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    M.Sc. Physics (Annual Scheme) PDF

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    UNIVERSITY OF RAJASTHAN JAIPUR SYLLABUS M.Sc. PHYSICS (ANNUAL SCHEME) M.Sc. (Previous) Examination 2018 MSc. (Final) Examination 2019 fhe Ordinance governing the examinations in the Faculties of Ans, Fine Ars. Social Sciences. Science Commerce and Law are contained in a separate booklet The students are advised to refer to the same Changes in. Statutes/Ordinances/Rules/Regulations/ Syllabi and Books may, from time to time, be made by amendment or re-making and a candidate shal.. except in so far as the University determines otherwise comply with any change that applies to years he has not SCHEME OF EXAMINATION (Annual Scheme) Each Theory Paper hrs: daration 100 Marks Dissertation /Thisis! Survey ReporFielé ‘Work, if any, 100 Marks 2, ‘Tye number of papers and the maximum marks for each paper / completed at the time of change. > All court cases shall be subject to the jurisdiction of the Rajasthan University head quarter at Jaipur only and not any other place © University of Rajasthan, Jaipur Published by Shiv Book Depot, Jaipur for University of Rajasthan Printed by Harish Printers, Jaipur rat REBT iC) spa DY pcodefaaiss™ worst pur pave hal Practical shall be shown in the syllabus forthe subject concerned. Iwill be necessary for a candidate to passin theory partas in the Praccical part (Wherever prescribed) of a subjeclpar =~ soparately. as A candidate for a pass at cach of the Previous ané the Final ‘Examination shall be required to obtain (i) atleast 36% masks in the aggregate of all the papers preseribed for the examination and i) atleast 36% marks in practical (s) wherever prescribed a we examination, provided that ia candidate fails to secure ath 258% masks in each individual paper atthe examination, and alse in the test dissertation/Survey report Field Work. »! prescribed, be shall be deemed to have failed atthe exam-nauor notwithstanding his having gbrined the minimum percen age 9 marks required in the aggregate for that examination. No division will be awarded at the Previous Fxamination. Division stalt te awarded at the end of the Final Examination on the combines marks obtained atthe Previous and the Final Examinations takea together, as noted below: est Division 601] Of Ue aereeate marks taken ‘Second Division 48% PiOeeE OF Ue Previous and tbe Final Examinations. ‘All the rest will be declared to have passed the examination 41 University of Rajasthan 4, If a candidate Clears any Paper (s) / Practical (s) / Dissertation Prescribed at the Previous and/or Final examination after a Continuous period of three years, then for the purpose of working out bis division the minimum pass masks only viz, 25% (36% in the case of practical) shall be taken into account in respect of such Paper (s) Practical (s)/ Dissertation as are cleared after the expiry of the aforesaid period of three years : provided that in case where. 4 candidate requires more than 25% masks in order to reach the ‘minimum aggregate as many masks ovt of those actually secure by him will be taken into account as would enable him fo make up the deficiency in the requisite minimum aggregate. ‘The Thesis/ Dissertation/ Survey Report Field Work shall (ypewritten and subraited in triplicate so as to reach the office of the Registrar atleast 3 weeks before the commencement of the teary ‘examination, Only such candidates shall be permitted to offer Dissertation’ Field Work! Survey Report Thesis (If provided in the scheme of Examination) in liew of a paper as have secured atleast $5% marks in the aggregate of all the paper prescribed for ‘he previous examination inthe case of annual scheme irespective of the number of paper in which a candidate acruallf appeased at the examination, N.B.—Non-Collegiate candidates are not eligible to offer dissertation as per provisions of 0.170-A. saa a ee Dyin 5 paver Syllabus : M, Se. Phwties 5 M, Sc PHYSICS PREVIOUS Paper-I: Clasical Mechanics and Mathematica: Max. Marks 1() Method in Physics Tine 3 hire Paper-Il : Classical Electrodynamics Max. Marks 109 , Time 3 bs. Papes-III : Quanoum Mechanics, Atomic and Molecular Physics Max. Marks 100 Time $b, PapertV : Electronics, Numerical Methods and Max. Marks 1(0 + Computer Programming Time 3 1s PAPER - I: CLASSICAL MECHANICS AND MATHEMATICAL, METHODS IN PHYSICS Max. Marks 1CO Durauon Note: InallTen questians are to be set, Five from eack section. Candicirss: are required tourtenp five questions in al, taking at leas + questions from each section. Section 1. Holonomic and nonholonomic constraints: D-Alember's Princip!= Generalized coordinates, Lagrangian, lagrange’s equation and its aplicauice ‘Velocity dependant potential in Lagaragian formulation. Generalized omer ‘Legendre transformation, Hamiltonian, Hamilton's Canonical equa:zon. 2. Calculus of variations and its application to simple pro’ Hamilton's variational principle, Derivation of Lagrange's and Hamition. a ‘equation from Hamilto’s variational principle Extension of Halton’: Pr: fer nonconservative and nonbslonomicsystems, Method of Lagrange’s liner ‘Conservation principle and Noetber’s theorem. Conservation of en: ‘momentum and angular momentum as @ consequence of bomogeacity ef & snd scope and isotropy of space respectively. 