Professional Documents
Culture Documents
© John Crane
Programme Overview
© John Crane
John Crane Introduction
© John Crane
Smiths Group plc
© John Crane
A Global Leader
For over 80 years John Crane has had a passion for innovation
© John Crane
Organisation
Latin
America Asia Pacific
Sales £500M
Sao Paulo
Sydney
Victoria
© John Crane
John Crane Korea
Profile
Established in 1988
Headquarter in Seoul
© John Crane
Head Office in Seoul
© John Crane
John Crane Facility in Busan
© John Crane
Workshop in Busan
© John Crane
Sales Offices
Sales in Busan
Sales in Yosu
© John Crane
Value Added Solutions
© John Crane
Dry Gas Seal Application
Turbo-Machinery
© John Crane
Dry Gas Seal Applications
Extraction & Production Refineries
Offshore Catalytic Reformer
Onshore Hydrotreater
Hydrocracker
Fluid Catalytic Cracker
GTL
Petrochemical Plants
Ethylene
Methanol
Gas Gathering &
Butyl Polymers
Transmission
Gas Treatment
Organic Chemicals
Gas Storage
Ammonia
Pipeline
Urea
LNG
Acetyls
GTL
Nitric Acid
© John Crane
Non-Contacting Seal Products
Type 28LD
Mixers CK728/738
Type 28EXP Blowers
Type 5280
Type 28XP
Type 28GP
Type 28ST
Type 28AT
© John Crane
Turbomachinery Product
Compressors
© John Crane
Dry Gas Seal Applications
A between bearings
compressor normally
contains two Type 28
gas seals
© John Crane
Gas Seals in a Compressor
Compressor
© John Crane
Typical Compressor
Man-Turbo Compressor
© John Crane
Typical Compressor
Diaphragm Bundle
© John Crane
Compressor Train – Nuovo Pignone
© John Crane
Compressor Train - MHI
© John Crane
DGS Benefits
- Eliminate contamination
© John Crane
Brief History of
Dry Gas Seals
© John Crane
Once Upon a Time ...
© John Crane
Gas Seal Performance Progress
450
400 em
d d
ua n
&
350 P Q Ta
C) te
X P
D ani
EX
r
Pressure (Bar)
(C
300 i ple
r
A
X PT
250
200
a ndem
X PT
150 ple
r i
A TT
100 em
nd
50 Ta
AT
0
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
© John Crane
Type 28 Gas Seal Experience
© John Crane
Manufacturing Sites - Dry Gas Seals
JC UK, Slough
JC Inc, Chicago
JC Japan, Ritto
JC Norway
JC Russia
JC Tianjin
JC Saudi Arabia
JC Singapore
JC Brazil
© John Crane
Operating Principles
UNIDIRECTIONAL BIDIRECTIONAL
SPIRAL GROOVE SPIRAL GROOVE
© John Crane
Spiral Groove Dry Gas Seals
Features
• Non-contacting faces
© John Crane
Type 28 Principles of Operation
Primary Ring
Spiral Groove
© John Crane
Spiral Groove Sealing Surface
spiral
groove
Inner
groove
diameter
Sealing
dam
Opposing outer
face inner diameter
diameter
© John Crane
Spiral Groove Pattern
Direction of Rotation
Gas is pumped
inwards by
rotating spiral
grooves
Mating Ring
© John Crane
Hydrodynamic Lift Optimisation -
Spiral Groove
Pressure
Groove
a c e OD
Groove F
Face Groove
Profile Groove
tio n
a
R ot
© John Crane
Spiral Groove Geometry
© John Crane
Grooves for Dry Gas Seals
Rotating Seat
with Recessed Spring Loaded
Grooves of Carbon Face
Micrometers Depth
© John Crane
Dry Gas Seal Technology
© John Crane
Bi-Directional Groove Pattern
© John Crane
Why Use Grooves?
