987 38.20 19.00 10.20 5.40 0.40 1.80 11.50 2.50 0.80 7.10 35.80 7.70
1988 21.70 11.40 21.80 20.90 2.60 0.00 0.20 0.00 2.20 22.40 2.60 19.40
1989 20.20 17.30 24.70 32.80 2.30 3.00 6.10 2.30 0.50 2.40 24.90 16.20
1990 30.30 9.50 11.90 8.50 1.80 14.50 0.00 3.50 0.00 13.60 10.50 9.70
1991 33.90 21.60 20.00 4.80 4.50 10.30 0.00 0.00 5.60 3.20 7.00 28.70
1992 14.90 19.10 5.30 4.70 0.00 4.60 1.30 28.60 0.00 12.70 13.80 10.60
1993 23.90 13.00 21.10 11.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.60 1.30 31.00 14.10 34.70
1994 21.60 26.50 24.70 29.30 7.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.00 16.60 24.00
1995 16.10 16.10 18.20 4.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.40 4.40 8.60 23.30
1996 37.30 11.10 8.60 10.80 6.20 0.00 0.00 18.70 2.80 3.00 20.00 18.40
1997 20.20 25.30 12.90 7.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.30 18.60 6.20 22.00 12.20
1998 25.80 21.70 31.20 13.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.10 35.20 7.50
1999 30.50 42.00 21.90 19.20 11.60 0.00 0.00 4.20 3.10 10.50 3.90 22.50
2000 17.40 23.30 17.20 0.60 7.50 0.00 0.00 1.20 0.00 24.10 10.20 22.50
2001 32.00 34.20 13.40 21.20 2.80 1.50 2.10 12.70 1.40 10.20 4.20 52.40
2002 19.60 30.90 21.80 19.50 4.90 0.00 20.60 5.60 1.40 9.20 16.30 21.40
2003 18.10 18.40 40.90 8.90 6.30 6.30 0.00 0.00 1.40 2.40 2.00 18.90
2004 15.50 25.30 15.70 16.60 0.00 0.00 5.30 4.90 0.00 5.70 16.50 23.30
2005 33.60 26.60 17.80 1.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.20 1.80 50.00 31.50
2006 29.29 31.82 18.11 16.24 0.34 0.89 0.00 1.03 9.55 5.61 15.98 27.81
2007 23.46 17.98 26.88 15.56 8.30 0.00 2.68 2.92 5.07 6.99 28.45 15.76
2008 32.65 17.16 15.46 1.53 1.58 0.06 0.00 0.21 2.37 8.79 9.34 31.61
2009 22.61 22.63 16.92 7.76 0.43 0.00 5.89 0.17 3.83 7.57 21.66 22.38
2010 20.17 18.13 16.66 10.71 10.52 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.30 8.86 11.87 25.60
PROMEDIO 24.88 22.03 19.13 12.89 3.68 1.85 2.43 3.97 3.63 8.46 16.95 22.66
Nº DATOS 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26
DEV STD 7.63 7.74 7.35 8.44 3.84 3.64 4.73 6.63 4.54 7.45 11.74 9.89
MIN 12.00 9.50 5.30 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 7.50
MAX 38.20 42.00 40.90 32.80 11.60 14.50 20.60 28.60 18.60 31.00 50.00 52.40
PRECIPITACION MAXIMA DEL MES EN 24 Hrs. (mm)
AÑO MESES
AÑO ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SET OCT NOV DIC
1985 15.11 22.91 22.07 18.46 6.82 1.72 0.14 1.02 16.18 6.69 22.13 26.32
1986 49.66 45.84 22.10 23.36 3.93 0.00 5.60 3.19 7.90 3.65 7.39 29.18
1987 26.82 27.08 10.91 7.03 0.15 0.26 5.78 1.35 2.37 9.89 32.09 11.89
1988 24.14 22.42 25.48 21.80 7.92 0.00 0.04 0.00 2.80 26.24 1.00 26.70
1989 32.62 18.82 23.29 24.52 1.09 0.71 1.35 2.38 1.49 5.84 18.05 15.27
1990 23.91 15.17 11.20 11.51 2.51 5.01 0.00 5.64 0.12 19.47 22.62 10.90
1991 24.77 19.60 13.14 14.03 7.34 3.64 0.00 0.00 6.22 4.93 9.38 18.73
1992 14.84 17.65 4.73 4.18 0.00 1.01 1.32 20.49 0.00 13.92 9.40 11.24
1993 22.22 20.31 6.30 23.40 0.90 0.00 0.00 7.20 2.80 24.30 16.80 24.80
1994 26.60 22.00 49.00 32.60 3.50 0.90 0.00 0.00 1.90 1.30 22.00 15.90
1995 30.90 28.60 17.00 2.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 8.70 4.20 5.60 27.00
1996 53.00 43.30 14.20 14.20 1.20 0.00 0.50 6.40 1.70 5.10 18.30 20.60