3, Canonical transformation, integral in variants of poinc:se Lageange's and Poisson brackets as canonical invariants. Equation of motto: im Poisson bracket formulation, Infinitesimal contact transformation and reaeratoes of symmetry, Liowville's theorem, Hamilton Jacobi eq ation 3 ‘RS applications. 4., Action engle, variable adiabatic invariance af action variable : Ths Keplerproblem imacticn angle variables, theory of smail oscillation in Lagrangian focmntation, normal coordinates and its applications, Orthgonal trans‘ormation. Bulecian angles, Enlec theorem. Eieenvatnes nthe inant= enn Tt University of Rajasthan /-v Section B 5. Coordinate transformation in N-dimesional space: Contravriant and covariant tensor, Jacobian, Relative tensor, pseudo tensors (Example: change density, angular momentum) Algebra of tensors, Metric tensor, Associated tensors, Reimanuian space (Example : Euclidean space and 4.D Minkowski space), Christoffel symbols, wansCormation of Christoffel symbols, Covariant differentiation. Riccis theorem, Divergence. Curl and Laplacian in {ensor form. Stress and Strain tensors. Hook's law in tensor fon, Lorentz Covariance of Maxwell equation. Klein-Gordon and Dirac equation. Test of covariance of Schrodinger equation 6 Group of transformations. (Exay symmetry transformation of square, Generators of a finite group, Normal subgroup, Direct product of Beoups, Isomorphism and Homomosphism. Representation theory of Finite ‘sroups, Invariant subspace and reducible representations, irreducible ‘representation, Crystallo-graphic point groups. lreducible representation of C,,. Translation group and the reciprocal lattice 7. Fourier Transfonns : Development of the Fourier integral from {he Founer Series, Fourier and inverse Fourie transforms Signple applications: Finite wave win, Wave train with gaussian amplitude, Fourier transform of derivatives, solution of wave equation as an application, Convolution theorem, Intensity in tecns of spectral density for quasi-monoclomatic EM waves. Momentum representation, Application to hydrogen atom and harmonic oscillator problems. Application of Fourier transform to diffraction theory Ditfeaction patern of ove and two slits, 8. Laplace transforins, and their properties, Laplace transform of derivatives und integrals, derivativesand integral of Laplacs transform, Laplace tansform of periodic functions, inverse Laplace transform, Convolution theorem, Impnlsive Function, Application of Laplace transform in solving linear, differential equations with constant cocfficient with variable coefficient ‘und linear partial differential equation Reference Books: 1, Goldstein —Classical Mechanics Landau and Lifshitz—Classical Mechanics. A. Raychoudhary—Classical Mechanic: Mathematical Methods for Physicists : George Arkfen (Academic Press) Applied Mathematics Crawaiith Mathematical Methods—Potter and Goldberg (Prentice Hall of India). Elements of Group Theory for Physicists: A. W. Josbi (Wiley Eastern Ltd) nigineers ard Physicists : L. A. Pipe (Me University of Rajasthan / 7 PEPER - Il : CLASSICAL ELECTRODYNAMICS Max. Marks 100 Duration 3 brs Note: Inall Ten questions are to be set, Five from each section. Candidtes are requdred to attempt five quections in all, taking at least 10 questions froth each section, Section 1. Electrestatios: Electric field. Gauss law, Differemial fo Gauss law, Another equation of electrostatics and the scalar potential. sueface distribution of charges and cipoles and discontinuties in the elect field and potential, Poisson and Laplace equations, Green's Theorem, Uniqueness of the solution with Dirichlet or Neumann Boundary conditions, Formal solution of Electrostatic Bourdary value problem with Green's Function, Electrosial¢ potential energy and energy density, capacitance Boundary-Value Problems in Electrostatics : Methods of Imases Point charge inthe presence of a grounded conducting sphere point charge in the presence of a charge insulated conducting sphere, Point charge near 2 conducting sphere at fixed potential, conducting sphere in 2 uniform elec field by method of images. Green furiction for the sphere, General solutios for Lhe potential, Conducting sphere with Hemispheres at different potential orthogonal functions and expansicn 2. Multipoies, Electrostatics of Macroscopic Media Dieleetries: ‘Muluple expansion, ukipole expansion ofthe energy of a charge cistribusc: in an external field, Elementary treatment of electrostatics with zermead! inedia, Boundary value problems with dielectns, Molar polarizability, a clecric susceptibility. Models for molecular polarizability, Blectro static exes in diclectric media . 