00 EC3 Beam Design PDF

EXAMPLES TO EUROCODE BS EN
Steel Design to EN 1993 Page: 1
NOTHING BEATS A GREAT TEMPLATE
Preface
Content
Interactive design aids for steel elements in accordance to BS EN 1993
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Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Contents
Preface 1
Contents 2
Chapter 1: Beams 3
Beam deflection 3
Beam deflection (Central point load) 4
Design buckling resistance moment of an unrestrained steel beam 5
Steel beam with central lateral restraint 6
Buckling resistance of a steel beam 8
Laterally restrained steel floor beam 10
Resistance to transverse forces at an end bearing 11
Shear capacity of a beam 13
Shear capacity of a beam (Central point load) 14
Chapter 2: Columns 15
Design compression resistance of a column 15
Column with moment from eccentric load 16
Stanchion baseplate 18
Chapter 3: Section Properties 19

Classifications of cross-section 19

Chapter 1: Beams
Beam deflection
UDL
Šˆˆˆˆˆˆˆˆˆˆˆˆˆ‰
#!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
„ •
Å L Å
ÆÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÆ
Dimensions
Beam span L = 5.00 m
Slab span s = 4.00 m
Slab thickness h = 200.00 mm
Properties
Serial size: SEL("EC3_BS/"type; ID; ) = 305x165x54
2nd moment of area Iy = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; Iy; ID=size) = 11700.00 cm4
Loads on steel beam

Imposed load on slabs Qk = 5.00 kN/m²
Slab: h * s * L * 25 = 0.20* 4.00* 5.00* 25 = 100.00 kN

Screed: s * L * 1.2 = 4.00* 5.00* 1.2 = 24.00 kN
Steel beam: TAB("EC3_BS/"type; m; ID=size) * L / 100 = 2.70 kN
Gk = 126.70 kN
Imposed load Qk = Qk * s * L = 5.00 * 4.00 * 5.00 = 100.00 kN
Deflection under dead load

3 3 3 3
5 * Gk * L * 10 5 * 126.70 * 5000 * 10
wD = = = 8.4 mm
4 4
384* E * Iy * 10 384* 210000 * 11700.00 * 10
Deflection under imposed load

3 3 3 3
5 * Qk * L * 10 5 * 100.00 * 5000 * 10
wI = = = 6.6 mm
4 4
384* E * Iy * 10 384* 210000 * 11700.00 * 10
Deflection limit
The criteria apply only to deflection under imposed loads. For beams supporting plastered finishes:
L 5000
Deflection limit wmax = = = 13.9 mm
360 360
The beam meets the deflection criteria:
wI
= 0.47 £ 1
wmax

Beam deflection (Central point load)

Central point load P
%
%
$
#!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
„ •
Å L Å
ÆÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÆ
Dimensions an loads
Imposed load on beam Qk = 100.00 kN
Properties
2nd moment of area Iy = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; Iy; ID=size) = 11700.00 cm4
Deflection under imposed load

3 3 3 3
Qk * L * 10 100.00 * 5000 * 10
wI = = = 10.6 mm
4 4
48 * E * Iy * 10 48 * 210000 * 11700.00 * 10
Deflection limit
The criteria apply only to deflection under imposed loads. For beams supporting plastered finishes:
L 5000
Deflection limit wmax = = = 13.9 mm
360 360
The beam meets the deflection criteria:
wI
= 0.76 £ 1
wmax

Design buckling resistance moment of an unrestrained steel beam

b
c
tf
#!!!!!!!!!!!!!" tw
„ •
h hw d
Å L Å
Properties
Adopted serial size: SEL("EC3_BS/"type; ID; ) = 254x146x43
Steel : SEL("EC3_BS/steel"; ID; ) = S275
Depth h = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; h; ID=size) = 259.60 mm
Breadth b = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; b; ID=size) = 147.30 mm
2nd moment of area Iz = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; Iz; ID=size) = 677.00 cm4
Plastic modulus W pl,y = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; W pl,y ; ID=size) = 566.00 cm³
Warping constant Iw = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; Iw ; ID=size) = 0.103 dm6
Torsion constant IT = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; IT ; ID=size) = 23.90 cm4
Calculation of M cr
C1 = TAB("EC3_BS/C"; C1; Sel = Sel ) = 1.00
Ö
2 2
p * E * Iz Iw L * G * IT
Mcr = C1 * * + = 125.13 kNm
2 Iz 2
L p * E * Iz
Calculation of the design buckling resistance moment Mb,Rd
Ö Ö
fy * W pl,y 275.00 * 566.00
lLT = = = 1.115 kNm
3 3
Mcr * 10 125.13 * 10
aLT = TAB("EC3_BS/alpha"; aLT; Type=type; Limit>h/b) = 0.34

