Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

Diketahui suatu Balok Grid sbb :

Penampang AB dan CD :
5m

D gb h
4m
b
q1 = 1.5 t/m'
q2 = 2 t/m' b = 0.3 m
A B h = 0.6 m
E
b
= 0.5
h

C Koefisien penampang :
2.5 m 2m k = 0.229

gb = 2.4 t/m3

METODE KEKAKUAN
A. Koordinat Struktur dan Derajat Kebebasan D

A B
y D3
z D2
D1
C

B. Koordinat Lokal dan Momen / Torsi yang terjadi

15

13
4
16 14
3 4
11 7 8
1 2 5 6 2
1 9

10

12 3

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

C. Menentukan Matriks Kekakuan [S], Matriks Reaksi akibat Diplacement [RD]

dan Matriks Momen akibat Diplacement [MD]

E
E = Modulus Elastisitas G= m = Poisson Ratio = 0.2
2 ( 1+μ )
I = Inersia Penampang
G = Modulus Geser J = k. b3 . h I = 1/12 . b . h3
J = Konstante Puntir/Torsi
b
3 2 2 = 0.5
I k .b .h. I b b h
J = k . b .h =
I 1
3

. b. h 3
= 12. k . 2 . I = 12 . k .
h ()h
.I
k= 0.229
12

G = 0.417 E J = 0.6870 I GJ = 0.28625 EI

- Untuk D1 = 1 satuan
LAE = 2.5 m
6.EI.D1 LEB = 2m
M =
L2 LCE = 4m MDE D
LED = 5m
6.EI. 1 D1 = 1 satuan
MAE = MEA = = 0.96 EI
LAE2
A MAE MEA E MED MBE B
6.EI. 1
MEB = MBE = = 1.5 EI
LEB2 MEB
MEC
6.EI. 1 MCE
MCE = MEC = = 0.375 EI
LCE2 C

6.EI. 1 MDE
MED = MDE = = 0.24 EI
LED2 MED VDE

VEA MEB MBE

MAE + MEA VED

VAE = VEA = LAE MAE MEA
= 0.768 EI VAE MEC VEB VBE
VEC
MBE + MEB MCE
VEB = VBE = LEB VCE
= 1.5 EI
S11 = VEA + VEB + VEC + VED = 2.5515 EI
MCE + MEC S21 = MEA - MEB = -0.54 EI
VCE = VEC = LCE S31 = MEC - MED = 0.135 EI
= 0.1875 EI
RD11 = VAE = 0.768 EI
MDE + MED RD21 = VBE = 1.5 EI
VED = VDE = LED RD31 = VCE = ###
= 0.096 EI RD41 = VDE = 0.096 EI

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

MD11 = MAE = 0.96 EI MD91 = MEC = 0.375 EI

MD21 = MEA = 0.96 EI MD10.1 = MCE = 0.375 EI
MD31 = 0 MD11.1 = 0
MD41 = 0 MD12.1 = 0
MD51 = MEB = -1.5 EI MD13.1 = MDE = -0.24 EI
MD61 = MBE = -1.5 EI MD14.1 = MED = -0.24 EI
MD71 = 0 MD15.1 = 0
MD81 = 0 MD16.1 = 0

- Untuk D2 = 1 satuan

2. EI
MAE = = 0.8 EI
LAE D

4. EI
MEA = = 1.6 EI
LAE MAE MEA
A E B
4. EI
MEB = = 2 EI
LEB MEB MBE
D2 = 1 satuan

2. EI
MBE = = 1 EI
LEB C
MDE.P

MAE + MEA
VAE = VEA = LAE
= 0.96 EI VEA MED.P MEB MBE

MEB + MBE
VEB = VBE = LAE MAE MEA MEC.P
1.5 EI VAE VEB VBE

MCE.P
S12 = VEA - VEB
= -0.54 EI RD12 = VAE = 0.96 EI
S22 = MEA + MEB + GJ/LCE + GJ/LED RD22 = - VBE = -1.5 EI
= ### RD32 = 0
S32 = 0 RD42 = 0

MD12 = MAE = 0.8 EI MD92 = 0

MD22 = MEA = 1.6 EI MD10.2 = 0
MD32 = 0 MD11.2 = GJ/LCE = ###
MD42 = 0 MD12.2 = - GJ/LCE = ###
MD52 = MEB = 2 EI MD13.2 = 0
MD62 = MBE = 1 EI MD14.2 = 0
MD72 = 0 MD15.2 = - GJ/LDE = -0.05725 EI
MD82 = 0 MD16.2 = GJ/LDE = 0.05725 EI

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

- Untuk D3 = 1 satuan
MDE D
2. EI
MCE = = 0.5 EI
LCE

4. EI A E MED B
MEC = = 1 EI
LCE MEC D3 = 1 satuan

4. EI
MED = = 0.8 EI
LED MCE VDE
C MDE
2. EI VED
MDE = = 0.4 EI
LED
MED
MAE.P MEA.P MEB.P MBE.P
MCE + MEC
VCE = VEC = LCE MEC
= 0.375 EI
VEC
MED + MDE MCE
VED = VDE = LED VCE
= 0.24 EI

S13 = VEC - VED

= 0.135 EI RD13 = 0
S23 = 0 RD23 = 0
S33 = MEC + MED + GJ/LAE + GJ/LEB RD33 = VCE = 0.375 EI
= 2.057625 EI RD43 = - VDE = -0.24 EI