3. Magnetostatics : Introduction and definition, Biot end Saver: law, the differential equation of magnetostatics and Ampere’s aw, Vector potential and Magnetic induction for a circular current loop, Magnetic fields of a localized current distribution, Magnetic moment, Force and torque cn and energy of alocalized current distribution in an extemal magnetic induction, Macroscopic equations. Boundary conditions on 3 and H. Methods nf solving, Boundary-value problems in magnetostatics, Uniformly magnetized spe Magnetized sper in ar. extemal field, Permanent magnets, Magnetic sielcin: spherical shell of permeable material in an uniform field 4, Time varying fields, Maxwell's equations Conservation Laws: Energy ina magnetic field, Vector and Scalar potentials, Gauge transformations, of Lorenty eanoa Cas Syllabus: M, Se. Physics 78 Derivation of the equations of Macroscopic Electromagnetism, Poyating's theorem and conservations of energy and momentum fora system of charged Particles and EM fields, Conservation laws for macroscopic media. Electromagnetic field tensor, Transformation of four. potentials and four Currents. Tensor description of Maxwell's equation, Section B S_ Plane Blectromagnetic Waves and Wave Equation : Plane wave im ancnconducting medium, Frequency dispersion characteristics of dielectrics, Conductors and plasmas, waves in a conducting or dissipative medium, super Position of wavesin one dimension, group velocity, casualty connection between Dang E, Kramers-Kroning relation, 6. Magnetohydrodynamics and Plasma Physics «Introduction and definitions, MHD equations Magnetic diffusion viscosity and pressure, Pinch effect instabilities ina pinched plasma columa, Magnetobydrodynamic waves, Plasma oscillations, short wave length limit of plasma oscillations and Debye shielding distance. 7. Covariant Form of Electrodynamic Equations : Mathematical properties of the space-time special relativity, Invariance of electric charge covariance of electrodynamics, Transformation of electromagnetic Belds. Radiation by moving charges : Lienard-wiechert Potentials for a point charge, Total power radiated by an accelerated charge : Larmour’s formula anditsrelauvistic generalization, Angular distribution of radiation emitted by an accelerated charge, Radiation emitted by a charge in arbitrary extremely relativistic motion. Distribution in frequency and angle of energy radiated by accelerated charges, Thomson scattering and radiation, scattering by quasifiee charges, coberent and incoherent scattering, Chetenkov radiation. §, Radiation damping, self felds of a particle, scattering and absorption of radiation by a bound system : Introductory considerations, Radiative reaction force from conservation of energy, Abrabam Lorentz evaluation ofthe seif force, difficulties with abraham Lorentz model, Integro- differential equation of motion inciuding radiation damping, Line Breadth and level sbift of an oscillator, Scattering and absorption of radiation by an oscillator, Energy transfer to a harmonically bound charge. Reference Books. LL.D Tackson—Classical Electrodynamics Panofsky and Philips Classical Electricity and Magnetism Introduction to Etectrodynamics—Griffiths Landau and Lifshitz—Classical Theory of Feld University of Rajasthcn PAPER - IIT: QUANTUM MECHANICS, ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS Max. Marks 100 Duration 3 bit Note: InaltTen questions aretobe set Five from each tection. Cancliases are required to attempt five questions in all, taking at Leas: questions from each section. Section 1. (@) States, Amplitudes and Operators: States of a quanta's mechanical system, represectation of quantum - mechanical states. proper of quantum mechanical amplitude, operators and change of state, compet setof basis states, products of linear operators language of quantum mechanics. postulates, essential definitions and commutation relations 1. @) Observable and description of system: Process «! measurement, expectation values, time dependence of quantum mechanic amplitude, observables with no classical analogue, spin, depender ‘quantura-mechanical amplitude on position, the wave fenction, super: psi'°> of amplitudes, identical panicles. 2. Hamiltonian matrix and the time evolution of Quan'um ‘mechanical States : Hesmitiity of ths Hamiltonian matrix, Time indepen Jes perturbation of an arbitrary system, simple matrix examples of tim independent perturbation, energy given states of a two state-system. iagonalizing of energy matrix, time independent perturbation of two stet system the perterbative solution: Weak field and strong field cases, generz descziption of two state system, Paoli matrices. Ammonia molecule as example of two site system. 3, Transition Between Stationary States: Transitions in a tac 98 system, ime dependemt pernirbations- The Golden rule, phase space, e788 and absorption of radiation, induced dipole transition and spontaneous ems of radiation, energy widks of a quasi staionary state ‘The Co-ordinate Representation: Compatitleobservables, qua: conditions and uncertainty relation, Co-ardinate representation of operates. ‘position, momentum and angular momentum, time dependence of expecta:0" values, the Bbreafest’s theorem, the time evolution of wave function, th: Schrodinger equation, energy quantization periodic potentialasanexampit 3p 4, Symmetries and Angular momentum : (a) Compatible observables and constants of motion, symmetry transformation 23< es # conservation laws, invasiance under space and time translations and space oe rotation and conservations of momentum, energy and angular momentum TRV hnmtne = Syllabus : M. Se, Physics /10° ‘fepresentations ofthe angular momentum operators and ther eigenstates, co- ordinate representations of the orbital angular momentum cperators and their Ciben sate (spherical tamonics), composition of angular momentum, Clebsch- Gorton