lLT,0 = 0.40
b= 0.75
FLT = 0.5 * (1 + aLT * (lLT - lLT,0) + b * lLT2) = 1.088
1 1
cLT = MIN( ; 1.00 ; ) = 0.629
ÖF
2 2 2
FLT + - b * lLT lLT
LT
f= MIN( 1 - 0.5 * 1 -
( Ö C1
1
)(
* 1 - 2.0 * ( l - 0.8 )
LT
2
) ; 1.0) = 1.000
cLT 1
cLT,mod = MIN( ; ; 1.0) = 0.629
f 2
lLT
cLT,mod * fy * W pl,y 0.629 * 275.00 * 566.00
Mb,Rd = = = 97.90 kNm
10³ 10³

Steel beam with central lateral restraint
b
c
ULS load P tf
%
%
$
#!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!" tw
„ •
h hw d
Å L Å L Å
ÆÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÆÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÆ
Loads and lengths

Single central point load Pd = 100.00 kN
Span Lspan = 6000.00 mm
Effiective unstrained length L = 3000.00 mm
P d * Lspan 100.00 * 6.00

MEd = = = 150.00 kNm
4 4
Properties

Calculation of M cr
Ö
2 2
Mcr = C1 * * + = 793.39 kNm
2 Iz 2
L p * E * Iz
Ö Ö
fy * W pl,y 275.00 * 846.00
lLT = = = 0.542
3 3
Mcr * 10 793.39 * 10

lLT,0 = 0.40
b= 0.75
1 1
cLT = MIN( ; 1.00 ; ) = 0.943
ÖF
2 2 2
FLT + - b * lLT lLT
LT

f= MIN( 1 - 0.5 * 1 -
( 1
Ö C1 )(
* 1 - 2.0 * ( l - 0.8 )
LT
2
) ; 1.0) = 0.892
cLT 1
cLT,mod = MIN( ; ; 1.0) = 1.000
f 2
lLT
cLT,mod * fy * W pl,y 1.000 * 275.00 * 846.00
Mb,Rd = = = 232.65 kNm
10³ 10³
MEd
= 0.64 £ 1
Mb,Rd

Buckling resistance of a steel beam

b
c
tf
UD load qd
#!!!!!!!!!!!!!" tw
„ •
h hw d
Å L Å
Loads and lengths

UD load for ultimate limit states qd = 15.00 kN/m
Span Lspan = 6000.00 mm
Effiective unstrained length L = Lspan = 6000.00 mm
2 2
qd * Lspan 15.00 * 6.00
MEd = = = 67.50 kNm
8 8
Properties

Calculation of M cr
Ö
2 2
Mcr = C1 * * + = 112.19 kNm
2 Iz 2
L p * E * Iz
Ö Ö
fy * W pl,y 275.00 * 566.00
lLT = = = 1.178
3 3
Mcr * 10 112.19 * 10

lLT,0 = 0.40
b= 0.75
1 1
cLT = MIN( ; 1.00 ; ) = 0.592
ÖF
2 2 2
FLT + - b * lLT lLT
LT

f= MIN( 1 - 0.5 * 1 -
( 1
Ö C1 )(
* 1 - 2.0 * ( l - 0.8 )
LT
2
) ; 1.0) = 0.979
cLT 1
cLT,mod = MIN( ; ; 1.0) = 0.605
f 2
lLT
cLT,mod * fy * W pl,y 0.605 * 275.00 * 566.00
Mb,Rd = = = 94.17 kNm
10³ 10³
MEd
= 0.72 £ 1
Mb,Rd

Laterally restrained steel floor beam
UDL
#!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
„ •
Å L Å
Properties
Slab span s = 4.50 m
Slab thickness h = 200.00 mm
Loads
Imposed load on slabs Qk = 5.00 kN/m²
Slab: h * s * L * 25 = 0.20* 4.50 * 6.00 * 25 = 135.00 kN

Screed: s * L * 1.2 = 4.50 * 6.00 * 1.2 = 32.40 kN
Steel beam: TAB("EC3_BS/"type; m; ID=size) * L / 100 = 3.14 kN
Gk = 170.54 kN
Imposed load Qk = Qk * s * L = 5.00 * 4.50 * 6.00 = 135.00 kN
Total UD load for ultimate limit states:

