Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral

FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA MARÍTIMA, CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS, OCEÁNICAS Y

RECURSOS NATURALES.

Design I

Preliminary design of a roll on and roll of ship of 2000 DWT

Booklet # 0: Explanatory memory

Authors:

 Rosa Genesis Desiderio Arriaga

 Andres Javier Lopez Peñafiel

Advisor:

 Johnny Domínguez R. , Msc. Naval Eng

Sponsor:

Subsecretaria de Puertos y Transporte Marítimo y Fluvial

 ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITECNICA DEL LITORAL
DESIGN I
PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF A ROLL ON ROLL OFF SHIP OF 2000 DWT
BOOKLET # 0: EXPLANATORY MEMORY

Content
1. Introduction [Rosita] ....................................................................................................................... 2
2. General objetives ............................................................................................................................ 2
3. Specific Objetives [Andres] ............................................................................................................ 2
4. Project Specifications [Rosita] ........................................................................................................ 2
5. Innovation [Rosita] ......................................................................................................................... 3
6. Environmental impact [Andres] ...................................................................................................... 4
7. Requirements owner [Rosita-Andres] ............................................................................................. 4
4.1 Resume table with requirements of the ship-owner .................................................................... 4
4.2 Speed [Rosita] ............................................................................................................................. 6
4.3 Depth operation ........................................................................................................................... 6
4.4 Passenger capacity ...................................................................................................................... 7
4.5 Fresh water capacity [Andres] .................................................................................................... 7
4.6 Food capacity .............................................................................................................................. 7
4.7 Water conditions [Rosita] ........................................................................................................... 7
4.8 Referential Budget ...................................................................................................................... 9
4.9 Type of cargo [Andres] ............................................................................................................... 9
8. Software used in this project ......................................................................................................... 10
9. Conclusions ................................................................................................................................... 10
10. Recommendation ...................................................................................................................... 10
References ............................................................................................................................................. 10

Softwares
*Autocad 2016 *SAP 2000 * Rhinoceros 5 *Pipe flow * Maxsurf *MPP *PPP *Navcad

Classification societies – IACS

Internacional Maritime Conventions

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 ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITECNICA DEL LITORAL
DESIGN I
PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF A ROLL ON ROLL OFF SHIP OF 2000 DWT
BOOKLET # 0: EXPLANATORY MEMORY

1. Introduction [Rosita]

Due to the construction of the new deep-water port in Posorja, born of the need to create a Roll on Roll
off vessel type Feeder, which will service ro-ro cargo supply containers of 40 [ft]74
from the port of Posorja toward Guayaquil - Manta.

The vessel will have a capacity of 2000 [t], which will carry containerized ro-ro cargo, which will
facilitate the process of stowage of the load, eliminating the intermediate manipulations of the cargo.
Great care must be taken in the analysis of stability of the vessel, because this type of vessels do not
have longitudinal and transversal bulkheads in the area of stowage area.

Diesel electric propulsion is integrated by a system composed by generators, alternators, transformers,

bank of batteries, engines and controllable-pitch propeller [CPP]. One of the advantages of this type of
system is the reduction of CO2 emissions, which will diminishing the environmental impact of the
vessel.

2. Objectives

The objectives for this booklets are:

2.1General objetives

 Determine the owner requirements.

2.2Specific Objetives [Andres]

 Indicate the ranges of the owner's requirements.

 Describe the propulsion system to be used.
 Describe the effects of the environmental impact on the use of the project.
 Indicate what programs we will use in the development of the project

3. Project Specifications [Rosita]

Type of vessel: Diesel electric Roll on Roll off

Classification: Det Norske Veritas - Germanischer Lloyd

Autonomy/Capacity: 1104 Nautical miles, 26 containers of 40 [Ft]

Regulations: Solas, Marpol, Load Line Convention

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 ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITECNICA DEL LITORAL
DESIGN I
PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF A ROLL ON ROLL OFF SHIP OF 2000 DWT
BOOKLET # 0: EXPLANATORY MEMORY

4. Innovation [Rosita]
Our proposal of innovation is to change the system of conventional diesel propulsion by
the electric diesel system, thus reducing fuel consumption, in the Ecuador there are no
vessels with this type of diesel-electric system. We aspire to contribute in the labor and
environmental
This system will consist of diesel engines, which will supply the mechanical energy and
then be transformed into electric energy, power generators, gearbox and variable pitch
propellers (CPP).
Exist different profiles of diesel – electric driven vessels, the design of a diesel – electric
propulsion plant differs a lot and has to be evaluated case by case.
In the next, it’s analyze the possible diesel – electric system that we used.

Illustration 1.-Diesel - electric propulsion Man Catalog.