nefficients tensor opecators and Winger Expar theorem, comuniiation ‘elations, of x, Jy, Ja with reduced spherical tensor operator, matrix clements of weetor operators time reversal invariance and vanishing of stati elecmic dipole moment ofa stationary state, Section B 5. Hydrogen Atom : Gross structure energy spectrum, probability distribution of radial and angular (¢=1, 2) wave functions (no derivation), ‘flee of spin, relativistic correction to energy levels and fine structure, magnetic Gipole imteraction ang hyperfine structure, the Lamb shift (on'y an qualitative description), & Interaction with External Fields : Non degenerate first order stationary perturbation method, atom in a weak uniform extearal electric field and first and second order Stark effect, calculation of the polarizability of the ‘sound sate of H-atom and of an isotropic harmonic oscillator, Degenerate. stationary perturbation theory, Linear Stark effect for H-atom levels, inclusion of spin-orbit and weak magnetic field, Zeeman effect, strong magnetic field and calculation of interaction energy, 7. Systems with Identical Particles: Indistinguishability and exchange symmetry, maay particle wave functions and Pacli’s exclusion principle, spectroscopic terms for atoms, ‘The Helium atom, Variational method and its use in the ealeulation of ground state and excited state energy, Helium atom, The Hydrogen molecule, Heitler-London method for H, molecule, WKB method for one dimensional Problem, application to bound states (Bohe-Sommertield quantization) and the barrier penetration (alpha decay, problems 8. Spectroscopy (qualitative) : General features of the spectra of fone and two electron system-singlet, double: and triplet characters of emission speci, general fearures of Alkali spectra, rotation and vibration band spectrum of amolecule, PQandR branches, Raman spectra for rotational ard vibrational transitions, comparison with infrared spectra, general features of electronic spectra, Frank and Condo's principle Reference Books 1. Ashok Das and A.C. Melissionos. Quantum Mechanics. A modem Approach (Gordon and Breach Science Publishers), 2. PAM, Dirac, Quantum Mechanics. 3. E. Merzbaker, Quantum Mechanics, Second Edition (John Willey and Sons). University of Rajasthan ? 4, L.P. Landau and E.M. Lifshitz, Quantum Mechanics-Non relativistic theory Pergamon Press) ; . 5. A. Ghatak and S. Lokanathan. Quantum Mechanics: ‘Taeory and Applications, Third Edition (Mac Millan India Ltd.) 6.56. K. Wocdgate, Elementary Atomic Structure, Second Edition Clarendon Press, Oxford. 7. TA. Litdefeld- Atomic and Molecular Physics. ae 8, Eistanberg end Rasmik- Quantum Physics of Aroms. Mélecutes, Sohds. and Nuclear Parties 9, White - Atomic Spectre. 10, Herzberg- Molecular Spectra. PAPER - IV : ELECTRONICS, NUMERICAL METHOD AND COMPUTER PROGRAMMING shes Max. Masks 100 Duration 3 Note 7 1. Inall Ten questions are 10 be set. Five from eack sect Candidates are required to attempt five questions in all, taking at Least wo questions from each section. ; 2. Simpie calculctor ie allowed inthe examination hal! Section A + Differential amplifier - circu: 1. Operational Amplifiers : Differential sr configurations -dvalinpat, balanced output differential amplifies. DC a2 al ‘i TAC analysis, inventing ané nos inverting inputs, CMRR - constant ct bias level translator Block diagram ofa pies! Op-Amp-ansivis. Open loor configuration, iwerting an€ non-inverting amplifiers, Op-amp :b aegativ feedback - voltage series feed back - effect of feed back on closed loop gat input resistence, output resistance, bandwidth and ourput offset voxage voltage follower. ; . : Practical op-amp-input offset voltage - input bias current oe offset current, total output offset voltage, CMRR Gequency responce. < and AC amplifier. summing scaling and averaging ampliers,instrumentatcs amplifier, integrator and differentiator. . nae 2: Oscillators and Wave Shaping Circuits: Oscillator Principle Oscillator types, Frequency stability, response, The Phase shift ascillater. ‘Wein bridge Oscillater, LC tunable oscillators, Mulivbrators- Menestabie and Astable, Comparators, Square wave and Triangle wave generation, Clamping and Clipping. . Voltage requlators- fixed regulators, Adjustable voltag loos ee nee TEESE Syllabus : M.Sc. Physics / 12. | 3. Digital Blectronies : Combinational Logic :The transistor as a} Switch. circuit Realisation of OR, AND, NOT, NOR and NAND gates, Exclusive | OR gate. Boolean algebra - Demorgan's theorems Addet, Subtractor, Comperator, Decoder! Demultiplexer Data celectorimultiplexer Encoder, Sequential Logic: Flip - Flops : one - bit memory, The RS Flip- flop, JK Flip- Flop, JK master slave Rip - Flops, T Flip - Flop. D Flip - Flop, Shift resisters - synchronous and asynchronous counters- cascade counters, Binary counter, Decade counter, ___ Basic concepts about fabrication and characteristics of integrated circuits, 4. Microprocessors : Introduction to microcomputers : memory - ‘npuv/output - Interfacing devices 8085, CPU - Architecture - BUS timings - Demultiplexing the address bus generating control signals - Instruction set - Addressing modes - Wlustrative programmes - writing assevibly language programmes looping, counting and iridexing - counters and timing delays - stack and subroutine. Section B 8. Errorsin numerical analysis: Source of error, Round off error, Computer Asithmetie, Erot Analysis, Condition and stability, Approximation, Functional and Exror analysis, the method of Undetermined Coefficients Use of interpolation formula, Iterated interpolation, Inverse interpolation, Hasmite interpolation and Spline interpolation, Solution of Linear equations : Direct and Iterative methods, Calculation of eigen values andeigen vectors for sysmmetrie matrices. 