1997 20.10 19.20 28.60 16.40 0.80 0.00 0.00 14.00 14.60 10.90 29.10 10.80
1998 29.10 43.80 17.30 13.40 0.00 1.70 0.00 1.90 0.00 12.80 33.10 9.00
1999 31.90 26.90 20.10 24.00 9.30 0.00 0.00 2.90 10.70 21.30 4.70 24.70
2000 19.50 21.10 11.10 10.10 3.50 0.00 0.00 1.00 4.50 19.20 7.50 24.60
2001 37.10 54.00 23.60 27.40 2.70 0.00 1.20 6.20 1.30 10.20 22.00 18.10
2002 17.70 22.80 16.80 20.50 12.90 3.00 7.20 2.80 8.20 30.10 26.10 16.10
2003 22.40 16.00 24.10 6.80 7.90 3.70 0.00 1.60 11.00 6.70 16.50 15.40
2004 19.70 24.30 23.60 14.50 0.00 1.10 7.80 8.90 7.50 2.90 9.30 9.30
2005 18.10 31.50 17.80 21.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.50 8.00 29.00 19.80
2006 29.90 30.40 14.20 10.80 1.20 0.00 0.00 1.80 20.90 8.60 11.90 39.90
2007 29.20 18.80 30.20 22.50 11.40 0.00 2.50 6.70 6.80 9.70 26.20 21.50
2008 23.30 18.20 13.80 0.00 5.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.20 8.00 1.90 27.00
2009 25.00 27.10 14.60 7.90 1.50 0.00 3.00 0.00 1.90 5.30 11.10 29.80
2010 14.60 27.90 23.10 12.40 11.80 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.00 24.40 10.70 28.80
PROMEDIO 26.24 26.37 19.17 15.63 3.99 0.88 1.41 3.68 5.55 11.68 16.30 20.51
Nº DATOS 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26
DEV STD 9.41 10.00 8.89 8.24 4.12 1.42 2.42 4.89 5.52 8.13 9.52 7.81
MIN 14.60 15.17 4.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.30 1.00 9.00
MAX 53.00 54.00 49.00 32.60 12.90 5.01 7.80 20.49 20.90 30.10 33.10 39.90
PRECIPITACION MAXIMA DEL MES EN 24 Hrs. (mm)
AÑO MESES
AÑO ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SET OCT NOV DIC
1985 10.00 16.10 28.30 13.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 11.70 8.20 20.55 27.14
1986 39.01 34.21 21.53 16.62 2.80 0.00 13.31 2.42 4.30 3.00 6.90 36.20
1987 17.30 22.20 8.60 5.20 0.00 0.20 16.80 0.40 0.60 9.80 31.00 11.90
1988 15.80 18.60 33.80 21.30 5.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.70 22.30 0.40 18.70
1989 34.10 11.20 25.40 12.70 0.50 2.60 2.00 1.30 0.00 8.60 17.80 9.80
1990 13.50 17.40 13.30 11.80 1.80 16.80 0.00 8.00 0.00 10.20 30.80 13.60
1991 17.50 9.90 5.50 10.90 5.27 11.69 0.00 0.00 3.26 3.31 9.13 19.65
1992 11.79 13.10 4.60 2.97 0.00 3.24 4.03 13.46 0.00 9.35 9.14 11.79
1993 17.65 15.09 18.08 11.15 1.79 0.00 0.00 4.58 1.96 28.27 17.54 33.29
1994 17.60 17.53 35.89 21.65 3.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.17 3.06 13.83 16.77
1995 13.75 13.23 15.95 3.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 5.63 3.78 10.67 16.93
1996 35.05 9.21 14.57 8.88 3.64 0.00 2.60 8.53 2.10 3.03 19.30 23.55
1997 16.42 29.77 21.28 13.24 1.49 0.00 0.00 4.44 12.34 6.64 24.17 23.95
1998 20.86 26.03 30.71 8.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.41 0.00 7.28 23.24 9.30
1999 23.23 28.22 19.05 14.90 7.90 0.00 2.34 1.64 3.33 11.71 3.05 28.70
2000 15.25 23.44 22.27 8.28 3.27 0.00 0.00 1.13 2.99 17.13 8.13 26.38
2001 28.05 33.76 15.77 18.85 5.30 1.50 2.10 12.70 1.40 10.20 4.20 52.40
2002 19.60 30.90 21.80 19.50 4.90 0.00 20.60 5.60 1.40 9.20 16.30 21.40
2003 18.10 18.40 40.90 8.90 6.30 6.30 0.00 0.00 1.40 2.40 2.00 18.90
2004 15.50 25.30 15.70 16.60 0.00 0.00 5.30 4.90 0.00 5.70 16.50 23.30
2005 33.60 26.60 17.80 1.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.20 1.80 50.00 31.50
2006 32.70 38.00 19.90 17.30 0.00 1.80 0.00 0.00 2.40 5.20 23.70 17.90