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 ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITECNICA DEL LITORAL
DESIGN I
PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF A ROLL ON ROLL OFF SHIP OF 2000 DWT
BOOKLET # 0: EXPLANATORY MEMORY

Table 1.-Components of the diesel - electric propulsion.

1 Genset
2 Main switchboards
Supply transformer optional): Dependent on the type of the converter. Not needed
3 in cause of the use of frequency converters with 6 pulses, an active front end or a
sinusoidal drive
4 Frequency converters
5 Electric propulsion motors
6 Gearboxes(optional): Depend on the speed of the propulsion motor
7 Propellers

0
5. Environmental impact [Andres]
Research shows that diesel fuel causes 4 times more pollution than other petroleum
products, emitting much higher levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and suspended particles,
two of the main air pollutants. By using these types of systems, we are helping care of the
air and the environment.
Lower fuel consumption and emissions due to the possibility to optimize the loading of
diesel genset. The genset in operation can run on high loads with high efficiency. This
applies especially to vessels, which have a large variation in power demand.

6. Requirements owner [Rosita-Andres]

4.1 Resume table with requirements of the ship-owner

Shown below is the requirements of the ship-owner for the design of the Roll on and
Roll off ship.

Main dimensions
Minimum Maximum
1 Lenght [m] 85.00 90.00
Breadth [m] 15.50 16.50
Depth [m] 16.50 17.20
Speed
2 Mínimum Maximum
[Knots] 10.00 13.00
Operational profile
3 Speed
35% time – 11 Knots 65% time – 12.5 Knots
Autonomy
4 Minimum Maximum
[Day] 3 6

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 ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITECNICA DEL LITORAL
DESIGN I
PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF A ROLL ON ROLL OFF SHIP OF 2000 DWT
BOOKLET # 0: EXPLANATORY MEMORY

Expected power generation

Minimum Maximum
5
3 Generators diesel 1600 Kwe 3 Generators diesel 1800 Kwe
1 Generator diesel 800 Kwe 2 Generators diesel 600 Kwe
Stability

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Analyze the first generation criteria

Depth of Operation
[meter] Minimum Maximum
7 Manta 12.00 Open sea
Posorja 15.50 Open sea
Guayaquil 8.00 9.75
Containers Cargo Capacity 40 [Ft]
8 Minimum Maximum
[Units] 23 30
Fresh water capacity
9 Minimum Maximum
[Gallons] 3500 3900
Weather Conditions: Wind, wave height, currents, sea state
10 Minimum Maximum
Wind [knots] 7.00 18.00
Referencial budget
11 Minimum Maximum
[Dollars] 15,000.000 20,000.000
Conditions of navigation equipment: radar, echo sounder and navigator
Minimum Maximum
Magnetic compass 1 2
Gyroscope compass 1 2
Auto pilot 1 2
Compass bearing 1 2
Nautical charts 1 2
Diurnal signal lights 1 2
12
Radio directional finder 1 2
Radar 9 Hz 1 2
Speed meter 1 2
Transmitter of course 1 2
Repeater compass 1 2
Course recorder 1 2
Rudder angle indicator 1 2
Echo sounder 1 2
Load capacity in decks
13 Minimum Maximum
[Container] 11 16
Capacity sewage and grey water
Minimum Maximum
14 3
Gray water[m ] 5.0 7.0
Sewage[m3] 4.0 5.0

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 ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITECNICA DEL LITORAL
DESIGN I
PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF A ROLL ON ROLL OFF SHIP OF 2000 DWT
BOOKLET # 0: EXPLANATORY MEMORY

Type cargo
Minimum Maximum
15
Mafi tráiler
32.00 36.00
Capacity [Ton]
Security points on decks
Minimum Maximum
Flush Lashpots
16 50 80
Min breaking load[Ton]
Angle between
30ᵒ 60ᵒ
Lashings[grades]
Ramps between ship and shore
17 Minimum Maximum
[Grades] 5ᵒ 8ᵒ
Angle of heel of ship
18 Minimum Maximum
[Grades] 5ᵒ 6ᵒ
Sludge tanks
19 Minimum Maximum
3
[m ] 10 15
Clean Oil tanks
20 Minimum Maximum
3
[m ] 5 10
Used Oil tanks
21 Minimum Maximum
3
[m ] 10 15
Ballast Water Tanks
22 Minimum Maximum
[m3] 240 300

4.2 Speed [Rosita]

To ensure that the vessel is of displacement, [1] has made the following calculation of the
speed entered with the units described below.
𝑣[𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑡𝑠]
1=
√𝐿[𝑓𝑡]

Since it expected a vessel of max 87.6 meters in length, we can obtain the speed that, it
expected so that the ship be of displacement:
𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 16.5 [𝐾𝑛𝑜𝑡𝑠]

4.3 Depth operation

Knowing the ship's route from the Port of Posorja to Guayaquil - the minimum draft of
operation is 9.75[m].