6. Solution of Nonliner equation: Bisection method, Newton's method, modified Newton's method, method of teratioa, Newton's method and method of iteration for a system of cosvation Newton's method for the case of complex roots, Integration ofa function: Trapezoidal and Simpson's rules. Gaussian quadrature formula, Singular integrals, Double integration 7. Integration of Ordinary differential equation : Predictor - corrector methods, Runga-Kutta method. Simultaneous and Higher order equations Numerical Integration and Differentiation of Data, LeastSquares Approximations, Fast Fourier Transform. Some elementary information about Computer: CPU, Memory, Inpul Output devices, Super, Mini and Miero systems, MS-DOS operating system, High Level Languages, Interpreter and Compiler. Programming: Y University of Rajasthan / 13 8. Fortran 77: Variables, Expressions, Sumping. Branching ard Looping statements, Inpat! Output sttement, Statement for handling Input Oviput Files, Subroutine. Extemal Punction, special statements: COMMON, ENTRY, FORMAT. PAUSE, EQUIVALENCE, Programming of simple problems involving use of intzqpolation differentiation, imegration, matnx inversion and least square analysis, Reference Books: ; 1, Ryder—Electronic Fundamentals aid applications 2. Millman and Tuub—Palse, Digital and Switching wave forms 43. Millman and Helidas—Integrated Electronics 4, Ryder—network Lines and Fits, 5 Bapat—Blectronies Devices and Circuits. 6. ARalstonandP. Rabinowitz, A First Course in Numberical enalysis Me Graw Hill (1985) $$. Sastry, Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis. ball of India (1979). 8, Ram Kumar, Programming with Fortran 77, MeGraw-Hill (1986) 9, "Electronic Devices and crenit theory” by Robert Boylested and Louts Nasbsky PHI, New Dethi. 1100 001, 1991 10, “OP Amps é Linear integrated circuits,” by Ramakanth A. Gaya PHI, Second Edition, 1991 11, "Digital principles and Applic “ions” by A.P. Malvino and Donal PLeach, Tata Megraw - Hill company, New Delhi, 1992 12, "Microprocessor Architecture, Programming ané applications with 8085/8086 by Ramech S. Gaonkar, Wiley - Eastem Ltd, 1987, : LIST OF EXPERIMENTS FOR M.Sc PREVIOUS | Scheme ‘The examination willbe conducted for two days, 6hrs. each day. Ths distribution of the marks will be as Follows Marks: 120 Two experiments v Viva 40 Record 40, Toul 200 ‘Minimum Pass Marks 72 List of Experiments (any eighteen) : : 1. To design a single stage amplifier of a given voltage gain and lower cut of frequencies. 2, To determine Lo. Co. and RF of a given coil and co study the variations of RF with frequency. Splabus 6, Se. Physics) 3. To design RC coped wo sage ample gh the cut off frequencies. vase ca 4. To study Hartley osciltator. ‘To Study Transistor bias Stability, 6. To design a Multivibrator of given frequency and study its wave shape. To study the characteristics of FET and use it 0 design an relaxation oscillator and measure its frequen: fo study the characteristics of an operational amplifier. To study the characteristics of a UIT and use it to design a telaxation oscillator andmeasuceits frequency. 10. To study the addition, integration and differentiation properties of an operational amplifier. 11, Determine Plack constant using solar Cel 12. To determine Plack constant and work function by a photo-cell 13. To study reguiated power sups i wer supply using (A) Zener diode onty (b) Zener diode with a series tansistor (c) Zener diode with a: ‘shunt transistor 14, To verify Fresnel’s formula 1S, Tostudy the percentage regulation and variation of Ripple factor, with load for a full wave rectifier. . ‘To study analog to digital and digital o analog conversion, Tostudy a driven mechanical oscillator To verify Hartmano's formula using constant deviation spectrograph. 19, To find e/m of electron using Zeeman effect. 20, To find Dissociation energy to 21, Study of CH Bands. 22, Salt Analysis/Raman effect (Atomic). 23. Design and study of pass filters. 4. Michelson Interfecometer, Fabry patot Interferometer. 26, Determination of velocity of Ultrasonic waves. 27, Study of Eliptically polarised light by Babinet Compensator. 