Ec 2005

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GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC

2005
Q. 1 - 30 Carry One Mark Each

Q. 1 The following differential equation has
d2 y
t dy 3
3 c 2 m + 4 c m + y2 + 2 = x
dt
e dt
.n
(A) degree = 2 , order = 1 (B) degree = 1, order = 2
g
(C) degree = 4 , order = 3 (D) degree = 2 , order = 3
Sol. 1
in
Order is the highest derivative term present in the equation and degree is the
er
power of highest derivative term.
Order = 2 , degree = 1
e
Hence (B) is correct answer.
n
Q. 2
defined.
gi
Choose the function f (t); - 3 < t < 3 for which a Fourier series cannot be
en
(A) 3 sin (25t)
(C) exp (- t ) sin (25t)
(B) 4 cos (20t + 3) + 2 sin (710t)
(D) 1
Sol. 2
sy
Fourier series is defined for periodic function and constant.
a
3 sin (25t) is a periodic function.
4 cos (20t + 3) + 2 sin (710t) is sum of two periodic function and also a periodic
.E
function.
e- t sin (25t) is not a periodic function, so FS can’t be defined for it.
w
1 is constant
w
Hence (C) is correct option.
Q. 3
w
A fair dice is rolled twice. The probability that an odd number will follow an
even number is
(A) 1/2 (B) 1/6
(C) 1/3 (D) 1/4
Sol. 3 Probability of coming odd number is 12 and the probability of coming even number
is 12 . Both the events are independent to each other, thus probability of coming
odd number after an even number is 12 # 12 = 14 .
Hence (D) is correct answer.
d2 y dy
Q. 4 A solution of the following differential equation is given by -5 + 6y = 0
dx 2 dx
(A) y = e2x + e-3x (B) y = e2x + e3x
(C) y = e-2x + 33x (D) y = e-2x + e-3x
Sol. 4 Hence (B) is correct answer.
d2 y dy
We have -5 + 6y = 0
dx2 dx
The A.E. is m2 - 5m + 6 = 0
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GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2005
m = 3, 2
The CF is yc = C1 e3x + C2 e2x
Since Q = 0 , thus y = C1 e3x + C2 e2x
Thus only (B) may be correct.
Q. 5 The function x (t) is shown in the figure. Even and odd parts of a unit step
function u (t) are respectively,
et
.n
ng
(A) 1 , 1 x (t)
ri (B) - 1 , 1 x (t)
e
2 2 2 2
2 2
ne
(C) 1 , - 1 x (t) (D) - 1 , - 1 x (t)
2 2
Sol. 5
gi
Hence (A) is correct answer.
Ev{g (t)} =
g (t) + g (- t)
en
odd{g (t)} =
2
g (t) - g (- t)
Here
sy g (t) = u (t)
2
a u (t) + u (- t)
= 1
.E
Thus ue (t) =
2 2
u (t) - u (- t) x (t)
w
uo (t) = =
2 2
Q. 6
w
The region of convergence of z - transform of the sequence
w
5 n 6 n
b 6 l u (n) - b 5 l u (- n - 1) must be
(A) z < 5 (B) z > 5
6 6
5
(C) < z < 6 6
(D) < z < 3
6 5 5
Sol. 6 Hence (C) is correct answer.
Here x1 (n) = ` 5 jn u (n)
6
X1 (z) = 1 ROC : R1 " z > 5
1 - ^ 65 z-1h 6
6
x2 (n) =-` j u (- n - 1)
n
5
X1 (z) = 1 - 1 ROC : R2 " z < 6
1 - ^ 65 z-1h 5
Thus ROC of x1 (n) + x2 (n) is R1 + R2 which is 5 < z < 6
6 5
Q. 7 The condition on R, L and C such that the step response y (t) in the figure has
no oscillations, is

(A) R $ 1 L (B) R $ L
2 C C
(C) R $ 2 L (D) R = 1
C LC
Sol. 7 Transfer function is
Y (s)
=
et 1
sC = 2 1 =
1
LC
U (s)
.n
R + sL + 1
sC
s LC + scR + 1 s2 + R s + 1
L LC
g
Comparing with s2 + 2xwn s + wn2 = 0 we have
n
Here
ri
2xwn = R ,
L
and
ee
wn = 1
LC
Thus
in x = R LC = R C
ng 2L
For no oscillations, x $ 1
2 L
Thus
yeR C $1
2 L
or
as R $2 L
C
.E
Q. 8 The ABCD parameters of an ideal n: 1 transformer shown in the figure are
w n 0
>0 x H
w
w
The value of x will be
(A) n (B) 1
n
(C) n2 (D) 12
n
Sol. 8 For given transformer
I2 = V1 = n
I1 V2 1
or I
I1 = 2 and V1 = nV2
n
Comparing with standard equation
V1 = AV2 + BI2
I1 = CV2 + DI2

A B n 0
=C D G = =0 1 G
n
Thus x = 1
n
Hence (B) is correct option.
Q. 9 In a series RLC circuit, R = 2 kW , L = 1 H, and C = 1 mF The resonant

400
frequency is
(A) 2 # 10 4 Hz
et (B) 1 # 10 4 Hz
p
n
4 4
(C) 10 Hz (D) 2p # 10 Hz
Sol. 9
g.
in
We have L = 1H and C = 1 # 10-6
400
er
Resonant frequency
ne
f0 = 1
2p LC
==
2p
1
1 # 1 # 10 - 6
gi 3 4
= 10 # 20 = 10 Hz
400
Q. 10
en 2p p
The maximum power that can be transferred to the load resistor RL from the
y
voltage source in the figure is
s
a
.E
w
w
w
(A) 1 W
(C) 0.25 W
(B) 10 W
(D) 0.5 W
Sol. 10 Maximum power will be transferred when RL = Rs = 100W
In this case voltage across RL is 5 V, therefore
2
Pmax = V = 5 # 5 = 0.25 W
R 100
Q. 11 The bandgap of Silicon at room temperature is
(A) 1.3 eV (B) 0.7 eV
(C) 1.1 eV (D) 1.4 eV
Sol. 11 For silicon at 0 K,
Eg0 = 1.21 eV
At any temperature
EgT = Eg0 - 3.6 # 10 - 4 T
At T = 300 K,
Eg300 = 1.21 - 3.6 # 10 - 4 # 300 = 1.1 eV
This is standard value, that must be remembered.

Hence option (C) is correct.

