PRACTICE PROBLEMS 4) A steel coluinn with a cross section of 12 ean x 16 em. 4 m in height and fixed at its base. The column is pinnod against translation in iis weak direction at the top but is unbraced in its strong direction, ‘The column's ‘modulus of elasticity is 2.1 x 10° MPa, y, weak Z Ay on Ea set co What is most nearly the maximum theoretical vertical Joad the column can support without buckling? (A) 13 MN (8) 52 MN (© 61 mn (>) UMN By A.10 em 10 an square column supports a compres sive force of 9000 N. ‘The Josd is appliod with an oxcen- tricity of 2.6 om along one of the lines of symmetry. What is most neatly the maximum tensile stress in the column? (A) 450. kPa {B) 900 kPa (©) 1400 kPa (D) 2300 kPa Columns 3. A square column with a solid cross section is placed in a building to support @ load of § MIN. The maximum allowable stress in the column is 350 MPa. The column reacts linearly to all Joads, Ifthe contractor is permitted to losd the column anywhere in the central one-fith of the column's cross soation, what are most neatly the smallest possible dimensions of the column? (A) 2emx 12am (B) Wem x14 em (©) 16 em x16 cm (D) 18. cnx 18 em 17.6em co bem a60N 226N stevaton view roms ction (A) 72. MPa (8) 94MPa (©) 98MPa (D) 9.9 MPa, thick is pinned at each end and subjected to axial com- (A) 60 kN (B) 93 kN ae one eee82-2 FE WECHAWIGAL PRACTICE PROT $5 Witt most neatly the Bular buckting load fora SOLUTIONS : 7 20 m long steel column with unrestrained ends and with the given properties and cross section? te other, the theoretical end-resttaint coefficient, Fy 70° 10° oom 0.7. The effective length for bnekling in the weak dires, 00 GPa tion ia 4. Since the column is fixed at one end and pinned at deg = : Ke= (0.74 m) 2.8 m ‘The moment of tion is a for buckling in the weak digeo- 2m)(12 em)> (12(100 &)" = 23 «105 mat Caleulate the eviticel buckling force “from Euler's ' fmt Ly aime i 72(2.1 x 10° MPa)(10° —* \ia.3 x 19-8 im!) (0) 184 e (0 saa) @) mew (mis = 6.09 x10" N (6.1 MN) er Chick the bueling force in the song dvestion, The Golam is nos braced in that direction, a0 for a volume fixed at one end and free at the other, k=, Ki = (2)(4 0m) = 8 m ‘Phe moment of inertia for buckling inthe trong, dive fon i oo om)(16 cm)* y= HE _ (02 em)(26 em a (.v0 28) 4.110% me Caleulate the critical buckling force from Ruler’s toa p= BI (KP Lc Mai! PEJA 0° wt (8m)? = 13109 N (13 MN} ‘his is tess chan for buckling in the weak ditection, ‘This force controls Tho answer fs (a),| Thecrospectioal ace of square column io 4 = 0.01 m? (2) ‘The moment of inertia of the square crass section is Bh (tc $a = B80 x 10° mit (100 Abe distance from the neutral axis to the extreme fibers is 0.05 mm, 9000.1 , (-9000 N)(2.5 om)(0.05 1) | O0L a * an x 10-*8)(100 ©) = 910° Pat 1.35 x10 Pa (800 kPa & 1350 kPa) i ‘The first term is due to the compressive column load and is compressive, (Compressive foroes and stresses are (usually given a negative sign.) The second term is due to the eccontriity. The seeond term inoroases the compres ‘ive stress tthe inner (ace. Tt counteracts te eompres, sive stress at the outer face, ‘The maximum tensile stress ie mx = ~900 KPa + 1350 kPa = 450 kPa The answer is (A) 3, The middle one-fifth of the column is « square with dimensions of 6/5 x 8/5 (0.26% 0.28), area of prrited Feaaing “sa Pana je ol | fo2e |e “0 ae SoLUWNS 32. The maximum stress will be induced when the middle ‘one-fifth square is loaded at one of fas corners ‘Tho cross-sectional area is Asi ‘The moment of inertin of the square cross section is at 2 The distance from the neutral axis to the extreme fibers is i 2 ‘The maximnum eoountricity is e= 0b ‘The otress at the extreme comer is Py Fests Apri Feyey 2)(0.10)| a c2ay6 mx(io! (250 Pa) (208 a ) =0177 m (18 em) The answer is (0), 4. The beam experiences both axial tension and bond ing stresses, 90 it should be analyaed ag a beatn-colan DMA = (850 N)(7 mm) + (225 NY(sin 45°)(7 m) (225 N)(cos45°)(5 m) 2768 Nm s of Es