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 ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITECNICA DEL LITORAL
DESIGN I
PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF A ROLL ON ROLL OFF SHIP OF 2000 DWT
BOOKLET # 0: EXPLANATORY MEMORY

4.4 Passenger capacity

According to the calculation of gross tonnage in the subsequent booklets, it was

determined that the minimum number of crew is of 22 people.

4.5 Fresh water capacity [Andres]

According to the information obtained on the web, we have that the consumption of fresh
water from a person ranges between 125 to 200 liters per person per day. Therefore, we
will take 125 liters per person per day, taking an autonomy of 4 days and a crew of 22
people [2].
𝑉 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑠ℎ 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑟𝑦 ∗ 𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑤 ∗ 𝐴𝑢𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑦
𝑉 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑠ℎ 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 200 ∗ 22 ∗ 4
𝑉 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑠ℎ 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 3854.4 [𝐺𝑎𝑙]

4.6 Food capacity

It recommended to 5 kg per person per day [2].

𝐹𝑜𝑜𝑑 = 𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑤 ∗ 𝐴𝑢𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑦 ∗ 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑓𝑜𝑜𝑑 = 22 ∗ 4 ∗ 5
𝒇𝒐𝒐𝒅 = 𝟒𝟒𝟎 [𝒌𝒈]

4.7 Water conditions [Rosita]

According to the information obtained on the web Posorja – Manta – Guayaquil sea
conditions [3], we have the following values:

The wind is 7.0 – 18.0 [knots].

Guayaquil - Posorja Port

Points Wind speed Wind Meeting Current
pressure angle direction
[Knots] [PSI] [Grades] SO
1 7.40 0.185 36° SO
2 8.30 0.233 75° SO
3 8.80 0.262 75° SO
4 9.80 0.325 75° S
5 10.80 0.395 21° S
6 11.50 0.448 19° SO

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 ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITECNICA DEL LITORAL
DESIGN I
PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF A ROLL ON ROLL OFF SHIP OF 2000 DWT
BOOKLET # 0: EXPLANATORY MEMORY

7 11.80 0.471 32° SO

Posorja - Manta Port
Points Wind speed Wind Meeting Current
pressure angle direction
[Knots] [PSI] [Grades]
8 13.10 0.581 9° SO
9 14.20 0.687 109° S
10 15.10 0.772 97° SO
11 16.40 0.911 94° SO
12 16.60 0.933 78° SO
14 17.20 1.002 36° SO
15 17.40 1.025 23° SO
16 16.10 0.948 6° S
17 10.60 0.624 45° SO
Table 2.-Wind speed in the route Manta - Posorja - Guayaquil.

Illustration 1.-Navigation route of the RORO Ship.

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 ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITECNICA DEL LITORAL
DESIGN I
PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF A ROLL ON ROLL OFF SHIP OF 2000 DWT
BOOKLET # 0: EXPLANATORY MEMORY

Illustration 2.-Detailed sea condition for route Posorja – Manta port.

https://forecast.predictwind.com/atlas/#Wind

4.8 Referential Budget

This value calculated from the Booklet Cost (Metal Construction) and it is around 15 to 20
American millon dollars.

4.9 Type of cargo [Andres]

Used to move containers on chassis in the terminals, in this ship to use Mafi Trailer.

Table 3.- Mafi trailer for different capacity.

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 ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITECNICA DEL LITORAL
DESIGN I
PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF A ROLL ON ROLL OFF SHIP OF 2000 DWT
BOOKLET # 0: EXPLANATORY MEMORY

7. Software used in this project

 Autocad
 Rhinoceros 4.0, plug-in Orca 3D
 Hydrocomp, Propexpert
 Maxsurf
 Maneuvering Prediction Program-(mpp1), Michigan University
 Rudder Bureau Veritas
 Special Service Craft, Lloyd’s Register
 Sap 2000

8. Conclusions

 With the development of this project, a ship with diesel electric propulsion, that will
minimizing the environmental impact of the vessel.
 Since it is a displacement vessel, the maximum speed it could reach is 16.5 [Knots].
 The maximum Angle of encounter during the crossing of the ship is 109 degrees.

9. Recommendation

 Analyze the stability criteria recommended by the international maritime organization

[imo].

References

[1] M. Ventura, Estimation Methods for Basic Ship Design, Instituto Superior Tecnico.

[2] R. Alvariño, El Proyecto básico de un buque mercante, Madrid, 1997.

[3] in 2017 Tide Times & Tide charts for the worl, 2017.

[4] OMI, Convenio internacional para la seguridad de la vida humana en el mar, SOLAS, Londres:
Books Limited, 2009.

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