28, Verification of Cauchey’s Dispersion relation, 29, Study of DC gate control characteristics and Anode current University of Rajasthan / 15 M. Se PHYSICS FINAL Paper-V : Advanced Quantum Mechdnics Max Masks 100 and Inoductory Quantum Field ‘Time 3 brs. Paper'VI _Nucleas Physics Max Marks 100 Time 3 brs Paper-Vit_ = Statistical and Solid State Physics Max Marks 100 Time 3 his Paper-VUL : (A)M:crowave Electronics Max Marks 100 Tame 3 hrs oR Paper-VIsL : (B) Plasma Physics Max Marks 100 ‘Time 3 hrs. PAPER-V : ADVANCED QUANTUM MECHANICS AND INTRODUCTORY QUANTUM FIELD THEORY Max. Macks 100 Duration 32s Note; Init Ten questions ret be set. Five from each section. Candicates ‘are required to attempt five questions in all, taking at Yeast 160 ‘questions from each section. Section A 1. Scattering {non-relati_stie) : Differential and toil seatte-ing cross section, transformation froma CM frame to Lab frame, soiution of scattering problem by the mnethod of partial wave analysis, expanston 9! & plane wave into a spherical wave and scattering amplitude, the optical ‘theorem, Applications - scattering from a delta potential, square well potes tial and the hard gphere scattering of identical particles, energy depandence and resonance scattering. Breit-Wigner formuia, quasi stalonary states. “The Lippman-Scbwinger equation and the Green’s function apprcach foc scattering problem, Bom approximation and its validity for scattering ‘protein, Coulomb satering problem under fist Born approximation in clastic scatering, 2. Relativistic Formulation and Dirac Equation : Attempt for relativistic formulauion of quantum theory, The Klein-Gordon equation, Probability density and probability carent density, solution of free particle K.G. equation in momentum representation, interpretation of negative probability density and negative energy solutions. Dirac equation for a free particle, properties of Dirac matrices and algebra of gamma matrices, non-relativistic comespondence of the Peli Syllabus: M. Se, Physics / 167 Dirac equation, orthogonality and completeness relations for Dirac spinors. interpretation of negative energy solution and hole theory. 3. Symmetries of Dirac Equation : Lorentz covafiance of Dirac equation, proof of covariance and derivation of Lorentz boost and totation matrices for Dirac spinors, Projection operators involving four momentum and spin, Party (P), charge conjugation (C), time reversal (T) and CPT operators for Dirac spinors, Billinear covarians, and their transformations behaviour under Lorentz transformation, PC\T. and CPT, expectation values of co-ordinate and velocity involving only-positive energy solutions and the associated Problems, inclusion of negative energy solution, Ziter bewegung, Klain paradox, . 4. The Quantum Theory of Radiation : Clasical radiation feld, transversality condition, Fourier decomposition and radiation oscillators, Quantization of radiation oscillator, creation, annibilation and mumber ‘operators, photon states, photon as a quantum mechanical excitations of the radiation field, fuctuations and the uncertainty relation, validity ofthe classical description, matrix element for emission and abcorption, spontaneous emission in the dipole approximation, Rayleigh scattering. Thomson scatering andthe Raman effect, Radiation damping and Resonance fluorescence, Section B S. Scalar and vector flelds : Classical Lagrangian field theory, Euler-Lagrange’s equation. Lagrangian density for electromagnetic field. Occupation number representation for simple harmonic oscillator, linear array of coupled oscillators, second quantization of identical bosons, second quantization of the real Klein Gordan field and complex Klein-Gordan feld, the meson propagator. 6, The occupation number representation for fermions, second quantization ofthe Dirac filed, the femion propagator, the,c.m. interaction and gauge invariance, covariant quantization ofthe free electromagnetic field, the photon propagator. 7, Somatcix, the S-matrx expansion, Wick's theorem, Diagrammatic representation in configuration space, the momentum representation, Feynman diagrams of basic processes, Feynman rules 6f QED. 8. Applications of S-matrix formalism: the Coulomb scattering, Bhabha scattering, Moller scattering, Compton scattering and pair production. Reference Books : . I, Ashok Das and A.C. Millisiones: Quantum Mechanics -A Modem . * Approach (Garden and Breach Science Publishers). : FE. Merzbaker : Quantum Mechanics, Second Edition : ‘Wilev and sons) University of Rayasthan / 17 Bjorkon and Deol; Relativistic Quan:um Mechanics (MGraw Hill) J, Sakuri: Advanced Quantum Mechanics (Jon Wiley) E Mandal & G. Shaw, Quantum izle theory (Jolin Wiley) JIM. Ziman, Elements of Advance Quantum Theery. (Cambridge University Press). PEPER - VI: NUCLEAR PHYSICS Max. Matks 100 Duration 3 irs. Note: Inall Ten questionsare to be set. Five from each section, Canaidates are required 10 attempt five questions in all, aking ar least two questions from each section. Section 1. Two Nucleon system and Nuclear Forces : General nature of the force between nucleons, saturation of nuclear forces. charge independence and spin dependence, General forms of two nucleon interaction, cen-ral, nonceniral and velocity dependent potemtia's, Anabysis of te ground state QS, of deuteron using» square well potetial. range-depth relaconsbip, excited states of deuteron, Discussion of the ground sute of deutron under noncertral force, calculation of the electric quadrupole ad inagnetic d:pole moments and the D-state admixture. 