PROBLEM 3.

144
A force and a couple are applied as shown to the end of a cantilever
beam. (a) Replace this system with a single force F applied at point C,
and determine the distance d from C to a line drawn through points D and
E. (b) Solve part a if the directions of the two 360-N forces are reversed.

SOLUTION

(a) (a) Have ΣF : F = ( 360 N ) j − ( 360 N ) j − ( 600 N ) k

or F = − ( 600 N ) k

and ΣM D : ( 360 N )( 0.15 m ) = ( 600 N )( d )

∴ d = 0.09 m

or d = 90.0 mm below ED

(b) Have from part a F = − ( 600 N ) k

(b) and ΣM D : − ( 360 N )( 0.15 m ) = − ( 600 N )( d )

∴ d = 0.09 m

or d = 90.0 mm above ED
 PROBLEM 3.145
A crate of mass 80 kg is held in the position shown. Determine (a) the
moment produced by the weight W of the crate about E, (b) the smallest
force applied at B which creates a moment of equal magnitude and
opposite sense about E.

SOLUTION
(a) By definition ( )
W = mg = 80 kg 9.81 m/s 2 = 784.8 N

Have ΣM E : M E = ( 784.8 N )( 0.25 m )

∴ M E = 196.2 N ⋅ m

(b) For the force at B to be the smallest, resulting in a moment ( M E )

about E, the line of action of force FB must be perpendicular to the
line connecting E to B. The sense of FB must be such that the force
produces a counterclockwise moment about E.

Note: d = ( 0.85 m )2 + ( 0.5 m )2 = 0.98615 m

Have ΣM E : 196.2 N ⋅ m = FB ( 0.98615 m )

∴ FB = 198.954 N

 0.85 m 
and θ = tan −1   = 59.534°
 0.5 m 

or FB = 199.0 N 59.5°
 PROBLEM 3.146
A crate of mass 80 kg is held in the position shown. Determine (a) the
moment produced by the weight W of the crate about E, (b) the smallest
force applied at A which creates a moment of equal magnitude and
opposite sense about E, (c) the magnitude, sense, and point of application
on the bottom of the crate of the smallest vertical force which creates a
moment of equal magnitude and opposite sense about E.

SOLUTION
(a) By definition ( )
W = mg = 80 kg 9.81 m/s 2 = 784.8 N

Have ΣM E : M E = ( 784.8 N )( 0.25 m )

∴ M E = 196.2 N ⋅ m

(b) For the force at A to be the smallest, resulting in a moment about E,

the line of action of force FA must be perpendicular to the line
connecting E to A. The sense of FA must be such that the force
produces a counterclockwise moment about E.

Note: d = ( 0.35 m )2 + ( 0.5 m )2 = 0.61033 m

Have ΣM E : 196.2 N ⋅ m = FA ( 0.61033 m )

∴ FA = 321.47 N

 0.35 m 
and θ = tan −1   = 34.992°
 0.5 m 

or FA = 321 N 35.0°
(c) The smallest force acting on the bottom of the crate resulting in a
moment about E will be located at the point on the bottom of the
crate farthest from E and acting perpendicular to line CED. The
sense of the force will be such as to produce a counterclockwise
moment about E. A force acting vertically upward at D satisfies
these conditions.
PROBLEM 3.146 CONTINUED

Have ΣM E : M E = rD/E × FD

(196.2 N ⋅ m ) k = ( 0.85 m ) i × ( FD ) j
(196.2 N ⋅ m ) k = ( 0.85FD ) k
∴ FD = 230.82 N

or FD = 231 N
 PROBLEM 3.147
A farmer uses cables and winch pullers B and E to plumb one side of a
small barn. Knowing that the sum of the moments about the x axis of the
forces exerted by the cables on the barn at points A and D is equal to
4728 lb ⋅ ft, determine the magnitude of TDE when TAB = 255 lb.

SOLUTION
The moment about the x-axis due to the two cable forces can be found
using the z-components of each force acting at their intersection with the
xy-plane (A and D). The x-components of the forces are parallel to the x-
axis, and the y-components of the forces intersect the x-axis. Therefore,
neither the x or y components produce a moment about the x-axis.

Have ΣM x : (TAB ) z ( y A ) + (TDE ) z ( yD ) = M x

where (TAB ) z = k ⋅ TAB = k ⋅ (TABλ AB )

  −i − 12 j + 12k  
= k ⋅  255 lb    = 180 lb
  17 

(TDE ) z = k ⋅ TDE = k ⋅ (TDE λ DE )

  1.5i − 14 j + 12k  
= k ⋅ TDE    = 0.64865TDE
  18.5 

y A = 12 ft

yD = 14 ft

M x = 4728 lb ⋅ ft

∴ (180 lb )(12 ft ) + ( 0.64865TDE )(14 ft ) = 4728 lb ⋅ ft

and TDE = 282.79 lb

or TDE = 283 lb
 PROBLEM 3.148
Solve Problem 3.147 when the tension in cable AB is 306 lb.
Problem 3.147: A farmer uses cables and winch pullers B and E to
plumb one side of a small barn. Knowing that the sum of the moments
about the x axis of the forces exerted by the cables on the barn at points A
and D is equal to 4728 lb ⋅ ft, determine the magnitude of TDE when
TAB = 255 lb.