Q. 12 A Silicon PN junction at a temperature of 20c C has a reverse saturation
current of 10 pico - Ameres (pA). The reserve saturation current at 40cC for the
same bias is approximately
(A) 30 pA (B) 40 pA
(C) 50 pA (D) 60 pA
Sol. 12 The reverse saturation current doubles for every 10cC rise in temperature as
follows
I0 (T) = I 01 # 2(T - T )/10
1
Thus at 40c C, I0 = 40 pA
et
Hence option (B) is correct.
Q. 13
.n
The primary reason for the widespread use of Silicon in semiconductor device
technology is
ng
i
(A) abundance of Silicon on the surface of the Earth.
er
(B) larger bandgap of Silicon in comparison to Germanium.
(C) favorable properties of Silicon - dioxide (SiO2)
e
(D) lower melting point
n
Sol. 13
gi
Silicon is abundant on the surface of earth in the from of SiO2 .
Hence option (A) is correct.
Q. 14
en
The effect of current shunt feedback in an amplifier is to
sy
(A) increase the input resistance and decrease the output resistance
(B) increases both input and output resistance
a
(C) decrease both input and output resistance
.E
(D) decrease the input resistance and increase the output resistance
Sol. 14
w
The effect of current shunt feedback in an amplifier is to decrease the input
resistance and increase the output resistance as :
w Rif = Ri
w 1 + Ab
Rof = R0 (1 + Ab)
where Ri " Input resistance without feedback
Rif " Input resistance with feedback.
Hence (D) is correct option.
Q. 15 The input resistance Ri of the amplifier shown in the figure is
(A) 30 kW (B) 10 kW
4
(C) 40 kW (D) infinite

Sol. 15 Since the inverting terminal is at virtual ground, the current flowing through the
voltage source is
Is = Vs
10k
or Vs = 10 kW = R
in
Is
Q. 16
et
The first and the last critical frequency of an RC -driving point impedance
function must respectively be
(A) a zero and a pole
(C) a pole and a pole.n (B) a zero and a zero
(D) a pole and a zero
Sol. 16
ng
For stability poles and zero interlace on real axis. In RC series network the
ri
driving point impedance is
eeZins = R + 1 = 1 + sRC
Cs sC
in
Here pole is at origin and zero is at s =- 1/RC , therefore first critical
frequency is a pole and last critical frequency is a zero.
ng
For RC parallel network the driving point impedance is
ye Zinp =
R 1
Cs =
1 1 +
R
sRC
as R+
Cs
Here pole is s =- 1/RC and zero is at 3, therefore first critical frequency is a
.E
pole and last critical frequency is a zero.
w
Q. 17
w
The cascade amplifier is a multistage configuration of
(A) CC - CB (B) CE - CB
Sol. 17
w
(C) CB - CC (D) CE - CC
The CE configuration has high voltage gain as well as high current gain. It
performs basic function of amplifications. The CB configuration has lowest Ri
and highest Ro . It is used as last step to match a very low impedance source and
to drain a high impedance load
Thus cascade amplifier is a multistage configuration of CE-CB
Hence (B) is correct option
Q. 18 Decimal 43 in Hexadecimal and BCD number system is respectively
(A) B2, 0100 011 (B) 2B, 0100 0011
(C) 2B, 0011 0100 (D) B2, 0100 0100
Sol. 18 Dividing 43 by 16 we get
g
2
16 43
32
11
11 in decimal is equivalent is B in hexamal.
Thus 4310 * 2B16
Now 410 * 01002

310 * 00112
Thus 4310 * 01000011BCD
Q. 19 The Boolean function f implemented in the figure using two input multiplexes
is
et
.n
(A) ABC + ABC
ng (B) ABC + ABC
(C) ABC + ABC
ri (D) ABC + ABC
Sol. 19
ee
The diagram is as shown in fig
in
ng
ye
as
.E f' = BC + BC
f = f' A + f ' 0
w = f'A = ABC + ABC
w
Q. 20
w
Which of the following can be impulse response of a causal system ?
Sol. 20 For causal system h (t) = 0 for t # 0 . Only (D) satisfy this condition.
Q. 21 Let x (n) = ( 12 ) n u (n), y (n) = x2 (n) and Y (e jw) be the Fourier transform of y (n)
then Y (e j0)
(A) 1 (B) 2
4

(C) 4 (D) 4
3
Sol. 21 Hence (D) is correct answer.
x (n) = b 1 l u (n)
n
2
y (n) = x2 (n) = b 1 l u2 (n)
2n
t
2 n
y (n) = ;b 1 l E u (n) = b 1 l u (n)
n
or ...(1)
2 4
/ /
Y (e jw) =
nen=3
y (n) e-jwn =
n=3
1 n -jwn
b4l e
/ g. n =- 3
n=3
1
n
1 1 1
n=0
1 3 1 4
`4j = 1 +b4l +b4l+b4l +b4l
or
in
Y (e j0) =
n=0
or
er
Y (e j0) = 1
1- 1
4
=4
3
Alternative :
ne
i
Taking z transform of (1) we get
g
Y (z) =
n
1
1 - 14 z-1
ye
Substituting z = e jw we have
Y (e jw) = 1
a s 1 - 14 e-jw
Y (e j0) = 1 1 = 4
1- 4 3
Q. 22
.E
Find the correct match between group 1 and group 2.
Group 1
w
P. {1 + km (t) A sin (wc t)}
Group 2
W. Phase modulation
w
Q. km (t) A sin (wc t) X. Frequency modulation
w #
R. A sin {wc t + km (t)}
S. A sin ;wc t + k
t
Y. Amplitude modulation
m (t) dt E Z. DSB-SC modulation

-3
(A) P - Z, Q - Y, R - X, S - W
(B) P - W, Q - X, R - Y, S - Z
(C) P - X, Q - W, R - Z, S - Y
(D) P - Y, Q - Z, R - W, S - X
Sol. 22 Hence (D) is correct option.
{1 + km (t)} A sin (wc t) $ Amplitude modulation
dm (t) Asin (wc t) $ DSB-SC modulation
A sin {cos t + km (t)} $ Phase Modulation
A sin [wct + k] t- 3 m (t) dt $ Frequency Modulation
Q. 23 The power in the signal s (t) = 8 cos (20p - p2 ) + 4 sin (15pt) is
(A) 40 (B) 41
(C) 42 (D) 82
Sol. 23 Hence (A) is correct answer.
s (t) = 8 cos ` p - 20pt j + 4 sin 15pt
2

= 8 sin 20pt + 4 sin 15pt

Here A1 = 8 and A2 = 4 . Thus power is
2 2 2 2
P = A1 + A2 = 8 + 4 = 40
2 2 2 2
Q. 24 Which of the following analog modulation scheme requires the minimum
transmitted power and minimum channel bandwidth ?
(A) VSB (B) DSB-SC
(C) SSB (D) AM
Sol. 24 Hence (C) is correct option.
et
VSB $ fm + fc
DSB - SC $ 2fm
.n
SSB $ fm
ng
AM $ 2fm
i
Thus SSB has minimum bandwidth and it require minimum power.
r
e
Q. 25 A linear system is equivalently represented by two sets of state equations :
ne Xo = AX + BU and Wo = CW + DU
The eigenvalues of the representations are also computed as [l] and [m]. Which
gi
one of the following statements is true ?
(A) [l] = [m] and X = W (B) [l] = [m] and X ! W
en
(C) [l] ! [m] and X = W (D) [l] = [m] and X ! W
Sol. 25
We have sy
Hence (C) is correct option
Xo = AX + BU where l is set of Eigen values
and a Wo = CW + DU where m is set of Eigen values
.E
If a liner system is equivalently represented by two sets of state equations, then
w
for both sets, states will be same but their sets of Eigne values will not be same
w
i.e.
X = W but l ! m
Q. 26 w
Which one of the following polar diagrams corresponds to a lag network ?
Sol. 26 The transfer function of a lag network is