MD13 = 0
MD23 = 0
MD33 = - GJ/LAE = -0.1145 EI
MD43 = GJ/LAE = 0.1145 EI
MD53 = 0
MD63 = 0
MD73 = GJ/LEB = 0.143125 EI
MD83 = - GJ/LEB = -0.143125 EI
MD93 = MEC = 1 EI
MD10.3 = MCE = 0.5 EI
MD11.3 = 0
MD12.3 = 0
MD13.3 = MDE = 0.4 EI
MD14.3 = MED = 0.8 EI
MD15.3 = 0
MD16.3 = 0

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

D. Menentukan Matriks Gaya [H], Matriks Reaksi akibat Beban Luar [RL], dan
Matriks Momen akibat Beban Luar [ML]
Berat Sendiri Balok AB dan CD = 0.3 x 0.6 x 2.4 = 0.432 t/m'

D
q2 = 2 t/m'
q1 = 1.5 t/m'

A B
E
qb = 0.432 t/m'

C qb = 0.432 t/m'
0.9 tm
LAE = 2.5 m
LEB = 2m 0.432 t/m' 1.08 ton
LCE = 4m
LED = 5m
0.9 tm

0.432 t/m' 0.225 tm 1.08 ton 1.932 t/m'

0.225 tm ###

0.54 ton 0.54 ton 0.644 tm 0.644 tm 1.932 ton

1.932 ton

2.432 t/m' 4.864 ton

###
SQ = qb*(LAE + LEA) + qb*(LCE + LEC) + q1*LEB + q2*LCE
4.864 ton = 16.8320 ton

H1 = -0.54 - 4.864 - 1.08 - 1.932 = -8.416 ton

H2 = -0.225 + 0.644 = 0.419 tm
H3 = -3.24267 + 0.9 = -2.34267 tm

RL1 = 0.54 ton

RL2 = 1.932 ton
RL3 = 4.864 ton
RL4 = 1.08 ton

ML1 = 0.225 tm ML9 = -3.24267 tm

ML2 = -0.225 tm ML10 = 3.242667 tm
ML3 = 0 tm ML11 = 0 tm
ML4 = 0 tm ML12 = 0 tm
ML5 = 0.644 tm ML13 = -0.9 tm
ML6 = -0.644 tm ML14 = 0.9 tm
ML7 = 0 tm ML15 = 0 tm

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

ML8 = 0 tm ML16 = 0 tm

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E. Penyusunan Matriks

2.5515 -0.54 0.135 0.4058 0.0588 -0.0266

[ S ] = EI -0.54 3.7288 0 [ S ] -1
= 1/EI 0.0588 0.2767 -0.0039

0.135 0 2.0576 -0.0266 -0.0039 0.4877

0.768 0.96 0 -8.416 0.54

1.5 -1.5 0 { H } = 0.419 1.932

[ RD ] = EI { RL } =
0.1875 0 0.375 -2.3427 4.864

0.096 0 -0.24 1.08

0.96 0.8 0 0.225

0.96 1.6 0 -0.225

0 0 -0.1145 0

0 0 0.1145 0

-1.5 2 0 0.644

-1.5 1 0 -0.644

0 0 0.1431 0 -0.4058 -0.0588 0.0266

0 0 -0.1431 0 - [ S ] -1
= 1/EI -0.0588 -0.2767 0.0039
[ MD ] = EI { ML } =
0.375 0 1 -3.2427 0.0266 0.0039 -0.4877

0.375 0 0.5 3.2427

0 0.0716 0 0

0 -0.0716 0 0

-0.24 0 0.4 -0.9

-0.24 0 0.8 0.9

0 -0.0573 0 0

0 0.0573 0 0

F. Menentukan Matriks Diplacement { D }

{ D } = - [ S ]-1 . { H }

3.328

{ D } = 1/EI 0.3696

0.9202

G. Menentukan Reaksi Perletakan

{ R } = { RL } + [ RD ] . { D }

0.54 0.768 0.96 0 3.328

1.932 1.5 -1.5 0 0.3696

{ R } =
4.864
+ EI
0.1875 0 0.375
. 1/EI
0.9202

1.08 0.096 0 -0.24

0.54 2.9107 3.4507 RA

1.932 4.4376 6.3696 RB
=
4.864
+ 0.9691
= 5.8331
ton
RC
1.08 0.0986 1.1786 RD

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

D
q2 = 2 t/m'
RD
qb = 0.432 t/m' q1 = 1.5 t/m'

A B RA = 3.4507 ton
E RB = 6.3696 ton
RA RC = 5.8331 ton
qb = 0.432 t/m' RB RD = 1.1786 ton
C 16.8320 ton

Kontrol : SR = SQ
RC SQ = 16.8320 ton OK . . . . !

H. Menentukan Gaya-gaya Dalam

{ M } = { ML } + [ MD ] . { D }

0.225 0.96 0.8 0

-0.225 0.96 1.6 0

0 0 0 -0.1145

0 0 0 0.1145

0.644 -1.5 2 0

-0.644 -1.5 1 0

0 0 0 0.1431

0 0 0 -0.1431 3.328
{ M } = -3.2427
+ EI
0.375 0 1
. 1/EI
0.3696

3.2427 0.375 0 0.5 0.9202

0 0 0.0716 0

0 0 -0.0716 0

-0.9 -0.24 0 0.4

0.9 -0.24 0 0.8

0 0 -0.0573 0

0 0 0.0573 0

0.225 3.4905 3.7155 M1 = MAE

-0.225 3.7862 3.5612 M2 = MEA
0 -0.1054 -0.1054 M3 = MAE.P
0 0.1054 0.1054 M4 = MEA.P
0.644 -4.2528 -3.6088 M5 = MEB
-0.644 -4.6224 -5.2664 M6 = MBE
0 0.1317 0.1317 M7 = MEB.P
0 -0.1317 -0.1317 M8 = MBE.P
= + = t.m M9 MEC
-3.2427 2.1682 -1.0745 =
3.2427 1.7081 4.9508 M10 = MCE
0 0.0264 0.0264 M11 = MEC.P
0 -0.0264 -0.0264 M12 = MCE.P
-0.9 -0.4306 -1.3306 M13 = MDE
0.9 -0.0626 0.8374 M14 = MED
0 -0.0212 -0.0212 M15 = MDE.P
0 0.0212 0.0212 M16 = MED.P

