MID-I

1. (a) Explain in detail about various types of loads considered in design of bridges.
(b) Define the term impact factor and specify the importance of site investigation in bridge design.
2. Explain briefly about the following forces acting on the bridge with their design steps:
(a) Impact effect of moving live load.
(b) Flood water current force in the bridge longitudinal and transverse direction.
(c) Wind forces.
3. List the various forces acting on the box culvert. How the forces are influencing the design of the
box culvert? Explain about the same in detail with design procedure.
4. Design a reinforced concrete box culvert with inside dimensions 3 m height and 4.5 width. The box
culvert has to carry a superimposed load of 10 kN/m2 and a live load of 50 kN/m2. The density of the
earth is 10 kN/m2. Angle of repose of the soil in 30. Adopt M-20 grade concrete and Fe-415 grade
for steel. Sketch the details of reinforcement in the box culvert.
5. The reinforced concrete slab panel of a reinforced concrete tee beam and slab deck is 2 m wide
between tee beams and 4 m long between cross girders. Design the R.C slab panel for IRC class A
loading using M-30 grade concrete and Fe-500 grade HYSD bars. Assume the thickness of the
wearing coat as 80 mm. Sketch the details of reinforcements in the slab.
6. An RCC deck slab is to be constructed over a channel on a National highway for class AA tracked
vehicles. The effective span is 4.3 m. Calculate the net effective width of dispersion for two wheels
of class AA tracked vehicle by effective width method. Calculate live load bending moment for the
class AA tracked vehicle.
7. Design a RCC Tee beam girder for a national highway bridge to suit the following data:
Clear width of roadway = 7.5 m
Width of Krebs = 600 mm
Effective span = 20 m
Live load = IRC. Class – AA tracked vehicle
Thickness of wearing coat = 80 mm
Number of main girders = 4
Concrete = M20 grade
Steel = Fe415 grade for steel
Spacing of cross girders = 4 m,
Spacing of main girders = 2.5 m.
Design the deck slab, main girders and one of the cross girders, using Courbon’s method. Sketch the
typical details of reinforcements.
8. Design the middle longitudinal girder of the bridge by Courbon’s method for the maximum loading
of class AA or A. An RCC bridge consists of 3 longitudinal girders and 5 cross beams with the span
of 18 m. Thickness of the slab is 250 mm and W.C is 75 mm. Depth and width of the longitudinal
girder is 1.8 m and 0.4 m respectively. Assume the other preliminary dimensions of this two-lane
bridge as per the Indian road congress specifications, moderate exposure and cement concrete
wearing coat.

MID-II

1. A box girder of a pre-stressed concrete bridge of span 40 m has overall dimensions of 1200 mm
width and 1800 mm depth. The uniform thickness of the walls being 200 mm. The live load analysis
indicates a maximum live load moment of 2000 kN-m. The compressive strength of concrete at
transfer in 16 N/mm2. The loss ratio is 0.8. Cables consisting of 12 high tensile wires of 8 mm
diameter initially stresses to 1000 N/mm2 are available for use. Design the box girder as class-1 type
 structure and determine the number of cables required at the centre of span section and their position
from the centroidal axis.
2. Explain about the pre-stressed concrete bridge with its merits and demerits. Write the detailed design
procedure for a post-tensioned pre-stressed concrete bridge.
3. Design a reinforced concrete rocker bearing to transmit a support reaction of 800 kN. Adopt M-30
grade concrete and Fe-415 grade HYSD bars. Permissible bearing stress in concrete = 8 N/mm2.
Sketch the details of reinforcements in the concrete rocker bearing.
4. Design an elastomeric pad bearing for a two-lane R.C T-beam bridge of 15 m clear span with
following data:
Maximum dead load reaction / bearing : 320 kN Maximum live load reaction / bearing : 600 kN
Longitudinal forces / bearing : 33 kN Material for pier : Cement concrete M25 grade.
Vehicle reaction induced by longitudinal forces / bearing : 12 kN
Rotating at bearing of super structure due to DL & LL : 0.0025 radian.
5. The pier of a bridge transmits a total load of 7200 kN at the foundation level. Precast RCC piles 300
mm by 300 mm are proposed for the foundation. Which of pier = 0.9 m and length of pier = 8.75.
Spacing of piles = 1.75 m. Materials used are M20 grade concrete and Fe415 grade HYSD bars. A
hard stratum is available at a depth of 5 m below ground level. Design a typical pile and a suitable
pile cap and sketch the details of reinforcements.
6. List the various forces acting on the pier. How the forces are influencing the design of the pier?
Explain about the same in detail with design procedure.
7. A reinforced concrete well foundation is proposed for the pier of a bridge. Design suitable
reinforcements in the well steining using the following data:
Internal diameter of well = 2 m
Type of soil strata (Clayey) with constant K=0.033
Depth of well = 24 m
Materials: M-20 grade concrete
Fe-415 grade HYSD bars
Sketch the details of reinforcements in the well and curb.
8. Design the pier by using the following data:
Super structure : Simply supported T-beam of 24.3 m span
Foundation : Well foundation Dimensions : Shown in the following figure
DL from each span : 2000 kN LL : IRC class A or class A whichever produces server effect
Material for pier : Cement concrete M25 grade Reaction due to LL on one span : 900 kN
Maximum mean velocity of current : 3.6 m/sec
It is required to check the adequacy of the dimensions. Only the straight portion of the pier will be
considered in the design.