T (s) = 1 + sT b > 1; T > 0
1 + sbT

T (jw) = 1 + w2 T2
1 + w2 b2 T2
and +T (jw) = tan-1 (wT) - tan-1 (wbT)
At w = 0 , T (jw) = 1
At w = 0 , +T (jw) =- tan-1 0 = 0
At w = 3 , T (jw) = 1
b
At w = 3 , +T (jw) = 0
et
n
Q. 27
g.
Despite the presence of negative feedback, control systems still have problems of
instability because the
in
(A) Components used have non- linearities
er
(B) Dynamic equations of the subsystem are not known exactly.
(C) Mathematical analysis involves approximations.
e
(D) System has large negative phase angle at high frequencies.
n
Sol. 27
gi
Despite the presence of negative feedback, control systems still have problems of
instability because components used have nonlinearity. There are always some
en
variation as compared to ideal characteristics.
Hence (A) is correct option.
Q. 28
sy
The magnetic field intensity vector of a plane wave is given by
a H (x, y, z, t) = 10 sin (50000t + 0.004x + 30) aty
.E
where aty , denotes the unit vector in y direction. The wave is propagating with a
phase velocity.
w
(A) 5 # 10 4 m/s (B) - 3 # 108 m/s
w
(C) - 1.25 # 107 m/s (D) 3 # 108 m/s]
Sol. 28
w
w = 50, 000 and b =- 0.004
4
Phase Velocity is vP = w = 5 # 10 - 3 = 1.25 # 107 m/s
b - 4 # 10
Q. 29 Many circles are drawn in a Smith Chart used for transmission line calculations.
The circles shown in the figure represent
(A) Unit circles

(B) Constant resistance circles
(C) Constant reactance circles
(D) Constant reflection coefficient circles.
Sol. 29 The given figure represent constant reactance circle.

Q. 30 Refractive index of glass is 1.5. Find the wavelength of a beam of light with
frequency of 1014 Hz in glass. Assume velocity of light is 3 # 108 m/s in vacuum
(A) 3 mm (B) 3 mm
(C) 2 mm (D) 1 mm
Sol. 30 Refractive index of glass m = 1.5
Frequency f = 1014 Hz
c = 3 # 108 m/sec
8
l = c = 3 # 10 = 3 # 10 - 6
f 10 14
wavelength in glass is
et -6
lg = a = 3 # 10 = 2 # 10 - 6 m
.n
m 1.5
ng
ri
Question 31 - 80 Carry Two Marks Each
Q. 31
ee
In what range should Re (s) remain so that the Laplace transform of the
function e(a + 2) t + 5 exits.
in
(A) Re (s) > a + 2 (B) Re (s) > a + 7
(C) Re (s) < 2
ng (D) Re (s) > a + 5
e
We have
sy f (t) = e(a + 2) t + 5 = e5 .e(a + 2) t

Taking laplace transform we get
a F (s) = e5 ; 1
s - (a + 2) E
Thus Re (s) > (a + 2)
.E
Given the matrix =
-4 2
4 3G
Q. 32
w , the eigenvector is
w
3 4
(A) = G (B) = G
2 3
w
(C) = G
-1
2 -1
(D) = G
2
Sol. 32 Hence (C) is correct answer.
-4 2
A ==
4 3G
We have
Characteristic equation is
A - lI = 0
4-l 2
or =0
4 3-l
or (- 4 - l)(3 - l) - 8 = 0
or - 12 + l + l2 - 8 = 0
or l2 + l - 20 = 0
or l =- 5, 4 Eigen values
Eigen vector for l =- 5
(A - lI) Xi = 0

1 - (- 5) 2 x1 0
= 4 G=
8 - 4 x2 G == G
0
1 2 x1 0
=0 0G=x G = =0 G R2 - 4R1
2
x1 + 2x2 = 0
Let - x1 = 2 & x2 =- 1,
2
X ==
-1G
t
Thus Eigen vector
ne
Q. 33 Let, A = =
2 - 0.1
0 3 G . 1
a
and A - 1 = = 2 G. Then (a + b) =
g 0 b
(A) 7/20
in (B) 3/20
(C) 19/60
We have er (D) 11/20
e
Sol. 33
2 - 0. 1 1
a
A == G and A - 1 = = 2 G
in 0 3 0 b
g
-1
Now AA = I
or n
2 - 0. 1 1 a 1 0
=0 3 G= 2 G = =0 1G
e 0 b
or =0
sy
1 2 a - 0. 1 b
G
1 0
== G
a 3b 0 1
or
.E 2a - 0.1 = 0 and 3b = 1
Thus solving above we have b = 1 and a = 1
w 3 60
w
Therefore a+b = 1 + 1 = 7
3 60 20
w
2
1
#0 exp c- x m dx is
3
Q. 34 The value of the integral I =
2p 8
(A) 1 (B) p
(C) 2 (D) 2p
Sol. 34 Gaussian PDF is
1
#
3 - (x - m)2
f (x) = e 2s2 dx for - 3 # x # 3
2p s -3
# f (x) dx
3
and =1
-3
Substituting m = 0 and s = 2 in above we get

1
#
3 - x2
e dx = 1
8
2p 2 - 3
1 2 3e- dx = 1
or #
2p 2 0
x2
8
1
#
3 - x2
or e dx = 1
8
2p 0

Q. 35 The derivative of the symmetric function drawn in given figure will look like
et
Sol. 35
.n
For x > 0 the slope of given curve is negative. Only (C) satisfy this condition.
g
Hence (C) is correct answer.
n
Q. 36
Group I
ri
Match the following and choose the correct combination:
Group 2
ee
E. Newton-Raphson method
F. Runge-kutta method
1. Solving nonlinear equations
2. Solving linear simultaneous
in equations
ng
G. Simpson’s Rule 3. Solving ordinary differential
equations
ye
H. Gauss elimination 4. Numerical integration
5. Interpolation
as
(A) E - 6, F - 1, G - 5, H - 3
6. Calculation of Eigenvalues
(B) E - 1, F - 6, G - 4, H - 3
.E
(C) E - 1, F - 3, G - 4, H - 2 (D) E - 5, F - 3, G - 4, H - 1
w
Newton - Raphson " Method-Solving nonlinear eq.
w
Runge - kutta Method " Solving ordinary differential eq.
w
Simpson’s Rule
Gauss elimination
" Numerical Integration
" Solving linear simultaneous eq.
Q. 37 Given an orthogonal matrix
R1 1 1 1 V
S W
S1 1 - 1 - 1W
A =S
1 - 1 0 0W
S W
S0 0 1 1 W
6AA @ is
T -1
T X
R1 V R1 V
S4 0 0 0 W S2 0 0 0W
S0 1 0 0 W S0 1
2 0 0
W
(A) S 4 1 W (B) S 1 W
S0 0 2 0 W S0 0 2 0W
S0 0 0 12 W S0 0 0 12 W
RT1 0 0 0 V X TR 1 0 0 0XW
V
S W S4
S0 1 0 0 W S0 1
4 0 0
W
(C) S (D) S W
0 0 1 0W S0
1
0 4 0W
S W
S0 0 0 1 W S0 0 0 14 W
T X T X