SOLUTION
The moment about the x-axis due to the two cable forces can be found
using the z components of each force acting at the intersection with the xy
plane (A and D). The x components of the forces are parallel to the x axis,
and the y components of the forces intersect the x axis. Therefore, neither
the x or y components produce a moment about the x axis.

Have ΣM x : (TAB ) z ( y A ) + (TDE ) z ( yD ) = M x

where (TAB ) z = k ⋅ TAB = k ⋅ (TABλ AB )

  −i − 12 j + 12k  
= k ⋅ 306 lb    = 216 lb
  17 

(TDE ) z = k ⋅ TDE = k ⋅ (TDE λ DE )

  1.5i − 14 j + 12k  
= k ⋅ TDE    = 0.64865TDE
  18.5 

y A = 12 ft

yD = 14 ft

M x = 4728 lb ⋅ ft

∴ ( 216 lb )(12 ft ) + ( 0.64865TDE )(14 ft ) = 4728 lb ⋅ ft

and TDE = 235.21 lb

or TDE = 235 lb
 PROBLEM 3.149
As an adjustable brace BC is used to bring a wall into plumb, the force-
couple system shown is exerted on the wall. Replace this force-couple
system with an equivalent force-couple system at A knowing that
R = 21.2 lb and M = 13.25 lb ⋅ ft.

SOLUTION
Have ΣF : R = R A = Rλ BC

where λ BC =
( 42 in.) i − ( 96 in.) j − (16 in.) k
106 in.

21.2 lb
∴ RA = ( 42i − 96 j − 16k )
106

or R A = ( 8.40 lb ) i − (19.20 lb ) j − ( 3.20 lb ) k

Have ΣM A : rC/ A × R + M = M A

1
where rC/ A = ( 42 in.) i + ( 48 in.) k = ( 42i + 48k ) ft
12

= ( 3.5 ft ) i + ( 4.0 ft ) k

R = ( 8.40 lb ) i − (19.20 lb ) j − ( 3.20 lb ) k

M = −λ BC M

−42i + 96 j + 16k
= (13.25 lb ⋅ ft )
106

= − ( 5.25 lb ⋅ ft ) i + (12 lb ⋅ ft ) j + ( 2 lb ⋅ ft ) k
PROBLEM 3.149 CONTINUED

i j k
Then 3.5 0 4.0 lb ⋅ ft + ( −5.25i + 12 j + 2k ) lb ⋅ ft = M A
8.40 −19.20 −3.20

∴ M A = ( 71.55 lb ⋅ ft ) i + ( 56.80 lb ⋅ ft ) j − ( 65.20 lb ⋅ ft ) k

or M A = ( 71.6 lb ⋅ ft ) i + ( 56.8 lb ⋅ ft ) j − ( 65.2 lb ⋅ ft ) k

 PROBLEM 3.150
Two parallel 60-N forces are applied to a lever as shown. Determine the
moment of the couple formed by the two forces (a) by resolving each
force into horizontal and vertical components and adding the moments of
the two resulting couples, (b) by using the perpendicular distance
between the two forces, (c) by summing the moments of the two forces
about point A.

SOLUTION

(a) Have ΣM B : − d1Cx + d 2C y = M

where d1 = ( 0.360 m ) sin 55° = 0.29489 m

d 2 = ( 0.360 m ) cos 55° = 0.20649 m

Cx = ( 60 N ) cos 20° = 56.382 N

C y = ( 60 N ) sin 20° = 20.521 N

∴ M = − ( 0.29489 m )( 56.382 N ) k + ( 0.20649 m )( 20.521 N ) k = − (12.3893 N ⋅ m ) k

or M = 12.39 N ⋅ m

(b) Have M = Fd ( −k ) = 60 N ( 0.360 m ) sin ( 55° − 20° )  ( −k )

= − (12.3893 N ⋅ m ) k

or M = 12.39 N ⋅ m
 PROBLEM 3.150 CONTINUED

(c) Have ΣM A : Σ ( rA × F ) = rB/ A × FB + rC/ A × FC = M

i j k i j k
∴ M = ( 0.520 m )( 60 N ) cos 55° sin 55° 0 + ( 0.880 m )( 60 N ) cos 55° sin 55° 0
− cos 20° − sin 20° 0 cos 20° sin 20° 0

= (17.8956 N ⋅ m − 30.285 N ⋅ m ) k = − (12.3892 N ⋅ m ) k

or M = 12.39 N ⋅ m