NORTH-EAST FRONTIER RAILWAY

(CONSTRUCTION ORGANIZATTION)

Preparation of General arrangement Drawing (GAD), details design &

drawing of Girder/Slab bridges including foundations, sub structure, bed
blocks, inspection platform, bearing etc. in between (A) NBQ to KYQ
station Via GLPT and (B) Digaru to Hojai in connection with NBQ to
KYQ via GLPT and Digaru to Hojai Doubling works in N.F.Railway:
SUBMISSION OF 1 NO. RCC DESIGN OF ABUTMENT BRIDGE NO
422,411 & 671 AT BONGAIGAON-KAMAKHYA SECTION.

REPORT ON:
RCC DESIGN & DRAWING OF ABUTMENT OF MAJOR
BRIDGES
BRIDGE NO: 422,411 & 671
CAT-18.3-ABT-2:APC-9
DOCUMENT NO.: NFR/3853/DPR/2017/R0

CLIENT:
Dy. Chief Engineer/Con/JPZ & MLG-III
N.F. RAILWAY,
CONSULTANT

C.E. TESTING COMPANY PVT. LTD.

AN ISO 9001, 14001 & OHSAS 18001 COMPANY

124A, N.S.C. BOSE ROAD,

NOV- 2017 KOLKATA-700092
 1 . Design of Pile Cap :

Longitudinal Direction/ Traffic Direction

10.5
A B
C1 C2 C3 C4
-0.25
0.5
1.2 2.65 4.65

Transverse Direction
3.4 5.4 8.3
7.85

3.4 1.65 1.7

3 C/L of Pile Cap

A B C/L of Abutment
1

The Pile Cap shall be designed under siesmic condition as it is critical for design.
Siesmic Case
Calculation of Pile Reaction of C1 Column
Pmax = P/n + ML / ZL2 + MT/ZT
= 1792.0275 / 12 + 1116.75615 / 30 + 8.378075/27.2
= 186.87 T

Calculation of Pile Reaction of C4 Column

Pmin = P/n - ML / ZL2 - MT/ZT
= 1792.0275 / 12 - 1116.75615 / 30 - 8.378075/27.2
= 111.802 T

Calculation of Pile Reaction of C2 Column

Pmax = P/n + ML / ZL1 + MT/ZT
= 1792.0275 / 12 + 1116.75615 / 90 + 8.378075/27.2
= 162.052 T

Calculation of Pile Reaction of C3 Column

Pmin = P/n - ML / ZL1 - MT/ZT
= 1792.0275 / 12 - 1116.75615 / 90 - 8.378075/27.2
= 136.619 T

Overall depth of Pile Cap = 1.8 m

Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
Calculation of Moment at section A-A

Downward vertical load due to self weight of Pile Cap in ULS Condition
= 8.3 x 3.4 x 1.8 x 2.5 x 1.25
= 158.74 T

Bending Moment (BM A-A) = 186.869 x3x 2.65 + 162.052 x3x-0.25 - 158.74
= 1205.33 T-m

Now Bending moment per meter length of pile cap= MA-A

MA-A = 1205.33 / 8.3
= 145.22 T-m /m
Effective depth of pile cap (d)= 1800 - 75 -12.5
= 1712.5 mm
Lever Arm (z) = 0.95 x d
= 1626.88 mm
For Sections without Compression Reinforcement the Ultimate Moment of Resistance Can be checked
according to IRS-CBC (Cl.-15.4.2.2.1).
Moment of resistance Mr = 0.15 x fck x b x d2
= 0.15 x 35 x 1000 x 1712.5^2/10^7
= 1539.64 T-m > 145.22 T-m Hence Ok

Check for Reinforcement :

Mu = 0.87 fy As z
Therefore Ast Required = 145.22 x 10^7 / ( 0.87 x500 x 1626.88)
= 2052.02 mm2

As per Cl: 15.9.4.1 of IRS Concrete Bridge Code;

Minimum reinforcement required = 0.20% of bd
= 3425 mm2

Hence Allow minimum reinforcement

Dia of Reinforcement provided = 25 mm

Spacing of reinforcement provided = 130 mm
Ast Provided = 3776 mm2
Ast Provided > Ast Required Hence Ok
Hence provide 25 mm tor bar @ 130 mm c/c in bottom reinforcement over pile cap width
Distribution Steel:
Minimum area of secondary reinforcement :-
As per Cl: 15.9.4.2 of IRS Concrete Bridge Code; = 0.12% of bd
= 2055 mm2
Dia of Reinforcement provided = 20 mm
Spacing of reinforcement provided = 130 mm
Ast Provided = 2417 mm2
Ast Provided > Ast Required Hence Ok
Hence provide 20 mm tor bar @ 130 mm c/c in both direction over pile cap length