From orthogonal matrix
[AAT ] = I
Since the inverse of I is I , thus
[AAT ] -1 = I-1 = I
Q. 38 For the circuit shown in the figure, the instantaneous current i1 (t) is
et
.n
ng
ri
(A) 10 3 90c A
2
ee (B) 10 3 - 90c A
2
(C) 5 60c A
in (D) 5 - 60c A
Sol. 38
ng
Applying KCL we get
i1 (t) + 5+0c = 10+60c
or
ye i1 (t) = 10+60c - 5+0c = 5 + 5 3j - 5
i1 (t) = 5 3 +90c = 10 3 +90c
or
as
2
Q. 39
.E
Impedance Z as shown in the given figure is
w
w
w
(A) j29 W (B) j9 W
(C) j19 W (D) j39 W
Sol. 39 If L1 = j5W and L3 = j2W the mutual induction is subtractive because current
enters from dotted terminal of j2W coil and exit from dotted terminal of j5W. If
L2 = j2W and L3 = j2W the mutual induction is additive because current enters
from dotted terminal of both coil.
Thus Z = L1 - M13 + L2 + M23 + L3 - M31 + M32
= j5 + j10 + j2 + j10 + j2 - j10 + j10 = j9
Q. 40 For the circuit shown in the figure, Thevenin’s voltage and Thevenin’s
equivalent resistance at terminals a - b is

(A) 5 V and 2 W (B) 7.5 V and 2.5 W

(C) 4 V and 2 W (D) 3 V and 2.5 W
Sol. 40 Open circuit at terminal ab is shown below
et
.n
ng
ri
Applying KCL at node we get
eeVab + Vab - 10 = 1
5 5
or
in Vab = 7.5 = Vth
Short circuit at terminal ab is shown below
ng
ye
as
.E
Short circuit current from terminal ab is
w Isc = 1 + 10 = 3 A
5
Thusw Rth = Vth = 7.5 = 2.5 W
w Isc 3
Here current source being in series with dependent voltage source make it
ineffective.
Q. 41 If R1 = R2 = R4 = R and R3 = 1.1R in the bridge circuit shown in the figure,
then the reading in the ideal voltmeter connected between a and b is
(A) 0.238 V (B) 0.138 V

(C) - 0.238 V (D) 1 V

Sol. 41 Here Va = 5 V because R1 = R2 and total voltage drop is 10 V.

Now Vb = R3 # 10 = 1.1 # 10 = 5.238 V
R3 + R4 2.1
V = Va - Vb = 5 - 5.238 =- 0.238 V
Q. 42 The h parameters of the circuit shown in the figure are
et
.n
ng
(A) =
0 . 1 0. 1
- 0. 1 0. 3 r
Gi (B) =
10 - 1
1 0.05G
(C) =
30 20
20 20 G
ee (D) =
10 1
- 1 0.05G
Sol. 42
in
For h parameters we have to write V1 and I2 in terms of I1 and V2 .
ng V1 = h11 I1 + h12 V2
I2 = h21 I1 + h22 V2
ye
Applying KVL at input port
as V1 = 10I1 + V2
Applying KCL at output port
.E
V2 = I + I
1 2
20
or
w I2 =- I1 + V2
20
w
Thus from above equation we get
w h11 h12 10 1
=h h G = =- 1 0.05G
12 22

Q. 43 A square pulse of 3 volts amplitude is applied to C - R circuit shown in the
figure. The capacitor is initially uncharged. The output voltage V2 at time t = 2
sec is
(A) 3 V (B) - 3 V
(C) 4 V (D) - 4 V
Sol. 43 Hence (B) is correct option.
Time constant RC = 0.1 # 10 - 6 # 103 = 10 - 4 sec
Since time constant RC is very small, so steady state will be reached in 2 sec.
At t = 2 sec the circuit is as shown in fig.

Vc = 3 V
V2 =- Vc =- 3 V
Q. 44 A Silicon sample A is doped with 1018 atoms/cm 3 of boron. Another sample B
of identical dimension is doped with 1018 atoms/cm 3 phosphorus. The ratio of
(A) 3 et
electron to hole mobility is 3. The ratio of conductivity of the sample A to B is
(B) 1
(C) 2 .n (D) 3
3
ng 2
Sol. 44
ri
sn = nqmn
ee sp = pqmp
sp m
(n = p)
in sn
= p =1
mn 3
Q. 45
ng
A Silicon PN junction diode under reverse bias has depletion region of width 10
ye
mm. The relative permittivity of Silicon, er = 11.7 and the permittivity of free
space e0 = 8.85 # 10 - 12 F/m. The depletion capacitance of the diode per square
meter is
as
(A) 100 mF (B) 10 mF
.E
(C) 1 mF (D) 20 mF
Sol. 45
w
w C = e0 er A
d
orw C = e0 er = 8.85 # 10-12 # 11.7 = 10.35 m F
A d 10 # 10-6
Q. 46 For an npn transistor connected as shown in figure VBE = 0.7 volts. Given that
reverse saturation current of the junction at room temperature 300 K is 10 - 13 A,
the emitter current is
(A) 30 mA (B) 39 mA
(C) 49 mA (D) 20 mA
IE = Is `e nV - 1j = 10 - 13 c
VBE
T
0.7 - 1m = 49 mA
e1 # 26 # 10
-3

Q. 47 The voltage e0 is indicated in the figure has been measured by an ideal

voltmeter. Which of the following can be calculated ?
et
.n
(A) Bias current of the inverting input only
ng
(B) Bias current of the inverting and non-inverting inputs only
ri
(C) Input offset current only
Sol. 47
ee
(D) Both the bias currents and the input offset current
The circuit is as shown below
in
ng
ye
as
.E
Writing equation for I- have
w e 0 - V- = I
w
-
1M
or
w e0 = I- (1M) + V-
Writing equation for I+ we have
0 - V+
...(1)
= I+
1M
or V+ = - I+ (1M) ...(2)
Since for ideal OPAMP V+ = V- , from (1) and (2) we have
e0 = I- (1M) - I + (1M)
= (I- - I+) (1M) = IOS (1M)
Thus if e0 has been measured, we can calculate input offset current IOS only.
Q. 48 The Op-amp circuit shown in the figure is filter. The type of filter and its cut.
Off frequency are respectively

