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Question 1 Question 7

Chromatography is a physical method that is used to separate Chromatography cannot be used to purify volatile substances.
and analyse __________
a) True
a) Simple mixtures b) False
b) Complex mixtures
c) Viscous mixtures Question 8
d) Metals In Column chromatography, the stationary phase is made of
_________ and the mobile phase is made of _________
Question 2
In which type of chromatography, the stationary phase held a) Solid, liquid
in a narrow tube and the mobile phase is forced through it b) Liquid, liquid
under pressure? c) Liquid, gas
d) Solid, gas
a) Column chromatography
b) Planar chromatography Question 9
c) Liquid chromatography Chromatography cannot be used to separate delicate
d) Gas chromatography products.

Question 3 a) True
In chromatography, the stationary phase can be ___________ b) False
supported on a solid.
Question 10
a) Solid or liquid In Thin layer chromatography, the stationary phase is made
b) Liquid or gas of _________ and the mobile phase is made of _________
c) Solid only
d) Liquid only a) Solid, liquid
b) Liquid, liquid
Question 4 c) Liquid, gas
In chromatography, which of the following can the mobile d) Solid, gas
phase be made of?
Question 11
a) Solid or liquid In which of the following type of paper, chromatography does
b) Liquid or gas the mobile phase move horizontally over a circular sheet of
c) Gas only paper?
d) Liquid only
a) Ascending paper chromatography
Question 5 b) Descending paper chromatography
Which of the following cannot be used as adsorbent in c) Radial paper chromatography
Column adsorption chromatography? d) Ascending – descending chromatography

a) Magnesium oxide Question 12


b) Silica gel Liquid chromatography can be performed in which of the
c) Activated alumina following ways?
d) Potassium permanganate
a) Only in columns
Question 6 b) Only on plane surfaces
Which of the following types of chromatography involves the c) Either in columns or on plane surfaces
separation of substances in a mixture over a 0.2mm thick d) Neither in columns nor on plane surfaces
layer of an adsorbent?
Question 13
a) Gas liquid Gas chromatography can be performed in which of the
b) Column following ways?
c) Thin layer
d) Paper a) Only in columns
b) Only on plane surfaces
c) Either in columns or on plane surfaces
d) Neither in columns nor on plane surfaces
Question 14 Question 20
In Gas-liquid phase chromatography, the stationary phase is In chromatogram, the area under the peak can be used to
composed of _________ and the mobile phase is made of determine which of the following?
_________
a) Components of the sample
a) Solid, liquid b) Amount of component in the sample
b) Liquid, liquid c) Column efficiency
c) Liquid, gas d) Column resolution
d) Solid, gas
Question 21
Question 15 The stationary phase could be a viscous liquid coated over a
Which of the following types of chromatography involves the surface of solid particles.
process, where mobile phase moves through the stationary
phase by the influence of gravity or capillary action? a) True
b) False
a) Column Chromatography
b) High Pressure Liquid Chromatography Question 22
c) Gas Chromatography Given below is a diagram of separation of two components of
d) Planar Chromatography a mixture in a chromatographic column. From the diagram,
infer which component has lesser affinity to the stationary
Question 16 phase.
Which of the following steps takes place after injection of
feed in Column chromatography?

a) Detection of components
b) Separation in the column
c) Elution from the column
d) Collection of eluted component

Question 17
Components with strong attraction to the support move
more slowly than components with weak attraction.

a) True
a) W
b) False
b) X
c) Y
Question 18
d) Z
What happens during the ‘elution from the column’ phase in
chromatography?
Question 23
Using Chromatogram as detector in Chromatography, a graph
a) Components with greatest affinity elute first
is obtained between ____________ and time.
b) Components with least affinity elute first
c) Components elute in a random manner
a) Quantity
d) Components elute according to their concentration
b) Density
in the mixture
c) Concentration
d) Specific gravity
Question 19
In chromatogram, the position of peaks on the time axis can
Question 24
be used to determine which of the following?
In older analytical methods, which of the following methods
were used to allow movement of mobile phase?
a) Components of the sample
b) Amount of component in the sample
a) Pumps
c) Column efficiency
b) Pressure
d) Column resolution
c) Gravity
d) Blowing air into the column
Question 25
Given below is the diagram of ‘Process of chromatographic Question 30
column’. Identify the unmarked component in the process. Adjusted retention time is the remaining retention time after
subtracting __________ from ___________

a) Solute migration rate and retention time


b) Retention time and solute migration rate
c) Dead time and retention time
d) Retention time and dead time