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

1.3306 tm 0.0212 tm

0.8374 tm

0.0212 tm

0.1054 tm 0.1054 tm 0.1317 tm

0.1317 tm

3.7155 tm 3.5612 tm 0.0264 tm 3.6088 tm 5.2664 tm

1.0745 tm

4.9508 tm

0.0264 tm

Kontrol :
S Momen untuk joint E = 0
M2 - M5 + M11 + M16 = 3.5612 - 3.6088 + 0.0264 + 0.0212 = 0.0000

M3 + M7 - M9 + M14 = 0.1054 + 0.1317 - 1.0745 + 0.8374 = 0.0000

OK . . . . !

I. Perhitungan Momen-momen Lapangan

- Untuk Balok AEB
qEB
M1 qAE M6
qAE = 0.432 t/m'
A E B qEB = 1.932 t/m'
RA RB MEC.P = ###
2.5 m 2m MED.P = ###

qCE
M10 qED M13
qCE = 2.432 t/m'
C E D qED = 0.432 t/m'
RC RD MEA.P = ###
4m 5m MEB.P = ###

Untuk Balok AE
Mx = RA*x - 0.5*qAE*x² - M1 RA - qAE*x = 0
Mmax = RA*xmax - 0.5*qAE*(xmax)² - M1 RA
xmax = = 7.988 m dari A (T.M)
qAE
dM x
=D x=0 ⇒ didapat x max
dx
Mmax = 3.5612 t.m di E

Untuk Balok EB
Mx = RB*x - 0.5*qEB*x² - M6 RB - qEB*x = 0
Mmax = RB*xmax - 0.5*qEB*(xmax)² - M6 RB
xmax = = 3.297 m dari B (T.M)
qEB
dM x
=D x=0 ⇒ didapat x max
dx
Mmax = 3.6088 t.m di E

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

Untuk Balok CE
Mx = RC*x - 0.5*qCE*x² - M10 RC - qCE*x = 0
Mmax = RC*xmax - 0.5*qCE*(xmax)² - M10 RC
xmax = = 2.398 m dari C
qCE
dM x
=D x=0 ⇒ didapat x max
dx
Mmax = 2.0444 t.m

Untuk Balok ED
Mx = RD*x - 0.5*qED*x² - M13 RD - qED*x = 0
Mmax = RD*xmax - 0.5*qED*(xmax)² - M13 RD
xmax = = 2.728 m dari D
qED
dM x
=D x=0 ⇒ didapat x max
dx
Mmax = 0.2772 t.m

J. Diagram Momen

Balok AB : 5.2664

3.7155

- -
E
A B
+

3.5612

3.6088

Balok CD :

4.9508

- 1.0745 0.8374 1.3306

- -
C E D
+ 0.2772

2.0444

- Selisih Momen yang terjadi di titik E adalah PUNTIR / TORSI yang diterima oleh balok AB dan CD !
- Di titik E terjadi momen negatif disebabkan karena balok pendek (balok AB) memikul balok panjang
(balok CD)

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Diketahui suatu struktur portal sbb :

q2 = 1.5 t/m'

E F L1 = 4m

L2 = 1m
h2 = 4m
q1 = 2 t/m' L3 = 1m

C D
tg a = 4

BD = ###
h1 = 4m DF = ###
EI adalah konstan
sin a = 0.97014
a
A B cos a = 0.25

L1 L2 L3

A. Menentukan Derajat Ketidaktentuan Kinematis

D3 D4

B. Menentukan Momen-momen Batang

D2
M1 M2

M3 M5
D6
D1

D5 M4 M6

M9 M7 M8 M11

M12
M10
Derajat ketidaktentuan kinematis = 6

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Momen-momen batang = 12

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C. Perhitungan Momen Primer dan Beban yang Bekerja pada Joint

1.5 x 4.0 2 3 ton 3 ton

MoEF = - MoFE =
12
E F 0.75 ton
= -2.0 t.m

2.0 x 5.0 2 MoEF MoFE

MoCD = - MoDC =
12

= -4.2 t.m
8 ton 8 ton

Proyeksi Distribusi Beban untuk Penggoyangan : C D

Untuk Joint F : 2 ton
0.75 ton PF = 0,5*q2*L1 = 3 ton M o M o
CD DC

3 ton ###
A B
Untuk Joint D :
2 ton PD = PF + 0,5*q1*(L1 + L2) = 8 ton

8 ton ###

D. Menentukan Perubahan Struktur Akibat Deformasi

Untuk D1 = 1 satuan Untuk D2 = 1 satuan

d2
D2
d1
d3 d5 d4
d3

d6 d5
d4 d8 d4
D1
d7 d11

d9

d10 d12

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D1 /cos a D2 /cos a
a D1 /tg a a D2 /tg a