(A) high pass, 1000 rad/sec. (B) Low pass, 1000 rad/sec
(C) high pass, 1000 rad/sec (D) low pass, 10000 rad/sec
Sol. 48 At low frequency capacitor is open circuit and voltage acr s non-inverting terminal
is zero. At high frequency capacitor act as short circuit and all input voltage
appear at non-inverting terminal. Thus, this is high pass circuit.
The frequency is given by
w = 1 = 1 = 1000 rad/sec
RC 1 # 103 # 1 # 10 - 6
Q. 49
et
In an ideal differential amplifier shown in the figure, a large value of (RE ).
(A) increase both the differential and common - mode gains.
n
(B) increases the common mode gain only.
.
ng
(C) decreases the differential mode gain only.
(D) decreases the common mode gain only.
Sol. 49 Common mode gain
ri
ee
ACM =- RC
2RE
in
And differential mode gain
ngADM =- gm RC
Thus only common mode gain depends on RE and for large value of RE it
decreases.
ye
Q. 50
as
For an n -channel MOSFET and its transfer curve shown in the figure, the
.E
threshold voltage is
w
w
w
(A) 1 V and the device is in active region
(B) - 1 V and the device is in saturation region
(C) 1 V and the device is in saturation region
(D) - 1 V and the device is an active region
Sol. 50 From the graph it can be easily seen that Vth = 1 V
Now VGS = 3 - 1 = 2 V
and VDS = 5 - 1 = 4 V
Since VDS > VGS $ VDS > VGS - Vth
Thus MOSFET is in saturation region.
Hence option (C) is correct.
Q. 51 The circuit using a BJT with b = 50 and VBE = 0.7V is shown in the figure.
The base current IB and collector voltage by VC and respectively

(A) 43 mA and 11.4 Volts

et (B) 40 mA and 16 Volts
(C) 45 mA and 11 Volts
.n (D) 50 mA and 10 Volts
Sol. 51
ng
The circuit under DC condition is shown in fig below
ri
ee
in
ng
ye
Applying KVL we have
as VCC - RB IB - VBE - RE IE = 0
.E
or VCC - RB IB - VBE - RE (b + 1) IB = 0 Since IE = IB + bIB
w
or IB = VCC - VBE
RB + (b + 1) RE
w = 20 - 0.7
430k + (50 + 1)1 k
= 40m A
Now w IC = bIB = 50 # 40m = 2 mA

VC = VCC - RC IC = 20 - 2m # 2k = 16 V
Q. 52 The Zener diode in the regulator circuit shown in the figure has a Zener voltage
of 5.8 volts and a zener knee current of 0.5 mA. The maximum load current
drawn from this current ensuring proper functioning over the input voltage
range between 20 and 30 volts, is
(A) 23.7 mA (B) 14.2 mA

(C) 13.7 mA (D) 24.2 mA
Sol. 52 The maximum load current will be at maximum input voltage i.e.
Vmax = 30 V i.e.

Vmax - VZ = I + I
L Z
1k
or 30 - 5.8 = I = 0.5 m
L
1k
or IL = 24.2 - 0.5 = 23.7 mA
Q. 53 The transistors used in a portion of the TTL gate show in the figure have
b = 100 . The base emitter voltage of is 0.7 V for a transistor in active region
and 0.75 V for a transistor in saturation. If the sink current I = 1 A and the
output is at logic 0, then the current IR will be equal to
et
.n
ng
ri
ee
(A) 0.65 mA
in (B) 0.70 mA
(C) 0.75 mA
ng (D) 1.00 mA
e
Sol. 53 The circuit is as shown below
sy
a
.E
w
w
w
If output is at logic 0, the we have V0 = 0 which signifies BJT Q3 is in saturation
and applying KVL we have
VBE3 = IR # 1k
or 0.75 = IR # 1k
or IR = 0.75 mA
Q. 54 The Boolean expression for the truth table shown is

(A) B (A + C)( A + C ) (B) B (A + C )( A + C)

(C) B (A + C )( A + C) (D) B (A + C)( A + C )
We have f = ABC + ABC
= B (AC + AC ) = B (A + C)( A + C )
Q. 55 Both transistors T1 and T2 show in the figure, have a b = 100 , threshold voltage
et
of 1 Volts. The device parameters K1 and K2 of T1 and T2 are, respectively, 36
mA/V2 and 9 mA/V 2 . The output voltage Vo i s
.n
ng
ri
ee
(A) 1 V
in (B) 2 V
(C) 3 V
ng (D) 4 V
e
Q. 56
Qn + 1
sy
The present output Qn of an edge triggered JK flip-flop is logic 0. If J = 1, then
a
(A) Cannot be determined (B) Will be logic 0
.E
(C) will be logic 1 (D) will rave around
Sol. 56
w
Characteristic equation for a jk flip-flop is written as
Qn + 1 = JQ n + K Qn
w
Where Qn is the present output
w
So,
Qn + 1
Qn + 1
is next output
= 10 + K : 0 Qn = 0
Qn + 1 = 1
Q. 57 The given figure shows a ripple counter using positive edge triggered flip-flops.
If the present state of the counter is Q2 Q1 Q0 = 001 then is next state Q2 Q1 Q
will be
(A) 010 (B) 111

(C) 100 (D) 101
Sol. 57 Since T2 T1 T0 is at 111, at every clock Q2 Q1 Q0 will be changes. Ir present state is
011, the next state will be 100.

Q. 58 What memory address range is NOT represents by chip # 1 and chip # 2 in

the figure A0 to A15 in this figure are the address lines and CS means chip
select.
et
.n
ng
ri
ee
(A) 0100 - 02FF
in (B) 1500 - 16FF
Sol. 58
(C) F900 - FAFF
ng
(D) F800 - F9FF
Q. 59
ye
The output y (t) of a linear time invariant system is related to its input x (t) by
as
the following equations
y (t)= 0.5x (t - td + T) + x (t - td ) + 0.5x (t - td + T)
.E
The filter transfer function H (w) of such a system is given by
w
(A) (1 + cos wT) e-jwt (B) (1 + 0.5 cos wT) e-jwt
d d
(C) (1 - cos wT) e-jwt (D) (1 - 0.5 cos wT) e-jwt

w
d d

w
Sol. 59
y (t) = 0.5x (t - td + T) + x (t - td ) + 0.5x (t - td - T)

Taking Fourier transform we have
Y (w) = 0.5e-jw (- t + T) X (w) + e-jwt X (w) + 0.5e-jw (- t - T) X (w)
d d d
Y (w)
or = e-jwt [0.5e jwT + 1 + 0.5e-jwT ]
d
X (w)
= e-jwt [0.5 (e jwT + e-jwT ) + 1] = e-jwt [cos wT + 1]
d d
Y (w)
or H (w) = = e-jwt (cos wT + 1)
d
X (w)
Q. 60 Match the following and choose the correct combination.
Group 1
E. Continuous and aperiodic signal
F. Continuous and periodic signal
G. Discrete and aperiodic signal
H. Discrete and periodic signal