F= 1.35 * Gk + 1.50 * Qk = 1.35 * 170.54 + 1.50 * 135.00 = 432.73 kN
Calculation
F *L 432.73 * 6.00
M= = = 324.55 kNm
8 8
Plastic section modulus W PL required:

6 6
M * 10 * gM 324.55 * 10 * 1.00
W PL,required = = = 1180.18 cm³
1000 * fy 1000 * 275.00
Assumed UB
Serial size: SEL("EC3_BS/"type; ID; W pl,y > W PL,required) = 356x171x67
W PL,UB = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; W pl,y ; ID=size) = 1211.00 cm³
W PL,required 1180.18
= = 0.97 £ 1
W PL,UB 1211.00

Resistance to transverse forces at an end bearing

b
c
tf
tw
h hw d
ss
Load and dimension
FEd = 200.00 kN
Stiff bearing ss = 100.00 mm
Steel properties
Flange breadth b = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; b; ID=size) = 147.30 mm
Flange thickness tf = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; tf; ID=size) = 12.70 mm
Web thickness tw = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; tw; ID=size) = 7.20 mm
Calculation
Web height hw = h - 2 * tf = 234.20 mm
kF = MIN( 2 + 6 *
( ) ss
hw
; 6) = 4.56
2
kF * E * tw
le = MIN( ; ss ) = 100.00 mm
2 * fy * h w
b 147.30
m1 = = = 20.46
tw 7.20
Determine three values for the effective loaded length ly
ly,1 = s s + 2 * t f * ( 1 + Ö m1 ) = 100.00 + 2 * 12.70 * ( 1 + Ö 20.46 ) = 240.3 mm
Ö () Ö
2
( )
2
m1 le = 100.00 + 12.70 * 20.46 100.00
ly,2 = le + tf * + + = 207.9 mm
2 tf 2 12.70
ly,3 = l e + t f * Ö m1 = 100.00 + 12.70 * Ö 20.46 = 157.4 mm
ly = MIN( ly,1 ; ly,2 ; ly,3 ) = 157.4 mm

3 3
tw 7.20
Critical force Fcr = 0.9 * k F * E * = 0.9 * 4.56 * 210000 * = 1373.53*103 N
hw 234.20

Ö Ö
l y * t w * fy 157.4 * 7.20 * 275.00
Relativ slenderness lF = = = 0.476
F cr 1373530
0.5
Reduction factor cF = MIN( ; 1.00) = 1.00
lF
Design resistance FRd = fy * cF * ly * tw = 27.50* 1.00 * 15.74* 0.72 = 311.65 kN
F Ed 200.00
= = 0.64 £ 1
F Rd 311.65

Shear capacity of a beam
b
c
tf
UD load qd
#!!!!!!!!!!!!!" tw
„ •
h hw d
Å L Å
Loads and lengths

UD load for ultimate limit states qd = 30.00 kN/m
Span L = 6000.00 mm
qd * L 30.00 * 6.00
VEd = = = 90.00 kN
2 2
Properties
Shear Area Av = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; Av; ID=size) = 20.20 cm²
Shear resistance
Vpl,Rd = Av * ( fy
Ö 3 * gM
) = 20.20*
(Ö 27.50
3 * 1.00 ) = 320.72 kN
V Ed
= 0.28 < 1
V pl,Rd

Shear capacity of a beam (Central point load)
b
c
tf
ULS load P
%
%
$ tw
#!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
„ • h hw d
Å L Å
ÆÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÆ
Loads and lengths

UD load for ultimate limit states Pd = 200.00 kN
Span L = 6000.00 mm
Pd 200.00
VEd = = = 100.00 kN
2 2
Properties
Shear Area Av = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; Av; ID=size) = 15.60 cm²
Shear resistance
Vpl,Rd = Av * ( fy
Ö 3 * gM
) = 15.60*
(Ö 27.50
3 * 1.00 ) = 247.68 kN
V Ed
= 0.40 < 1
V pl,Rd

Chapter 2: Columns
Design compression resistance of a column
NEd
%
%
$
;‚ ÄÆ
b
] Å c
]
]
Å
Å
tf
] Å
] LÅ
] Å h hw tw
] Å
] Å
æ Å
„ ÄÆ
Loads and lengths

Axial load NEd = 1000.00 kN
Length Lspan = 3000.00 mm
Length factor b = TAB("EC3_BS/LenFact"; f; r=r) = 1.00
Effective length L = Lspan * b = 3000.00 mm