Question 31
Which of the following is the volume of mobile phase
required to make a solute band move from the point of
injection through the column to the detector?

a) Dead volume
b) Retention volume
c) Void volume
a) Reservoir d) Adjusted retention volume
b) Collection tank
c) Microprocessor Question 32
d) Detector Adjusted retention volume is the remaining retention volume
after subtracting ___________ from _____________
Question 26
How is molar concentration of solute in stationary phase a) Solute migration rate and retention volume
related to molar concentration of solute in mobile phase? b) Retention volume and solute migration rate
c) Dead volume and retention volume
a) Directly proportional d) Retention volume and dead volume
b) Inversely proportional
c) Equal Question 33
d) Not related Which of the following is defined as the ratio of moles of
solute in stationary phase to the moles of solute in mobile
Question 27 phase?
If the value of the distribution constant ‘k’ is one, then what
could be inferred about the distribution of solute? a) Distribution constant
b) Volumetric phase ratio
a) Its distribution in stationary phase is greater c) Retention factor
b) Its distribution in mobile phase is greater d) Total porosity
c) It is equally distributed in stationary and mobile
phase Question 34
d) It is distributed in a random manner Which of the following is the ratio of interstitial volume of
packing to the volume of its total mass?
Question 28
The time taken by the analyte after sample injection to reach a) Distribution constant
the detector is called _________ b) Volumetric phase ratio
c) Retention factor
a) Dead time d) Total porosity
b) Solute migration rate
c) Adjusted retention time Question 35
d) Retention time Which of the following is the ratio of length of column
packing to dead time?
Question 29
The time required for a molecule of the mobile phase to pass a) Average linear rate of solute migration
through the column is called ___________ b) Average linear rate of mobile migration
c) Relative migration rate
a) Dead time d) Selectivity factor
b) Solute migration rate
c) Adjusted retention time
d) Retention time
Question 36 c) Plate number becomes greater, plate height
Which of the following is the ratio of length of column becomes larger
packing to retention time? d) Plate number becomes greater, plate height
becomes larger
a) Average linear rate of solute migration
b) Average linear rate of mobile migration Question 43
c) Relative migration rate Which of the following is the expression for Eddy diffusion in
d) Selectivity factor the column, if ‘γ’ represents obstruction factor, ‘dp’
represents particle diameter, ‘DM’ represents Solute
Question 37 diffusion co-efficient and ‘λ’ represents function for packing
Retention distance is the distance between point of injection uniformity?
and minimum peak in the recorder or computer generated
chart. a) λ dM
b) 2 γ DM
a) True c) DM γ
b) False d) λ/dM

Question 38 Question 44
Retention volume can be obtained by finding the product of Which of the following is the expression for longitudinal
which of the following parameters? diffusion in the column, if ‘γ’ represents obstruction factor,
‘dM’ represents particle diameter, ‘DM’ represents Solute
a) Dead time and total porosity diffusion co-efficient and ‘λ’ represents function for packing
b) Retention time and volumetric flow rate uniformity?
c) Adjusted retention time and volumetric flow rate
d) Retention time and total porosity. a) λ dM
b) 2 γ DM
Question 39 c) DM γ
Retention factor is also known as capacitance factor. d) λ/dM