2. Nucleon-Nucleon Scattering and Potentials : Partial wave analysis of the neutron-proton scattering. at low energy assuming central potential with square well shape, concept of the scattering length, coberent scattering of neutrons by protons in (ortho and para) hydrogen molecule conclusions of these analyses regarding scatering lengths. range and depth of the potential the effective range theory (in neviron-proten scattering) and the sbape independence of nuclear potential; A qualitative discussion of proton- proton scattering at low energy: General f2atures of two-body scattering at high energy Effect of exchange forces: Puenomemonoiogical iiamiada- Johnstontiard core potential and Reid hard core and softcore potentials; Main features of the One boson Exchange Potentia’s (OBEP) no derivation, 3. Interaction of radiation and charged particle with matter (No extvation): Law of absorption and attenuation ccefTicieat; Photoclectsc effect, ‘Connpton scétesing, pair production; Klein-Nishina cross sections f6r polarized and unpolarized radiation, angular distribution of scattered photon and electrons, Energy loss of charged particles due to sonization, Bremstrahung; energy tatget and projectile dependence of all three processes, Range-energy curves; Siraggling, 4. Experimental Techniques : Gas ‘illed counters; Scintillatior Syllabus :, Se, Physies / 18 counter; Cerenkov counters; Solid state detectors; Surface barrier detectors; Electronic circuits used with typical nuclear detectors; Muliwire proportion chambers: Nuclear emulsions, techniques of measuremert and analysis of tacks; Proton synchrovon: Linear accelerations; Acceleration of heavy ions, Section B 5. Nuclear shell model : Single particle and collective motions in nyelei: Assumptions and justification tre shell model, averaze shell potential, spin orbit coupling: single particle wave functions and level sequence; magic numbers: shell model predi momentum, parison with ration mining: single particle transition probability aecording tu tie shelf moet: selection niles: approximate estimates for the tcansition probaihty and Weisskopf units: Nuch ions for ground state parity; angula magneuc dipole und electrie-quadrupole moments; and theic et ta datas eon somnerism, 6, Collective nuclear models : Collective viable to describe the cooperative modes of nuclear motion; Parametrization of nuclear surface; A brief description of the collective model Hamiltonian (in the quadratic approximation); Vibrational modes of a spherical nucleus, Collective modes of deformed even-even mucieus and moments of inertia; Collective spectra and elecuomaguetic transit lei and compadison with experimental data; Nilsson snodel for de single particle states in deformed auclei., 7, Nuclear gamma and heta deeay : Flecuic and magnetic multipole ina decay probabilities in nuclear system (no derivations) 1 probabi jon in even ny moments and g Selection relés: Internal conversion and zer0~ & acteristics of weak nteracion; nuclear beta decay and lepton capture electron energy speetrum ind Femni-Kureplot Fermi th” ~ beta decay (parity conserved selection aules Feemi and Gammow-Teller) tor allowed transitions: ft-values; General interaction Hasniltonian for beta decay ‘with parity conserving and non conserving terns; Forbidden transitions; Experimental verification of parity violation; The V-A interaction and experimental evidenee 8. Nuclear Reactions: Theories of Nuclear Reactions; Panial wave analysis of reaction Cross section; Compound nucleus formation and breakup: Resonance scattering and reaction- Breit-Wigner dispersion formula for s- ) ccntintum cross section: statistical Uneory of nuclear reactions, evaporation probability and cross ccton fr specific reactions Tue optical ode sad their simple theoretical description (Buller ns approximation (PWBA) Shoricomings of PWBA Suiping anc ene University of Rajasthan: / 19 Reference Books 1. LM Blatt and VEE. Weisskipf; Theoratical Nuclear Physics. 2. Statistica: theory of nuclear reactions, Exapzration probability and ross section for specific reaction. LAB Elton : Introductory Nuclear Theory. ELBS Pub. Londen, 1959 B.K, Agrawl : Niclear Physies, Laxbhart Pub, Allahabad.1989 MLK. Pal: Nusiear Structure, AMMiiated East-West Press, 1982} RR. Roy and B P. Nigam, Nuclear Physics, Willey-Easter, 1979 M.A, Preston é& R.K Bhaduri-Stucne of the Nucleus, Addision Wesley, 1925 8. RM. Sings: Introductory Experimental Nuclear Physics, 9. England - Techniques on Nuclear Structure (Val. 1) 10. R.D, Evans - The Atomic Nucleus (MoGraw - Hills. 1955) 11, H,Enge - Introduction to Nuclear Physics, Addition-Wesley, 1970 12, WEE, Burchant - Elements of Nuclear Physics, ELBS, Longman, 1988 13, BAL. Cohen - Concept of Nuclear Physics Tata Mc-Graw Hills, 1988 14, B, Segre -Neclei, Particles Benjamin, 1977 15. [Kaplan - Nuclear Physics, Addisoa Wesley, 1963, 16, _D, Hallidy - Introductory Nuclear Physics, Wiley. 1955. 