Check for Shear:

Checking of Shear force has been done at "d" distance from the face of the Abutment wall
So available length of pile cap beyond "d" distance = 3400 - 1712.5 mm
= 1687.5 mm
= 1.6875 mm

So Shear Force= 186.869 x 3 + 162.052 x 3-(8.3 x 1.8 x 1.6875 x 2.5 x 1.25 )

= 967.9778 T

Shear Stress (τv) = Vu / bd

= 0.68 N/mm2
Now As per Cl. No. 15.8.3.2 & 15.8.3.3 of IRS CBC
av = (3.4 - 0.75 -0.6 ) + (0.2 x 1.2)
= 2.29
So Enhanced factor= 2x d / av
= 2 x 1.7125 /2.29 = 1.5
Now, 0.75 x sqrt( fck) = 4.44 Mpa

Now 100 As/ bd = 100 x 3776 / ( 1000 x 1712.5)

= 0.22 %
Now As per table 15 of IRS CBC
τc = 0.37+ {(0.44-0.37)/(0.25-0.15)}*(0.23-0.15)
= 0.42 Mpa
Now As per table 16 of IRS CBC
s= Max ( (500 /1712.5)^0.25, 0.7)
= 0.735

Therefore Allowable shear stress (sτc) = 0.309 Mpa

(As per Cl. No. 15.8.3.2 of IRS- CBC)
So enhanced shear stress = 1.5 x 0.309 = 0.464 Mpa

Shear Capacity at the critical section =

Now in this case
{ ( 8300-3 x 1200 )x0.309+ ( 3 x 1200 x 0.464 )} x
= 1712.5/ 10^4
= 534.7624 < 967.9778 T
Hence Shear reinforcement Required
τv > s τc So as per table no 14 of IRS CBC

Asv = bsv (τ + 0.4- s τc)/(0.87 fyv)

Now Consider,
sv = 130 mm d= 1712.5 mm
b= 8300 mm V= 967.9778 T
fyv= 415 Mpa SVc= 439.2 T

So, Asv = 130 x (967.97784375+ 0.4 - 439.2)x 10^4 /( 0.87 x415 x 1712.5)
= 1111.78 mm2

So Asv required per meter width of pile cap = 1111.78 / 8.3

= 133.9494 mm2

Provided dia of bar= 10 mm @ 130 mm c/c in longitudinal direction

Asv provided = 0.7854 x 10^ 2 x 1000 /130

= 604.1524 mm2 > 133.9494 mm2 Hence Ok

Provided dia of bar= 10 mm @ 390 mm c/c in Transverse direction

Calculation of Moment at section B-B

Downward vertical load due to self weight of Pile Cap in ULS Condition
= 8.3 x 5.4 x 1.8 x 2.5 x 1.25
= 252.11 T
Downward vertical load due to self weight Backfill Soil in ULS Condition
= (48.25-43.918) x (7.85 - 2 x 0.5) x 5.4 x 1.8 x 1.25
= 360.542 T
Downward vertical load due to self weight of Return Wall in ULS Condition
= (48.25 - 43.918 ) x 5.4 x 2 x 0.5 x 2.5 x 1.25
= 73.1 T

Bending Moment (BM B-B) = (111.802 x 4.65 x 3) + (136.619 x 1.65 x 3 ) - (252.11 x 2.7
)- (360.542 x 2.7 ) - (73.1 x 2.7)
= 384.37 T-m
Now Bending moment per meter length of pile cap= MB-B
MB-B = 384.37 / 8.3
= 46.31 T-m/m
For Sections without Compression Reinforcement the Ultimate Moment of Resistance Can be checked
according to IRS-CBC (Cl.-15.4.2.2.1).
Moment of resistance Mr = 0.15 x fck x b x d2
= 0.15 x 35 x 1000 x 1712.5^2/10^7
= 1539.64 T-m Hence Ok

Reinforcement required = 463100000 / (0.87 x 500 x 1626.88)

= 654.38 mm2

As per Cl: 15.9.4.1 of IRS Concrete Bridge Code;

Minimum reinforcement required = 0.20% of bd
= 3425 mm2

Hence Allow minimum reinforcement

Dia of Reinforcement provided = 25 mm

Spacing of reinforcement provided = 130 mm
Ast Provided = 3776 mm2
Ast Provided > Ast Required Hence Ok
Distribution Steel:
Minimum area of secondary reinforcement :-
As per Cl: 15.9.4.2 of IRS Concrete Bridge Code; = 0.12% of bd
2055
Dia of Reinforcement provided = 20 mm
Spacing of reinforcement provided = 130 mm
Ast Provided = 2417 mm2
Ast Provided > Ast Required Hence Ok
Hence provide 20 mm tor bar @ 130 mm c/c in both direction over pile cap length
 2. Design of Abutment Wall:

Formation Level= 48.25 M C/L of Bearing & C/L of Abutment

Girder Side
0.3 m
0.311 46.118 M
0.7 m
1.4 0.9 m

0.85 m

1.7

5.4 3.4 Top of Pile Cap Level

A 43.918

Bottom of Pile Cap

Level = 42.118 M

Load Calculation:
1. Dead Load :- Dead Load from various components on Abutment and their moments about point A shown in Diagram is
calculated below
Dimensions Lever Arm Vertical Moment
Unit about Reaction
Sl. No. Load Case
Weight Point A on T-m
Length (m) Bredth (m) Height (m) (T/m3) (m) Abutment(

1 Dead Load of Superstructure - - - 2.5 0.85 57.855 -49.18

2 SIDL - - - 2.5 0.85 64.269 -54.63

3 Abutment Cap 7.85 1.7 0.9 2.5 0.85 30.026 -25.52
4 Abutment Wall 7.85 1.7 1.3 2.5 0.85 43.371 -36.87
5 Dirt Wall 7.85 0.3 2.132 2.5 1.213 12.552 -15.23
Extended portion of
6 1.3 0.7 1.4 2.5 2.05 3.185 -6.53
Longitudinal arrester block

7 Pedestal 1.515 0.5575 0.15 2.5 0.85 0.317 -0.27

Total= 211.58 -188.23

So moment about about C.G. of Base of Abutment = 211.58 x 0.85 -188.23

= -8.387 T-m
So moment about about C.G. of Base of Abutment without SIDL=
= 147.311 x 0.85 -133.6
= -8.38565 T-m
2. Live Load:

Total EUDL on Super structure without augment = 229.536 T

(Note : Please Refer Appendix XXIII of IRS:Bridge Rules)
Including CDA Live load on superstructure = 335.123 T
Reaction on Abutment = 167.562 T

Moment about CG of Base of Abutment = 0T

3. Horizontal Forces (Tractive effort/ Breaking Force):

Total Tractive effort on Superstructure = 74.97 T

(Please Refer Appendix XXIV of IRS Bridge Rules )
Reaction on Abutment = 37.49 T
So Moment about base of abutment = 37.49 x (46.118 + 0.311 - 43.918 )
= 94.14 T-m

4. Earth Pressure:
Formation Level
48.25

Top of Pile Cap

43.918

Active Earth Pressure Co-efficient = 0.308

Pressure Intensity = KaγH
= 2.402 T/m2
Total Horizontal Force due to earth pressure = 2.402 /2 x 4.332 x 7.85
= 40.84 T

So moment about base of abutment = 40.84 x 4.332 /3

= 58.97 T-m

5. Surcharge Pressure:
(Note : Please Refer CL. 5.8.2 Of IRS : Substructure & Foundation Code.)

Dead Load Surcharge V = 6.5 T/m

Live Load Surchage S = 13.7 T/m
Surcharge Width at Formation Level B = 3 m
Length of Abutment L = 7.85 m
Height of Abutment h = 4.332 m
Thickness of Pile Cap D = 1.8 m
Total height with Pile Cap H = 6.132 m
Length of Pile Cap Lp = 8.3 m
L-B= 7.85 - 3 = 4.85 m
 Therefore, H > (L - B), Case-2 is applicable

Case - 2 :
( S + V ) Ka
= 2.07 T/m2
B

4.85 4.332

Bottom of Abutment/ Top of Pile Cap

6.132 0.93

Bottom of Pile Cap

( S + V ) Ka
= 0.79 T/m2
L
Pressure Intensity at Top of Pile Cap Level = 2.074 - ( 2.074 - 0.793 )/ 4.85 x 4.332
= 0.93 T/m2

SO Horizontal Force at base of abutment = ( 2.074 + 0.93 )/2 x4.332

= 6.507 T/m

Total Force at bottom of abutment = 6.507 x 7.85

= 51.08 T

Lever Arm of this force from base of this abutment = 4.332 / 3 x (2x0.93 + 2.074)/(0.93 + 2.074)
= 1.89 m
So Moment at Base of Abutment = 51.08 x 1.89
= 96.54 T-m

6. Seismic Forces:
Horizontal seismic co-efficient for Abutment (αh) = 0.27

Horizontal RL of Base Lever Arm Moment

Vertical Reaction Seismic Co- Acting at
Sl. No. Load Case Load (HL) (T) of (m) (T-m) (C5
(T) efficient RL
(C3 x C4) Abutment (C6-C7) x C8)