a) True Question 45
b) False In gas-liquid chromatography, when films are used in the
interior of capillary column, then what is the value of Eddy
Question 40 diffusion?
What must be the value of selectivity factor?
a) Greater than 1
a) Equal to 1 b) Less than 1
b) Less than 1 c) Zero
c) Greater than 1 d) Less than zero
d) Greater than 0
Question 46
Question 41 For an unpacked coated capillary column, the obstruction
Which of the following is the distance that the solute moves factor takes which of the following values?
while undergoing one partition?
a) 0
a) Retention distance b) 0.6
b) Distribution constant c) 1
c) Plate height d) 1.6
d) Column packing length
Question 47
Question 42 Base line resolution is achieved when degree of
Which of the following conditions will cause the efficiency of resolution/separation is ______
the column to increase?
a) 1
a) Plate number becomes greater, plate height b) 0
becomes smaller c) 0.5
b) Plate number becomes smaller, plate height d) 1.5
becomes smaller
Question 48 b) Expensive
Which of the following equations give the expression for c) Reduced sensitivity
plate number, N when ‘tR’ is the adjusted retention time and d) High density
‘Wb’ is the width at the base of the peak which is equal to 4
standard deviations. Question 55
Which of the following is the disadvantage of nitrogen, which
a) 16 tR2/Wb can be used as carrier gas in gas chromatography?
b) 4 tR2/Wb
c) (4tR/Wb)2 a) Dangerous to use
d) 4 (tR/Wb)2 b) Expensive
c) Reduced sensitivity
Question 49 d) High density
It is more difficult to measure the width at half peak height
than the base width in the detector output. Question 56
Slow injection of large samples leads to band broadening and
a) True loss of resolution.
b) False
a) True
Question 50 b) False
The solute, while moving in the column is always in
equilibrium with both the stationary phase and the mobile Question 57
phase. In which of the following methods are liquid samples injected
into the column in gas chromatography?
a) True
b) False a) Gas tight syringe
b) Micro-syringe
Question 51 c) Rotary sample valve
For the separation of which of the following substances, Gas- d) Solid injection syringes
solid chromatography is being used?
Question 58
a) Thermally stable organic components What must be done to the solid samples for it to be
b) Volatile organic components introduced into the column without using solid injection
c) Thermally stable inorganic components syringes in gas chromatography?
d) Low molecular weight gaseous species
a) Introduced in hot-zone of the column
Question 52 b) Dissolved in volatile liquids
Which of the following is not a feature of carrier gas used in c) Introduced using rotary sample valve
gas chromatography? d) Introduced using sampling loops

a) It must be chemically inert Question 59


b) It should be suitable for the detector employed Which of the following is the commonly used support
c) It should not be completely pure material for the packed column in gas chromatography?
d) It should be cheap
a) Glass
Question 53 b) Metal
Which of the following is the disadvantage of hydrogen, c) Diatomaceous earth
which can be used as carrier gas in gas chromatography? d) Stainless steel

a) Dangerous to use Question 60


b) Expensive Which of the following is the advantage of straight packed
c) Reduced sensitivity column?
d) High density
a) It can be packed uniformly
Question 54 b) It can be repacked easily
Which of the following is the disadvantage of helium, which c) It is compact
can be used as carrier gas in gas chromatography? d) It is easier to heat it evenly

a) Dangerous to use
Question 61 Question 66
Which of the following is the disadvantage of coiled or helical Which of the following is not an ideal characteristic of a
shaped packed chromatographic column? detector used in gas chromatography?

a) It cannot be packed uniformly a) Linear response to the solutes


b) It cannot be repacked easily b) Short response time
c) It is not compact c) High reliability
d) It is not easy to heat it evenly d) Sensitive to the changes in the flow rate of carrier
gas
Question 62
Capillary columns are open tubular columns constructed from Question 67
which of the following materials? Which of the following is not a type of detector used in gas
chromatography?
a) Glass
b) Metal a) Argon ionisation detector
c) Stainless steel b) Thermal conductivity detector
d) Fused silica c) UV visible spectrometric detector
d) Electron capture detector
Question 63
Sample injection port must be maintained at a temperature Question 68
at which rapid vapourisation occurs but thermal degradation Which of the following detectors have high sensitivity to all
does not occur. organic compounds?

a) True a) Sulphur chemiluminescense detector


b) False b) Thermionic emission detector
c) Flame ionization detector
Question 64 d) Argon ionisation detector
Which of the following is not a desirable feature of the ovens
used in gas chromatography? Question 69
Which of the following is not the advantage of thermal
a) It must have a fast rate of heating conductivity detector used in gas chromatography?
b) Power consumption should be kept low
c) It must have maximum thermal gradients a) Simple in construction
d) It should have proper insulation b) High sensitivity
c) Large linear dynamic range
Question 65 d) Non-destructive character
Given below is the block diagram of gas chromatography.
Identify the unmarked component. Question 70
Which of the following detectors is widely used to detect
environmental samples like chlorinated pesticides and
polychlorinated biphenyls?