D1 = 1 D2 = 1

Untuk D3 = 1 satuan Untuk D4 = 1 satuan

D3 D4
d1
d3 d2 d5

Untuk D5 = 1 satuan Untuk D6 = 1 satuan

d4 d6
d7
D6
D5
d8
d9 d11

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E. Penyusunan Matriks Deformasi :

Untuk D1 = 1 satuan Untuk D2 = 1 satuan

d1 = 0 d1 = -1/tg a/EF = -0.0625

d2 = 0 d2 = -1/tg a/EF = -0.0625
d3 = -1/CE = -0.25 d3 = 1/CE = 0.25
d4 = -1/CE = -0.25 d4 = 1/CE = 0.25
d5 = -1/cos a/DF = -0.97014 d5 = 1/cos a/DF = 0.970143
d6 = -1/cos a/DF = -0.97014 d6 = 1/cos a/DF = 0.970143
d7 = -1/tg a/CD = -0.05 d7 = 0
d8 = -1/tg a/CD = -0.05 d8 = 0
d9 = 1/AC = 0.25 d9 = 0
d10 = 1/AC = 0.25 d10 = 0
d11 = -1/cos a/BD = -0.97014 d11 = 0
d12 = -1/cos a/BD = -0.97014 d12 = 0

Untuk D3 = 1 satuan Untuk D4 = 1 satuan

d1 = 1 d1 = 0
d2 = 0 d2 = 1
d3 = 1 d3 = 0
d4 = 0 d4 = 0
d5 = 0 d5 = 1
d6 = 0 d6 = 0
d7 = 0 d7 = 0
d8 = 0 d8 = 0
d9 = 0 d9 = 0
d10 = 0 d10 = 0
d11 = 0 d11 = 0
d12 = 0 d12 = 0

Untuk D5 = 1 satuan Untuk D6 = 1 satuan

d1 = 0 d1 = 0
d2 = 0 d2 = 0
d3 = 0 d3 = 0
d4 = 1 d4 = 0
d5 = 0 d5 = 0
d6 = 0 d6 = 1
d7 = 1 d7 = 0
d8 = 0 d8 = 1
d9 = 1 d9 = 0
d10 = 0 d10 = 0
d11 = 0 d11 = 1
d12 = 0 d12 = 0

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0 -0.0625 1 0 0 0

0 -0.0625 0 1 0 0

-0.25 0.25 1 0 0 0

-0.25 0.25 0 0 1 0

-0.9701 0.97014 0 1 0 0

-0.9701 0.97014 0 0 0 1
[ A ] =
-0.05 0 0 0 1 0

-0.05 0 0 0 0 1

0.25 0 0 0 1 0

0.25 0 0 0 0 0

-0.9701 0 0 0 0 1

-0.9701 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 -0.25 -0.25 -0.9701 -0.9701 -0.05 -0.05 0.25 0.25 -0.9701 -0.9701

-0.0625 -0.0625 0.25 0.25 0.97014 0.97014 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
[ A ]T =
0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0

F. Penentuan Matriks Kekakuan Intern Elemen [S]

4EI/L 2EI/L Untuk tiap elemen struktur

[ S ] =
2EI/L 4EI/L

1 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 1 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0.97014 0.48507 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0.48507 0.97014 0 0 0 0 0 0
[ S ] = EI
0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8 0.4 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4 0.8 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.5 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.97014 0.48507

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.48507 0.97014

G. Penentuan Matriks Kekakuan Struktur [K]

[K] = [A]T . [S] . [A]

0 0 -0.375 -0.375 -1.4118 -1.4118 -0.06 -0.06 0.375 0.375 -1.4118 -1.4118

-0.0938 -0.0938 0.375 0.375 1.41176 1.41176 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0.5 1 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
[A]T.[S] = EI
0.5 1 0 0 0.97014 0.48507 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.5 1 0 0 0.8 0.4 1 0.5 0 0

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0 0 0 0 0.48507 0.97014 0.4 0.8 0 0 0.97014 0.48507

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5.85945 -2.9267 -0.375 -1.4118 -0.06 -2.8835

-2.9267 2.93844 0.28125 1.31801 0.375 1.41176

-0.375 0.28125 2 0.5 0.5 0

[ K ] = EI
-1.4118 1.31801 0.5 1.97014 0 0.48507

-0.06 0.375 0.5 0 2.8 0.4

-2.8835 1.41176 0 0.48507 0.4 2.74029

0.57047 0.34467 0.07191 0.05436 -0.108 0.42887

0.34467 0.83768 0.05831 -0.3298 -0.1161 0.00645

0.07191 0.05831 0.57469 -0.1557 -0.1219 0.09099

[ K ]-1 = 1/EI
0.05436 -0.3298 -0.1557 0.78732 0.0619 0.07872

-0.108 -0.1161 -0.1219 0.0619 0.40996 -0.1247

0.42887 0.00645 0.09099 0.07872 -0.1247 0.81715

H. Gaya Q dititik diskrit yang koresponden dengan Lendutan D

Q3
Q1 = -2 ton Q2 Q4
Q2 = -0.75 ton
Q3 = -2.0 t.m
Q4 = 2.0 t.m
Q5 = -4.1667 t.m
Q6 = 4.1667 t.m Q5
Q1 Q6
-2

-0.75

-2
{ Q } =
2

-4.1667

4.16667

I. Perhitungan Matriks Lendutan {D}

J. Perhitungan Gaya-gaya Dalam Elemen {H}
{Q} = [K] . {D}
{H} = [S] . [A] . {D}
{D} = [K]-1 . {Q}
0.43441

0.8026 1.86251

-1.583 -2.4344

-0.7614 -2.8321
{ D } = 1/EI
2.0948 0.13749

-1.5568 0.59456
{ H } =
3.03708 -0.0788

1.75879

-1.2558

-0.4774

1.81331

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0.34011

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K. Perhitungan Momen-momen Ujung