Axis = z-z
Properties
2nd moment of area I = IF( Axis ="z-z"; Iz; Iy) = 1778.00 cm4
Area A = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; A; ID=size) = 66.30 cm²
Calculation
2 2
p *E *I 3.14159 * 210000 * 17780000
Critical buckling load Ncr = = = 4094.56 kN
2 3 2 3
L * 10 3000.00 * 10
Plastic axial force capacity = A * fy = 66.30 * 35.50 = 2353.65 kN
Ö Ö
A * fy 66.30 * 35.50
Slenderness l = = = 0.76
Ncr 4094.56
Curve = TAB("EC3_BS/BuckCurve"; c; type = type; f>tf ; a=Axis) = c
Buckling curve value a = TAB("EC3_BS/buckling"; a; curve=Curve) = 0.49
F= 0.5 * (1 + a * (l - 0.2) + l2) = 0.93

1
c= MIN( ;1.0) = 0.682
ÖF
2 2
F+ -l
Compression resistance NRd = c * fy * A = 0.682 * 35.50* 66.30 = 1605.19 kN
NEd 1000.00
= = 0.62 £ 1
NRd 1605.19

Column with moment from eccentric load
NEd
%
$e
ÆÄÆ
;‚ ÄÆ
b
] Å c
]
]
Å
Å
tf
] Å
] LÅ
] Å h hw tw
] Å
] Å
] Å
‡ ÄÆ
Loads and lengths

Eccentricity e = 80.90 mm
My,Ed = NEd * e = 400.00 * 0.0809 = 32.36 kNm
Length Lspan = 2800.00 mm
Length factor b = TAB("EC3_BS/LenFact"; f; r=r) = 0.85

Effective length L = Lspan * b = 2380.00 mm
Properties

Buckling about the z-z axis

2 2
p * E * Iz 3.14159 * 210000 * 7060000
Critical buckling load Ncr = = = 2583.27 kN
2 3 2 3
L * 10 2380.00 * 10
Plastic axial force capacity = A * fy = 47.10 * 27.50 = 1295.25 kN
Ö Ö
A * fy 47.10 * 27.50
Slenderness l = = = 0.71
Ncr 2583.27
Buckling curve value a = TAB("EC3_BS/buckling"; a; curve=Curve) = 0.49
F= 0.5 * (1 + a * (l - 0.2) + l2) = 0.88

1
c= MIN( ;1.0) = 0.714
ÖF
2 2
F+ -l
Compression resistance NRd = c * fy * A = 0.714 * 27.50* 47.10 = 924.81 kN
NEd 400.00
= = 0.43 £ 1
NRd 924.81

Bending about the y-y axis
Ö
2 2
Mcr = C1 * * + = 279.26 kNm
2 Iz 2
L p * E * Iz
Ö Ö
fy * W pl,y 275.00 * 309.00
lLT = = = 0.552
3 3
Mcr * 10 279.26 * 10

lLT,0 = 0.40
b= 0.75
1 1
cLT = MIN( ; 1.00 ; ) = 0.939
ÖF
2 2 2
FLT + - b * lLT lLT
LT
f= MIN( 1 - 0.5 * 1 -
( Ö C1
1
)(
* 1 - 2.0 * ( l - 0.8 )
LT
2
) ; 1.0) = 1.000
cLT 1
cLT,mod = MIN( ; ; 1.0) = 0.939
f 2
lLT
cLT,mod * fy * W pl,y 0.939 * 275.00 * 309.00
My,b,Rd = = = 79.79 kNm
10³ 10³
My,Ed 32.36
= = 0.41 £ 1
My,b,Rd 79.79
Interaction check
NEd My,Ed 400.00 32.36

+ = + = 0.84 £ 1
NRd My,b,Rd 924.81 79.79

b
c
EXAMPLES TO EUROCODE
tf BS EN
h hw tw
Stanchion baseplate
Column
Steel baseplate
Grout
Holding-down bolt
Load
c
Material properties
Depth h = Lh TAB("EC3_BS/"type; h; ID=size) = 209.60 mm

b
c
Yield strength of concrete fyk = 30.00 N/mm²
Lbstrength of concrete fjd =
Bearing 0.67 * fyk = 20.10 N/mm²
h hw tw
( ) (
Minimum outstand
)
3 3
NEd * 10 800.00 * 10
c= 0.5 * = 0.5 * = 41 mm
-tf - 14.20
2 * b * fjd 2 * 205.80 * 20.10
Minimum baseplate thickness
Ö Ö
fjd 20.10
tb = c* 3* = 41 * 3* = 19 mm
fy 275.00
Baseplate dimensions
Lh = h+2*c = 292 mm
Lb = b+2*c = 288 mm
c
Note that the more detailed design rules in EC3

may show a smaller baseplate is structurally
adequate. However, detailed consideration of the Lh
edge spacing and clearance required for the
holding-down bolts may show that a smaller
baseplate is not practically.
Lb