a) Flame ionization detector


b) Thermal conductivity detector
c) Argon ionisation detector
d) Electron capture detector

Question 71
In which of the following detector is the eluent mixed with
hydrogen and burned and then mixed with ozone and its
intensity is measured?
a) Pumping system
b) Pressure regulator a) Sulphur chemiluminescense detector
c) Flow regulator b) Thermal conductivity detector
d) Sample injection system c) Flame ionization detector
d) Electron capture detector
Question 72 c) Graphite
Filter photometer detector is primarily responsive to which of d) Tungsten wire
the following compounds/elements?
Question 79
a) Volatile sulphur or phosphorous compounds Electron capture detector is much less susceptible to
b) Nitrogen contamination when nickel is used instead of tritium.
c) Halogen
a) True
d) Potassium
b) False
Question 73 Question 80
Which of the following detector uses ultraviolet radiation Given below is a diagram of electron capture detector.
from lamps to produce ionisation of solute molecules? Identify the unmarked component in the diagram.

a) Sulphur chemiluminescense detector


b) Thermal conductivity detector
c) Photo ionization detector
d) Electron capture detector

Question 74
Flame ionisation detector is also known as Katharometer.

a) True
b) False

Question 75
Thermionic emission detector used in gas chromatography is a) Glass shield
most sensitive to which of the following elements? b) Electrode
c) Quartz shield
a) Nitrogen d) Radioactive β- emitter
b) Phosphorous
c) Halogen Question 81
d) Carbon Gas-solid chromatography is based on which of the following
processes?
Question 76
Which of the following detectors has a non-volatile bead of a) Partition of the analyte between a gaseous mobile
rubidium silicate placed above the flame tip? phase and a stationary liquid phase
b) Adsorption of gaseous substances on solid surface
a) Argon ionisation detector c) Ion exchange
b) Thermionic emission detector d) Large molecules cannot penetrate through the gel
c) Flame ionization detector Question 82
d) Electron capture detector Which of the following components cannot be retained by
gas-liquid columns but can be separated by using gas-solid
Question 77 chromatography?
In which of the following detectors, the carrier gas is excited
by a radioactive source and the atoms of carrier gas are a) Formaldehyde
excited to metastable state? b) Hydrogen sulphide
c) Benzene
a) Argon ionisation detector d) Carbon dioxide
b) Thermionic emission detector
c) Flame ionization detector Question 83
d) Electron capture detector Which of the following is not an advantage of gas-solid
chromatography?
Question 78
Which of the following is not used as a heating element in a) Increased column life
Thermal conductivity detector? b) Can be used for separation of rare gases
c) Leads to semi-permanent retention of analyte
a) Platinum d) Ability to retain some components that cannot be
b) Gold easily retained by other gas chromatography
method
Question 84 Question 91
The distribution coefficients of Gas-solid chromatography are Which of the following is the disadvantage of reciprocating
greater than that of Gas-liquid chromatography. pump used in liquid chromatography?
a) True a) Produces pulsed flow
b) False b) Corrosive components
c) Does not have small hold-up value
Question 85 d) Does not have moderate flow rate
Which of the following columns can be used in Gas-solid
chromatography? Question 92
Which of the following is not a disadvantage of Pneumatic
a) Open tubular column pumps used in liquid chromatography?
b) Analytical column
c) Separation column a) Pulsed output
d) Guard column b) Dependent on solvent viscosity
c) Dependent on back pressure
Question 86 d) Inconvenient for solvent gradient elution
Which of the following is not an advantage for the conversion
of packed columns into wide bore capillaries? Question 93
Which of the following is not a desired characteristic of pulse
a) Longer retention times dampers or flow smootheners used in liquid chromatography?
b) Longer life
c) Higher efficiency a) Easy mobile phase change over
d) Greater inertness b) Constant flow must be maintained
c) Should be effective at low system pressure
Question 87 d) Maximal dead volume
Which of the following is not a disadvantage of gas-solid
chromatography? Question 94
Which of the following will improve the efficiency of
a) Strong retention of polar solutes separation process in liquid chromatography?
b) Lifetime is short
c) Occurrence of catalytic changes a) Increase in sample size, increase in column diameter
d) Cannot be used for very wide range of components b) Reduction in sample size, increase in column
diameter
Question 88 c) Increase in sample size, reduction in column
Gas-solid chromatography can be used only for separation of diameter
certain low molecular weight gaseous species. d) Reduction in sample size, reduction in column
diameter
a) True
b) False Question 95
Which of the following are the practical problems that arise
Question 89 due to the decrease in column diameter?
Which of the following is a special adsorbent used in gas-solid
chromatography? a) Requirement of large particle size and high pressure
drop
a) Molecular sieves b) Requirement of large particle size and low pressure
b) Silica gel drop