{M} = {H} - {Mo}

MEF = M1 = 0.4344 - -2 = 2.4344 t.m

MFE = M2 = 1.8625 - 2 = -0.1375 t.m

MEC = M3 = -2.4344 - 0 = -2.4344 t.m

MCE = M4 = -2.8321 - 0 = -2.8321 t.m

MFD = M5 = 0.1375 - 0 = 0.1375 t.m

MDF = M6 = 0.5946 - 0 = 0.5946 t.m

MCD = M7 = -0.0788 - -4.1667 = 4.0879 t.m

MDC = M8 = 1.7588 - 4.1667 = -2.4079 t.m

MAC = M9 = -1.2558 - 0 = -1.2558 t.m

MCA = M10 = -0.4774 - 0 = -0.4774 t.m

MDB = M11 = 1.8133 - 0 = 1.8133 t.m

MBD = M12 = 0.3401 - 0 = 0.3401 t.m

Kontrol momen pada joint :

S Momen untuk joint = 0
M4 + M7 + M9 = -2.8321 + 4.0879 + -1.2558 = 0.0000

M6 + M8 + M11 = 0.5946 + -2.4079 + 1.8133 = 0.0000

M1 + M3 = 2.4344 + -2.4344 = 0.0000

M2 + M5 = -0.1375 + 0.1375 = 0.0000

OK . . . . !
L. Perhitungan Momen-momen Lapangan
q1 q2
M1 M2 M7 M8

REF RFE RCD RDC

L=4m L=5m

q2 = 1.5 t/m' q1 = 2 t/m'

[ M1 + M2 + 0.5*q2*(LEF)2 ]
REF = = 3.5742 ton
LEF

[ - M1 - M2 + 0.5*q1*(LFE)2 ]
RFE = = 2.4258 ton
LFE

[ M7 + M8 + 0.5*q2*(LCD)2 ]
RCD = = 5.3360 ton
LCD

[ - M7 - M8 + 0.5*q2*(LDC)2 ]
RDC = = 4.6640 ton
LDC

Hendry T. Kalangi P23 022 02 002

 Take Home Exam

Untuk Batang EF
Mx = REF*x - 0.5*q2*x² - M1 - M2 REF - q1*x = 0
Mmax = REF*xmax - 0.5*q2*(xmax)² - M1 - M2 REF
xmax = = 2.383 m
q2
dM x
=D x=0 ⇒ didapat x max
dx
Mmax = 1.9615 t.m

Untuk Batang CD
Mx = RCD*x - 0.5*q1*x² - M7 - M8 REF - q1*x = 0
Mmax = RCD*xmax - 0.5*q1*(xmax)² - M7 - M8 RCD
xmax = = 2.668 m
q1
dM x
=D x=0 ⇒ didapat x max
dx
Mmax = 5.4382 t.m

M. Diagram Momen

2.4344

0.1375

0.1375

2.4344

1.9615

4.0879

2.4079

2.8321 1.8133

1.2558 0.5946

5.4382

0.4774

0.3401

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

Diketahui suatu struktur portal sbb :

q1 = 1.5 t/m' A. Menentukan Derajat Ketidaktentuan Kinematis

E
D2 D3

h3 = 3m

F
q2 = 2 t/m'
h2 = 2m
D4

C D
D1

D5 D6
h1 = 4m
EI adalah konstan

A B

L=4m

Derajat ketidaktentuan kinematis = 6

B. Menentukan Momen-momen Batang

M1 C. Perhitungan Momen Primer

M3 E

M2 MoEF

M5
F
M4 M6 MoFE
M7 M8

M9 M11 C
D
MoCD MoDC

M10 M12

Momen-momen batang = 12 A B

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1.5 x 4 2
MoEF = - MoFE = = -2.0 t.m
12

2 x 4 2
MoCD = - MoDC = = -2.6667 t.m
12

D. Menentukan Perubahan Struktur Akibat Deformasi

Untuk D1 = 1 satuan D2 Untuk D2 = 1 satuan

d3
d3

d4
d5 d5
d4 d6
D1 d6

d9 d11

d10 d12

D3
d1 Untuk D3 = 1 satuan Untuk D4 = 1 satuan
d3

D4

d2
d5

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Untuk D5 = 1 satuan Untuk D6 = 1 satuan

d4 d7 d6
D6
D5
d9 d8 d11

E. Penyusunan Matriks Deformasi :

Untuk D1 = 1 satuan Untuk D2 = 1 satuan Untuk D3 = 1 satuan
d1 = 0 d1 = 0 d1 = 1
d2 = 0 d2 = 0 d2 = 0
d3 = -0.2 d3 = 0.2 d3 = 1
d4 = -0.2 d4 = 0.2 d4 = 0
d5 = -0.5 d5 = 0.5 d5 = 0
d6 = -0.5 d6 = 0.5 d6 = 0
d7 = 0 d7 = 0 d7 = 0
d8 = 0 d8 = 0 d8 = 0
d9 = 0.25 d9 = 0 d9 = 0
d10 = 0.25 d10 = 0 d10 = 0
d11 = 0.25 d11 = 0 d11 = 0
d12 = 0.25 d12 = 0 d12 = 0

