DATA PENGAMATAN

 Run 1 (2 L/menit)
t 1 (s) t 2 (s) t i (s) λi (mS)
0 4 2 0,084
4 8 6 0,093
8 12 10 0,110
12 16 14 0,113
16 20 18 0,118
20 24 22 0,147
24 28 26 0,227
28 32 30 0,264
32 36 34 0,224
36 40 38 0,163
40 44 42 0,154
44 48 46 0,137
48 52 50 0,127
52 56 54 0,125
56 60 58 0,127
60 64 62 0,089
64 68 66 0,122
68 72 70 0,119

 Run 2 (3 L/menit)
t 1 (s) t 2 (s) t i (s) λi (mS)
0 4 2 0,072
4 8 6 0,115
8 12 10 0,119
12 16 14 0,192
16 20 18 0,265
20 24 22 0,270
24 28 26 0,143
 28 32 30 0,126
32 36 34 0,125
36 40 38 0,124
40 44 42 0,110
44 48 46 0,098

 Run 3 (4 L/menit)
t 1 (s) t 2 (s) t i (s) λi (mS)
0 4 2 0,110
4 8 6 0,115
8 12 10 0,117
12 16 14 0,285
16 20 18 0,189
20 24 22 0,135
24 28 26 0,125
28 32 30 0,123
32 36 34 0,123

PENGOLAHAN DATA

Diketahui :
Diameter dalam pipa : 12,1 mm
Massa jenis air (pada 24,9 ᵒC) : 997,069 kg/m3
Viskositas air (pada 24,9 ᵒC) : 0,8922 x 10-3 kg/m.s
Luas penampang pipa : ¼ x π x D2
= ¼ x 3,14 x (0,0121 m)2
= 1,1493 cm2

Menentukan Bilangan Reynolds

 Run 1
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑎𝑖𝑟
Q = 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑛 𝑤𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑢
415 𝑚𝐿
= 13,66 𝑠𝑒𝑘𝑜𝑛
 = 30,38 ml/s
= 30,38 cm3/s
𝑄
V =𝐴

30,38 𝑐𝑚3 /𝑠
= 1,1493 𝑐𝑚2

= 26,43 cm/s
= 0,2643 m/s
𝐷𝑥𝑣𝑥𝜌
Nre = µ

(12,1 𝑥 10−3 𝑚) 𝑥 (0,2643 𝑚/𝑠) 𝑥 (997,069 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 )

= 𝑘𝑔
0,8922 𝑥 10−3
𝑚.𝑠

= 3573,93 (Transisi)
 Run 2
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑎𝑖𝑟
Q = 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑛 𝑤𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑢
410 𝑚𝐿
= 8,82 𝑠𝑒𝑘𝑜𝑛

= 46,49 ml/s
= 46,49 cm3/s
𝑄
V =𝐴

46,49 𝑐𝑚3 /𝑠
= 1,1493 𝑐𝑚2

= 40,62 cm/s
= 0,4062 m/s
𝐷𝑥𝑣𝑥𝜌
Nre = µ

(12,1 𝑥 10−3 𝑚) 𝑥 (0,4062 𝑚/𝑠) 𝑥 (997,069 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 )

= 𝑘𝑔
0,8922 𝑥 10−3
𝑚.𝑠

= 5492,73 (Turbulen)
 Run 3
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑎𝑖𝑟
Q = 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑛 𝑤𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑢
385 𝑚𝐿
= 6,10 𝑠𝑒𝑘𝑜𝑛

= 63,11 ml/s
= 63,11 cm3/s
 𝑄
V =𝐴

63,11 𝑐𝑚3 /𝑠
= 1,1493 𝑐𝑚2

= 54,91 cm/s
= 0,5491 m/s
𝐷𝑥𝑣𝑥𝜌
Nre = µ

(12,1 𝑥 10−3 𝑚) 𝑥 (0,5491 𝑚/𝑠) 𝑥 (997,069 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 )

= 𝑘𝑔
0,8922 𝑥 10−3
𝑚.𝑠

= 7425,06 (Turbulen)

Menentukan Nilai RTD (τ), Variansi (σ2), dan Dispersion Number (ND)
 Run 1
t1 (s) t2 (s) ti (s) λi (mS) ∆t (s) ti x λi x ∆t λi x ∆t ti2 x λi x ∆t
0 4 2 0,084 4 0,672 0,336 1,344
4 8 6 0,093 4 2,232 0,372 13,392
8 12 10 0,11 4 4,4 0,44 44
12 16 14 0,113 4 6,328 0,452 88,592
16 20 18 0,118 4 8,496 0,472 152,928
20 24 22 0,147 4 12,936 0,588 284,592
24 28 26 0,227 4 23,608 0,908 613,808
28 32 30 0,264 4 31,68 1,056 950,4
32 36 34 0,224 4 30,464 0,896 1035,776
36 40 38 0,163 4 24,776 0,652 941,488
40 44 42 0,154 4 25,872 0,616 1086,624
44 48 46 0,137 4 25,208 0,548 1159,568
48 52 50 0,127 4 25,4 0,508 1270
52 56 54 0,125 4 27 0,5 1458
56 60 58 0,127 4 29,464 0,508 1708,912
60 64 62 0,089 4 22,072 0,356 1368,464
64 68 66 0,122 4 32,208 0,488 2125,728
68 72 70 0,119 4 33,32 0,476 2332,4
Total 366,136 10,172 16636,02
 ∑ 𝑡𝑖 𝑥 λi x ∆t
τ = ∑ λi x ∆t