C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9
1 Dead Load of Superstructure 57.855 0.27 15.62 46.429 43.918 2.511 39.22
2 SIDL 64.269 0.27 17.35 46.429 43.918 2.511 43.57
3 Abutment Cap 30.026 0.27 8.11 45.668 43.918 1.75 14.19
4 Abutment Wall 43.371 0.27 11.71 44.568 43.918 0.65 7.61
5 Dirt Wall 12.552 0.27 3.39 47.184 43.918 3.266 11.07
Extended portion of
6 3.185 0.27 0.86 46.368 43.918
Longitudinal arrester block
2.45 2.11
7 Pedestal 0.317 0.27 0.09 46.193 43.918 2.275 0.2
Total = 57.13 117.97
 Dynamic Increment of Earth Pressure:

Co-efficient of Dynamic Increment = 0.568

% of Increment in force due to dynamic effect = (0.568 - 0.308)/0.308x 100%

= 84.5 %
So Earth Pressure Increment = 40.84 x 84.5%
= 34.51 T

So Moment at Base of Abutment = 34.51 x 2.166

= 74.749 T-m

Dynamic Increment of Surcharge:

Increment in surcharge pressure = 51.08 x 84.5%

= 43.1626 T

Lever Arm w.r.t. base of Abutment = 0.67 x 4.332

= 2.902 m
So Moment at Base of Abutment = 43.1626 x 2.902
= 125.258 T-m

Load Combination:
Load combination under ULS Case:
Seismic case
V= (211.58-64.269) x 1.25 + 64.269 x 1.5 + 167.562 x 0.5 + 57.13 x 0.67 x 1.2
= 410.256 T

ML = 1.25 x (-8.38565000000003 )+1.7 x 58.97 + 1.7 x 96.54 + 0.5 x 94.14 + 1.2 x 117.97 + 1.2 x 74.749 + 1.2 x 125.258
= 682.5 T-m

Design of Abutment Shaft in ULS Condition:

Thickness of Abutment Shaft = 1.7 m

Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Depth of Abutment = 1592.5 mm
Lever Arm = 0.95 x d
= 1512.875 mm
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
For Sections without Compression Reinforcement the Ultimate Moment of Resistance Can be checked according to IRS-CBC
(Cl.-15.4.2.2.1).
2
Moment of resistance Mr = 0.15 x fck x b x d
= 0.15 x 35 x 7850 x 1592.5^2/10^7
= 10452 T-m Hence Ok
Check for Reinforcement:

Reinforcement Required (Ast) = 682.5 x 10^7 /(0.87 x 500 x 1512.875)

= 10371 mm2
Reinforcement Required (Ast) per meter length of Abutment
= 1321 mm2
Minimum area of reinforcement required is 0.4%
(as per cl. No. 15.9.4.1 of IRS CBC) = 0.4% bd
= 0.4 % x (7850 x 1592.5 )
= 50004.5 mm2
Minimum area of reinforcement required per meter length of Abutment
= 6370 mm2

Provided Reinforcement dia on Eartth Face = 25 mm

Spacing of reinforcement = 120 mm
2
Ast Provided in Earth Face of Abutment = 4091 mm

% of reinforcement provided on earth face = 0.26 %

Provided Reinforcement dia on opposite of Eartth Face = 20

Spacing of reinforcement = 120
Ast Provided in Earth Face of Abutment = 2618

% of reinforcement provided on earth face = 0.15

Total Area of Reinforcement provided = 4091 + 2618 mm2

= 6709 mm2
Ast Provided > Ast Required Hence Ok
Total Reinforcement % Provided = 0.15 + 0.26
= 0.41 %.

Distribution Steel:
Minimum area of secondary reinforcement :-
As per Cl: 15.9.4.2 of IRS Concrete Bridge Code; = 0.12% of bd
= 1911 mm2
Dia of Reinforcement provided = 20
Spacing of reinforcement provided = 150
Ast Provided = 2094 mm2
Ast Provided > Ast Required Hence Ok

Check for Shear:

Effective depth of Abutment shaft = 1592.5 mm

1.4 x 37.49 + 1.7 x 40.84 + 1.7 x 51.08 + 1.25 x 57.13 + 1.25 x

Total Shear force in ULS Conbination =
34.51 + 1.25 x 43.1626
= 377.25 T
So Shear Force per meter length of Abutment = 377.25 / 7.85
= 48.06 T/m
Shear Stress (τv) = 48.06 / ( 1 x 1.5925 )
= 30.18 T/m2
= 0.302 Mpa
 Now 100 As/ bd = 100 x 4091 / (1000 x1592.5)
= 0.26 %
Now As per table 15 of IRS CBC
τc = 0.44+ {(0.56-0.44)/(0.50-0.25)}*(0.26-0.25)
= 0.445
Now As per table 16 of IRS CBC
s= Max ( (500 /1592.5)^0.25, 0.7)
= 0.749
Therefore Allowable shear stress (sτc) = 0.749 x 0.445
(As per Cl. No. 15.8.3.2 of IRS- CBC) = 0.333
In This case τv<sτc
So as per table no 14 of IRS CBC
Asv = 0.4 b sv/0.87 fyv
Now Consider,
sv = 120 d= 1592.5
b= 1000 τv= 0.302
fyv= 415 sτc= 0.333