Untuk D4 = 1 satuan Untuk D5 = 1 satuan Untuk D6 = 1 satuan

d1 = 0 d1 = 0 d1 = 0
d2 = 1 d2 = 0 d2 = 0
d3 = 0 d3 = 0 d3 = 0
d4 = 0 d4 = 1 d4 = 0
d5 = 1 d5 = 0 d5 = 0
d6 = 0 d6 = 0 d6 = 1
d7 = 0 d7 = 1 d7 = 0
d8 = 0 d8 = 0 d8 = 1
d9 = 0 d9 = 1 d9 = 0
d10 = 0 d10 = 0 d10 = 0
d11 = 0 d11 = 0 d11 = 1

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d12 = 0 d12 = 0 d12 = 0

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

0 0 1 0 0 0

0 0 0 1 0 0

-0.2 0.2 1 0 0 0

-0.2 0.2 0 0 1 0

-0.5 0.5 0 1 0 0

-0.5 0.5 0 0 0 1
[ A ] =
0 0 0 0 1 0

0 0 0 0 0 1

0.25 0 0 0 1 0

0.25 0 0 0 0 0

0.25 0 0 0 0 1

0.25 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 0 0 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25

0 0 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
[ A ]T =
0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0

F. Penentuan Matriks Kekakuan Intern Elemen [S]

4EI/L 2EI/L Untuk tiap elemen struktur

[ S ] =
2EI/L 4EI/L

0.8 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.4 0.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.8 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.4 0.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
[ S ] = EI
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.5 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 1 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.5 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.5

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 1

G. Penentuan Matriks Kekakuan Struktur [K]

[K] = [A]T . [S] . [A]

0 0 -0.24 -0.24 -1.5 -1.5 0 0 0.375 0.375 0.375 0.375

0 0 0.24 0.24 1.5 1.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.8 0.4 0.8 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

[A]T.[S] = EI
0.4 0.8 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.4 0.8 0 0 1 0.5 1 0.5 0 0

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0 0 0 0 1 2 0.5 1 0 0 1 0.5

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1.971 -1.596 -0.24 -1.5 0.135 -1.125

-1.596 1.596 0.24 1.5 0.24 1.5

-0.24 0.24 1.6 0.4 0.4 0

[ K ] = EI
-1.5 1.5 0.4 2.8 0 1

0.135 0.24 0.4 0 2.8 0.5

-1.125 1.5 0 1 0.5 4

3.64828 4.4096 0.0624 -0.2347 -0.4717 -0.5099

4.4096 7.21149 0.01538 -1.1076 -0.6351 -1.1078

0.0624 0.01538 0.68197 -0.0893 -0.1103 0.04791

[ K ]-1 = 1/EI
-0.2347 -1.1076 -0.0893 0.78725 0.09387 0.14079

-0.4717 -0.6351 -0.1103 0.09387 0.44538 0.02635

-0.5099 -1.1078 0.04791 0.14079 0.02635 0.48354

H. Gaya Q dititik diskrit yang koresponden dengan Lendutan D

Q1 = 0 Q3
Q2 = 0
Q3 = -2.0 t.m
Q4 = 2.0 t.m
Q5 = -2.6667 t.m Q4
Q6 = 2.6667 t.m

0 Q5
0 Q6
-2
{ Q } =
2

-2.6667

2.66667

I. Perhitungan Matriks Lendutan {D}

J. Perhitungan Gaya-gaya Dalam Elemen {H}
{Q} = [K] . {D}
{H} = [S] . [A] . {D}
{D} = [K]-1 . {Q}
-0.1453

-0.6959 1.05435

-3.5065 -1.8547

-1.1207 -1.6901
{ D } = 1/EI
1.8783 0.94565

-0.7091 0.47228
{ H } =
1.40493 -0.0066

1.05041

-0.97

-0.6155

1.14398

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0.44151

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

K. Perhitungan Momen-momen Ujung

{M} = {H} - {Mo}

MEF = M1 = -0.1453 - -2 = 1.8547 t.m

MFE = M2 = 1.0544 - 2 = -0.9456 t.m

MEC = M3 = -1.8547 - 0 = -1.8547 t.m

MCE = M4 = -1.6901 - 0 = -1.6901 t.m

MFD = M5 = 0.9456 - 0 = 0.9456 t.m

MDF = M6 = 0.4723 - 0 = 0.4723 t.m

MCD = M7 = -0.0066 - -2.6667 = 2.6601 t.m

MDC = M8 = 1.0504 - 2.6667 = -1.6163 t.m

MAC = M9 = -0.9700 - 0 = -0.9700 t.m

MCA = M10 = -0.6155 - 0 = -0.6155 t.m

MDB = M11 = 1.1440 - 0 = 1.1440 t.m

MBD = M12 = 0.4415 - 0 = 0.4415 t.m

Kontrol momen pada joint :

S Momen untuk joint = 0
M4 + M7 + M9 = -1.6901 + 2.6601 + -0.9700 = 0.0000

M6 + M8 + M11 = 0.4723 + -1.6163 + 1.1440 = 0.0000

M1 + M3 = 1.8547 + -1.8547 = 0.0000

M2 + M5 = -0.9456 + 0.9456 = 0.0000

OK . . . . !
L. Perhitungan Momen-momen Lapangan
M1 q2
q1
M7 M8

REF RCD RDC

L=4m
M2

q1 = 1.5 t/m'
RFE q2 = 2.0 t/m'
L=4m

[ M1 + M2 + 0.5*q1*(LEF)2 ]
REF = = 3.2273 ton
LEF

[ - M1 - M2 + 0.5*q1*(LFE)2 ]
RFE = = 2.7727 ton
LFE

[ M7 + M8 + 0.5*q2*(LCD)2 ]
RCD = = 4.2610 ton
LCD

[ - M7 - M8 + 0.5*q2*(LDC)2 ]
RDC = = 3.7390 ton

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur
RDC = = 3.7390 ton
LDC

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

Untuk Batang EF
Mx = REF*x - 0.5*q1*x² - M1 - M2 REF - q1*x = 0
Mmax = REF*xmax - 0.5*q1*(xmax)² - M1 - M2 REF
xmax = = 2.152 m
q1
dM x
=D x=0 ⇒ didapat x max
dx
Mmax = 2.5627 t.m

