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3.
Flame Test: Glass rod is dipped in the compound and subjected to flame
4.
Unsaturated Saturated
Saturated
C C
(Clear)
(Vicinal Dibromide)
OHOH
C C
+ KMnO 4
(Purple)
C C
+ MnO 2
(Brown)
(Glycol)
5.
Lassaigne’s Test for Extra Elements: (Nitrogen and Halogens) A small piece of
Sodium metal (Freshly cut) is placed in an ignition tube and the tube
is heated
strongly. Small quantity of the compound (one or two crystals if solid or one or t
wo drops if liquid) is added and the tube heated strongly. The red hot
tube is plunged into 10.0ml of distilled water contained in a mortar
and is crushed with pestle and the solution filtered. The filterate
is called Sodium Fusion Extract. S. No. Experiment Observation Inference
a) Test for Nitrogen: (in the form of NaCN in the Extract)
To small quantity of the extract If the colour of the solution after
few crystals of Mohr’s salt are adding dil H2SO4 is intense blue
Nitrogen Present (Prussian Blue) added and boiled. To this solution dil H2SO4
is added to get clear solution
2Na+S®Na2S
Pb(CH3COO)2 + Na2S ® PbS + 2 CH3COONa
(ALL THE ABOVE TEST ARE COMPULSORY FOR ANY GIVEN COMPOUND)
Inference
Carbohydrate present
Carbohydrate present
Reducing sugar
R H or R' O + H NHN 2 O N 2
b) Tollen’s Test: In a clean test tube 23 ml of AgNO3 solution is taken and 23
drops of NaOH soln. added. To this dil. Ammonia added drop
by drop until the precipitated silver oxide is almost
redissolved, then few drops of A silver mirror is formed the compound added the
mixture is gently warmed on a water bath with vigorous shaking from time to time
NO 2
R NHN H or R' O N 2 NO 2
Observation
Inference
10
REPORT: The given Compound is: Neutral/ Acidic/ Basic Aromatic/ Aliphatic
Saturated/ Unsaturated Extra Element/s Present: Functional group/s Present:
M.P/ B.P
B)
C) D)