Group 2
1. Fourier representation is continuous and aperiodic
2. Fourier representation is discrete and aperiodic
3. Fourier representation is continuous and periodic
4. Fourier representation is discrete and periodic
(A) E - 3, F - 2, G - 4, H-1
(B) E - 1, F - 3, G - 2, H-4
(C)
(D)
E - 1,
E - 2,
F - 2,
F - 1,
et
G - 3,
G - 4,
H-4
H-3
Sol. 60
.n
For continuous and aperiodic signal Fourier representation is continuous and
aperiodic.
ng
ri
For continuous and periodic signal Fourier representation is discrete and aperiodic.
For discrete and aperiodic signal Fourier representation is continuous and periodic.
ee
For discrete and periodic signal Fourier representation is discrete and periodic.
Q. 61
in
A signal x (n) = sin (w0 n + f) is the input to a linear time- invariant system
ng
having a frequency response H (e jw). If the output of the system Ax (n - n0) then
the most general form of +H (e jw) will be
ye
(A) - n0 w0 + b for any arbitrary real
(B) - n0 w0 + 2pk for any arbitrary integer k
as
(C) n0 w0 + 2pk for any arbitrary integer k
(D) - n0 w0 f
Sol. 61
.E
w y (n) = Ax (n - no)
w
Taking Fourier transform
w Y (e jw) = Ae-jw n X (e jw)

o o
Y (e jw)
or H (e jw) = = Ae-jw n o o
X (e jw)
Thus +H (e jw) =- wo no
For LTI discrete time system phase and frequency of H (e jw) are periodic with
period 2p. So in general form
q (w) =- no wo + 2pk
Q. 62 For a signal x (t) the Fourier transform is X (f). Then the inverse Fourier
transform of X (3f + 2) is given by
j4pt
(A) 1 x` t j e j3pt (B) 1 x` t j e - 3
2 2 3 3
(C) 3x (3t) e-j4pt (D) x (3t + 2)
Sol. 62 Hence (B) is correct answer.
F
x (t) X (f)
Using scaling we have
1 X f
a ca m
F
x (at)
xb 1 f l
F
Thus 3X (3f)
3

Using shifting property we get

e-j2pf t x (t) = X (f + f0)
0
1 e-j 43 pt x 1 t
b3 l
F
Thus X (3f + 2)
3
e-j2p t x b 1 t l
2 F
3
3X (3 (f + 23 ))
3
1 e-jp t x 1 t
b3 l
4 F
3
X [3 (f + 23 )]
3
Q. 63 The polar diagram of a conditionally stable system for open loop gain K = 1 is
et
shown in the figure. The open loop transfer function of the system is known to
be stable. The closed loop system is stable for
.n
ng
ri
ee
in
ng
ye
(A) K < 5 and 1 < K < 1
2 8
(B) K < 1 and 1 < K < 5
8 2
as
(C) K < 1 and 5 < K
8
(D) K > 1 and 5 > K
8
.E
Sol. 63 Hence (B) is correct option
w
Q. 64 In the derivation of expression for peak percent overshoot
- px
Mp = exp e o # 100%
w 1 - x2
w
Which one of the following conditions is NOT required ?
(A) System is linear and time invariant
(B) The system transfer function has a pair of complex conjugate poles and no
zeroes.
(C) There is no transportation delay in the system.
(D) The system has zero initial conditions.
Sol. 64 The peak percent overshoot is determined for LTI second order closed loop system
with zero initial condition. It’s transfer function is
T (s) = wn2
s2 + 2xwn s + wn2
Transfer function has a pair of complex conjugate poles and zeroes.
Q. 65 Given the ideal operational amplifier circuit shown in the figure indicate the
correct transfer characteristics assuming ideal diodes with zero cut-in voltage.

et
.n
ng
ri
ee
in
ng
ye
as
Sol. 65 .E
Only one diode will be in ON conditions
w
When lower diode is in ON condition, then
w Vu = 2k Vsat = 2 10 = 8 V
2.5k 2.5
w
when upper diode is in ON condition
Vu = 2k Vsat = 2 (- 10) =- 5 V
2.5k 4
Q. 66 A ramp input applied to an unity feedback system results in 5% steady state
error. The type number and zero frequency gain of the system are respectively
(A) 1 and 20 (B) 0 and 20
(C) 0 and 1 (D) 1 and 1
20 20
Sol. 66 For ramp input we have R (s) = 2 1
s
Now ess = lim sE (s)
s"0
R (s) 1
= lim s = lim
s " 0 1 + G (s) s " 0 s + sG (s)
or ess = lim 1 = 5% = 1 Finite

s " 0 sG (s) 20
But kv = 1 = lim sG (s) = 20
ess s"0
kv is finite for type 1 system having ramp input.


Q. 67 A double integrator plant G (s) = K/s2, H (s) = 1 is to be compensated to
achieve the damping ratio z = 0.5 and an undamped natural frequency, wn = 5
rad/sec which one of the following compensator Ge (s) will be suitable ?
(A) s + 3 (B) s + 99
s + 99 s+3
(C) s - 6 (D) - 6
s
s + 8.33 s
Sol. 67 Hence (A) is correct option.
K (1 - s)
Q. 68 An unity feedback system is given as G (s) = .
t
Indicate the correct root locus diagram.
e
s (s + 3)
.n
ng
ri
ee
in
ng
Sol. 68
ye
Q. 69
as
A MOS capacitor made using p type substrate is in the accumulation mode.
The dominant charge in the channel is due to the presence of
.E
(A) holes
(C) positively charged icons
(B) electrons
(D) negatively charged ions
w
In accumulation mode for NMOS having p -substrate, when positive voltage
w
Sol. 69
is applied at the gate, this will induce negative charge near p - type surface
w
beneath the gate. When VGS is made sufficiently large, an inversion of electrons is
formed and this in effect forms and n - channel.
Q. 70 A device with input X (t) and output y (t) is characterized by: Y (t) = x2 (t). An
FM signal with frequency deviation of 90 kHz and modulating signal bandwidth
of 5 kHz is applied to this device. The bandwidth of the output signal is
(A) 370 kHz (B) 190 kHz
(C) 380 kHz (D) 95 kHz
Sol. 70 Let x (t) be the input signal where
x (t) = cos (cos t + b1 cos wm t)
cos (2wc t + 2b1 cos wm t)
y (t) = x2 (t) = 1 +
2 2
3f
Here b = 2b1 and b1 = = 90 = 18
fm 5
BW = 2 (b + 1) fm = 2 (2 # 18 + 1) # 5 = 370 kHz

Q. 71 A signal as shown in the figure is applied to a matched filter. Which of the

following does represent the output of this matched filter ?
et
.n
ng
ri
ee
in
ng
ye
Sol. 71
as
The transfer function of matched filter is
h (t) = x (t - t) = x (2 - t)
.E
The output of matched filter is the convolution of x (t) and h (t) as shown below
w
w
w

Q. 72 Noise with uniform power spectral density of N0 W/Hz is passed though a filter
H (w) = 2 exp (- jwtd ) followed by an ideal pass filter of bandwidth B Hz. The
output noise power in Watts is
(A) 2N0 B (B) 4N0 B
(C) 8N0 B (D) 16N0 B
Sol. 72 Hence (B) is correct option.
We have H (f) = 2e - jwt d
H (f) = 2
G0 (f) = H (f) 2 Gi (f)
= 4No W/Hz
The noise power is = 4No # B

Q. 73 A carrier is phase modulated (PM) with frequency deviation of 10 kHz by a

single tone frequency of 1 kHz. If the single tone frequency is increased to 2
kHz, assuming that phase deviation remains unchanged, the bandwidth of the
PM signal is
(A) 21 kHz (B) 22 kHz
(C) 42 kHz (D) 44 kHz
Sol. 73 The phase deviation is
3f
b = = 10 = 10
et
fm 1
If phase deviation remain same and modulating frequency is changed
n
BW = 2 (b + 1) fm' = 2 (10 + 1) 2 = 44 kHz
.
g
n
i
Q. 74 An output of a communication channel is a random variable v with the
is
er
probability density function as shown in the figure. The mean square value of v
ne
gi
en
(A) 4
sy (B) 6
a
(C) 8 (D) 9
.E
Sol. 74 As the area under pdf curve must be unity
1 (4 # k) = 1 $ k = 1
w 2 2
w
Now mean square value is
#
+3
w #
sv2 =
=
-3
4
v2 p (v) dv
v2 ` v j dv as p (v) = 1 v
0 8 8
4 3
= # c v m dv = 8
0 8
Q. 75 Which one of the following does represent the electric field lines for the mode in
the cross-section of a hollow rectangular metallic waveguide ?