Untuk Batang CD
Mx = RCD*x - 0.5*q2*x² - M7 - M8 REF - q1*x = 0
Mmax = RCD*xmax - 0.5*q2*(xmax)² - M7 - M8 RCD
xmax = = 2.13 m
q2
dM x
=D x=0 ⇒ didapat x max
dx
Mmax = 3.4951 t.m

M. Diagram Momen
1.8547

1.8547
-
_

+
0.9456

_
2.5627

0.9456
_

2.6601

+ 1.6163
_
_
0.9700 1.6901

0.4723 1.1440
_

+
_

3.4951

+
+

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

0.6155 0.4415

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Diketahui suatu struktur portal sbb :

q1 = 1.5 t/m' A. Menentukan Derajat Ketidakbebasan Kinematis

E
D2 D4

h3 = 3 m

F
q2 = 2 t/m' D3
h2 = 2 m D5

C D
D1

D6 D7
h1 = 4 m
EI adalah konstan

A B

L=4m

Derajat ketidakbebasan kinematis = 7

B. Menentukan Momen-momen Batang

M1 C. Menentukan Momen Primer

M3 E

M2 MoEF

M5
F
M4 M6 M o
FE
M7 M8

M9 M11 C
D
MoCD MoDC

M10 M12

Momen-momen batang = 12 A B

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

1.5 x 4 2
MoEF = - MoFE = = 2.0 t.m
12

2 x 4 2
MoCD = - MoDC = = 2.6667 t.m
12

D. Menentukan Perubahan Struktur Akibat Deformasi

Untuk D1 = 1 satuan D2 Untuk D2 = 1 satuan

d1
d3
d3
d2

d4
d5 d5
d4 d6
D1 d6

d9 d11

d10 d12

D4
d1
d3

D5

d2
d5

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

d4 d7 d6
D6
D6
d9 d8 d11

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

Diketahui suatu Balok Grid sbb :

Balok AB dan CD adalah balok Baja Penampang AB dan CD :

b
5m = 0.5 persegi
h

D Koefisien penampang :
4m
k= 0.229
q1 = 1.5 t/m'
q2 = 2 t/m'
A B
E

C
2.5 m 2m

A. Koordinat Struktur dan Derajat Kebebasan D

A B
y D3
z D2
D1
C

B. Koordinat Lokal dan Momen / Torsi yang terjadi

16

14

15 13
3 4
12 7 8
1 2 5 6
10

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11

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C. Perubahan Struktur Akibat D

- Untuk D1 = 1 satuan
D
d =
Terjadi Momen pada balok AB dan CD L
D
d14
d1 = 0.4 d9 = 0.25 D1 = 1 satuan
d2 = 0.4 d10 = 0.25
d3 = 0 d11 = 0 A d1 E d13 d6 B
d4 = 0 d12 = 0
d5 = 0.5 d13 = 0.2 d2 d5
d6 = 0.5 d14 = 0.2 d10
d7 = 0 d15 = 0 d9
d8 = 0 d16 = 0 C

- Untuk D2 = 1 satuan

Terjadi Puntir pada balok CD

Terjadi Momen pada balok AB D

d1 = 0 d9 = 0
d2 = 1 d10 = 0
d3 = 0 d11 = 0 A d2 E B
d4 = 0 d12 = 0 d5
d5 = 1 d13 = 0 D2 = 1 satuan
d6 = 0 d14 = 0
d7 = 0 d15 = 0
d8 = 0 d16 = 0 C

- Untuk D3 = 1 satuan

Terjadi Puntir pada balok AB

Terjadi Momen pada balok CD D

d1 = 0 d9 = 0 d13
d2 = 0 d10 = 1
d3 = 0 d11 = 0 A E B
d4 = 0 d12 = 0 D3 = 1 satuan
d5 = 0 d13 = 1
d6 = 0 d14 = 0 d10
d7 = 0 d15 = 0
d8 = 0 d16 = 0 C

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 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

D. Perhitungan Momen Primer dan Reaksi Perletakan Elemen

q2
2.0 x 4.0 2
MoEC = - MoCE = = -2.6667 t.m
12 E C
MoEC MoCE V
CE

1.5 x 2.0 2 VEC

MoEB = - MoBE = = -0.5 t.m
12 4m

2.0 x 4
VCE = VEC = = 4 ton
2 q1

1.5 x 2 E B
VEB = VBE = = 1.5 ton MoEB MoBE
2
VEB VBE
2m
VE = 4 + 1.5 = 5.5 ton

E. Penyusunan Matriks Deformasi [A]

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0.4 0 0

E. Penyusunan Matriks Deformasi [A] 0.4 1 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0.5 1 0

0.5 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0
[ A ] =
0.25 0 0

0.25 0 1

0 0 0

0 0 0

0.2 0 1

0.2 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0.4 0.4 0 0 0.5 0.5 0 0 0.25 0.25 0 0 0.2 0.2 0 0