So, Asv = { 0.4 x 1000 x 120 / (0.87 x 415)}

= 132.95 mm2
Provided dia of bar= 10 mm dia 2 Legged stirrups @ 120 c/c

Asv provided = 1308 mm2 > 132.95 mm2

Hence Ok
 3. Design of Bed Block:

The Bed block/ Abutment Cap is a solid slab fully supported on abutment wall.
Mesh Reinforcement (10mm dia 110 c/c in Longitudinal Direction & 10 mm
dia 100 c/c in transverse direction) has been provided under bearings.
The Block has been adequeately reinforced with 20mm dia bar @ 150 mm c/c bothways to
provide rigidity and strength against local loading

Dia of Bars provided = 20 mm

Spacing of bars provided = 150 mm

Area of Reinforcement provided = 0.785 x 20^2 x 1000 / 150

2
= 2094 mm
% of Reinforcement provided = 0.23 %
 4. Design of Dirt Wall :

Load Calculation:
1. Earth Pressure Calculation:
Formation Level
48.25 M

2.132

Top of Bed block level

46.118 M

Earth Pressure intensity = KaγH

= 0.308 x 1.8 x 2.132
= 1.182 T/m2
Now Force Due to Earth Pressure on Dirt Wall per meter length
= 0.5 x 1.182 x 2.132
= 1.26 T /m length

2. Surcharge Pressure Calculation:

( S + V ) Ka
= 2.07 T/m2
B

2.132
4.85
6.132 Top of Bed Block
1.511

Bottom of Pile Cap

( S + V ) Ka
= 0.79 T/m2
L
Pressure Intensity at top of bed block level = 2.074 - { ( 2.074 - 0.793 ) / 4.85 x 2.132 }
= 1.511 T/m2
Now the point of application of surcharge pressure from the top of bed block
= ( 2.132 / 3 ){(2 x 1.511 + 2.074 ) / ( 1.511 + 2.074 ) }
= 1.01 m
Now Force Due to Surcharge Pressure on Dirt Wall per meter length
= ( 2.132 / 2) x (2.074 + 1.511 )
= 3.822 T /m length
 3. Calculation of Dynamic Increment force:

Percentage of Dynamic Increment = 84.5 %

Now Dynamic increment on earth pressure force

= 1.26 x 84.5 %
= 1.0647 T /m length

Now Dynamic increment on Surcharge pressure force

= 3.822 x 84.5 %
= 3.23 T /m length

4. Calculation of Dead Load of Dirt Wall:

Thickness of Dirt Wall = 0.3 m

Height of Dirt Wall = 2.132 m

Dead Load of Dirt Wall = 0.3 x 2.132 x 1 x 2.5

= 1.6 T/ m Length

5. Seismic Force on Dirt Wall Due the Dead Load:

Horizontal seismic co-efficient for Abutment (αh) = 0.27

SO Dead Load Seismic = 0.27 x 1.6

= 0.432 T/ m Length

Load Combination:
Total Ultimate moment on Dirt wall in Seismic condition
( 1.26 x 2.132 x 0.33 x 1.7 + (3.822 x 1.01 x 1.7) + (1.0647
x 0.67 x 2.132 x 1.25) + (3.23 x 0.67 x 2.132 x 1.25) +
ML = (0.432 x 0.5 x 2.132 x 1.25
= 16.33 T-m

Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Depth of Section (d) = 300 - 50 - 20 / 2
= 240 mm
Lever Arm = 0.95*d
228 mm

Now Ast Required = 16.33 x 10^7 / ( 0.87 x 500 x 228)

= 1646.501 mm2

Provided Reinforcement dia on Eartth Face = 20 mm

Spacing of reinforcement = 130 mm
Ast Provided = 0.7850 x 20^2 x 1000 /130
2
= 2416.61 mm
Ast Provided > Ast Required Hence Ok

Provided Reinforcement dia on opposite Earth Face = 16 mm

Spacing of reinforcement = 130 mm
Ast Provided = 0.7850 x 16^2 x 1000 /130
= 1546.63 mm2

Distribution Steel:
Minimum area of secondary reinforcement :-
As per Cl: 15.9.4.2 of IRS Concrete Bridge Code; = 0.12% of bd
= 288 mm2
Dia of Reinforcement provided = 16 mm
Spacing of reinforcement provided = 150 mm
Ast Provided = 754 mm2
Ast Provided > Ast Required Hence Ok
. 5. Design of Transverse Seismic Arrester Block:

Length Bredth Height

Size of The Arrester block provided =
(mm) (mm) (mm)
725 1300 1400
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Load Calculation:
1. Factored Horizontal force due to dead load of super-structure in ULS
= 57.855 x 0.27 x 1.25
= 19.526 T
2. Factored Horizontal force due to SIDL in ULS
= 64.269 x 0.27 x 2
= 34.705 T
3. Factored Horizontal force due to 50% Live Load in Transverse direction
= 229.536 x 0.5 x 0.27 x 1.4
= 43.38 T
So Total horizontal force in Transverse direction (HT)
HT = 19.526 + 34.705 + 43.38
= 97.61 T
Now, As per Cl. No. 13.3.2.4 of IITK- RDSO- Guidelines for seismic design
this Horizontal force shall be further enhanced by 1.5 times

Therefore, design HT = 1.5 x 97.61

= 146.415 T
Design Calculation & Methodology:

Now design methodology has been followed as deep beam of V.K. Raina
Book of "Concrete Bridge Practice"

Here Vu = 146.415 T
Consider S = 0.97 x 1.4 = 1.358 m
Effective Depth(d') = 1300 - 50 - 25/ 2 - 16
= 1221.5 mm

Therefore S /d' = 1.358 / 1.2215

= 1.112 >1 Hence proceed with design

Now, d= 0.8 x 1.2215

= 0.9772 m
Therefore Calculate flexural tension reinforcement
Af = ( 1464150 x 1358 ) / ( 0.85 x 500 x 977.2
2
= 4788 mm
No of Bars Provided = 12 in 2 Layers
Dia of Bar provided = 25 mm

Therefore As = 0.785 x 25^2 x 12

2
= 5890 mm Hence ok

Check for Nominal Shear Strength:

Vu/bd = 146.415 x 10^4 / (725 x 977.2 )

= 2.07 Mpa
For M35 grade of concrete
fc' = 0.8 x 35
= 28 MPa
Now, 0.15 xf c ' = 0.15 x 28
= 4.2 MPa
As Vu/bd < 0.15 fc' Hence Ok

Check for Frictional Reinforcement :

Consider co-efficient of friction = 1.4

Now Area of frictional reinforcement required (Avf)

Avf = 146.415 x 10^4 / (0.85 x500 x 1.4 )
2
= 2461 mm
Check for Shear Reinforcement:
Total Shear Reinforcement will be More Than the Max of the following :

2
Ah = 0.5 x Af = 2394 mm
2
Ah =0.333 x Avf = 819.513 mm

2
Area of Horizontal stirrups(Ah) = 2394 mm
This stirrup shall be provided below As within a depth of 2/3 d'

So, 2 / 3 d' = 818.41 mm

Now dia of stirrups provided = 16 mm

No of Legs of stirrup
No of layers
Provided area of steel (Ah ) =
= 4 nos
= 4 layers
0.785 x 16^2 x 4 x 4
2
= 3217 mm
Ah provided > Ah required Hence ok

Check for Vertical shear reinforcement:

0.5 x (Vu - Vc) x p
Area of Horizontal stirrups(Av) =
Fy x d

Now, Vc = 10 x b x d in kgs
= 10 x 72.5 x 97.72
= 70847 Kg
= 708.47 kN

So, Av = 0.5 x ( 1464.15 - 708.47 ) x 10^3 x 200 / (500 x 977.2 )

= 155 mm2
Now dia of stirrups provided = 10 mm
No of Legs of stirrup = 4 nos
Pitch of stirrups (p) = 200 mm

Provided area of steel (Av ) = 0.785 x 10^2 x 4

2
= 314 mm
Av provided > Av required Hence ok
 6. Design of Longitudinal Seismic Arrester Block:

Length Bredth Height

Size of The Arrester block provided =
(mm) (mm) (mm)
1000 1150 1400
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Load Calculation:
1. Factored Horizontal force due to dead load of super-structure in ULS
= 57.855 x 0.27 x 1.25
= 19.526 T
2. Factored Horizontal force due to SIDL in ULS
= 64.269 x 0.27 x 2
= 34.705 T
3. Factored Horizontal force due to Tractive effort/ Breaking force
= 37.49 x 1.4
= 52.49 T
So Total horizontal force in Transverse direction (HT)
HT = 19.526 + 34.705 + 52.49
= 106.72 T
Now, As per Cl. No. 13.3.2.4 of IITK- RDSO- Guidelines for seismic design
this Horizontal force shall be further enhanced by 1.5 times

Therefore, design HT = 1.5 x 106.72

= 160.08 T
Design Calculation & Methodology:

Now design methodology has been followed as deep beam of V.K. Raina
Book of "Concrete Bridge Practice"