Q. 76 Characteristic impedance of a transmission line is 50 W. Input impedance of the
open-circuited line when the transmission line a short circuited, then value of
the input impedance will be.
(A) 50 W (B) 100 + j150W
(C) 7.69 + j11.54W (D) 7.69 - j11.54W
Hence (D) is correct option
t
Sol. 76
e
Zo2 = ZOC .ZSC
n
2
= Zo = 50 # 50 = 50
ZZC
ZOC
g. 100 + j150
50 (2 - 3j)
2 + 3j
n
= = 7.69 - 11.54j
i
13
er
Two identical and parallel dipole antennas are kept apart by a distance of l in
Q. 77
ne 4
the H - plane. They are fed with equal currents but the right most antenna has
i
a phase shift of + 90c. The radiation pattern is given as.
g
en
sy
a
.E
w
w
w
Sol. 77 The array factor is
bd sin q + a
A = cos b l
2
Here b = 2p , d = l and a = 90c
l 4
2p l p
sin q + p p
Thus A = cos c l 4 2
m = cos ` sin q + j
2 4 2
The option (A) satisfy this equation.
Common Data Questions 78, 79 and 80 :

Given, rd = 20kW , IDSS = 10 mA, Vp =- 8 V

Q. 78
(A) 2 MW and 2 kW
et
Zi and Z0 of the circuit are respectively
(B) 2 MW and 20 kW
11
(C) infinity and 2 MW
.n (D) infinity and 20 kW
Sol. 78
ng
The small signal model is as shown below
11
ri
ee
in
ng
ye
From the figure we have
as Zin = 2 MW
Z0 = rd RD = 20k 2k = 20 kW
.E
and
11
Q. 79 w
ID and VDS under DC conditions are respectively
w
(A) 5.625 mA and 8.75 V (B) 1.875 mA and 5.00 V
Sol. 79
w
(C) 4.500 mA and 11.00 V (D) 6.250 mA and 7.50 V
The circuit in DC condition is shown below
Since the FET has high input resistance, gate current can be neglect and we get
VGS =- 2 V
Since VP < VGS < 0 , FET is operating in active region
(- 2) 2
ID = IDSS c1 - VGS m = 10 c1 -
2
(- 8) m
Now = 5.625 mA
VP

Now VDS = VDD - ID RD = 20 - 5.625 m # 2 k = 8.75 V

Q. 80 Transconductance in milli-Siemens (mS) and voltage gain of the amplifier are
respectively
(A) 1.875 mS and 3.41 (B) 1.875 ms and -3.41
(C) 3.3 mS and -6 (D) 3.3 mS and 6
The transconductance is
t
Sol. 80
e
gm =
n
2
VP ID IDSS
or,
g.= 2 5.625mA # 10mA = 1.875 mS
8
The gain is
inA =- gm (rd RD)
So,
er = 1.875ms # 20 K =- 3.41
11
e
n
gi
Linked Answer Questions : Q. 81 to 90 Carry Two Marks Each
n
Consider an 8085 microprocessor system.
e
y
The following program starts at location 0100H.
Q. 81
as
LXI SP, OOFF
LXI H, 0701
.E
MVI A, 20H
SUB M
w
The content of accumulator when the program counter reaches 0109 H is
(A) 20 H (B) 02 H
w
(C) 00 H (D) FF H
Sol. 81
w
0100H LXI SP, 00FF
0103H LXI H, 0701
; Load SP with 00FFG
; Load HL with 0107H
0106H MVI A, 20H ; Move A with 20 H
0108 H SUB M ; Subtract the contents of memory
; location whose address is stored in HL
; from the A and store in A
0109H ORI 40H ; 40H OR [A] and store in A
010BH ADD M ; Add the contents of memeory location
; whose address is stored in HL to A
; and store in A
HL contains 0107H and contents of 0107H is 20H
Thus after execution of SUB the data of A is 20H - 20H = 00
Q. 82 If in addition following code exists from 019H onwards,
ORI 40 H
ADD M
What will be the result in the accumulator after the last instruction is executed ?
(A) 40 H (B) 20 H
(C) 60 H (D) 42 H

Sol. 82 Before ORI instruction the contents of A is 00H. On execution the ORI 40H the
contents of A will be 40H
00H = 00000000
40H = 01000000
ORI 01000000
After ADD instruction the contents of memory location whose address is stored
in HL will be added to and will be stored in A
40H + 20 H = 60 H
et
Statement for Linked Answer Question 83 and 84 :
.n
The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given by
g
G (s) = 3e
n
-2s
Q. 83
ri s (s + 2)
The gain and phase crossover frequencies in rad/sec are, respectively
(A) 0.632 and 1.26
e
(C) 0.485 and 0.632e (B) 0.632 and 0.485
(D) 1.26 and 0.632
Sol. 83
in
ng
G (s) = 3e
-2s
s (s + 2)
or
yeG (jw) = 3e-2jw
as G (jw) =
jw (jw + 2)
3
.E
w w2 + 4
Let at frequency wg the gain is 1. Thus
w 3
wg (wg2 + 4)
=1
or w wg4 + 4wg2 - 9 = 0
or
or
w wg2 = 1.606
wg = 1.26 rad/sec
Now +G (jw) =- 2w - p - tan-1 w
2 2
Let at frequency wf we have +GH =- 180c
w
- p =- 2wf - p - tan-1 f
2 2
-1 wf p
or 2wf + tan =
2 2
w w 3
or 2wf + c f - 1 ` f j m = p
2 3 2 2
5wf wf3
or - =p
2 24 2
5wf
.p
2 2
or wf = 0.63 rad/sec

Q. 84 Based on the above results, the gain and phase margins of the system will be
(A) -7.09 dB and 87.5c (B) 7.09 dB and 87.5c
(C) 7.09 dB and - 87.5c (D) - 7.09 and - 87.5c
Sol. 84 The gain at phase crossover frequency wf is
G (jwg) = 3 = 3
2 1
wf (wf + 4) 0.63 (0.632 + 4) 2
or G (jwg) = 2.27
t
G.M. =- 20 log G (jwg)
e
n
- 20 log 2.26 =- 7.08 dB
.
g
Since G.M. is negative system is unstable.
n
The phase at gain corss over frequency is
i
r
w
+G (jwg) =- 2wg - p - tan-1 g
2 2
ee=- 2 # 1.26 - p - tan-1 1.26