© John Crane
Spiral Groove Comparisons
SPIRAL GROOVE
UNI-DIRECTIONAL BI-DIRECTIONAL
SPIRAL GROOVE SPIRAL GROOVE
© John Crane
Spiral Groove Dry Gas Seals
© John Crane
Spiral Groove Principles
Compression
Expansion
Spring Load
and Hydrostatics
© John Crane
Sealing Interface (Reduced Gap)
Increased
Closing Force Opening Force
© John Crane
Sealing Interface (Normal Gap)
Compression
Expansion
Spring Load
and Hydrostatics
© John Crane
Sealing Interface (Increased Gap)
Reduced
Closing Force Opening Force
© John Crane
Sealing Interface (Normal Gap)
Compression
Expansion
Spring Load
and Hydrostatics
© John Crane
John Crane – World Leader in Dry Gas Seal Technology
© John Crane
T-28 Dry Gas Seal
Design Future
© John Crane
Type 28AT Design Features
Shrouded drive ring to contain Mating ring positively driven
rotating mating ring on outside diameter
Tolerance Strips
© John Crane
Centring Devices
Canted Coil
Standard
Tolerance
Strip
Finger Spring
© John Crane
Type 28AT Design Features
Compliant balanced stationary carbon Logarithmic spiral or
primary ring design providing maximum bi-directional
flexibility grooves
© John Crane
DGS Applications
© John Crane
DGS Application Range
© John Crane
Type 28 AT for duties up to 82 bar*
Explosive decompression
at High Pressure! Elastomeric ‘O’ Ring
Chemical Attack! Secondary seal *some specific
designs to 120 bar
© John Crane
Seal Configuration & Operation
Gas Seals
© John Crane
Type 28AT Single Seal
© John Crane
Type 28AT Single Seal
Maximum
Dynamic
Pressure:
82 bar g
© John Crane
Type 28AT Tandem Seal
Flammable gases
Hazardous gases
© John Crane
Type 28AT Tandem + Labyrinth
Bearings
© John Crane
Type 28AT Tandem Seal Cartridge
Bearing Proces
s Gas
© John Crane
Tandem with Labyrinth
© John Crane
Tandem Type 28AT with Intermediate Labyrinth
© John Crane
Tandem with Labyrinth + Type 82
N2 Buffer (2) Secondary N2 Buffer (1) Primary Vent Filtered Process Gas
Vent
Bearings Process
Gas
© John Crane
Type 28AT / 82 - Double Seal
N2 Barrier at 2 bar above
N2 Buffer Vent process pressure
Bearings
© John Crane
Type 82 Barrier Seal
© John Crane
Improved Product - Type 83 Barrier Seal
Wave Spring
Garter Spring
Carbon Segments
© John Crane
Basic System
© John Crane
Control & Monitoring System
of
Dry Gas Seals
© John Crane
Control and Monitoring System
© John Crane
Typical Nuovo Pignone Panel
© John Crane
Control and Monitoring System
© John Crane
Key System Functions
Control Measure
Measure
Bearing
© John Crane
28XP Tandem Seal with Intermediate
Labyrinth Gas Seal Flow Diagram
FILTERED
SEPARATION N2 PURGE SEAL
GAS GAS GAS
SECONDARY PRIMARY
LEAKAGE LEAKAGE
BEARING CAVITY
PROCESS CAVITY
© John Crane
DGS Control System
Tandem Seal with Intermediate Labyrinth
I/P
PI PDIT PDIT
FIL. 2
SECONDARY SECONDARY
LEAKAGE LEAKAGE
PDIT FE FE PDIT
COMPR.
DISCH
PRIMARY PRIMARY
LEAKAGE LEAKAGE
© John Crane
Gas Seal Support Systems
© John Crane
DGS Control System - Seal Gas Supply
EXTERNAL
GAS
FILTER
MODULE
PROCESS
GAS
Process Gas
© John Crane
DGS Control System - Filtration
EXTERNAL
GAS
PROCESS
GAS
FI FI
Process Gas
© John Crane
DGS Control System - Primary Vent
EXTERNAL
GAS
PROCESS
GAS
FI FI
Process
Gas to
Flare
PI PI
FO FO
FI FI
FLARE
Process Gas
© John Crane
DGS Control System – Buffer Gas (Nitrogen)
Injection
EXTERNAL
Filtered N2 Buffer Gas N2 SECONDARY
GAS FILTER MODULE
PCV
FILTER Filtered Process Gas
MODULE
PROCESS
GAS
FI FI FI FI
Process
Gas to
Flare
PI PI
FO FO
FI FI
FLARE
Process Gas
© John Crane
DGS Control System - Nitrogen Injection
PROCESS FO FO
GAS
FI FI FI FI
Process
Gas to
Flare
PI PI
FO FO
FI FI
FLARE
Process Gas
© John Crane
DGS Control System - Secondary Vent
EXTERNAL
Filtered N2 Secondary Gas N2 SECONDARY
GAS FILTER MODULE
PCV
FILTER Filtered Process Gas
MODULE
PROCESS FO FO
GAS
FI FI FI FI
Process
Gas to
Flare
PI PI
FO FO
FI FI
FLARE VENT
Process Gas
N2 to Atmosphere
© John Crane
Basic System
1. Basic System
Primary Seal / Buffer Gas Supply
Primary Seal Gas Leakage
Secondary Seal Buffer Gas supply
Secondary Seal Leakage
Separation / Barrier Gas Supply
© John Crane
Basic System
System Functions
• Provide clean seal gas
(during normal operation)
• Monitor Dry Gas Seal
Performance (leakage flow /
pressure & separation
Seal / Buffer Gas Seal Leakage Secondary Seal Separation
seal pressure / flow) Supply Module Monitoring Module Buffer Gas Module Gas Module
Functional Details
Primary Seal / Buffer Gas Supply Module
• Pressure / Flow Control
• Filter – Particulate or Coalescing Filter
Primary Seal Leakage Monitoring Module
• Monitors primary seal leakage and initiates alarm / shutdown
Secondary Seal Buffer Gas Supply Module (option)
• Supplies a flow of clean dry nitrogen to the outboard seal
Secondary Seal Leakage Monitoring Module
• Monitors secondary seal leakage and initiates alarm / shutdown
Separation Gas Module
• Supplies a flow of clean dry nitrogen to the Separation Seal
(barrier seal)
• Monitors pressure or flow to the Separation Seal – Initiates Alarm
if it is low
© John Crane
Basic
Primary Seal / Buffer Gas Supply Module
To Seal
To Seal
Flow Meter
PDCV
Inlet
© John Crane
Primary Seal Leakage Monitoring Module
To Flare
Pressure
Transmitter
Flow Meter
From Seal
Leakage Block
with Orifice
© John Crane
Secondary Seal Buffer Gas Supply Module
To Seal
Flow Meter
Inlet
© John Crane
Separation Gas Supply Module
To Barrier Seal
Orifice Union
Pressure Regulator
© John Crane
John Crane Dry Seal Control System INOVIT
© John Crane