Chapter 3: Section Properties

Classifications of cross-section
b
c
tf
tw
h hw d
Profile type: SEL("EC3_BS/Profile"; Ret; ) = UB

Flange thickness tf = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; tf; ID=size) = 12.70 mm

Nominal yield stength fy = TAB("EC3_BS/nom_fy"; fy; Steel=Steel; t>tf) = 275.00 N/mm²
Ö
235
Coefficient e = = 0.92
fy
Flange check
Flange outstand c = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; c; ID=size) = 62.50 mm
c
Limit lF = = 5.35
tf * e
Class = TAB("EC3_BS/classes"; Class; Check ="Flange"; Val>lF) = Class 1
Web in bending
Depth d = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; d; ID=size) = 219.00 mm
Web thickness tw = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; tw; ID=size) = 7.20 mm
d
Limit lW = = 33.06
tw * e
Class = TAB("EC3_BS/classes"; Class; Check ="Bending"; Val>lW ) = Class 1
Web in compression
Class = TAB("EC3_BS/classes"; Class; Check ="Compression"; Val>lW ) = Class 2
Results
Overall section class for bending: = Class 1
Overall section class for compression: = Class 2

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EXAMPLES TO EUROCODE BS EN

Steel Design to EN 1993 Page: 1

NOTHING BEATS A GREAT TEMPLATE

Development and Copyrights

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Chapter 3: Section Properties 19

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Loads on steel beam

Slab: h * s * L * 25 = 0.20* 4.00* 5.00* 25 = 100.00 kN

Imposed load Qk = Qk * s * L = 5.00 * 4.00 * 5.00 = 100.00 kN

Deflection under dead load

Deflection under imposed load

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Beam deflection (Central point load)

Deflection under imposed load

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Design buckling resistance moment of an unrestrained steel beam

Calculation of the design buckling resistance moment Mb,Rd

aLT = TAB("EC3_BS/alpha"; aLT; Type=type; Limit>h/b) = 0.34

FLT = 0.5 * (1 + aLT * (lLT - lLT,0) + b * lLT2) = 1.088

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Steel beam with central lateral restraint

Loads and lengths

P d * Lspan 100.00 * 6.00

Depth h = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; h; ID=size) = 310.40 mm

Calculation of the design buckling resistance moment Mb,Rd

aLT = TAB("EC3_BS/alpha"; aLT; Type=type; Limit>h/b) = 0.34

FLT = 0.5 * (1 + aLT * (lLT - lLT,0) + b * lLT2) = 0.634

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Buckling resistance of a steel beam

Loads and lengths

Depth h = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; h; ID=size) = 259.60 mm

Calculation of the design buckling resistance moment Mb,Rd

aLT = TAB("EC3_BS/alpha"; aLT; Type=type; Limit>h/b) = 0.34

FLT = 0.5 * (1 + aLT * (lLT - lLT,0) + b * lLT2) = 1.153

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Laterally restrained steel floor beam

Slab: h * s * L * 25 = 0.20* 4.50 * 6.00 * 25 = 135.00 kN

Imposed load Qk = Qk * s * L = 5.00 * 4.50 * 6.00 = 135.00 kN

Total UD load for ultimate limit states:

Plastic section modulus W PL required:

W PL,UB = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; W pl,y ; ID=size) = 1211.00 cm³

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Resistance to transverse forces at an end bearing

Determine three values for the effective loaded length ly

ly,1 = s s + 2 * t f * ( 1 + Ö m1 ) = 100.00 + 2 * 12.70 * ( 1 + Ö 20.46 ) = 240.3 mm

ly,3 = l e + t f * Ö m1 = 100.00 + 12.70 * Ö 20.46 = 157.4 mm

ly = MIN( ly,1 ; ly,2 ; ly,3 ) = 157.4 mm

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Design resistance FRd = fy * cF * ly * tw = 27.50* 1.00 * 15.74* 0.72 = 311.65 kN

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Shear capacity of a beam

Loads and lengths

Shear Area Av = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; Av; ID=size) = 20.20 cm²

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Shear capacity of a beam (Central point load)

Loads and lengths

Shear Area Av = TAB("EC3_BS/"type; Av; ID=size) = 15.60 cm²

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Loads and lengths

Length factor b = TAB("EC3_BS/LenFact"; f; r=r) = 1.00