Here Vu = 160.08 T
Consider S = 0.97 x 1.4 = 1.358 m
Effective Depth(d') = 1150 - 50 - 25/ 2 - 12
= 1075.5 mm

Therefore S /d' = 1.358 / 1.0755

= 1.263 >1 Hence proceed with design

Now, d= 0.8 x 1.0755

= 0.8604 m
Therefore Calculate flexural tension reinforcement
Af = ( 1600800 x 1358 ) / ( 0.85 x 500 x 860.4
2
= 5945 mm
No of Bars Provided = 16 in 2 Layers
Dia of Bar provided = 25 mm

Therefore As = 0.785 x 25^2 x 16

2
= 7854 mm Hence ok

Check for Nominal Shear Strength:

Vu/bd = 160.08 x 10^4 / (1000 x 860.4 )

= 1.86 Mpa
For M35 grade of concrete
fc' = 0.8 x 35
= 28 MPa
Now, 0.15 xfc' = 0.15 x 28
= 4.2 MPa
As Vu/bd < 0.15 fc' Hence Ok

Check for Frictional Reinforcement :

Consider co-efficient of friction = 1.4

Now Area of frictional reinforcement required (Avf)

Avf = 160.08 x 10^4 / (0.85 x500 x 1.4 )
2
= 2690 mm
Check for Shear Reinforcement:
Total Shear Reinforcement will be More Than the Max of the following :

2
Ah = 0.5 x Af = 2972.5 mm
2
Ah =0.333 x Avf = 895.77 mm

2
Area of Horizontal stirrups(Ah) = 2972.5 mm
This stirrup shall be provided below As within a depth of 2/3 d'
 So,
Now dia of stirrups provided =
No of Legs of stirrup
No of layers
Provided area of steel (Ah ) =
Check for Vertical shear reinforcement:
Area of Horizontal stirrups(Av) =
Now,
So,
Now dia of stirrups provided =
No of Legs of stirrup
Pitch of stirrups (p)
Provided area of steel (Av )
2 / 3 d' = 720.59 mm
12 mm
= 6 nos
= 6 layers
0.785 x 12^2 x 6 x 6
2
= 4072 mm
Ah provided > Ah required Hence OK
0.5 x (Vu - Vc) x p
Fy x d
Vc = 10 x b x d in kgs
= 10 x 100 x 86.04
= 86040 Kg
= 860.4 kN
Av = 0.5 x ( 1600.8 - 860.4 ) x 10^3 x 200 / (500 x 860.4 )
= 172 mm2
10 mm
= 6 nos
= 200 mm
= 0.785 x 10^2 x 6
2
= 471 mm
Av provided > Av required Hence ok
 7. Design of Return Wall using Moody's Chart:

In this case the length of return wall (a) = 5.4 m

Height of return wall (b) = 4.332 m
So, a/b = 1.25 > 1

As per the book Named "Moments & reactions of rectangular Plates" by W.T.Moody if the ration a
and b is more than 1 then the variation in the co-efficients is very less i.e. less than 8% so we use the
monogram of a/b = 1

a= 4.332

b = 5.40

For Active earth pressure Co-efficients of moment and reaction are:

As per Fig No 30 and page No 36 of above mentioned book

Mx (inner ) = 0.0662
My (inner ) = 0.1157
Mx (outer ) = 0.0291
My (outer ) = 0.0759
Rx = 0.2481
Ry = 0.5586

For surcharge pressure Co-efficients of moment and reaction are:

As per Fig No 27 and page No 33 of above mentioned book

Mx (inner ) = 0.2949
My (inner ) = 0.2949
Mx (outer ) = 0.1046
My (outer ) = 0.1724
Rx = 1.1828
Ry = 1.1828

Load calculation:

1. Active Earth Pressure:

Formation Level
48.25

4.332

Top of Pile Cap Level

43.918
2.40 t/m2
Active Earth Pressure Co-efficient = 0.308
Pressure Intensity = KaγH
= 2.402 T/m2
2. Surcharge Pressure:

(Note : Please Refer CL. 5.8.2 Of IRS : Substructure & Foundation Code.)