2007 19.50 16.80 21.60 8.80 11.20 0.00 3.10 0.00 3.20 5.70 14.30 10.60
2008 24.00 16.40 12.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.30 9.80 5.00 35.80
2009 24.40 24.70 16.70 5.50 0.00 0.00 15.60 0.00 9.00 6.60 19.40 14.90
2010 16.60 16.10 13.60 11.40 11.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.30 11.10 19.90
PROMEDIO 21.19 21.24 19.82 11.27 2.93 1.70 3.38 2.73 3.17 8.37 15.70 22.09
Nº DATOS 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26
DEV STD 7.92 7.97 8.77 6.02 3.41 4.03 6.02 3.97 3.56 6.14 10.94 10.00
MIN 10.00 9.21 4.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.80 0.40 9.30
MAX 39.01 38.00 40.90 21.65 11.20 16.80 20.60 13.46 12.34 28.27 50.00 52.40
PRECIPITACION MAXIMA DEL MES EN 24 Hrs. (mm)
AÑO MESES
AÑO ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SET OCT NOV DIC
1985 17.50 19.00 12.50 13.00 5.00 16.00 0.00 2.00 9.00 9.50 14.00 20.50
1986 54.20 47.50 27.20 20.00 1.30 0.00 10.50 1.00 10.00 4.00 7.30 30.00
1987 16.00 25.40 15.00 7.00 0.00 0.70 6.00 1.50 6.40 7.30 29.00 17.80
1988 25.80 25.80 21.40 10.00 7.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.80 19.70 0.00 46.00
1989 29.50 18.00 20.20 15.40 0.00 1.40 0.00 4.00 5.00 2.50 11.00 22.20
1990 19.80 9.60 8.40 7.50 1.80 21.60 0.00 3.80 0.50 31.00 25.70 11.00
1991 14.40 16.70 14.40 20.20 5.80 16.80 0.00 0.00 4.60 7.00 12.00 10.80
1992 12.20 10.40 4.40 2.60 0.00 2.20 2.20 21.20 0.00 13.40 5.00 13.00
1993 16.80 22.40 17.00 17.30 3.00 0.00 0.00 15.00 7.40 53.40 22.40 32.00
1994 18.80 12.80 54.60 24.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.30 11.60 12.00 9.70
1995 15.40 14.20 15.50 3.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.20 10.80 6.70 13.60 10.70
1996 42.70 10.00 23.90 11.60 1.90 0.00 2.00 12.80 4.80 6.30 20.00 28.70
1997 17.50 44.60 34.50 26.80 2.50 0.00 0.00 11.50 23.30 14.40 28.20 35.60
1998 22.10 39.50 34.50 6.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.50 0.00 11.80 12.60 11.10
1999 23.00 21.40 18.30 18.20 5.40 0.00 1.80 1.80 10.60 26.20 2.40 34.90
2000 17.50 31.20 31.60 21.80 0.40 0.00 0.00 3.10 15.80 23.10 6.60 30.30
2001 32.20 44.20 20.90 26.60 7.00 0.80 0.40 10.00 16.60 32.00 6.00 7.50
2002 15.50 21.70 21.10 30.50 10.00 4.20 12.50 10.40 2.50 23.10 27.20 23.70
2003 30.30 12.40 24.60 8.00 5.60 2.60 0.00 0.50 12.20 6.10 42.30 36.60
2004 16.40 29.60 15.80 9.20 0.50 0.50 5.30 6.00 6.00 1.00 5.00 15.50
2005 15.20 66.00 36.60 26.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 3.80 11.20 22.70 13.80
2006 19.50 35.20 26.00 20.20 0.00 0.70 0.00 0.70 32.00 8.00 12.50 24.30
2007 18.40 24.20 37.50 18.30 1.20 0.00 0.80 0.00 17.80 12.70 46.40 14.50
2008 44.10 22.40 25.20 5.10 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.60 1.00 16.20 21.90 31.50
2009 14.30 22.90 25.00 10.80 0.00 0.00 1.60 0.50 0.50 19.40 35.60 21.50
2010 25.10 17.30 18.00 8.30 5.80 0.00 0.50 0.00 2.10 4.70 14.20 27.30
PROMEDIO 22.85 25.55 23.23 14.96 2.49 2.60 1.68 4.33 8.18 14.70 17.52 22.33
Nº DATOS 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26
DEV STD 10.44 13.66 10.56 8.17 2.99 5.87 3.31 5.69 7.76 11.61 12.09 10.32
MIN 12.20 9.60 4.40 2.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 7.50
MAX 54.20 66.00 54.60 30.50 10.00 21.60 12.50 21.20 32.00 53.40 46.40 46.00