[ A ] =
T 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

F. Penentuan Matriks Kekakuan Intern Elemen [S]

4EI/L 2EI/L 0 0
[ S ] =
2EI/L 4EI/L 0 0
Untuk tiap elemen struktur
0 0 GJ/L -GJ/L
0 0 -GJ/L GJ/L

E
E = Modulus Elastisitas G= m = Poisson Ratio baja = 0.3
2 ( 1+ μ )
I = Inersia Penampang
G = Modulus Geser J = k. b3 . h I = 1/12 . b . h3
J = Konstante Puntir/Torsi
3 2 2
I k .b .h. I b b
J = k . b 3 .h
I
=
1
. b. h 3
= 12. k . 2 . I = 12 . k .
h ()
h
.I
12
G = 0.384615 E J = 0.6870 I GJ = 0.2642308 EI

1.6 0.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.8 1.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0.1057 -0.1057 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 -0.1057 0.1057 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1321 -0.1321 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1321 0.1321 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
[ S ] = EI
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0661 -0.0661 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0661 0.0661 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8 0.4 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4 0.8 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0528 -0.0528

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0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0528 0.0528

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G. Penentuan Matriks Kekakuan Struktur [K]

[K] = [A]T . [S] . [A]

0.96 0.96 0 0 1.5 1.5 0 0 0.375 0.375 0 0 0.24 0.24 0 0

[A] .[S] =
T
EI 0.8 1.6 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 1 0 0 0.8 0.4 0 0

2.5515 2.46 0.615 1.5143 -1.0348 -0.5174

[ K ] = EI 2.46 3.6 0 [ K ] -1
= 1/EI -1.0348 0.9849 0.3535

0.615 0 1.8 -0.5174 0.3535 0.7323

H. Gaya Q dititik diskrit yang koresponden dengan Lendutan D

D
Q1 = 5.5 ton
Q2 = -0.5
Q3 = 2.6666667
A B
Q3
5.5 Q2
{ Q } = -0.5 Q1
2.6667 C

I. Perhitungan Matriks Lendutan {D}

{Q} = [K] . {D}

{D} = [K]-1 . {Q}

7.4663 2.975

{ D } = -5.2409 1/EI -1.2177

-1.0695 0

0.7177

5.9586

J. Perhitungan Gaya-gaya Dalam Elemen {H} 0

{H} = [S] . [A] . {D} 0

{ H } =
2.2651

1.7304

0.9363

1.3641

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K. Perhitungan Momen-momen Ujung

{M} = {H} - {Mo}

MAE = M1 = 2.975 - 0 = 2.975 t.m

MEA = M2 = -1.2177 - 0 = -1.2177 t.m

MAE.P = M3 = 0 - 0 = 0 t.m

MEA.P = M4 = 0 - 0 = 0 t.m

MEB = M5 = 0.7177 - -0.5 = 1.2177 t.m

MBE = M6 = 5.9586 - 0.5 = 5.4586 t.m

MEB.P = M7 = 0 - 0 = 0 t.m

MBE.P = M8 = 0 - 0 = 0 t.m

MCE = M9 = 2.2651 - -2.6667 = 4.9318 t.m

MEC = M10 = 1.7304 - 2.6667 = -0.936 t.m

MCE.P = M11 = 0 - 0 = 0 t.m

MEC.P = M12 = 0 - 0 = 0 t.m

MED = M13 = 0.9363 - 0 = 0.9363 t.m

MDE = M14 = 1.3641 - 0 = 1.3641 t.m

MED.P = M15 = 0 - 0 = 0 t.m

MDE.P = M16 = 0 - 0 = 0 t.m

Kontrol momen pada joint :

S Momen untuk joint E = 0
M2 + M5 = -1.2177 + 1.2177 = 0.0000

M10 + M13 = -0.9363 + 0.9363 = 0.0000

OK . . . . !

L. Perhitungan Momen-momen Lapangan

- Untuk Balok AEB
q1
M1 M6
A E B q1 = 1.5 t/m'

2.5 m 2m

[ M1 - M6 + 0.5*q1*(LEB)2 ]
RAB = = 0.1147 ton
LAB

[ - M1 + M6 + q1*LEB*(0.5*LEB + LAB) ]
RBA = = 2.8853 ton
LAB

- Untuk Balok CED

q2
M9 M14
C E D q2 = 2.0 t/m'

4m 5m

[ M9 - M14 + q2*LCE*(0.5*LCE + LEB) ]

RCD = = 6.6186 ton
LCD

[ - M9 + M14 + 0.5*q1*(LCE)2 ]
RDC = = 1.3814 ton
LCD

Hendry T. Kalangi P23 022 02 002

 Tugas Final Analisa Struktur

Untuk Batang AEB

Mx = RBA*x - 0.5*q1*x² + M1 - M6 RBA - q1*x = 0
Mmax = RBA*xmax - 0.5*q1*(xmax)² + M1 - M6 RBA
xmax = = 1.9235 m
q1
dM x
=D x=0 ⇒ didapat x max
dx
Mmax = 0.2913 t.m

Untuk Batang CED

Mx = RCD*x - 0.5*q2*x² - M9 + M14 REF - q1*x = 0
Mmax = RCD*xmax - 0.5*q2*(xmax)² - M9 + M14 RCD
xmax = = 3.3093 m
q2
dM x
=D x=0 ⇒ didapat x max
dx
Mmax = 7.3839 t.m

M. Diagram Momen

Untuk Batang AEB

A B

Untuk Batang CED

C D

Hendry T. Kalangi P23 022 02 002