RGP notes ANTHROPODA SEBAGAI PENYEBAB PENYAKIT DAN VECTOR :::VEIN:::

Class Myriapoda • Terresterial animals

• Segmented and elongated body
• A pair of legs on each segment
• 2 Order:
– Ordo Diplopoda: Millipedes (Kaki seribu, Fontaria sp.) host of
Hymenolepis diminuta
– Ordo Chilopoda: Centipedes (Lipan) are poisonous (Scolopendra sp.)
Class Arachnida • Terrestrial animals
• Some poisonous and painful biting
• Vector of viral diseases
• 4 order:
– Scorpionida (Kalajengking, Buthus sp.)--beracun
– Aranea (Laba-laba beracun, Lactrodectus sp.)--beracun
– Ixodoidea (Tick=sengkenit, Ixodes sp.)-- paralisis motorik
– Sarcoptoidea (Tungau: Tanah, debu, kudis Sarcoptes scabei)-- asthma
(alergi), kudis
Class Insecta • Body: Head, thorax, abdomen
(Serangga) • 3 pair of legs on thorax
• Important order:
– Diptera (Lalat & Nyamuk)
– Siphonaptera (kutu binatang)
– Anoplura (Kutu manusia =Pediculidae)
– Hemiptera (Kutu busuk)
– Orthoptera (Kecoa)
– Lepidoptera (Gol. Kupu-kupu & Moth)
– Coleoptera (Gol. Kumbang)
– Hymenoptera (Gol. Lebah & Rayap)
RGP notes ANTHROPODA SEBAGAI PENYEBAB PENYAKIT DAN VECTOR :::VEIN:::

Diptera • Head, Thorax, Abdomen

• 2 pair of wings (fungsional + halter)
• Three pairs of leg

Mosquitoes • Long proboscis

Psychodidae (Sand-flies)
Ceratopogonidae
(Gnats, Biting Midges)
• Specific wing venation
• Male do not suck blood
• Female mostly need blood meal for egg, except autogenous
female, such as Toxorhynchites spp.
• The blood sucking member is Phlebotomus sp.
• Breeding sites are never aquatiq
• Lay eggs on moist and dark crack & crevices (shady side at the
base of a building)
• Small size adults and can pass mosquito net
• Mouthparts like in mosquitoes but shorter
• Cause diseases: Sand-fly fever (virus), Bartonellosis (bacteria:
Bartonella bacilliformis), Leishmaniasis (parasites: Leishmania
spp.)
• Only Culicoides sp. is medically important
• Smal dark flies, long 15-jointed pilose antena in both males and
females
• Spotted wings
• Lay a single row of eggs in water (crab holes, tree holes,
decaying vegetation, aquatic plants, etc.)
• Vector of filarial worms: Achantocheilonema perstans and
Mansonella ozzardi