Katanguri 1

Neha Katanguri
Chawkat
Independent Research
6 February 2018
Graft vs Host disease

Source:
Bruce, Danny W., et al. "Type 2 innate lymphoid cells treat and prevent acute gastrointestinal
graft-versus-host disease." ​Journal of Clinical Investigation​, vol. 127, no. 5, 2017, p. 1813+.
Science in Context​,
http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A493794448/SCIC?u=glen20233&xid=6e1f5ad9. Accessed
3 Feb. 2018.

Corroborated source: Munneke, J. M., Björklund, A. T., Mjösberg, J. M., Garming-Legert, K.,
Bernink, J. H., Blom, B., . . . Hazenberg, M. D. (2014, July 31). Activated innate lymphoid cells
are associated with a reduced susceptibility to graft-versus-host disease. Retrieved February 03,
2018, from http://www.bloodjournal.org/content/124/5/812.full?sso-checked=true

Summary:

This source summarizes treatments and prevention for Graft-versus-host disease.

Graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) can invade an individual’s immune system and cause the
allogenic stem cells transplant to fail. An allogeneic stem cell transplant is used for patients with
leukemia. One of the possible treatments for this is corticosteroids- but even with this, there is
not a high survival rate. Scientists have discovered that the most efficient cure to aGVHD is on
targeting donor T cells. They are looking at various immune cells, macrophages, and other cells
such as neutrophils and lymphocytes. ​FoxP3-expressing Tregs prevent the function of donor
T-cells from working efficiently. The ILC2 treatment lead to a high survival rate. When
experimented on mice, this treatment had some negative and positive outcomes. But, with a two
to one ratio of ILC2 cells to T- cells, the treatment was successfully working on the mice. With
new treatments, they may help fight the danger cells, but they can still have a negative impact on
other organs, host cells, or bone marrow cells. Overall, there are still questions on the
complications of these treatments and their effect or negative risks on the immune system.
The main organization that contributed to this article is, ​Journal of Clinical Investigation.
The main author in this article is Danny W. Bruce. He is a research associate at ​University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill, ​Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center​. He is also a doctor of
philosophy and has contributing to writing multiple articles. Through his research, the authors
have written various treatments that could prevent or treat patients that have to go through a bone
marrow transplant and may have the possibility of aGVHD. They explain that a bone marrow
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donor cells may reject the immune system of a patient and cause this condition. The article
provides scientific evidence for any possible claims on treatment and includes experimental data
collected from mice. The article states information on the benefits and possible negative impacts
each treatment can make and the effects of it on the human body. The article discusses that there
needs to be more treatment options for aGVHD and that the current treatments have side effects.
The article describes that, “​Co-infusion of ILC2s reduces aGVHD and increases recipient
survival” (Bruce). In the next paragraphs, the author mentions, “While the use of ILC2s to
prevent aGVHD would be beneficial, clinically it would be more impactful to use these cells to
treat active aGVHD” (Bruce). With this claim the author makes about the ILC2 treatment, also
included in the text is a counterclaim which provides the disadvantages. Written last year in
May, this science-related source is current.
This article is written for patients that need an allogeneic stem cell transplant and may
find graft-versus-host disease a risk. Other doctors or bone marrow transplant doctors further
researching to find a possible treatment can use this source as a guide. This article is specifically
written for scientists or doctors trying to find a cure for graft-versus-host d​isease. This article can
be corroborated by ​Activated innate lymphoid cells are associated with a reduced susceptibility
to graft-versus-host disease​ by J. Marius Munneke, which discusses ILCs and how it relates to
treating aGVHD. Both of these sources are similar in comparing the efficiency of this treatment
(using ILCs) and the benefits.
Overall, this source is highly specific and deep into explaining the complications of each
treatment and the benefits to help patients with this condition. It is specific for mentioning data
points/statistics and experiments with mice. The article is very comprehensive and in depth for
describing their methods and provided results.