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Analytical Chemistry
Lecture Outline
Silver nitrate (AgNO3)
• most widely used precipitating agent
• for the determination of halides (Cl—, Br— & I—)
and halide-like anions (SCN—, CN— & CNO—)
• Available in primary-standard-grade purity, but
expensive
• Less pure can be standardized with primary
standard KCl
• Avoid skin contact; protein in skin can reduce Ag+
to AgO leaving dark brown stains
• Protect solutions from direct light or heat
Mohr Method
• Developed for the determination of Cl—, Br— &
CN— ions.
• Titrant - AgNO3; Indicator – Na2CrO4
• Detection of endpoint: based on the
formation of colored secondary precipitate
Titration reaction Cl— + Ag+ → AgCl(s)
Indicator reaction CrO4—2 + Ag+ → Ag2CrO4(s)
HDCF HEs
Fajans Method
• Adsorption indicators have different colors in free
and adsorbed state.
• Free DCF— is greenish-yellow in solution that
turns pink when adsorbed on AgCl ppt.
Indicator reaction
AgCl•Ag+ + DCF— → AgCl•Ag+ :DCF—