Dead Load Surcharge V = 6.5 T/m

Live Load Surchage S = 13.7 T/m
Surcharge Width at Formation Level B = 3 m
Length of Abutment L = 7.85 m
Height of Abutment h = 4.332 m

Formation level

45o B= 3 m D = 1.925 m

4.332 m
3.925 m
h = 2.407 m

0.5 m
As per Cl. No. 5.8.3. of Substructure & Foundation code
Surcharge Pressure Intensity = (S + V) h Ka
(B + 2D)
= 2.19 t/m
Surcharge Pressure Intensity at bottom
= 0.91 t/m2
So Equivalent Surcharge pressure on return wall
= 0.91 x 2.407 x 1.2035 / (4.332 x 2.166)
= 0.281 t/m2
Surcharge Pressure Diagram

1.925
4.332
2.407

0.910 T/m2 0.281 T/m2

Calculation of Moment & Reaction due to surcharge :

Maximum moment at base (M y) = 0.2949 x 0.281 x 4.332^2

= 1.555 t-m/m
Maximum moment at face of abutment (M x)
= 0.2949 x 0.281 x 4.332^2
= 1.555 t-m/m
Moment on opposite to earth face(M y)
= 0.1724 x 0.281 x 4.332^2
= 0.909 t-m/m
Moment on opposite to earth face(M x)
= 0.1046 x 0.281 x 4.332^2
= 0.552 t-m/m
Now Ultimate Moment
Mx = ( 0.552 + 1.555 ) x 1.7
= 3.582 t-m/m
My = ( 1.555 + 0.909 ) x 1.7
= 4.1888 t-m/m

Reaction due to Surcharge

Rx = 1.1828 x 0.281 x 4.332
= 1.44 t
Ry = 1.1828 x 0.281 x 4.332
= 1.44 t

Calculation of Moment & Reaction due to Active Earth Pressure :

Maximum moment at base (M y) = 0.1157 x 2.402 x 4.332^2

= 5.215
Maximum moment at face of abutment (M x)
= 0.0662 x 2.402 x 4.332^2
= 2.984
Moment on opposite to earth face(M y)
= 0.0759 x 2.402 x 4.332^2
= 3.421
Moment on opposite to earth face(M x)
= 0.0291 x 2.402 x 4.332^2
= 1.312
Calculation of Reaction
Rx = 0.2481 x 2.402 x 4.332
= 2.581596
Ry = 0.5586 x 2.402 x 4.332
= 5.812492

So resultant horizontal moment Inner Face

Mrx = ( 2.984 + 1.555 ) x 1.7
= 7.7163 T-m
So resultant vertical moment Inner Face
Mry = ( 1.555 + 5.215 ) x 1.7
= 11.509
Similarly,
So resultant horizontal moment outer Face
Mrx = ( 0.552 + 1.312 ) x 1.7
= 3.169
So resultant vertical moment outer Face
Mry = ( 3.421 + 0.909 ) x 1.7
= 7.361
 Check for Depth of section & Reinforcement:

1. Horizontal reinforcement calculation on inner face:

Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Depth of Section (d) = 500 - 75 - 25 - 10
= 390 mm
Lever Arm z= 370.5 mm
Depth required Sqrt(Mu/0.15xFck x b) = 121 mm
Depth provided > Depth required Hence Ok

Area of reinforcement required = 77163000 / ( 0.87 x 500 x 370.5 )

= 478.7752 mm2

Provided Reinforcement dia on Eartth Face = 20 mm

Spacing of reinforcement = 130 mm
Ast Provided = 2417 mm2
Ast required <Ast provided Hence ok
2. Vertical reinforcement calculation on inner face:

Effective Depth of Section (d) = 500 - 75 - 25/2

= 412.5 mm
Lever Arm z = 391.875 mm
Depth required Sqrt(Mu/0.15xFck x b) = 148 mm
Depth provided > Depth required Hence Ok

Area of reinforcement required = 115090000 / ( 0.87 x 500 x 391.875 )

= 675.1508 mm2

Provided Reinforcement dia on Eartth Face = 25 mm

Spacing of reinforcement = 130 mm
Ast Provided = 3776 mm2
Ast required < Ast provided Hence ok
3. Horizontal reinforcement calculation on outer face:

Effective Depth of Section (d) = 500 - 75 - 16 - 8

= 401 mm
Lever Arm z= 380.95 mm
Depth required Sqrt(Mu/0.15xFck x b) = 78 mm
Depth provided > Depth required Hence Ok

Area of reinforcement required = 31690000 / ( 0.87 x 500 x 380.95 )

= 191.234 mm2

Provided Reinforcement dia on Eartth Face = 16 mm

Spacing of reinforcement = 130 mm
Ast Provided = 1547 mm2
Ast required < Ast provided Hence ok
4. Vertical reinforcement calculation on outer face:

Effective Depth of Section (d) = 500 - 75 - 16/2

= 476 mm
Lever Arm z= 452.2 mm
Depth required Sqrt(Mu/0.15xFck x b) = 118 mm
Depth provided > Depth required Hence Ok

Area of reinforcement required = 73610000 / ( 0.87 x 500 x 452.2 )

= 374.2114 mm2

Provided Reinforcement dia on Eartth Face = 16 mm

Spacing of reinforcement = 130 mm
Ast Provided = 1547 mm2
Ast required < Ast provided Hence ok