c) Alumina c) Requirement of small particle size and high pressure
d) Starch drop
d) Requirement of small particle size and low pressure
Question 90 drop
Which of the following properties of molecular sieves make it
ideal for exclusion mechanism of separation? Question 96
Which of the following is not true about guard column used
a) High thermal stability in liquid chromatography?
b) Large inner surface area
c) Variable framework charge a) It filters particles that clog the separation column
d) Ability to distinguish materials on the basis of their b) It extends the lifetime of separation column
size
c) It allows particles that cause precipitation upon Question 103
contact with stationary or mobile phase High pressure liquid chromatography can be performed only
d) The size of packing varies with the type of protection in columns.
needed
a) True
Question 97 b) False
Which of the following columns are not used in liquid or high
performance liquid chromatography? Question 104
Which of the following is not an advantage of Syringe type
a) Analytical column pumps used in High pressure liquid chromatography?
b) Separation column
c) Guard column a) Independent of viscosity
d) Capillary column b) Pulse-less flow
c) High pressure capability
Question 98
d) Unlimited solvent capacity
Which of the following is not a Column-type Liquid
chromatography?
Question 105
Which of the following is not true about solvent programming
a) Gel permeation
which is done in high performance liquid chromatography?
b) Ion exchange
c) Liquid-solid
a) It provides unequal bandwidths
d) Paper
b) It provides fast overall separation
c) It provides maximum resolution
Question 99
d) It provides maximum sensitivity
Which of the following is not true about radial compression
column when compared to standard separation column?
Question 106
Which of the following pulse damper takes up some amount
a) Internal diameter decreases
of the pulsation energy which is released to provide smooth
b) Overall operating pressure decreases
pressure without pulsations?
c) Analysis time decreases
d) Solvent flow increases
a) Flexible bellows or compressible gas passed through
tee columns
Question 100
b) Flexible inert diaphragm
Which of the following is not true about narrow bore column
c) Electronic pulse damper
when compared to standard columns?
d) Electrical pulse damper
a) Internal diameter decreases
Question 107
b) Volumetric flow decreases
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the syringe
c) Solvent cost is saved
pump used in high pressure liquid chromatography?
d) Detector response time increases
a) Pressure capability is high
Question 101
b) Maintenance is frequent
Which of the following types of liquid chromatography uses
c) Limited reservoir capability
immobilized biochemical as stationary phase?
d) Slight change of flow rate when extremely high
pressure compresses the solvent
a) Ion exchange chromatography
b) Exclusion chromatography
Question 108
c) Affinity chromatography
Syringe pumps used in High pressure liquid chromatography
d) Gel permeation chromatography
are most suitable for which of the following columns?
Question 102
a) Capillary columns
Which of the following is not true about High pressure liquid
b) Guard columns
chromatography (HPLC)?
c) Short-fast columns
d) Small bore columns
a) It requires high pressure for the separation of the
specious
b) There is no need to vaporise the samples
c) It is performed in columns
d) It has high sensitivity
Question 109 d) Fixed wavelength detector
Gravity feed method for solvent delivery is not used with
narrow bore columns packed with fine mesh particles. Question 116
Fluorescence detection is less selective than absorption
a) True detection.
b) False
a) True
Question 110 b) False
Which of the following cannot be done to reduce ripple in
High pressure liquid chromatography? Question 117
Which of the following detectors depend on Snell’s law at the
a) Using bellows interface between the cell wall and the flowing liquid to
b) Using restrictors deflect the light beam?
c) Using long nylon tube between pump and column
d) Avoiding the use of solvent pump a) Electrochemical detectors
b) Fluorescence detectors
Question 111 c) Refractive index detectors
Which of the following is not true about Hydraulic d) Thermal conductivity detectors
capacitance flow control system used in HPLC?
Question 118
a) It can be used only for liquids with low viscosity Refractive index detectors used in liquid chromatography are
b) It is irrespective of solvent compressibility not based on which of the following processes?
c) It maintains constant flow
d) It smoothens high pressure pump pulsations a) Interference
b) Refraction
Question 112 c) Reflection
Bulk property detectors used in liquid chromatography does d) Absorption
not respond to which of the following properties?
Question 119
a) Refractive index Which of the following detectors can be used for detection of
b) Density amino acids in protein hydrolyzates by introducing the
c) Properties of solutes reagent dansylchloride in the sample?
d) Dielectric constant
a) Electrochemical detectors
Question 113 b) Fluorescence detectors
Which of the following is not a property of a good detector c) Refractive index detectors
used in liquid chromatography? d) Thermal conductivity detectors