366,136
= 10,172

= 35,995
∑ 𝑡𝑖 2 𝑥 𝜆𝑖 𝑥 ∆𝑡
σ2 = ∑ 𝜆𝑖 𝑥 ∆𝑡
– τ2
16636,02
= – (35,995)2
10,172

= 339,832
σ2
ND =
2 𝑥 τ2
339,832
= 2 𝑥 (35,995)2

= 0,1311

 Run 2
t1 (s) t2 (s) ti (s) λi (mS) ∆t (s) ti x λi x ∆t λi x ∆t ti2 x λi x ∆t
0 4 2 0,072 4 0,576 0,288 1,152
4 8 6 0,115 4 2,76 0,46 16,56
8 12 10 0,119 4 4,76 0,476 47,6
12 16 14 0,192 4 10,752 0,768 150,528
16 20 18 0,265 4 19,08 1,06 343,44
20 24 22 0,27 4 23,76 1,08 522,72
24 28 26 0,143 4 14,872 0,572 386,672
28 32 30 0,126 4 15,12 0,504 453,6
32 36 34 0,125 4 17 0,5 578
36 40 38 0,124 4 18,848 0,496 716,224
40 44 42 0,11 4 18,48 0,44 776,16
44 48 46 0,098 4 18,032 0,392 829,472
Total 164,04 7,036 4822,128

∑ 𝑡𝑖 𝑥 λi x ∆t
τ = ∑ λi x ∆t

164,04
= 7,036

= 23,314
 ∑ 𝑡𝑖 2 𝑥 𝜆𝑖 𝑥 ∆𝑡
σ2 = ∑ 𝜆𝑖 𝑥 ∆𝑡
– τ2
4822,128
= – (23,314)2
7,036

= 141,808
σ2
ND = 2 𝑥 τ2
141,808
= 2 𝑥 (23,314)2

= 0,1304

 Run 3
t1 (s) t2 (s) ti (s) λi (mS) ∆t (s) ti x λi x ∆t λi x ∆t ti2 x λi x ∆t
0 4 2 0,11 4 0,88 0,44 1,76
4 8 6 0,115 4 2,76 0,46 16,56
8 12 10 0,117 4 4,68 0,468 46,8
12 16 14 0,285 4 15,96 1,14 223,44
16 20 18 0,189 4 13,608 0,756 244,944
20 24 22 0,135 4 11,88 0,54 261,36
24 28 26 0,125 4 13 0,5 338
28 32 30 0,123 4 14,76 0,492 442,8
32 36 34 0,123 4 16,728 0,492 568,752
Total 94,256 5,288 2144,416
∑ 𝑡𝑖 𝑥 λi x ∆t
τ = ∑ λi x ∆t

94,256
= 5,288

= 17,825
∑ 𝑡𝑖 2 𝑥 𝜆𝑖 𝑥 ∆𝑡
σ2 = ∑ 𝜆𝑖 𝑥 ∆𝑡
– τ2
2144,416
= – (17,825)2
5,288

= 87,794
σ2
ND = 2 𝑥 τ2
87,794
= 2 𝑥 (17,825)2

= 0,1382
Kurva Hubungan Konduktivitas dan Waktu

 Run 1

Kurva Konduktivitas vs Waktu

(Run 1)
0.3

0.25
Konduktivitas (mS)

0.2

0.15

0.1

0.05

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Waktu(s)

 Run 2

Kurva Konduktivitas vs Waktu

(Run 2)
0.3

0.25
Konduktivitas (mS)

0.2

0.15

0.1

0.05

0
0 10 20 30 40 50
Waktu (s)
  Run 3

Kurva Konduktivitas vs Waktu

(Run 3)
0.3

0.25
Konduktivitas (mS)

0.2

0.15

0.1

0.05

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Waktu (s)

Run Laju Alir Bilangan Rezim RTD (τ) Variansi Dispersion

Hasil Reynold Aliran (σ2) Number
Kalibrasi (Nre) (ND)
(cm3/s)
1 30,38 3573,93 Transisi 35,995 339,832 0,1311
2 46,49 5492,73 Turbulen 23,314 141,808 0,1304
3 63,11 7425,06 Turbulen 17,825 87,794 0,1382
4
5
6