17. Harvey - Introduction of Nuclear Physies and Chemistry PEPER-VII : STATISTICAL AND SOLID STATE PHYSICS Max. Marks 100 Duration 3 brs Note Inal Ten questions are1o be set. Five from: each section. Candidates are required :0 attempt five questions in all taking at least oe questions from each section. Section 1. Basie Principles, Canonical and Grand Canonical ensembles: ‘Concept of statistical disxitution, phase space, density of states, Liouvile's theorem. systems and ensemble, entropy in statistical mechanics Connection bepweea thermodyanic and statistical quantities micro canonical ensemble—_p, as. specific beat and entropy of a perfect gas, using mici. (Canonical ensemble, thermodynamic functions for the canonicat ensemble, calcalation of mean values, energy fluctuation in a gas, grand © canonical ensemble, thermodynamic functions for the grand canoni:at ensemble, density Auctuations 2. Partition functions and Statistics : Partition functions #9 properties, partition functian fore=i#* Syllabus : M. Se. Physics / 20 of translational. tational and vibrational contributions to the petition function cof an tdeal diatomic gas. Specific beat of a diatomic gas, ortho and para bydrogen Identical particles and symmetry requirement, difficulties with Maxwell -Boltzmann statistics, quantum distribution functions. Bose-Einstein and Fenmi-Dirac statistics, Boson statistics and Planck's formula, Bose Einstein condensation, liquid He*asa Boson system, quantization of barmonic osilator and creation and annihilation of Phonon operators, quantization of fermion operators ‘Theory of Metals: Fenni-Dirac distribution function, density of states, emperature dependence of Fermi energy, specific heal, use of Fermi- Dirac statistics in the caleulation of thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity, Widemann - Franz ratio, suscepubility, width of conduction band, Daude theory of light, absorption in metals, 4. Band Theory : Block theorem, Kronig Penny model, effective mass of electrons, Wigner-Seitz approximation, NFE model, tight binding {ation of density for a band in simple cubic lattice, pseudo: ‘method and cal potential method. spir. waves: dispersion relation and its ‘experimental determination by inelastic agpregal Unwversity of Rajasthan #2) Giver and AC and DC, Josephson tunnelings. (b)_ Cooper poirs and derivation of BCS Hamitonian. results of 32S theory (no derivation) Reference Books 1. Husg Statistical Mechanics 2 Reif: Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermod ynamical Phy. 3. Rice: Staustice! mechanics and Thermal Physics 4, Kittle — : Elementary statistical Mechartics 5. Kittle: Introduction te Solid State Physics 6. Palierscu: Solid State Physics 7. Lexy : Solid State Physics 8 'y: Solid State and Semi-conductor Physics. PEPER - VIII : (A) MICROWAVE ELECTRONICS Max. Marks 06 Duration 3 brs Note: Indi. ten questions are tobe set. Five from each section, Candida:e ere rsquired to attempt five questions in all, taking at (east tws ‘questions from each section. Section ‘eduction to microwaves and its frequency spectrum. Apolicatior of microwaves. "Vave guides: (a) Rectangular wave guides: Wave Equation & ts sotutions, TE&TM modes. Dominant mode and choice of wave gui Dimensions Metkods of excitation of wave guide {0) Circular wave guide-wave equation & its solutions. TE, TM & TEM modes, {6) Attenuation - Cause of attenuation in wave guides, walt currert & derivation of attenuation constant, Q of the ware guice (a) Resonators : Resonant Modes of rectangular and cyl adnce cavity resonators, Q of the cavity resonators, Excitation techniques, Introdaction to Microstrip and Dielectic resanater: Frequency meter, (®) Farrites : Microwave propagation in ferrites, Faraday rotation®— Devices employing Faraday rotation (isolator, Grrator 3° Circulator). Introduction to single exystal ferromagne'n © resonators, YIG tuned solid state resonators. Microwave tubes: Space charge spreading of an electroc: beam, Beam M: Sc, Physics 221 aa Blecine & Magnetic field of oscillations. Modes of oscillation & Reference Books: operating characteristics, 1. Blectromagne : etc Waves & Radia Traveling wave tubes: & M ype travelling wave tubes. 2% Teor adappeatonah mcd sets tke dB Gyrotrons: Constructions of diferent Gyrotrons, Held - Paricle Beam (McGraw ily SBYA.B. Browmvell & Interactionin Gyrotron, 3. Introducton to micn 4. Microwave Measurement : 4. Principles orien OY Atwater Gra Ki) (a) Microwave Detectors: Power, Frequency, Attenuation, Impedance I 5. Microwa igomery (Me Graw Ii ve Circuits & Pascive Using smith char, VSWR, Reflecioneter, Direetivity, coupling fees by using direction coupler. i 6. oundations of micrown ew Dethi> : microwave engin. E (©) Complex pennitivity of mavrial & is measurement: definition ot | 7 Microwave Semiconductor Deviessaa ree, MeSH Hi) complex of Solids, liquids and powders using shift of minima method. FLA, Watson wit Circuit applications by & Microw: Section B ‘ave by MLL. Sisodia and Vijay iiay Laxmi Gupta. New Age. Ye 1. @) Avalanche Transit Time Device: Read Diode, Negative resistance ; vine Gupta New Age, Ne of an avalanching p-n Junction diode IMPATT and TRAPATT Kenna Theory, Part-I by RE. of an aalnching Newey ¥ RE. Collis & FJ. Zucker (MeGeaw tl , . 10. Microsu (&) ‘Transfered Electron Device: Gunn effec, two velley, model, High ‘ip Antennas by Babl & Bhart activa (Ar i ficld Domains, Different Modes for Microwave generation, ii Messachausens) ya (Artec House (c) Passive Devices: Termination (Short circu: and matched Rn eo Analysis by C.A. Balanis Harper & Ron tii) Aten he ene Epo ip te Nene Row ib. & Junctions. Directional coupler. venna Theory Analysis by E.A. Wol(J, Wi P lle ; 2. Parametric Amplifier. Varactor, Equation of Capacitance in Linearly ie ‘Atenua Theory & Design by RS Eliott Pry canes graded & abrupt p-n junction, Manely Rowe relatos, parametric cd iN® *leetonics by RI. Soohoo (Addisen eee upeonvertor and Negative resisunce paramevic ampliier.wse of | simp i

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