a) Good sensitivity Question 120


b) Ability to function in the presence of large The reference cell is packed with which of the following in the
background signal Adsorption detector used in liquid chromatography?
c) Short response time
d) Volume of detector must be large a) Inactive glass beads
b) Porous glass beads
Question 114 c) Alumina
Detector selectivity is more important in Liquid d) Silica
chromatography than in Gas chromatography.
Question 121
a) True Which of the following is true about Laser detectors used in
b) False liquid chromatography?

Question 115 a) Causes thermal distortion, has decreased sensitivity


Which of the following UV absorbance detectors provide a b) Causes thermal distortion, has increased sensitivity
real time spectrum of the component of interest? c) Does not cause thermal distortion, has decreased
sensitivity
a) Continuous wavelength detector d) Does not cause thermal distortion, has increased
b) Variable wavelength detector sensitivity
c) Scanning wavelength detector
Question 122 Question 125
Which of the following detectors used in liquid Which of the following detectors can detect almost any
chromatography is also called micro-adsorption detector? component?

a) Electrochemical detectors a) Combining two UV detectors


b) Fluorescence detectors b) Combining RI and UV detectors
c) Refractive index detectors c) Mass detector
d) Thermal detectors d) Laser-based detectors

Question 123 Question 126


In UV-Visible detectors, the cells are not made of which of the Given below is the diagram of Ultraviolet detector used in
following materials? liquid chromatography. Identify the unmarked component.

a) Quartz
b) Teflon
c) Silica
d) KELF

Question 124
Which of the following is not a feature of refractive index
type detectors?

a) Higher potential sensitivity


b) Low cost
c) High volume flow rates a) Collimator
d) Easy cell accessibility b) Lens
c) Monochromator
d) Quartz window
ANSWER KEY 42. A 85. A
43. A 86. A
1. B 44. B 87. B
2. A 45. C 88. A
3. A 46. C 89. A
4. B 47. D 90. D
5. D 48. C 91. A
6. C 49. B 92. A
7. B 50. A 93. D
8. A 51. D 94. D
9. B 52. C 95. C
10. A 53. A 96. C
11. C 54. B 97. D
12. C 55. C 98. D
13. A 56. A 99. A
14. C 57. B 100. D
15. D 58. B 101. C
16. B 59. C 102. B
17. A 60. C 103. A
18. B 61. B 104. D
19. A 62. D 105. A
20. B 63. A 106. A
21. A 64. C 107. B
22. C 65. D 108. D
23. C 66. D 109. A
24. C 67. C 110. D
25. D 68. C 111. A
26. A 69. B 112. C
27. C 70. D 113. D
28. D 71. A 114. A
29. A 72. A 115. C
30. C 73. C 116. B
31. B 74. B 117. C
32. C 75. B 118. D
33. C 76. B 119. B
34. D 77. A 120. A
35. B 78. C 121. A
36. A 79. A 122. D
37. B 80. D 123. C
38. B 81. B 124. C
39. A 82. B 125. B
40. C 83. C 126. D
41. C 84. A
ANSWER KEY

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BABABACCCD
ACDACBCCDBABBAC
CAABCCDCBA
DCABCABBCCBDACD
DCCBDAACBBBACAD
BBCAAABAAD
AADDCCDDADC
BADAABDADA
CDACBCDBAADCCBD

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