2 2
or
in =- 4.65 rad or - 266.5c
ng PM = 180c + +G (jwg) = 180c - 266.5c =- 86.5c
e
y
s
Common Data for Question 85 and 86 :
a
.E
Asymmetric three-level midtread quantizer is to be designed assuming equiprobable
occurrence of all quantization levels.
w
w
w
Q. 85 If the probability density function is divide into three regions as shown in the
figure, the value of a in the figure is
(A) 1 (B) 2
3 3
(C) 1 (D) 1
2 4
Sol. 85 As the area under pdf curve must be unity and all three region are equivaprobable.
Thus are under each region must be 13 .
2a # 1 = 1 $ a = 2
4 3 3
Q. 86 The quantization noise power for the quantization region between - a and + a
in the figure is
(A) 4 (B) 1
81 9
(C) 5 (D) 2
81 81

Sol. 86 Hence (A) is correct option.

+a 3 a 3
x $ 1 dx = 1 ; x E = a
a 2
Nq = #- a x2 p (x) dx = 2 #0 4 2 3 0 6
Substituting a = 2 we have
3
Nq = 4
81
Statement of Linked Answer Questions 87 & 88 :

Voltage standing wave pattern in a lossless transmission line with characteristic
t
impedance 50 and a resistive load is shown in the figure.
e
.n
ng
ri
ee
n
Q. 87 The value of the load resistance is
(A) 50 W
(C) 12.5 W
gi (B) 200 W
(D) 0
Sol. 87
en
From the diagram, VSWR is
sy s = Vmax = 4 = 4
Vmin 1
a
When minima is at load ZO = s.ZL
or
.E ZL = Zo = 50 = 12.5W
s 4
w
Q. 88
w
reflection coefficient is given by
(A)- 0.6 (B) - 1
w
(C) 0.6 (D) 0
Sol. 88 The reflection coefficient is
G = ZL - ZO = 12.5 - 50 =- 0.6
ZL + ZO 125. + 50
Statement of linked answer question 89 and89:

A sequence x (n) has non-zero values as shown in the figure.

x ( n2 - 1), For n even

Q. 89 The sequence y (n) = * will be
0, For n odd
et
.n
ng
ri
ee
in
ng
ye
as
.E
w
w
Sol. 89
w
Thus (A) is correct option.
From x (n) = [ 12 , 1, 2, 1, 1, 12 ]
y (n) = x ^ n2 - 1h, n even
= 0 , for n odd
n =- 2 , y (- 2) = x ( -22 - 1) = x (- 2) = 1
2
n =- 1, y (- 1) = 0
n = 0, y (0) = x ( 20 - 1) = x (- 1) = 1
n = 1, y (1) = 0
n=2 y (2) = x ( 22 - 1) = x (0) = 2
n = 3, y (3) = 0
n=4 y (4) = x ( 24 - 1) = x (1) = 1
n = 5, y (5) = 0
n=6 y (6) = x ( 26 - 1) = x (2) = 1
2
Hence y (n) = 1 d (n + 2) + d (n) + 2d (n - 2) + d (n - 4)+ 1 d (n - 6)

2 2

Q. 90 The Fourier transform of y (2n) will be

(A) e-j2w [cos 4w + 2 cos 2w + 2] (B) cos 2w + 2 cos w + 2
-jw
(C) e [cos 2w + 2 cos w + 2] (D) e-j2w [cos 2w + 2 cos + 2]
Sol. 90 Here y (n) is scaled and shifted version of x (n) and again y (2n) is scaled version
of y (n) giving
z (n) = y (2n) = x (n - 1)
= 1 d (n + 1) + d (n) + 2d (n - 1) + d (n - 2) + 1 d (n - 3)
2 2
Taking Fourier transform.
et
Z (e jw) = 1 e jw + 1 + 2e-jw + e-2jw + 1 e-3jw
2 2
= e-jw b 1 e2jw + e jw + 2 + e-jw + 1 e-2jw l
.n 2 2
g
2jw
= e-jw b e + e-2jw + e jw + 2 + e-jw
l
in 2
or
er
Z (e jw) = e-jw [cos 2w + 2 cos w + 2]
Hence (C) is correct answer
ne
gi
en
sy
a
.E
w
w
w

Answer Sheet
1. (B) 19. (A) 37. (C) 55. (D) 73. (D)
2. (C) 20. (D) 38. (A) 56. (C) 74. (C)
3. (D) 21. (D) 39. (B) 57. (C) 75. (D)
4. (B) 22. (D) 40. (B) 58. (D) 76. (D)
5.
6.
(A)
(C)
23.
24.
(A)
(C)
41.
e
42.
t (C)
(D)
59.
60.
(A)
(C)
77.
78.
(A)
(B)
7. (C) 25. (C)
.n
43. (B) 61. (B) 79. (A)
8. (B) 26. (D)
ng44. (B) 62. (B) 80. (B)

9.
10.
(B)
(C)
27.
28.
(A)
(C) ri 45.
46.
(B)
(C)
63.
64.
(B)
(C)
81.
82.
(C)
(C)
11. (C) 29. (C)
ee 47. (C) 65. (B) 83. (D)
12. (B) 30. (C)
in 48. (C) 66. (A) 84. (D)
g
13. (A) 31. (A) 49. (D) 67. (A) 85. (B)
14.
15.
(D)
(B)
32.
33.
en
(C)
(A)
50.
51.
(C)
(B)
68.
69.
(A)
(B)
86.
87.
(A)
(C)
16. (C) 34.
sy (A) 52. (A) 70 (A) 88. (A)
a
17. (B) 35. (C) 53. (C) 71 (C) 89. (A)
.E
18. (B) 36. (C) 54. (A) 72 (B) 90. (C)
w
w
w

Ec 2005

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GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC

Q. 1 - 30 Carry One Mark Each

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Q. 9 In a series RLC circuit, R = 2 kW , L = 1 H, and C = 1 mF The resonant

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Hence option (C) is correct.

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m (t) dt E Z. DSB-SC modulation

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= 8 sin 20pt + 4 sin 15pt

Sol. 26 The transfer function of a lag network is

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a H (x, y, z, t) = 10 sin (50000t + 0.004x + 30) aty

(A) Unit circles

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ng (D) Re (s) > a + 5

sy f (t) = e(a + 2) t + 5 = e5 .e(a + 2) t

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Substituting m = 0 and s = 2 in above we get

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Sol. 37 Hence (C) is correct option.

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(A) 5 V and 2 W (B) 7.5 V and 2.5 W

(A) 0.238 V (B) 0.138 V

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Sol. 41 Here Va = 5 V because R1 = R2 and total voltage drop is 10 V.

Hence (D) is correct option.

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Q. 47 The voltage e0 is indicated in the figure has been measured by an ideal

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(A) 43 mA and 11.4 Volts

Now w IC = bIB = 50 # 40m = 2 mA

(A) 23.7 mA (B) 14.2 mA

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